CN110873975A - 可调式膜装置 - Google Patents

可调式膜装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110873975A
CN110873975A CN201910463035.1A CN201910463035A CN110873975A CN 110873975 A CN110873975 A CN 110873975A CN 201910463035 A CN201910463035 A CN 201910463035A CN 110873975 A CN110873975 A CN 110873975A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
layer
linear polarizer
polarization rotator
crystal element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201910463035.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN110873975B (zh
Inventor
K-H·章
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Original Assignee
GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Global Technology Operations LLC filed Critical GM Global Technology Operations LLC
Publication of CN110873975A publication Critical patent/CN110873975A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110873975B publication Critical patent/CN110873975B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/141—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent using ferroelectric liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133548—Wire-grid polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13775—Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/01—Function characteristic transmissive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/02—Function characteristic reflective
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/03—Function characteristic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/09—Function characteristic transflective

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种可调式膜装置。该装置包括：第一层和第二层、设置在第一层之前的线性偏振器、设置在第一层和第二层之间的液晶元件；以及被配置为引起通过线性偏振器接收到的光的时间平均化的调谐器。

Description

可调式膜装置
引言
与示例性实施例一致的装置和方法涉及显示图像。更具体地，与示例性实施例一致的装置和方法涉及用于改善所显示的图像的图像质量的装置。
发明内容
一个或多个示例性实施例提供了一种减少斑点的装置。更具体地，一个或多个示例性实施例提供了这样的装置，该装置包括被配置成减少所显示的图象中的斑点的可调式光控膜。
根据示例性实施例的一方面，提供了一种可调式膜装置。该装置包括第一和第二层、设置在第一层之前的线性偏振器、设置在第一层和第二层之间的液晶元件以及被配置为引起通过线性偏振器接收到的光的时间平均化的调谐器。
第一层和第二层可以包括玻璃或塑料基底。
为引起时间平均化而施加的电场的频率可以大于显示器的刷新频率，该显示器被配置为接收通过液晶元件传输的光。
液晶元件可以是各向异性聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)或聚合物稳定液晶(PSLC)膜。
调谐器可以是被配置成生成电场的偏振旋转器。
偏振旋转器可以设置在第一层和线性偏振器之间。
偏振旋转器可以是铁电液晶、柔性电胆甾型液晶或向列型液晶当中的至少一种。
当偏振旋转器处于激活时，偏振旋转器可以引起通过线性偏振器接收的光的漫射角的改变。
第二层可以是磨砂玻璃漫射体。磨砂玻璃漫射体可包括面向液晶元件的粗糙侧和与粗糙侧相对的光滑侧。
旋转器可以包括设置在第一层和第二层之间的透明电极以及设置在透明电极之间的平面取向层，并且液晶元件可以设置在平面取向层之间。
调谐器可以被配置为向透明电极施加电场。调谐器可以包括被配置为向透明电极施加电场的发生器。由发生器施加的电场引起通过液晶元件的光的光漫射角变化。
通过以下对示例性实施例和附图的详细描述，示例性实施例的其它目的、优点和新颖特征将变得更加显而易见。
附图说明
图1A和1B示出了根据几个示例性实施例的可调式膜装置的图示；
图2示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的用作屏幕的可调式膜装置的图示；
图3示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的置于屏幕之前的可调式膜装置的图示；
图4示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的置于激光投影仪的屏幕之间的可调式膜装置的图示；以及
图5示出了带斑点的图像和没有斑点的理想图像的示例。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图中的图1至图5详细地描述可调式膜装置，其中相同的附图标记始终表示相同的元件。
以下公开将使本领域技术人员能够实践本发明的概念。然而，本文公开的示例性实施例仅仅是示例性的，并且不将本发明概念限制于本文描述的示例性实施例。而且，每个示例性实施例的特征或方面的描述通常应被认为可用于其它示例性实施例的方面。
