CN110885163B - Reservoir pollution source control method and system - Google Patents
Reservoir pollution source control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110885163B CN110885163B CN201911080579.6A CN201911080579A CN110885163B CN 110885163 B CN110885163 B CN 110885163B CN 201911080579 A CN201911080579 A CN 201911080579A CN 110885163 B CN110885163 B CN 110885163B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for managing and controlling a reservoir pollution source, which comprises the steps of selecting a rain collecting area of a reservoir area, and dividing the rain collecting area into a plurality of adjacently distributed multi-level resource protection areas from inside to outside by taking the reservoir area and reservoir area branches as centers; determining sources in a multi-stage resource protection area, which have a link relation with the water pollution of a reservoir area, and generating a control protection band for response according to the water flow direction of each source and the pollution source carried by each source; isolation protection zones for improving the stability of the water quality of the reservoir area are arranged at the periphery and the boundary of the reservoir area, and closed management is carried out on water resources in the reservoir area and reservoir area branches; the system comprises a multi-dimensional link system, a biological low-lying zone, a nitrogen-reducing water circulation system, an air suspension ladder mechanism, a pit-pit chain ecological system and an ecological floating bed; this scheme forms closed pollution management with the reservoir area, can avoid other pollutants direct flow to the reservoir area in, through the peripheral isolation in reservoir area and purification, guarantee that the reservoir area is in stable ecological balance, avoid receiving serious pollution disasters.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of reservoir area pollution treatment, in particular to a reservoir area pollution source control method and system.
Background
Storm runoff and stream inflow sinks are two major sources of reservoir pollution, wherein storm management comprises source and upstream pollutant control, runoff management control, rainwater accumulation and other modes. In order to prevent pollutants from entering downstream water bodies, the most effective method is to control and stop the release of the pollutants, namely, the source control, control of the discharge of chemical substances and oils, garbage recovery, slope construction control and building site maintenance are all source control methods for preventing the pollutants from flowing to the downstream.
Most common stream intake management is to increase the purification capacity of the reservoir and the purification strength of the reservoir after intake, and possibly cause irreversible pollution treatment, so a safer and more stable method for managing and controlling the reservoir pollution source is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a reservoir pollution source control method and system, which are used for purifying a pool chain at the tail end of a converged stream to decompose and precipitate pollutants in the stream, so as to solve the problems of large purification burden and irreversible pollution of a reservoir in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following: a reservoir pollution source management and control method comprises the following steps:
step 100, selecting a rainwater collection area of a reservoir area, and dividing the rainwater collection area into a plurality of adjacently distributed multi-level resource protection areas from inside to outside by taking the reservoir area and reservoir area tributaries as centers;
200, determining sources in a multi-stage resource protection area, which are linked with reservoir area water pollution, and generating a control protection band for response according to the water flow direction of each source and the pollution source carried by each source;
and step 300, arranging isolation protection zones for improving the water quality stability of the reservoir area at the periphery and the boundary of the reservoir area, and performing closed management on water resources in the reservoir area and reservoir area branches.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the multi-level resource protection area is divided into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guarantee area from inside to outside, the natural ecological red line area surrounds the periphery of the reservoir area, and the ecological function guarantee area surrounds the outer sides of the branch starting point and the tail end of the reservoir area;
the ecological function guarantee area is divided into a residential cultivated land area and a cultivation livestock-raising area from a region close to a region far away from a reservoir, the residential cultivated land area is connected with a nitrogen reduction pool together, and the nitrogen reduction pool collects all domestic sewage in a centralized manner, purifies the domestic sewage, and circularly discharges the domestic sewage into cultivated land for soil irrigation.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a biological low-lying belt for collecting and storing water is arranged on the central line of the livestock breeding belt, the biological low-lying belt and the livestock breeding belt form a basin landform with a high middle low periphery, water flow of the livestock breeding belt flows to the biological low-lying belt in a concentrated mode, and sediments and aquatic plants for filtering water flow nutrients are arranged in the biological low-lying belt;
and a stepped low-terrain sedimentation purification zone is designed at the side slope position of the ecological function guarantee area, and water flow overflowing from the biological low-terrain area is filtered by the sedimentation purification zone and is discharged into a reservoir area.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 200, the reservoir area water pollution source head includes side slope surface runoff incoming water, warehousing stream incoming water and warehousing gully incoming water, the isolation guard band around the reservoir area and the reservoir area drainage is used for degrading pollutants of the side slope surface runoff incoming water, a dam pool chain is set at the junction of the warehousing stream incoming water and the reservoir area to filter stream pollutants, and a plurality of aquatic ecological floating beds are arranged on the reservoir area and reservoir area branches to perform water body self-purification.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 300, the isolation protection belt comprises a barrier filter mesh belt for filtering garbage impurities, an aerial suspension ladder belt for reducing water nutrients from slope surface runoff, and a lakeside wetland for purifying water quality in a reservoir area, the aerial suspension ladder belt is in an inverted triangular tower shape, each layer of the aerial suspension ladder belt is sequentially divided into a green plant belt, a filtered silt belt and a soil-fixing gravel bed from top to bottom, the lower surface of each layer of the aerial suspension ladder belt is provided with water permeable holes, and surface inflow water is filtered by the green plant belt, the filtered silt belt and the soil-fixing gravel bed and transferred to the next layer of the aerial suspension ladder for continuous filtration when passing through each layer of the aerial suspension ladder.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the step of filtering and purifying the incoming water of the stream entering the warehouse by the dam pool chain specifically comprises the following steps:
