CN110887371A

CN110887371A - Hot-blast stove

Info

Publication number: CN110887371A
Application number: CN201911236150.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺乐平; 李铁辉; 朱代理; 欧阳通
Original assignee: Hu'nan Nongyou Machinery Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hu'nan Nongyou Machinery Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-05
Publication date: 2020-03-17

Abstract

The application discloses hot-blast furnace includes: the combustion chamber (1) is used for combusting materials to generate heat and high-temperature flue gas after combustion; the heat exchange mechanism (2) is used for exchanging heat between the cold air and the flue gas and converting the cold air and the flue gas into hot air; the exhaust mechanism (3), the said exhaust mechanism (3) is used for discharging the flue gas after heat exchange; the feeding hole of the combustion chamber (1) is arranged above the combustion chamber (1), a fuel hopper (11) is further arranged at the feeding hole, and the fuel hopper (11) is used for storing and supplying fuel to the combustion chamber (1). The application provides a hot-blast furnace through designing and combining combustion chamber, heat transfer mechanism, exhaust mechanism, realizes the miniaturization of hot-blast furnace to can realize reducing area, arrange in a flexible way.

Description

Hot-blast stove

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a hot blast stove.

Background

At present, the annual yield of grains in China is about 5 hundred million tons, the loss of grains after being harvested in the processes of threshing, airing, storing, transporting, processing, consuming and the like is about 18 percent, and the loss is greatly different from the annual grain mildewing loss of 3 percent all over the world. In the loss, because of climatic reasons, the amount of grains which are mildewed and germinated because the grains are not dried in the sun or reach safe moisture is up to 2100 million tons, which accounts for 4.2 percent of the total yield of grains in China, and the loss caused directly is 180 hundred million-240 million yuan. Therefore, the development of mechanical grain drying equipment is urgent.

Grain stoving usually need set up the hot-blast furnace heat supply, and when the hot-blast furnace volume was too big, area was big, is difficult to arrange, and hardly forms an organic whole with the drying-machine, is unfavorable for grain drying equipment's miniaturization.

Therefore, how to improve the hot blast stove to meet the requirement of miniaturization of the grain dryer is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the above technical problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide a hot blast stove; the application provides a hot-blast furnace through designing and combining combustion chamber, heat transfer mechanism, exhaust mechanism, realizes the miniaturization of hot-blast furnace to can realize reducing area, arrange in a flexible way.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a hot blast stove comprising:

the combustion chamber is used for combusting materials to generate heat and generating high-temperature flue gas after combustion;

the heat exchange mechanism is used for exchanging heat between the cold air and the flue gas and converting the cold air and the flue gas into hot air;

the exhaust mechanism is used for discharging the flue gas after heat exchange;

the feed inlet setting of combustion chamber is in the combustion chamber side top, the feed inlet still is equipped with the fuel fill, the fuel fill is used for the storage and to the combustion chamber supplies with fuel.

Preferably, a fire grate is arranged in the combustion chamber, the fire grate is positioned below the feed port, the fire grate is provided with a through hole for gas to pass through, and an air inlet of the combustion chamber is arranged below the fire grate.

Preferably, a detachable ash storage box is arranged below the fire grate, and an air inlet is formed in the side wall of the ash storage box.

Preferably, the heat exchange mechanism comprises a heat exchange shell and a heat exchange tube arranged in the heat exchange shell and sealed, the heat exchange shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, cold air enters from the air inlet, and hot air is formed through heat exchange and is discharged from the air outlet;

the combustion chamber is also provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside atmosphere, the air outlet is communicated with one end of the heat exchange tube, and cold air enters from the air inlet and is heated to form smoke, and the smoke enters the heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the cold air;

the exhaust mechanism comprises a smoke exhaust pipe and a smoke inducing machine, the smoke exhaust pipe is communicated with the other end of the heat exchange pipe, and the smoke inducing machine is used for providing power so that the smoke subjected to heat exchange is exhausted from the smoke exhaust pipe.

Preferably, the smoke exhaust pipe is sleeved with a preheating pipe, one end of the preheating pipe is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

Preferably, an air supplementing opening is further formed in one end, close to the air inlet, of the preheating pipe.

Preferably, one end of the preheating pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere and/or the air supply opening is/are provided with a filter.

Preferably, one end of the smoke exhaust pipe, which is far away from the heat exchange pipe, is provided with a smoke treatment device.

Preferably, a plurality of the heat exchange tubes and the serpentine fins form an S-shaped heat exchange loop.

Preferably, the hot blast stove is in particular a small biomass stove.