还应理解，在本文中陈述的第一元件“连接到”、“形成在”或“设置在”第二元件上的情况下，第一元件可直接地连接到、直接地形成在或直接地设置在第二元件上，或者第一元件与第二元件之间可以存在居间元件，除非陈述第一元件“直接地”连接到、形成在或设置在第二元件上。此外，如果第一元件被配置为“发送”或“接收”来自第二元件的信息，则第一元件可以直接地发送或接收来自第二元件的信息，经由总线发送或接收信息，经由网络接收信息，或者经由中间元件发送或接收信息，除非指示第一元件“直接地”接收来自第二元件的信息。
在整个公开中，公开的元件中的一个或多个可以组合成单个设备或组合成一个或多个设备。此外，可以在单独的设备上提供个别元件。
激光源显示器提供了具有宽色域和高效率的优点，但是采用激光作为光源的投影式显示器遭受到图像上出现斑点的这种形式的图像质量问题。在激光被大气扰动或粗糙表面漫射，通过具有有限孔径的装置(例如，显微镜)观察或检测激光时，斑点出现。在激光投影式显示器中，斑点的存在趋向于掩盖图像信息，因此非常期望减少斑点。
斑点图像问题的一个解决方案是：利用机械振动或旋转通过光角度、偏振和波长的多样化来对激光或光进行时间平均化。然而，机械振动或旋转需要附加的机动化装置，这增加了机械故障的可能性和包装尺寸。可调式膜装置引入了在不存在机械式诱发的时间平均化的情况下产生时间平均化效应装置。可调式膜装置可以使用被配置成经由偏振控制和有效折射率控制来改变、调整或改变光漫射角的机构。
图1A和图1B示出了根据若干示例性实施例的可调式膜装置的示意图。
参考图1A和图1B，示出了第一可调式膜装置110和第二可调式膜装置120。然而，第一可调式膜装置不限于图1所示的示例，并且可以配置得不同。
第一可调式膜装置110可包括第一层111、第二层112、液晶元件114、线性偏振器116、透明电极117以及平面取向层118。第一层111可以是玻璃层，第二层112可以是折射率值为1.5±0.05且面向液晶元件114的粗糙侧的磨砂玻璃漫射层。磨砂玻璃漫射层可具有微结构尺寸范围为1μm到1mm的粗糙前表面和抛光的后表面。磨砂玻璃漫射体可由硼硅酸盐、碱石灰或合成熔凝硅石制成。线性偏振器116可以是二向色或线栅线性偏振器。
第一可调式膜装置110还可包括第一类调谐器115，并可被配置为通过线性偏振器116接收光或激光。如图1A所示，液晶元件114中液晶分子的取向可以由第一类调谐器115产生的外电场控制。液晶与微结构的交界面处的有效折射率基于外电场而变化。因此，第一可调式装置110的漫射角是电可调的。在一个示例中，当电场未被激活或处于关闭状态时，有效折射率大于1.5，当电场处于激活或处于开启状态时，有效折射率接近1.5。
透明电极117可具有50nm的厚度。透明电极可以由银纳米线或氧化铟锡制成。
平面取向层118可以具有小于100nm的厚度。平面对准层118可以由摩擦的聚酰亚胺或光取向层制成。
第一类调谐器115可以是被配置为向透明电极117输出波形的波形发生器。波形的频率可以大于显示器的刷新速率，该显示器被配置为显示图像或接收通过可调的液晶膜传播的光或激光。通过施加时变电场，第一类调谐器115可以使各向异性材料表现出与磨砂玻璃漫射体的微结构(如第三可调式膜装置130中所示)的时变折射率匹配-失配。
参考图1B，第二可调式膜装置120可以包括第一层111、第二层112、液晶元件114、聚合物113以及线性偏振器116。液晶元件114和聚合物113设置在第一基板111和第二基板112之间。液晶元件114可以悬浮在聚合物层113中并且可以形成聚合物基体。聚合物基体中的液晶元件114可以是各向异性聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)或聚合物稳定液晶(PSLC)膜。
线性偏振器116可以是二向色或线栅线性的，并可设置在第一层111之前。第二可调式膜装置120还可以包括呈偏振旋转器形式的第二类调谐器125。第二类调谐器125可设置在线性偏振器116和第一层111之间。第二可调膜装置120可以被配置为通过线性偏振器116接收光或激光。
偏振旋转器可以是铁电液晶、柔性电胆甾型液晶或向列型液晶当中的一种。当在偏振旋转器上施加交变电场以提供时间平均化去相干时，偏振旋转器可以引入时间平均化，从而控制入射到聚合物分散液晶元件114上的入射光的偏振。在偏振旋转器上驱动波形至高于刷新速率。
图2示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的用作屏幕的可调式膜装置的图示。参考图2，第一示意图200示出了可调式膜装置210被嵌入在用于显示由激光投影仪205生成的图像的显示器中或显示器的部分中。可调式膜装置210可以是第一可调式膜装置110或第二可调式膜装置120中的一者。具有偏振器和玻璃表面的可调式膜装置210的侧面可以面向激光投影仪205。可调式膜装置210被配置为对由激光投影仪205生成和投影的激光进行时间平均化，从而改变光漫射角。显示器可以将激光投影仪205的投影反射到观看者221可观看的位置，或者将激光投影仪205的投影传输到观看者220可观看的位置。
图3示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的置于屏幕前方的可调式膜装置的图示。
参考图3，第二图300示出了可调式膜装置210邻近显示器或屏幕310设置，显示器或屏幕用于显示由激光投影仪205生成的图像。具有偏振器和玻璃表面的可调式膜装置210的侧面可以面向激光投影仪205。可调式膜装置210被配置为对由激光投影仪205生成和投影的激光进行时间平均化，从而改变光漫射角。显示器310可以将激光投影仪205的投影反射到观看者221可观看的位置，或者将激光投影仪205的投影传输到观看者220可观看的位置。
图4示出了根据示例性实施例的一方面的置于屏幕和激光投影仪之间的可调谐膜装置的图示。
参照图4，第三示意图400示出了可调式膜装置210设置在显示器(用于显示激光投影仪205所生成的图像)或屏幕310和激光投影仪205之间。具有偏振器和玻璃表面的可调式膜装置210的侧面可以面向激光投影仪205。可调式膜装置210被配置为对由激光投影仪205生成和投影的激光进行时间平均化，从而改变光漫射角。显示器310可以将激光投影仪205的投影反射到观看者221可观看的位置，或者将激光投影仪205的投影传输到观看者220可观看的位置。
图5示出了带斑点的图像和没有斑点的理想图像的示例。
参考图5，第一图像501示出了在光或激光被大气扰动或粗糙表面漫射时所引起的斑点的结果。如501所示，图像上出现黑点，这导致了图像质量差。与图像501相比，图像502示出了阴影干净清晰且没有斑点或黑点的理想图像。
以上参考附图描述了一个或多个示例性实施例。上述示例性实施例应该仅被认为是描述性的意义，而不是为了限制的目的。而且，在不脱离由所附权利要求限定的本发明构思的精神和范围的情况下，可以修改示例性实施例。