artificially simulating a step deep pool form naturally formed by a mountain river at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream converging into the warehouse area, and establishing a plurality of terrain drop steps at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream to construct a multi-stage flow channel-drop-purified pool system in situ in the river channel;
tamping the bottom of each level of purification pool by adopting plain filling soil, and then properly paving pebbles, zeolites, shells and planting submerged plants;
a dam is formed around the purification pool by using a stone mill to construct a pool bank protection, and an ecological bag for increasing the attachment of microorganisms is filled in the stone mill, so that the microorganisms can utilize the surface and gaps of the ecological bag as living spaces to carry out metabolic activities to enhance the self-purification capacity of a water body;
a gravel bed is additionally arranged at the step of each stage of water drop, an ecological culture bag rich in aerobic microorganisms is additionally arranged in the crack of the gravel bed, and water drop aeration is performed to supplement oxygen consumed by the microorganisms in water in time, so that the microorganisms can play a role of purifying water.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the reservoir area is provided with a buffer slope at the tail end of the dam pool chain, a buffer area is formed between the buffer slope and the dam pool chain, an aquatic plant filter bed is distributed along the buffer slope, and a aquatic organism ecological chain is arranged at the bottom of the buffer area.
In addition, the invention also provides a management and control system for reservoir pollution sources, which comprises:
a multidimensional link system used for dividing the ecological part of the protection area range of the reservoir area;
the biological low-lying zone is used for reducing the water quantity discharged from surface runoff water to a reservoir area, and the nitrogen-reducing water circulating system is used for reducing the nitrogen of domestic sewage, purifying and recycling the domestic sewage;
constructing an aerial suspension ladder mechanism of a surface runoff incoming water purification system;
a pool chain ecosystem for reducing water pollution at a reservoir region confluence junction;
an ecological floating bed for self-purification of water resources in a reservoir area.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the multi-dimensional link system takes the reservoir area and the reservoir area tributaries as the center, the rain collecting area of the reservoir area is divided into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guaranteeing area from inside to outside, the ecological function guaranteeing area reduces the waste water directly discharged into the reservoir area through benign control, and the water quality of surface runoff is ensured to be less polluted.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the aerial suspension ladder mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of inverted triangular steps arranged on dams at two sides of a reservoir zone branch, incoming slope surface runoff water is filtered and purified by the aerial suspension ladder mechanisms at two sides of the reservoir zone branch and then is discharged into the reservoir zone branch, the aerial suspension ladder mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of biological support plates sequentially arranged on the dams at two sides of the reservoir zone branch, each layer of biological support plate sequentially comprises a plant filter layer, a sediment filtering zone and a gravel solid soil layer from top to bottom, the lower surface of each layer of biological support plate is provided with a flow guide pore, and the incoming slope surface runoff water falls to the lower layer of biological support plate through the flow guide pores of the upper layer of biological support plate.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, the rain collecting area of the reservoir area is divided into a plurality of resource protection areas, and the garbage generated by each resource protection area is classified, so that the wastewater generated by each life behavior is prevented from being directly discharged to the reservoir area, the purified wastewater is reduced after respective independent treatment, and the influence on the water quality of the reservoir area due to serious pollution of surface runoff water is avoided;
(2) according to the invention, through pool chain purification of the tail end of the afflux stream, pollutant decomposition and precipitation purification in the stream are realized, the phenomenon that the pollutant is directly afflux into a reservoir to increase the purification burden of the reservoir is avoided, a stable ecological system is generated at the connecting position of the afflux stream and the reservoir area, and stream water flows into the reservoir after deep purification;
(3) according to the invention, the isolation guard belts on two sides of the reservoir area and the pool chain system at the sink end of the reservoir area are used for forming closed pollution management on the reservoir area, so that other pollutants can be prevented from directly flowing into the reservoir area and being isolated and purified at the periphery of the reservoir area, the reservoir area is ensured to be in stable ecological balance, and serious pollution disasters are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pollution source management and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a pollution source management and control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a multidimensional linking system; 2-biological low-lying zones; 3-a nitrogen reduction water circulation system; 4-an aerial suspension ladder mechanism; 5-pool chain ecosystem.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for managing and controlling a pollution source in a reservoir area, wherein the pollution source in the reservoir area mainly includes three categories, namely, human life behavior pollution, incoming and outgoing stream pollution and rainfall pollution.
