CN110912259A - 一种时钟电源供电装置 - Google Patents
一种时钟电源供电装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110912259A CN110912259A CN201911382581.9A CN201911382581A CN110912259A CN 110912259 A CN110912259 A CN 110912259A CN 201911382581 A CN201911382581 A CN 201911382581A CN 110912259 A CN110912259 A CN 110912259A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- diode
- clock
- super capacitor
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound 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[Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ZGPLUVQSXUUQBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[Mn++] Chemical group 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[Li+].[O--].[O--].[Mn++] ZGPLUVQSXUUQBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SOZVEOGRIFZGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].ClS(Cl)=O Chemical group 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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium Chemical compound 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[Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G19/00—Electric power supply circuits specially adapted for use in electronic time-pieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G19/00—Electric power supply circuits specially adapted for use in electronic time-pieces
- G04G19/10—Arrangements for supplying back-up power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
Abstract
本申请公开了一种时钟电源供电装置，包括：依次连接的时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块；时钟电池供电模块包括可更换的时钟电池，时钟电池的正极分别与第一二极管的阳极、第二二极管的阳极连接；抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池，锂电池的正极与LDO电源的输入脚相连，LDO电源的输出脚与第三二极管的阳极相连；主电源模块包括AC/DC降压开关电源电路；超级电容充放电模块包括超级电容充电电路以及超级电容放电电路。本申请中即使在出现极端异常的情况时，也能通过超级电容维持时钟电源48小时，使得在电力人员进行电池更换时，保证时钟能够维持准确。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及仪器仪表技术领域，尤其涉及一种时钟电源供电装置。
背景技术
目前智能表的时钟电池一般要求为3.6V、1.2Ah，在正常情况下PTC工作电流非常小，断电后理论计算可以使用5年以上。但在实际应用中，电池可能由于钝化、长时间耗电导致内阻过大引起电池欠压，电池一旦没电，会导致电量累积时标错误，分时费率结算错误等诸多问题。因目前的智能表的时钟电池一般都是内置焊接，一旦时钟电源发生欠压，电力部门只能拆表，返回电表厂进行开盖更换电池。这对于用户以及电力部门都会造成困扰。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种时钟电源供电装置，优先使用主电源模块给时钟电源供电，不消耗电池的电流，当处于掉电的情况下时，优先使用可充电的超级电容充放电模块进行供电，当超级电容充放电模块的电压偏低的情况下，先消耗可更换的抄表电池供电模块的电压，最后才会消耗转供给时钟芯片的可更换的时钟电池，保证电能表在正常工作的寿命期间，且时钟准确。即使在出现极端异常的情况时，也能通过超级电容维持时钟电源48小时，使得在电力人员进行电池更换时，保证时钟能够维持准确。
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种时钟电源供电装置，包括：依次连接的时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块；
所述时钟电池供电模块包括可更换的时钟电池，所述时钟电池的正极分别与第一二极管的阳极、第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第一二极管、所述第二二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚连接；