The application provides a hot-blast furnace, through designing and combining combustion chamber, heat transfer mechanism, exhaust mechanism, realizes the miniaturization of hot-blast furnace to can realize reducing area, arrange in a flexible way. The combustion chamber is provided with the fuel hopper, so that more fuel can be stored, the hot blast stove can work continuously, the fuel is gradually added into the combustion chamber through the feed port for combustion, an operator does not need to add the fuel frequently, and the labor intensity is reduced; more importantly, the fuel hopper can be hung outside the hot blast stove, so that the volume of the combustion chamber is reduced, and the volume of the hot blast stove is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of a hot blast stove in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the hot blast stove in another direction according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the internal structure of a hot blast stove part in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of a grate and an ash storage bin in a hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an integrated assembly of a hot blast stove and a grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1-a combustion chamber; 11-a fuel hopper; 12-a grate; 13-ash storage box; 2-a heat exchange mechanism; 21-a heat exchange shell; 22-heat exchange tubes; 3-an exhaust mechanism; 31-smoke exhaust pipe; 32-a smoke machine; 4-preheating a pipe; 41-air supplement port.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of a plurality of or a plurality of is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the practical limit conditions of the present application, so that the modifications of the structures, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, do not have the technical essence, and the modifications, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, are all within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application.

The embodiments of the present application are written in a progressive manner.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hot blast stove, including:

the combustion chamber 1 is used for combusting materials to generate heat and generating high-temperature flue gas after combustion;

the heat exchange mechanism 2 is used for exchanging heat between the cold air and the flue gas and converting the cold air into hot air;

the exhaust mechanism 3 is used for exhausting the flue gas after heat exchange;

the feed inlet of the combustion chamber 1 is arranged above the side of the combustion chamber 1, a fuel hopper 11 is further arranged at the feed inlet, and the fuel hopper 11 is used for storing and supplying fuel to the combustion chamber 1.

The application provides a hot-blast furnace, through designing and combining combustion chamber 1, heat transfer mechanism 2, exhaust mechanism 3, realizes the miniaturization of hot-blast furnace to can realize reducing area, arrange in a flexible way. The combustion chamber 1 is provided with the fuel hopper 11, so that more fuel can be stored, the hot blast stove can work continuously, the fuel is gradually added into the combustion chamber 1 through the feed inlet for combustion, an operator does not need to add the fuel frequently, and the labor intensity is reduced; more importantly, the fuel hopper 11 can be hung outside the hot blast stove, so that the volume of the combustion chamber 1 is reduced, and the volume of the hot blast stove is reduced.

Preferably, a screw feeder is provided in the fuel hopper 11, and the amount of fuel introduced into the combustion chamber 1 is controlled by controlling whether or not the screw feeder is operated and the operating speed.

The application provides a hot-blast furnace uses 1 burning material of combustion chamber, and the production of heat will get into the air conditioning heating high temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber 1, then at heat transfer mechanism 2 and cold wind heat transfer, finally forms hot-blast in order to dry grain. Cold wind and flue gas can not direct contact in heat transfer mechanism 2, only carry out the heat exchange to impurity that mixes in the flue gas gets into in the cereal when can avoiding burning.

In this application, the cold air entering the combustion chamber 1 and the cold air of the heat exchange mechanism 2 can both be the outside atmosphere.

The hot-blast furnace that this application provided still can cooperate grain drying-machine's other structure integrative equipments, as shown in figure 6. When the fuel hopper 11 is assembled with the grain dryer integrally, the fuel hopper 11 is hung outside the grain dryer, the exhaust mechanism 3 can be fixed outside the grain dryer, and only the combustion chamber 1 and the heat exchange mechanism 2 are placed in the grain dryer, so that the volume occupied by the hot blast stove is reduced.

Preferably, a grate 12 is arranged in the combustion chamber 1, the grate 12 is positioned below the feed inlet, the grate 12 is provided with a through hole for air to pass through, and an air inlet of the combustion chamber 1 is arranged below the grate 12.

The used hot-blast furnace of this application preferably sets up dead weight deslagging system for the ashes that the fuel combustion was accomplished drops automatically and is collected. Specifically, the grate 12 is arranged, and the air inlet of the combustion chamber 1 is arranged below the grate 12, so that air for combustion can pass through holes in the grate 12 to be mixed with fuel entering from an upper feeding hole, continuous combustion is carried out on the grate 12, the fuel close to the grate 12 is combusted for a longer time, and the fuel just entering from the feeding hole is just ignited for combustion; during the combustion of the fuel, the grate 12 can support the fuel due to the fuel having a certain width and thickness; when the fuel is burnt to become ash, the fuel above the grate and the self-weight of the fuel break into fine particles or ash, pass through the through holes of the grate 12, fall below the grate and are collected. The fire grate 12 is preferably a structure formed by fixing a plurality of parallel support rods and fixing plates at two sides, and a strip-shaped through hole is formed between the adjacent support rods, so that ashes after combustion can better penetrate through the fire grate. The grate 12 can realize smooth combustion process in the combustion chamber 1, and is less interfered by ash, and meanwhile, collected ash is convenient to treat.