For human life behavior pollution, the specific control mode of the embodiment is as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly, subdividing the living area of human beings, keeping the behavior with larger pollution away from a reservoir area, keeping the behavior with smaller pollution close to the reservoir area, reusing the living water of the human beings to reduce the water quantity discharged to the reservoir area, reducing the surface runoff inflow quantity of the reservoir area through an artificial biofiltration purification tank, reducing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the surface runoff inflow water, and controlling the surface runoff inflow water pollution of the reservoir area.
For the pollution of the incoming and outgoing streams, the specific control method of the embodiment is as follows: set up dykes and dams pool chain at the end of income brook, carry out deep purification to each grade pool chain, filter and reduce the impurity and the nitrogen phosphorus content of income brook, prevent that reservoir area water from receiving the pollution.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, selecting a rain collecting area of the reservoir area, and dividing the rain collecting area into a plurality of adjacently distributed multi-level resource protection areas from inside to outside by taking the reservoir area and reservoir area branches as centers.
The multistage resource protection area is divided into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guarantee area from inside to outside, the natural ecological red line area surrounds the reservoir area periphery, and the ecological function guarantee area surrounds the outside at reservoir area tributary starting point and tip.
The natural ecological red line area of the embodiment is an ecological buffer area, and no heavy pollution product exists completely, and no people live in the natural ecological red line area, so that pollutants are prevented from influencing the cleanness of a reservoir area.
Ecological function guarantee district is from being close to keeping away from reservoir area tributary and dividing into living arable land area and breed poultry area in proper order, living arable land area is connected with the nitrogen-reducing pond jointly, the nitrogen-reducing pond is collected all domestic sewage in a set of, and the circulation is discharged into arable land soil and is irrigated after purifying treatment, and living arable land area grows around reservoir area tributary, and resident domestic waste recovery management to after the resident domestic use waste water is concentrated and is purified, circulation irrigation arable land soil, through arable land soil to nitrogen phosphorus element's absorption, the nutrient that permeates in the moisture of underground and reservoir area tributary reduces.
The central line of breeding the livestock breeding area is provided with a biological low-lying area used for collecting flow and storing water, the biological low-lying area and the breeding livestock breeding area form a basin landform with a middle low periphery, water flow of the breeding livestock breeding area flows to the biological low-lying area in a concentrated mode, and sediments and aquatic plants used for filtering water flow nutrients are arranged in the biological low-lying area.
The livestock breeding belt is far away from a branch flow of a reservoir area, the livestock breeding belt is intensively confined and recycled to ferment excrement, the fermented excrement can be used as organic fertilizer, livestock breeding wastewater is collected in an artificial biological low-lying belt, biological depressions can be used for replacing rainwater pipelines, and the biological depressions are usually built on a gentle slope and aim to deposit sediments in the biological depressions when rainwater slowly flows. When the rain water passes, the water remaining in the raceway passes through and permeates the formation, providing moisture and nutrients therein to the plants, thereby reducing the amount of nutrients that may eventually flow into the reservoir.