所述抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池，所述锂电池的正极与LDO电源的输入脚相连，所述LDO电源的输出脚与第三二极管的阳极相连，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述主电源模块包括AC/DC降压开关电源电路，与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述超级电容充放电模块包括超级电容充电电路以及与所述超级电容充电电路连接的超级电容放电电路，所述超级电容发电电路与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连。
可选地，所述超级电容充电电路包括滤波电容、第四二极管、第五二极管、限流电阻和超级电容；所述滤波电容一端接地，另一端分别连接所述第四二极管、所述第五二极管的阳极；所述第四二极管和所述第五二极管的阴极通过所述限流电阻连接所述超级电容的一端。
可选地，所述超级电容放电电路包括超级电容、第六二极管、第七二极管、限流电阻；所述超级电容的一端接地，另一端通过所述限流电阻分别连接所述第六二极管、所述第七二极管的阳极；所述第六二极管和所述第七二极管的阴极均连接所述时钟芯片的电源引脚。
可选地，所述超级电容为双电层拉法电容。
可选地，所述第四二极管和所述第五二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
可选地，所述AC/DC降压开关电源电路包括第八二极管和第九二极管，所述第八二极管和所述第九二极管的阴极均连接所述时钟芯片的电源引脚。
可选地，所述可更换的时钟电池为锂-亚硫酰氯电池。
可选地，所述可更换的锂电池为锂-二氧化锰电池。
可选地，所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
可选地，所述LDO电源包括低压差稳压器。
与现有技术相比，本申请的优点在于：
本申请提供了一种时钟电源供电装置，包括：依次连接的时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块；
所述时钟电池供电模块包括可更换的时钟电池，所述时钟电池的正极分别与第一二极管的阳极、第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第一二极管、所述第二二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚连接；
所述抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池，所述锂电池的正极与LDO电源的输入脚相连，所述LDO电源的输出脚与第三二极管的阳极相连，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述主电源模块包括AC/DC降压开关电源电路，与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述超级电容充放电模块包括超级电容充电电路以及与所述超级电容充电电路连接的超级电容放电电路，所述超级电容发电电路与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连。
本申请中提供的时钟电源供电装置，优先使用主电源模块给时钟电源供电，不消耗电池的电流，当处于掉电的情况下时，优先使用可充电的超级电容充放电模块进行供电，当超级电容充放电模块的电压偏低的情况下，先消耗可更换的抄表电池供电模块的电压，最后才会消耗转供给时钟芯片的可更换的时钟电池，保证电能表在正常工作的寿命期间，且时钟准确。即使在出现极端异常的情况时，也能通过超级电容维持时钟电源48小时，使得在电力人员进行电池更换时，保证时钟能够维持准确。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的一种时钟电源供电装置的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种时钟电源供电装置，优先使用主电源模块给时钟电源供电，不消耗电池的电流，当处于掉电的情况下时，优先使用可充电的超级电容充放电模块进行供电，当超级电容充放电模块的电压偏低的情况下，先消耗可更换的抄表电池供电模块的电压，最后才会消耗转供给时钟芯片的可更换的时钟电池，保证电能表在正常工作的寿命期间，且时钟准确。即使在出现极端异常的情况时，也能通过超级电容维持时钟电源48小时，使得在电力人员进行电池更换时，保证时钟能够维持准确。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
参见图1，为本申请实施例提供的一种时钟电源供电装置的电路图。
本申请实施例公开一种时钟电源供电装置，包括：依次连接的时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块；
时钟电池供电模块包括可更换的时钟电池，时钟电池的正极分别与第一二极管的阳极、第二二极管的阳极连接，第一二极管、第二二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚连接；
抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池，锂电池的正极与LDO电源的输入脚相连，LDO电源的输出脚与第三二极管的阳极相连，第三二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