Preferably, a detachable ash storage box 13 is arranged below the grate 12, and an air inlet is formed in the side wall of the ash storage box 13.

In order to facilitate the disposal of ash, it is more preferable that a detachable ash storage box 13 is arranged below the grate 12, and the ash storage box 13 can be taken out to facilitate the cleaning of ash; the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the ash storage box 13, so long as the periodic ash removal is ensured, the ash falling on the bottom of the ash storage box 13 can not prevent the cold air from entering from the side wall of the ash storage box 13 and then entering the passage of the fire grate 12 from the upper part of the ash.

Preferably, the heat exchange mechanism 2 comprises a heat exchange housing 21 and a heat exchange tube 22 arranged in the heat exchange housing 21 and closed, the heat exchange housing 21 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, cold air enters from the air inlet, and forms hot air through heat exchange and is discharged from the air outlet;

the combustion chamber 1 is also provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside atmosphere, the air outlet is communicated with one end of the heat exchange tube 22, and cold air enters from the air inlet and is heated to form smoke, and the smoke enters the heat exchange tube 22 to exchange heat with the cold air;

the exhaust mechanism 3 comprises a smoke exhaust pipe 31 and a smoke inducing machine 32, the smoke exhaust pipe 31 is communicated with the other end of the heat exchange pipe 22, and the smoke inducing machine 32 is used for providing power so that the smoke subjected to heat exchange is exhausted from the smoke exhaust pipe 31.

Cold wind and flue gas can not direct contact in heat transfer mechanism 2, only carry out the heat exchange, specifically can realize through following structure: the heat exchange mechanism 2 comprises a heat exchange shell 21 and a heat exchange tube 22 arranged in the heat exchange shell 21, the heat exchange shell 21 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, cold air enters from the air inlet and forms hot air through heat exchange, and the hot air is discharged from the air outlet; the combustion chamber 1 is also provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside atmosphere, the air outlet is communicated with one end of the heat exchange tube 22, and cold air enters from the air inlet and is heated to form smoke which enters the heat exchange tube 22 to exchange heat with cold air; because the heat exchange tube 22 and the heat exchange shell 21 are independent, the flue gas and the cold air can not contact with each other during heat exchange. The exhaust mechanism 3 comprises a smoke exhaust pipe 31 and a smoke inducing machine 32, the smoke exhaust pipe 31 is communicated with the other end of the heat exchange pipe 22, and the smoke inducing machine 32 is used for providing power so that smoke after heat exchange is exhausted from the smoke exhaust pipe 31.

Preferably, the smoke exhaust pipe 31 is externally sleeved with a preheating pipe 4, one end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

In order to further utilize energy, a preheating pipe 4 is preferably sleeved outside the smoke exhaust pipe 31, one end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the outside atmosphere. Cold air enters the air inlet from the preheating pipe 4, and exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipe 31 while flowing, so that the cold air is preheated; after the preheated cold air enters the air inlet, the cold air continuously exchanges heat with the flue gas in the heat exchange tube 22 in the heat exchange shell 21, and finally is converted into hot air meeting the grain drying requirement, and the hot air is discharged from the air outlet for drying.

The preheating pipe 4 is arranged to utilize the heat of the discharged flue gas, the time and space requirements for heat exchange required by the heat exchange mechanism 2 are reduced, and the reduction of the volume of the heat exchange mechanism 2 is facilitated.

Preferably, an air supplement port 41 is further arranged at one end of the preheating pipe 4 close to the air inlet.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the flow of air entering the air inlet, an air supplement port 41 may be further disposed at one end of the preheating pipe 4 close to the air inlet, so that cold air enters from the end of the preheating pipe 4 and the air supplement port 41, respectively, the cold air entering from the end of the preheating pipe 4 is preheated, and the cold air entering from the air supplement port 41 is not preheated or has a short preheating time, and then joins the heat exchange shell 21 for heat exchange.

Preferably, one end of the preheating pipe 4 communicated with the outside atmosphere and/or the air supply opening 41 is/are provided with a filter.

In order to ensure the cleanliness of the cold air, a filter can be arranged at one end of the preheating pipe 4 communicated with the outside atmosphere and/or the air supply port 41 to filter impurities and harmful substances in the cold air.

Preferably, a smoke treatment device is arranged at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 31 far away from the heat exchange pipe 22.