The low sediment purification zone of the cascaded relief of side slope position design in ecological function guarantee district, the rivers that biological low-lying area spilled over filter the nutrient and arrange into the reservoir area through depositing the purification zone, because surface runoff can flow into in the reservoir area tributary along the side slope position, consequently this embodiment avoids the pollution of side slope surface runoff to the reservoir area, increase the purification zone in the side slope position, the purification zone generally indicates artificial ladder roadblock, it distributes to be snakelike drainage depositing the purification zone simultaneously, can reduce the velocity of water flow, increase the greenbelt net in the both sides of artificial ladder roadblock, absorb the water yield and the nitrogen phosphorus element of side slope surface runoff, reduce the pollution of side slope surface runoff to the reservoir area tributary.
200, determining sources which are in a linkage relation with reservoir area water pollution in the multi-stage resource protection area, and generating a control protection band for response according to the water flow direction of each source and the pollution source carried by each source.
The reservoir area water pollution source head comprises side slope surface runoff incoming water, reservoir stream incoming water and reservoir gutter inlet incoming water, isolation protective belts at the periphery of reservoir area and reservoir area drainage are used for degrading pollutants of the side slope surface runoff incoming water, dam pool chains are set at the junction of the reservoir area and the reservoir area to filter stream pollutants, and a plurality of water ecological floating beds are arranged on reservoir area and reservoir area branches to carry out water body self-purification.
Wherein step 100 adds the management and control absorption system in the route of side slope surface runoff incoming water to through step 100 to the division of living area, and to the management and control of domestic water and domestic waste, the pollution that can effectual reduction resident's life produced, consequently the source of pollution side slope surface runoff incoming water itself nutrient and other pollutants volume are few.
Slope surface runoff flows into a reservoir area through dams on two sides of reservoir area branches, so that isolation and protection zones are required to be added on two sides of the reservoir area branches concentrated in a living area for water purification.
The isolation protection area is including the jube filter screen area that is used for filtering rubbish impurity, the air suspension ladder area that is used for reducing side slope surface runoff water supply nutrient and is used for purifying the lakeside area wetland of reservoir area quality of water, the shape in air suspension ladder area is the inverted triangle tower type, and every layer of air suspension ladder area from the top down falls into green area of planting, filtration silt belt and solid soil gravel bed of planting in proper order, every layer the lower surface in air suspension ladder area all is equipped with the hole of permeating water, the surface flow is come water and is all transferred to next layer of air suspension ladder and continue to filter through the filtration of green area of planting, filtration silt belt and solid soil gravel bed when passing through each layer of air suspension ladder.
That is to say, before the side slope surface runoff is warehoused in the embodiment, large garbage is filtered on two sides of a dam through the barrier filter mesh belt, then the suspended ladder belt in the air is used for absorbing nutrients in water, finally the side slope surface runoff flows into the lakeside zone wetlands on two sides of the reservoir area, and the large garbage is purified through the lakeside zone wetlands and then permeates into reservoir area branches, so that the large impurities and trace elements in the side slope surface runoff are filtered for multiple times through the triple filtration and purification, the peak flow during the rainstorm can be weakened, the sediment can be removed, and the double effects are achieved.
For the source of water pollution of the stream entering the warehouse, when the stream entering the warehouse is collected into the warehouse, the stream entering the warehouse needs to be purified to meet the water quality standard of the warehouse. Therefore, the steps of utilizing the dam pool chain to filter and purify incoming water of the stream entering the warehouse are as follows:
and (3) manually simulating the step deep pool form naturally formed by mountainous rivers at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream afflux into the warehouse area, and establishing a plurality of terrain drop steps at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream to construct a multi-stage flow channel-drop-purified pool system in situ in the river.
On a natural river in a mountain area with a large longitudinal gradient, a landform with steps and deep ponds is a common typical form, a river bed is formed by connecting a section of steep slope or drop with a section of gentle slope and deep ponds at intervals, and a series of steps are formed in the longitudinal direction of a river channel.
The pond chain system artificially simulates the natural formation of a step-deep pool form in a mountain river, and is designed to construct a multi-stage flow channel-drop-pool purification system in situ in the river by using the terrain drop and combine various river water quality purification technologies. And (4) building a purifying pool and a drop dam by combining the terrain conditions of the riverway. The water flow is processed by the purifying pool and then flows to the next link through the water drop dam. The removal rate of the pond chain system to each pollutant is mainly removed through the metabolism of microorganisms in water, and the higher the activity of the microorganisms is, the stronger the degradation of the pollutants is; the better the microbial growth condition of the pool chain system, the better the water quality purification effect.