主电源模块包括AC/DC降压开关电源电路，与时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
超级电容充放电模块包括超级电容充电电路以及与超级电容充电电路连接的超级电容放电电路，超级电容发电电路与时钟芯片的电源引脚相连。
需要说明的是，从图1可知，本申请实施例所提供的时钟电源供电装置，包括有时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块，时钟电池供电模块包括有：可更换的时钟电池(3.6V)BAT1、限流电阻R1、并联的第一二极管和第二二极管。其中，可更换的时钟电池的负极接电源地，正极与限流电阻R1的一端连接，R1的另一端与第一二极管、第二二极管的阳极连接，而这两个二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC连接。
抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池(6V)BAT2、限流电阻R3、滤波电容C4和C5、低压差稳压器U1以及二极管D5。可更换的锂电池的负极接地，正极接限流电阻R3的一端，限流电阻R3的另一端并滤波电容C4，与低压差稳压器U1的电源输入引脚VIN相连，低压差稳压器U1的输出引脚VOUT并滤波电容C5与二极管D5的阳极相连，二极管D5的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC连接。其中，C5的另一端接地。
超级电容充放电模块包括有超级电容充电电路和超级电容放电电路，二者相连，且超级电容放电电路连接时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC。
主电源模块主要通过并联的两个二极管给时钟供给+5V的电压，这两个二极管的阳极连接输出电压为+5V的主电源，阴极连接时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC。
当电能表正常供电时，主电源输出的电压处经前级AC/DC转换，输出稳定的+5V电压，经过两个二极管，输入给时钟芯片VRTC。这两个二极管为锗管，导通压降为0.2V左右，VRTC上的电压为4.8V。同时主电源给超级电容充电电路充电，充电时，超级电容充电电路中的超级电容先充电，等到超级电容充满电后，与超级电容的一端连接着的两个二极管阴极处的电压不会超出4.8V，在经过与这两个二极管串联的另一对二极管的阳极，由于主电源上电时，VRTC上的电压已经为4.8V，超级电容放电电路上的两个二极管的阳极的最高电压也只有4.8V，因此这两个二级管被钳位，不会导通。同理，可更换的时钟电池的电压为3.6V，与之连接的两个二极管也被钳位，不会导通，而可更换的锂电池虽为6V，但是经过低压差稳压器U1后，稳压器输出后的电压为4.5V，需要说明的是，所选择的低压差稳压器的输出固定是4.5V，所以与之连接的二极管D5不导通。因此在电能表正常供电时，本申请实施例的VRTC主要由主电源供电，同时主电源还给超级电容C1和C2充电直至二者充满电。
当电能表掉电时，主电源处的电压为0，所以主电源不再给VRTC供电，此时假设超级电容已经充满电，超级电容C1的正极理论上可以达到4.8V，经过两个二极管进行放电个时钟芯片的电源供电，知道超级电容上的电压低于4.5V，便由抄表电池供电模块的低压差稳压器稳压到4.5V后，再串联二极管D5给VRTC供电，因此抄表电池供电模块的电池容量为1400mAh，时钟芯片的电源一般为2-4uA的电流，可以满足理论上的计算超过5年。只有在抄表电池供电模块欠压时，同时超级电容上的电压低于3.6V时，此时才会由时钟电池给VRTC供电，而时钟电池专供给VRTC，时钟电池的容量为1200mAh，理论上可以满足电能表使用大于10年。保证了整个电能表在工作寿命期，时钟芯片都是不断电的。
当电能表的时钟电池和抄表电池供电模块都欠压时，也就是出现异常情况时，上电的时候，依然是由主电源来给VRTC供电，同时产生事件上报电网(软件处理)，超级电容进行充电，当电网掉电时，超级电容放电维持时钟电源48小时的运转。
本申请实施例在正常工况下，优先通过主电源模块给时钟的电源供电，不消耗锂电池的电流，当处于掉电的情况下时，也是优先使用可充电的超级电容进行供电，当超级电容的电压偏低时，先消耗抄电表供电模块的电压，最后才消耗转供给时钟芯片的可更换时钟电池，保证电能表在正常的工作寿命期间，时钟准确。当出现极端异常的情况时，也能通过超级电容来维持时钟电源48小时，使得当电力人员进行电池更换时，保证时钟能够维持准确。
进一步地，超级电容充电电路包括滤波电容、第四二极管、第五二极管、限流电阻和超级电容；滤波电容一端接地，另一端分别连接第四二极管、第五二极管的阳极；第四二极管和第五二极管的阴极通过限流电阻连接超级电容的一端。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所提供的的超级电容充电电路由滤波电容、两个二极管、限流电阻和超级电容组成；其中，滤波电容C3的一端接地，另一端连接电源以及两个二极管的阳极，而两个二极管的阴极连接限流电阻R2的一端，R2的另一端连接超级电容C1的正极，该超级电容C1的负极连接超级电容C2的正极，超级电容C2的负极接地。也就是说，超级电容C1和超级电容C2串联。
进一步地，超级电容放电电路包括超级电容、第六二极管、第七二极管、限流电阻；超级电容的一端接地，另一端通过限流电阻分别连接第六二极管、第七二极管的阳极；第六二极管和第七二极管的阴极均连接时钟芯片的电源引脚。
需要说明的是，超级电容放电电路包括有超级电容、两个二极管和限流电阻。两个二极管的阳极连接超级电容充电电路的两个二极管的阴极，阴极连接时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC。
进一步地，超级电容为双电层拉法电容。
需要说明的是，在超级电容充电电路以及超级电容发电电路中共用的超级电容，可以为双电层拉法电容。