Claims (10)

1.一种可调式膜装置，所述装置包括：
第一层和第二层；
线性偏振器，设置在所述第一层之前；
液晶元件，设置在所述第一层和所述第二层之间；以及
调谐器，被配置为引起通过所述线性偏振器接收到的光的时间平均化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述第一层和所述第二层包括玻璃或塑料基底。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置，其中，为引起时间平均化而施加的电场的频率大于显示器的刷新频率，所述显示器被配置为接收通过所述液晶元件传输的光。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述液晶元件包括各向异性聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)膜或聚合物稳定液晶(PSLC)膜。
5.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述调谐器包括被配置成生成所述电场的偏振旋转器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置，其中，所述偏振旋转器设置在所述第一层和所述线性偏振器之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中，所述偏振旋转器包括铁电液晶、柔性电胆甾型液晶或向列型液晶当中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，当所述偏振旋转器处于激活时，所述偏振旋转器引起通过所述线性偏振器接收到的光的漫射角的改变。
9.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述第二层包括磨砂玻璃漫射器。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述磨砂玻璃漫射器包括面向所述液晶元件的粗糙侧和与所述粗糙侧相对的光滑侧。
CN201910463035.1A 2018-09-04 2019-05-30 可调式膜装置 Active CN110873975B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/120,641 US10816816B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Tunable film apparatus
US16/120641 2018-09-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110873975A true CN110873975A (zh) 2020-03-10
CN110873975B CN110873975B (zh) 2022-06-21