Tamping the bottom of each level of purification pool by adopting plain filling soil, and then properly paving pebbles, zeolites, shells and planting submerged plants.
And tamping the bottom of the purifying pond on the basis of the original riverbed by adopting plain filling soil, and then properly paving pebbles, zeolites, shells and planting submerged plants. Pebbles, zeolite and shells have higher specific surface area, have better adsorption effect on nitrogen, and meanwhile, the surface is beneficial to the formation of a biological film and the nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms, so that nitrogen in water is removed, and the river purification capacity is improved. The submerged plant can effectively remove pollutants in water, and particularly has a good effect of removing nitrogen and phosphorus.
Dams are formed around the purification pool by using stone rams to construct a pool bank protection, ecological bags for increasing attachment of microorganisms are filled in the stone rams, and the surfaces and gaps of the ecological bags can be used as living spaces for metabolic activities of the microorganisms to enhance the self-purification capacity of the water body.
And constructing a pool revetment by stacking ecological bags at the edge of the purification pool, supplementing natural stones to the surface of the ecological bags, and filling natural soil in seams of the stones to plant hygrophytes. And carrying out grass seed sowing and water-edge plant cultivation on the bank side. The ecological bag is filled with filler (generally soil), and is made of environment-friendly and non-toxic materials, is not degraded, is resistant to acid and alkali, and has a permeable and soil-impermeable permeable permeation function. The revetment constructed by the ecological bags can realize the energy exchange between the river water body and the river bank material, microorganisms can utilize the surfaces and gaps of the ecological bags as living spaces to carry out metabolic activities to enhance the self-cleaning capacity of the water body, plants can utilize the soil in the ecological bags to take root growth, and root systems can penetrate through the ecological bags to enter a land layer to achieve the effect of stabilizing the revetment. The broadcasting of the grass seeds on the bank and the cultivation of the water plants can play a role of an ecological buffer zone, and the reduction of surface runoff pollution is facilitated.
A gravel bed is additionally arranged at the step of each stage of water drop, an ecological culture bag rich in aerobic microorganisms is additionally arranged in the crack of the gravel bed, and water drop aeration is performed to supplement oxygen consumed by the microorganisms in water in time, so that the microorganisms can play a role of purifying water.
On one hand, the drop dam has an overflowing function, and simultaneously can enable the water body to be continuously turbulent in the flowing process, and the drop aeration timely supplements oxygen consumed by microorganisms in water, so that the microorganisms in the water can play a role in purifying the water. The water body is purified by constructing the places with poor water quality and high flow velocity of the water body, so that the rapid oxygenation of the water body is realized, the oxygen environment of the water body is improved, the habitat of the water body is effectively improved, and the landscape effect of the water body is improved.
Therefore, the puddle link system has the following features in this embodiment:
(1) the energy dissipation effect is achieved, and the speed of water flow can be buffered;
(2) the waterflow level of the pond chain system is various, and a unique landscape effect is formed;
(3) the water layers of the pond chain system are diversified, so that the quantity and diversity of aquatic plants are improved;
(4) the pool chain system can prolong the hydraulic retention time and drop water also increases the dissolved oxygen content in water.
In addition, as an advantage of this embodiment, the reservoir area is in the end of dykes and dams pond chain is equipped with the buffering inclined plane, and the connecting wire of buffering inclined plane and dykes and dams pond chain forms the V font structure, consequently form the buffer zone between buffering inclined plane and the dykes and dams pond chain, along laid aquatic plant filter bed on the buffering inclined plane, and set up aquatic thing ecological chain at the bottom of buffer zone.
And a stable ecological system is formed at the joint of the storage area and the warehousing stream, so that the effect of thoroughly purifying the warehousing stream is realized.
And step 300, arranging isolation protection zones for improving the water quality stability of the reservoir area at the periphery and the boundary of the reservoir area, and performing closed management on water resources in the reservoir area and reservoir area branches.