进一步地，第四二极管和第五二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，如图1所示的两两并联的二极管，均为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
进一步地，AC/DC降压开关电源电路包括第八二极管和第九二极管，第八二极管和第九二极管的阴极均连接时钟芯片的电源引脚。
需要说明的是，主电源模块设有两个共阴极的肖特基二极管，并且，这两个二极管的阴极均连接时钟芯片的电源引脚VRTC。
进一步地，可更换的时钟电池为锂-亚硫酰氯电池。
需要说明的是，时钟电池供电模块的可更换锂电池可为锂-亚硫酰氯电池。
进一步地，可更换的锂电池为锂-二氧化锰电池。
需要说明的是，抄表电池供电模块中的可更换的锂电池可为锂-二氧化锰电池。
进一步地，第一二极管和第二二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
需要说明的是，时钟电池供电模块中的两个二极管均为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
进一步地，抄表电池供电模块包括低压差稳压器。
需要说明的是，抄表电池供电模块包括有低压差稳压器。
以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解；其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，包括：依次连接的时钟电池供电模块、主电源模块、超级电容充放电模块和抄表电池供电模块；
所述时钟电池供电模块包括可更换的时钟电池，所述时钟电池的正极分别与第一二极管的阳极、第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第一二极管、所述第二二极管的阴极与时钟芯片的电源引脚连接；
所述抄表电池供电模块包括可更换的锂电池，所述锂电池的正极与LDO电源的输入脚相连，所述LDO电源的输出脚与第三二极管的阳极相连，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述主电源模块包括AC/DC降压开关电源电路，与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连；
所述超级电容充放电模块包括超级电容充电电路以及与所述超级电容充电电路连接的超级电容放电电路，所述超级电容发电电路与所述时钟芯片的电源引脚相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述超级电容充电电路包括滤波电容、第四二极管、第五二极管、限流电阻和超级电容；所述滤波电容一端接地，另一端分别连接所述第四二极管、所述第五二极管的阳极；所述第四二极管和所述第五二极管的阴极通过所述限流电阻连接所述超级电容的一端。
3.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述超级电容放电电路包括超级电容、第六二极管、第七二极管、限流电阻；所述超级电容的一端接地，另一端通过所述限流电阻分别连接所述第六二极管、所述第七二极管的阳极；所述第六二极管和所述第七二极管的阴极均连接所述时钟芯片的电源引脚。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述超级电容为双电层拉法电容。
5.根据权利要求2所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述第四二极管和所述第五二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
6.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述AC/DC降压开关电源电路包括第八二极管和第九二极管，所述第八二极管和所述第九二极管的阴极均连接所述时钟芯片的电源引脚。
7.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述可更换的时钟电池为锂-亚硫酰氯电池。
8.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述可更换的锂电池为锂-二氧化锰电池。
9.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管为共阴极的肖特基二极管。
10.根据权利要求1所述的时钟电源供电装置，其特征在于，所述LDO电源包括低压差稳压器。
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| CN112947735A (zh) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | 一种服务器时钟芯片的供电电路及服务器 |
| CN113489100A (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 上海海得控制系统股份有限公司 | 一种rtc时钟供电电路 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112947735A (zh) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | 一种服务器时钟芯片的供电电路及服务器 |
| CN113489100A (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 上海海得控制系统股份有限公司 | 一种rtc时钟供电电路 |
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