Preferably, a flue gas treatment device is arranged at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 31 far away from the heat exchange pipe 22, so that the discharged flue gas is subjected to harmless treatment.

Preferably, a plurality of the heat exchange tubes 22 and the serpentine fins form an S-shaped heat exchange loop.

For improving heat exchange efficiency, can constitute S type heat transfer circuit with many heat exchange tubes 22 and snakelike fin to be S type flow in making the whole heat exchange mechanism 2 of flue gas, cold wind in the heat transfer casing 21 flows around heat exchange tube 22, carries out the heat transfer in a plurality of positions.

Preferably, the hot blast stove is in particular a small biomass stove.

The hot blast stove is preferably a small biomass stove, crop wastes such as wheat bran, straws and the like can be used for preparing biomass fuel through the steps of crushing, granulating, extrusion forming and the like, and the biomass fuel is used by the hot blast stove, so that heat supply by utilizing the biological wastes is realized, the cost is saved, and the on-site treatment and utilization of the biological wastes are facilitated.

Example 1

A hot blast stove comprising:

the combustion chamber 1 is used for heating cold air to form smoke;

A grate 12 is arranged in the combustion chamber 1, the grate 12 is positioned below the feed inlet, a through hole for air to pass through is formed in the grate 12, a detachable ash storage box 13 is arranged below the grate 12, and an air inlet is formed in the side wall of the ash storage box 13.

The heat exchange mechanism 2 comprises a heat exchange shell 21 and a heat exchange tube 22 which is arranged in the heat exchange shell 21 and is sealed, wherein the heat exchange shell 21 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, cold air enters from the air inlet, and hot air formed by heat exchange is discharged from the air outlet;

The smoke exhaust pipe 31 is externally sleeved with a preheating pipe 4, one end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe 4 is communicated with the outside atmosphere. And an air supplementing opening 41 is also formed in one end, close to the air inlet, of the preheating pipe 4.

The plurality of heat exchange tubes 22 and the serpentine fins form an S-shaped heat exchange loop.

The hot blast stove is a small biomass stove.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hot blast stove, comprising:

the combustion chamber (1) is used for combusting materials to generate heat and high-temperature flue gas after combustion;

the heat exchange mechanism (2) is used for exchanging heat between the cold air and the flue gas and converting the cold air and the flue gas into hot air;

the exhaust mechanism (3), the said exhaust mechanism (3) is used for discharging the flue gas after heat exchange;

the feeding hole of the combustion chamber (1) is arranged above the combustion chamber (1), a fuel hopper (11) is further arranged at the feeding hole, and the fuel hopper (11) is used for storing and supplying fuel to the combustion chamber (1).

2. The hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that a grate (12) is arranged in the combustion chamber (1), the grate (12) is located below the feed opening, and the grate (12) is provided with through holes for gas to pass through, and the gas inlet of the combustion chamber (1) is arranged below the grate (12).

3. The hot blast stove according to claim 2, wherein a detachable ash storage box (13) is provided below the grate (12), and an air inlet is provided in a side wall of the ash storage box (13).

4. The hot blast stove according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the heat exchange mechanism (2) comprises a heat exchange housing (21) and a heat exchange pipe (22) arranged in the heat exchange housing (21) and closed, the heat exchange housing (21) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, cold air enters from the air inlet, and forms hot air through heat exchange and is discharged from the air outlet;

the combustion chamber (1) is also provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside atmosphere, the air outlet is communicated with one end of the heat exchange tube (22), and cold air enters from the air inlet and is heated to form smoke which enters the heat exchange tube (22) to exchange heat with the cold air;

the exhaust mechanism (3) comprises a smoke exhaust pipe (31) and a smoke guiding machine (32), the smoke exhaust pipe (31) is communicated with the other end of the heat exchange pipe (22), and the smoke guiding machine (32) is used for providing power so that smoke after heat exchange is exhausted from the smoke exhaust pipe (31).

5. The hot blast stove according to claim 4, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe (31) is externally sleeved with a preheating pipe (4), one end of the preheating pipe (4) is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

6. The stove according to claim 5, characterised in that the preheating tube (4) is provided with a supplementary tuyere (41) at the end adjacent to the inlet opening.

7. The hot blast stove according to claim 6, characterized in that the end of the preheating pipe (4) communicating with the outside atmosphere and/or the air supply opening (41) is provided with a filter.

8. The hot blast stove according to claim 4, wherein the end of the smoke exhaust pipe (31) remote from the heat exchange pipe (22) is provided with a flue gas treatment device.

9. The hot blast stove according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of said heat exchange tubes (22) form an S-shaped heat exchange circuit with serpentine fins.

10. The hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot blast stove is in particular a small biomass stove.