Through the cooperation of the step 200 and the step 300, the periphery and the boundary of the reservoir area are connected into a stable isolation protective zone, the periphery of the reservoir area filters large garbage on two sides of a dam through a barrier filter mesh belt, then the hollow suspension ladder zone is utilized to absorb nutrients in water, finally slope surface runoff flows into lakeside zone wetlands on two sides of the reservoir area, and the joints of the reservoir area and other streams are treated in a graded mode through a pool chain system, so that closed management is realized on water resources in the reservoir area, and the invasion of external pollution-free sources is ensured, thereby forming a stable benign ecological system.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a system for managing and controlling a reservoir pollution source, including:
a multidimensional link system 1 for dividing the ecological part of the protection area range of the reservoir area;
the biological low-lying area 2 is used for reducing the water quantity discharged from surface runoff water to a reservoir area, and the nitrogen-reducing water circulating system 3 is used for reducing the nitrogen of domestic sewage, purifying and recycling the domestic sewage;
constructing an aerial suspension ladder mechanism 4 of a surface runoff incoming water purification system;
a pool chain ecosystem 5 for reducing water pollution at the junction of reservoir area confluence;
an ecological floating bed for self-purification of water resources in a reservoir area.
The multi-dimensional link system 1 takes a reservoir area and reservoir area branches as centers, the reservoir area rainwater collection area is divided into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guarantee area from inside to outside, the ecological function guarantee area reduces waste water directly discharged into the reservoir area through benign management and control, and the water quality of surface runoff is guaranteed to be less polluted.
Aerial suspension ladder mechanism 4 is including setting up a plurality of layers of inverted triangle ladder on reservoir area tributary both sides dykes and dams, side slope surface runoff incoming water discharges into reservoir area tributary in the 4 filtration purification back-row of aerial suspension ladder mechanism of reservoir area tributary both sides, aerial suspension ladder mechanism 4 is including installing in proper order multilayer biological support plate on reservoir area tributary both sides dykes and dams, every layer biological support plate from the top down includes plant filtering layer, filtration silt area and gravel soil layer admittedly in proper order, every layer the lower surface of biological support plate is equipped with the water conservancy diversion pore, side slope surface runoff incoming water process upper layer the lower floor is fallen to the water conservancy diversion pore of biological support plate.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A reservoir pollution source control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, selecting a rainwater collection area of a reservoir area, and dividing the rainwater collection area into a plurality of adjacently distributed multi-level resource protection areas from inside to outside by taking the reservoir area and reservoir area tributaries as centers;
the multi-stage resource protection area is divided into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guarantee area from inside to outside, the ecological function guarantee area is divided into a living farming area and a breeding livestock area from the area close to the reservoir to the area far away from the reservoir in sequence, a biological low-lying area for collecting flow and storing water is arranged on the central line of the breeding livestock area, and the biological low-lying area and the breeding livestock area form a basin landform with a low middle part and a high periphery;
designing a stepped low-relief sedimentation purification zone at a side slope position of an ecological function guarantee area, filtering nutrients of water flow overflowing from the biological low-relief zone through the sedimentation purification zone and discharging the filtered nutrients into a reservoir area, wherein the sedimentation purification zone is distributed in a snake-shaped drainage manner to reduce the water flow speed, and green belt grids are added on two sides of the sedimentation purification zone to absorb the water quantity and nitrogen and phosphorus elements of side slope surface runoff and reduce the pollution of the side slope surface runoff on reservoir area branches;
200, determining sources in a multi-stage resource protection area, which are linked with reservoir area water pollution, and generating a control protection band for response according to the water flow direction of each source and the pollution source carried by each source;
in step 200, the reservoir water pollution sources comprise side slope surface runoff incoming water, warehousing stream incoming water and warehousing gully incoming water;
the reservoir area and the isolation protection zone around the reservoir area drainage are used for degrading pollutants in the runoff water coming from the surface of the side slope;
setting dam pool chains at the junction of the incoming stream water and the reservoir area to filter stream pollutants;
a plurality of aquatic ecological floating beds are arranged on the reservoir area and reservoir area branches to carry out water body self-purification; step 300, arranging isolation protection zones for improving the stability of the water quality of the reservoir area at the periphery and the boundary of the reservoir area, and performing closed management on water resources in the reservoir area and reservoir area branches;
the isolation protection belt comprises a barrier filter mesh belt for filtering garbage impurities, an aerial hanging ladder belt for reducing slope surface runoff water inflow nutrients and a lakeside belt wetland for purifying water quality in a reservoir area.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the natural ecological red line area surrounds the periphery of the reservoir area, and the ecological function guarantee area surrounds the outside of the start and end of reservoir area tributaries;
the residential ploughing zone is connected with a nitrogen reduction pool together, and the nitrogen reduction pool collects all domestic sewage in a centralized manner, purifies the domestic sewage and circularly discharges the domestic sewage into ploughed land for soil irrigation.