Family

ID=69527419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910463035.1A Active CN110873975B (zh) 2018-09-04 2019-05-30 可调式膜装置

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10816816B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN110873975B (zh)
DE (1) DE102019114629B4 (zh)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11454813B2 (en) 2019-11-07 2022-09-27 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Holographic display systems with polarization correction and distortion reduction providing enhanced image quality
US11016308B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2021-05-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Nanoparticle doped liquid crystal device for laser speckle reduction
US11480789B2 (en) 2020-08-27 2022-10-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Speckle-reduced direct-retina holographic projector including multiple spatial light modulators
US12001168B2 (en) 2020-09-30 2024-06-04 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Holographic projectors including size correction and alignment of beams having different wavelengths of light
US11833901B2 (en) 2020-10-12 2023-12-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC System and method for adjusting a location and distortion of an image projected onto a windshield of a vehicle by a head-up display
US11880036B2 (en) 2021-07-19 2024-01-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Control of ambient light reflected from pupil replicator

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4444469A (en) * 1979-06-05 1984-04-24 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Narrow band rejection filter utilizing a liquid crystal cell
US5119216A (en) * 1987-12-10 1992-06-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Electro-optical device
US20040061939A1 (en) * 2002-09-18 2004-04-01 Bievenour Torrey M. Optically active color filter
DE102007021331A1 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laseranzeigevorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildprojektion
CN101370426A (zh) * 2006-01-20 2009-02-18 通用医疗公司 利用对光学相干断层扫描的波阵面调制来提供散斑减少的系统、装置和过程
CN101828132A (zh) * 2007-10-16 2010-09-08 朗讯科技公司 使用可调液态透镜的斑点减弱
CN101923186A (zh) * 2010-09-10 2010-12-22 福建师范大学 具有消除激光散斑功能的投影系统
CN102169239A (zh) * 2010-02-26 2011-08-31 康宁股份有限公司 激光投影系统中的斑点图案置乱
US20120206782A1 (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-08-16 Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited Device for reducing speckle effect in a display system
US20130033588A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2013-02-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Three-dimensional image display apparatus, display system, driving method, driving apparatus, display controlling method, display controlling apparatus, program, and computer-readable recording medium
CN204855957U (zh) * 2015-07-30 2015-12-09 长春理工大学 一种用于激光显示中消除散斑的液晶棱镜片
CN108051976A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-18 深圳市时代华影科技股份有限公司 可消除散斑的激光投影装置与系统

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03240024A (ja) * 1990-02-19 1991-10-25 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd メモリー性強誘電性液晶表示素子
FR2690762B1 (fr) * 1992-04-30 1995-02-17 Samsung Electronic Devices Pellicule de compensation de retard de phase optique.
EP0742940A4 (en) 1994-01-31 1998-09-30 Sdl Inc LASER-LIGHTED DISPLAY SYSTEM
US5726723A (en) * 1996-01-31 1998-03-10 Technology Research International Corporation Sub-twisted nematic liquid crystal display
EP1387210A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-04 Eastman Kodak Company Compensator layer and liquid crystal cell with such a layer
US7370972B2 (en) 2003-12-24 2008-05-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Two-dimensional image display device
WO2008030622A2 (en) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-13 Chemimage Corporation Temperature compensation in liquid crystal tunable filters
US20080084522A1 (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-10 Chung Yuan Christian University Liquid Crystal Device with Stratified Phase-separated Composite and Method for Forming the Same
JP5691467B2 (ja) 2010-12-10 2015-04-01 旭硝子株式会社 投射型表示装置
US8567957B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2013-10-29 Microvision, Inc. Active polarization switch for speckle reduction in laser projection sources
JP2015511329A (ja) * 2012-01-31 2015-04-16 アルファマイクロン インコーポレイテッド 電子的調光可能光学装置
JP2016218181A (ja) 2015-05-18 2016-12-22 ホシデン株式会社 レーザ光を用いた投射装置及び該投射装置を用いたヘッドアップディスプレイ
JP2017076044A (ja) 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 ホシデン株式会社 レーザ光を用いた投射型表示装置及び該投射型表示装置を用いた車載用ヘッドアップディスプレイ
GB2553147A (en) 2016-08-26 2018-02-28 Univ Oxford Innovation Ltd Speckle reduction
US10678057B2 (en) * 2017-05-17 2020-06-09 Facebook Technologies, Llc Liquid crystal cells for polarization rotation
US20200073138A1 (en) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Tunable film apparatus