3. The method for managing and controlling reservoir pollution sources as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water flow of the farm production area flows to the biological low-lying area intensively, and sediments and aquatic plants for filtering water flow nutrients are arranged in the biological low-lying area.
4. The method for managing and controlling the pollution source of the reservoir area according to claim 1, wherein: in step 300, the shape in air suspension ladder area is the inverted triangle tower type, and every layer of air suspension ladder area from the top down falls into green area of planting, filtration silt belt and solid soil gravel bed in proper order, every layer the lower surface in air suspension ladder area all is equipped with the hole of permeating water, the earth's surface flows through the water and all transfers to next layer of air suspension ladder through the filtration of green area of planting, filtration silt belt and solid soil gravel bed and continue to filter when passing through each layer of air suspension ladder.
5. The method for managing and controlling the pollution source of the reservoir area according to claim 1, wherein: the dam pool chain is used for filtering and purifying incoming stream water entering a warehouse and specifically comprises the following steps:
artificially simulating a step deep pool form naturally formed by a mountain river at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream converging into the warehouse area, and establishing a plurality of terrain drop steps at the tail end of the warehouse entry stream to construct a multi-stage flow channel-drop-purified pool system in situ in the river channel;
tamping the bottom of each level of purification pool by adopting plain filling soil, and then properly paving pebbles, zeolites, shells and planting submerged plants;
a dam is formed around the purification pool by using a stone mill to construct a pool bank protection, and an ecological bag for increasing the attachment of microorganisms is filled in the stone mill, so that the microorganisms can utilize the surface and gaps of the ecological bag as living spaces to carry out metabolic activities to enhance the self-purification capacity of a water body;
a gravel bed is additionally arranged at the step of each stage of water drop, an ecological culture bag rich in aerobic microorganisms is additionally arranged in the crack of the gravel bed, and water drop aeration is performed to supplement oxygen consumed by the microorganisms in water in time, so that the microorganisms can play a role of purifying water.
6. The method for managing and controlling the pollution source of the reservoir area according to claim 5, wherein: the reservoir area is in the end of dykes and dams pond chain is equipped with the buffering inclined plane, the buffering inclined plane with form the buffer zone between the dykes and dams pond chain, along laid aquatic plant on the buffering inclined plane and filtered the bed, and the bottom of buffer zone sets up aquatic thing ecological chain.
7. A management and control system for the reservoir pollution source management and control method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising:
a multi-dimensional link system (1) for dividing the ecological part of the range of the protected area of the reservoir area;
the biological low-lying area (2) is used for reducing the water quantity discharged from surface runoff to a reservoir area, and the nitrogen-reducing water circulating system (3) is used for reducing the nitrogen content of domestic sewage, purifying and recycling the domestic sewage;
constructing an aerial suspension ladder mechanism (4) of a surface runoff incoming water purification system;
a pool chain ecosystem (5) for reducing water pollution at the reservoir region confluence junction;
an ecological floating bed for self-purification of water resources in a reservoir area.
8. The management and control system for the reservoir pollution sources according to claim 7, wherein the multidimensional link system (1) divides the rain collecting area of the reservoir area into a natural ecological red line area and an ecological function guarantee area from inside to outside by taking the reservoir area and reservoir area branches as centers, and the ecological function guarantee area reduces waste water directly discharged into the reservoir area through benign management and control and ensures that the surface runoff is polluted with less water quality.
9. The management and control system of a reservoir pollution source of claim 7, characterized in that, aerial suspension ladder mechanism (4) is including setting up a plurality of layers of inverted triangle ladder on reservoir area tributary both sides dykes and dams, side slope surface runoff incoming water discharges into reservoir area tributary after filtration purification through aerial suspension ladder mechanism (4) of reservoir area tributary both sides in, aerial suspension ladder mechanism (4) is including installing in proper order multilayer biological support plate on reservoir area tributary both sides dykes and dams, and every layer of biological support plate includes plant filter bed, filtration silt area and gravel solid soil layer from the top down in proper order, every layer the lower surface of biological support plate is equipped with the water conservancy diversion pore, side slope surface runoff incoming water passes through the upper strata the water conservancy diversion pore of biological support plate falls to the lower floor the biological support plate.
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