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4444469A (en) * 1979-06-05 1984-04-24 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Narrow band rejection filter utilizing a liquid crystal cell
US5119216A (en) * 1987-12-10 1992-06-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Electro-optical device
US20040061939A1 (en) * 2002-09-18 2004-04-01 Bievenour Torrey M. Optically active color filter
CN101370426A (zh) * 2006-01-20 2009-02-18 通用医疗公司 利用对光学相干断层扫描的波阵面调制来提供散斑减少的系统、装置和过程
DE102007021331A1 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laseranzeigevorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildprojektion
CN101828132A (zh) * 2007-10-16 2010-09-08 朗讯科技公司 使用可调液态透镜的斑点减弱
CN102169239A (zh) * 2010-02-26 2011-08-31 康宁股份有限公司 激光投影系统中的斑点图案置乱
US20130033588A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2013-02-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Three-dimensional image display apparatus, display system, driving method, driving apparatus, display controlling method, display controlling apparatus, program, and computer-readable recording medium
CN101923186A (zh) * 2010-09-10 2010-12-22 福建师范大学 具有消除激光散斑功能的投影系统
US20120206782A1 (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-08-16 Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited Device for reducing speckle effect in a display system
CN204855957U (zh) * 2015-07-30 2015-12-09 长春理工大学 一种用于激光显示中消除散斑的液晶棱镜片
CN108051976A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-18 深圳市时代华影科技股份有限公司 可消除散斑的激光投影装置与系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10816816B2 (en) 2020-10-27
US20200073139A1 (en) 2020-03-05
DE102019114629B4 (de) 2024-07-25
DE102019114629A1 (de) 2020-03-05
CN110873975B (zh) 2022-06-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110873975B (zh) 可调式膜装置
US10725228B2 (en) Electronic device display with switchable film structures
CN107636517B (zh) 视角可切换的液晶显示装置及视角切换方法
CN110780477A (zh) 一种液晶显示屏、其显示方法及显示装置
US9581749B2 (en) Lighting unit, display, and three-dimensional display
WO2016195786A1 (en) Electronic device display with switchable film structures
US10845648B2 (en) Switching mirror panel and switching mirror device
US20210325737A1 (en) Display panel, display apparatus and anti-peeping method
WO2016049960A1 (zh) 液晶显示装置
CN101169519A (zh) 显示装置
US20190302523A1 (en) Display device
CN111948839A (zh) 显示装置及其驱动方法
US8456596B2 (en) Transparent display device and displaying method using the same
JP3479493B2 (ja) 表示素子
JP2004354645A (ja) 液晶表示パネル及びそれを用いた液晶表示装置
TWI455104B (zh) 藍相液晶顯示裝置及其驅動方法
CN111766975A (zh) 一种触控面板及触控显示装置
JP2009122586A (ja) 表示装置
CN109212817B (zh) 广视角显示装置
JP2007047206A (ja) 光学シート、電界制御型パネル、照明装置、液晶表示装置、および光学シートの製造方法
JP6959742B2 (ja) 液晶表示装置、および、液晶モジュール
JP4619742B2 (ja) 液晶表示装置
JP2015118301A (ja) 液晶表示装置
KR101274027B1 (ko) 표시패널 및 이를 갖는 표시장치
KR101256017B1 (ko) 표시패널 어셈블리 및 이를 갖는 표시장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant