CN110873024A - Vertical axis wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical axis wind generating set, comprising: a spindle having a central axis extending in a first direction; the generating set is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft, the central axis of the generating set extends along the first direction, the generating set comprises more than two generators which are stacked in the first direction, and a wind turbine is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the generating set and used for driving the generating set to rotate and generate electricity. The invention improves the generating efficiency and generating power of the vertical axis wind generating set by stacking more than two generators on the periphery of the main shaft vertical to the horizontal plane.

Description

Vertical axis wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a vertical axis wind power generator set.

Background technique

In the field of wind power generation, super-large and super-large units of dozens of MW level or above will be the future development trend, while vertical axis wind turbines have less transverse shear force on the tower due to their small wind rotors. Under certain circumstances, the wind rotor of the vertical axis wind turbine can be made higher and larger than the horizontal axis wind turbine, thereby improving its power generation efficiency and power generation.

At present, there is no mass-produced, cost-effective, high-reliability large or even extra-large wind turbine in use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large or even extra large vertical axis wind power generating set with high cost performance and high reliability.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind power generator set, which includes: a main shaft with a central axis extending along a first direction; a generator set sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft and the central axis of the generator set extending along the first direction , the generator set includes two or more generators stacked in the first direction, and a wind turbine is further provided on the outer peripheral side of the generator set, which is used to drive the generator set to rotate and generate electricity.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, each generator includes a stator and a rotor, the stators of the two or more generators are stacked and fixed on the main shaft, and a wind turbine is provided on the outer peripheral side of each rotor, so that under the action of wind power, a wind turbine is provided. The rotor is driven to rotate relative to the stator, so that each generator generates electricity independently.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral side of the rotor is provided with a mounting lug extending outward along its own radial direction, the wind turbine includes a blade and a guide rod that supports the blade along its own axial direction, and the guide rod is pivoted with the mounting lug A shaft is connected to rotatably connect the wind turbine to the rotor.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, each generator further includes a first driving device, and the output end of the first driving device is connected to the guide rod for controlling the guide rod to drive the blades to rotate to adjust the rotation angle of the wind turbine.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, each generator further includes a braking device for controlling the rotor of each generator to stop rotating.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbines of two or more generators are in a one-to-one correspondence along the first direction and form a wind turbine group, and the guide rods of the wind turbine group are connected in series along the first direction to form a guide rod group One or both ends of the generator set along its own axial direction is provided with a pitch drive mechanism, the pitch drive mechanism is correspondingly arranged with the wind turbine group, and the rotation angle of the wind turbine group is adjusted by controlling the rotation of the guide rod group.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the generator set further includes a braking device, and the braking device controls the generator set to stop rotating by controlling the rotor of any generator in the generator set to stop rotating.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the vertical axis wind turbine generator set further includes a top power generation device located above the generator set and connected in series with the generator set, the top power generation device includes a generator, the stator of the generator is fixed on the main shaft, and the generator Curved blades are provided on the outer peripheral side of the rotor.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the vertical axis wind turbine further includes a cover disposed on the top of the main shaft, the cover includes a first face shield coaxially disposed with the main shaft and a second face cover openable and closable with the first face cover.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the second mask is disposed coaxially with the first mask, the first mask is provided with a second driving device, and the second driving device and the second mask are movably connected along the first direction, or, the first The two driving devices are rotatably connected with the second mask in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, so that the second mask is automatically opened or closed relative to the first mask.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, when the vertical axis wind power generating set includes a top power generation device located above the power generating set and connected in series with the power generating set, the curved blades on the outer circumference side of the rotor of the generator of the top power generating device are integrated with the first mask forming arrangement; alternatively, the curved blade is rotatably arranged with respect to the circumferential direction of the first mask.

According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the top power generating device further includes a braking device, and the braking device is used to control the rotor of the generator to stop rotating.

According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, each generator includes a bearing, the rotor is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the stator, the outer ring of the bearing is connected to the rotor, and the inner ring of the bearing and the stator are fixed on the main shaft; or, the stator is sleeved on the main shaft. On the outer peripheral side of the rotor, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the stator, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the rotor.

According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the stator includes more than two stator segments arranged in the circumferential direction of the main shaft, and two adjacent stator segments are connected by a stator fixing plate; and/or the rotor includes circumferentially arranged stator segments. There are two or more rotor segments, and the adjacent two rotor segments are connected by the rotor fixing plate; wherein, when the stator includes more than two stator segments and the rotor includes more than two rotor segments, each adjacent rotor segment is A rotor segment is correspondingly provided at the intersection of the two stator segments, and the rotor segment is partially stacked with the adjacent two stator segments.

According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the main shaft is provided as a hollow cylindrical structure, a wiring hole is provided on the main shaft at a position corresponding to each generator, and a passage hole is provided at a position corresponding to each bearing.

According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the vertical axis wind turbine generator set further includes a tower, and the tower frame includes a support platform for supporting the generator set; a lifting device is further arranged in the tower frame, and the traction rope of the lifting device is fixed on the support platform, A ladder is arranged in the main shaft; or, the traction rope of the lifting device is fixed on the top of the main shaft.

The vertical axis wind power generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention improves the power generation efficiency and power generation of the vertical axis wind power generator set by stacking two or more generators on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft installed perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

Description of drawings

Features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of a generator and bearing of the vertical axis wind turbine shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the generator shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a section of main shaft of the vertical axis wind power generating set shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the partial structure schematic diagram of the tower of the vertical axis wind power generating set shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial structure diagram of another vertical axis wind power generator set provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

in:

10-spindle; 11-wiring hole; 12-pass hole; 13-climbing ladder;

20-generator set; 21-generator; 211-stator of generator 21; 211a-stator segment; 212-rotor of generator 21; 212a-rotor segment; 215-rotor fixing plate; 22-bearing; 221-outer ring of bearing 22; 222-inner ring of bearing 22; 23-wind turbine; 231-blade; 232-guide rod;

30-cover; 31-first mask; 32-second mask; 40-tower; 42-lifting device; 43-exit door; 50-pitch drive mechanism; 60-top power generation device; 61-top power generation device Generator; 62 - Curved blade; 63 - Bearing of the top power generation device.

In the drawings, the same components are given the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

Detailed ways

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the invention are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; and, the dimensions of some structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the features, structures or characteristics described below may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

The orientation words appearing in the following description are all the directions shown in the figures, and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the vertical axis wind turbine provided by the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.

In order to better understand the present invention, the vertical axis wind power generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together. An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind power generator set, which includes a main shaft 10 and a generator set 20 .

The main shaft 10 has a central axis extending in the first direction X. When the main shaft 10 is assembled to the wind power generation site, its first direction X is the vertical direction.

The generator set 20 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft 10 and the central axis of the generator set 20 extends along the first direction X. The generator set 20 includes two or more generators 21 stacked in the first direction X. The outer peripheral side is further provided with a wind turbine 23 for driving the generator set 20 to rotate and generate electricity. Since the space in the first direction X is not limited, the generator set 20 can be stacked with as many generators 21 as possible to improve the overall power generation and power generation efficiency of the set.

The vertical axis wind power generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention improves the power generation efficiency and power generation of the vertical axis wind power generator set by stacking two or more generators 21 on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft 10 installed perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

The specific structure of each component of the vertical axis wind power generating set will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 again, each generator 21 includes a stator 211 and a rotor 212 , the stators 211 of two or more generators 21 are stacked and fixed on the main shaft 10 , and a wind turbine 23 is provided on the outer peripheral side of each rotor 212 , so as to drive the rotor 212 to rotate relative to the stator 211 under the action of the wind, so that each generator 21 generates electricity independently.

Further, the outer peripheral side of the rotor 212 of each generator 21 is provided with a mounting lug 213 extending outward in its own radial direction. The wind turbine 23 includes a blade 231 and a guide rod 232 that supports the blade 231 along its own axial direction. The rod 232 is pivotally connected with the mounting tabs 213 to rotatably connect the wind turbine 23 to the rotor 212 .

The wind turbines 23 of two or more generators 21 are in one-to-one correspondence along the first direction X to form a wind turbine group, and the guide rods 232 of the wind turbine groups are connected in series along the first direction X to form a guide rod group. The generator set 20 is provided with a pitch drive mechanism 50 at one or both ends along its own axial direction. The pitch drive mechanism 50 is correspondingly arranged with the wind turbine group, and the rotation angle of the wind turbine group is adjusted by controlling the rotation of the guide rod group. .

For example, when the wind force is relatively high, the windward angle of each blade 231 in the wind turbine group can be reduced; when the wind force is relatively small, the windward angle of each blade 231 in the wind turbine group can be increased, so as to control the amount of wind absorbed by the wind turbine group. The mechanical energy ensures that the maximum energy corresponding to the rated power of the generator set 20 is obtained. The pitch driving mechanism 50 may be hydraulically driven to control the rotation of the guide rod group, and may also be implemented by other methods such as electric driving, which will not be described again.

Preferably, more than two wind turbines 23 and mounting lugs 213 are provided at intervals on the outer circumference side of the rotor 212 of each generator 21, such as but not limited to the three shown in FIG. The rod 232 is pivotally connected with the mounting lugs 213, so that the generator set 20 forms more than two guide rod sets and wind turbine sets along its own circumferential direction, and the number of the pitch drive mechanisms 50 is more than two, and each pitch drive The mechanism 50 drives a guide rod group to adjust the rotation angle of each wind turbine group, so that more than two wind turbines 23 on each generator 21 accumulate wind energy together, thereby driving the rotor 212 of the entire generator group 20 to rotate to co-generate.

In addition, when the vertical axis wind turbine is in a non-working state, for example, during initial lifting and assembly or failure maintenance, the pitch drive mechanism 50 can adjust the angle of the wind turbine set so that the windward side of the blade 231 faces the windward side of the generator 21. The rotor 212 forms an annular protective wall on the outer peripheral side of the generator 21 , which reduces the impact of the wind on the generator set and improves the reliability of the generator set 20 .

Since the pitch drive mechanism 50 generally controls the rotation angle of the wind turbines 23 of the generators 21 in the generator set 20 , the generators 21 can generate electricity together, thereby generating the maximum energy corresponding to the rated power of the generator set 20 .

As an optional embodiment, each generator 21 may include a first drive device (not shown in the figure), and the output end of the first drive device is connected to the guide rod 232 for controlling the guide rod 232 to drive the blades 231 Rotate to adjust the rotation angle of the wind turbine 23 . For example, when the wind force is large, the windward angle of each blade 231 can be reduced; when the wind force is small, the windward angle of each blade 231 can be increased, thereby controlling the mechanical energy absorbed by the wind turbine 23 of each generator 21 and ensuring that The maximum energy corresponding to the rated power of each generator 21 is obtained.

Since the rotation angle of the wind turbine 23 of each generator 21 can be controlled independently, each generator 21 in the generator set 20 can generate electricity independently, and the rotational speed, power generation power and power generation efficiency of each generator 21 can be the same, or different. In particular, when a certain generator 21 in the generator set 20 is damaged, the operation of other generators 21 will not be affected, and the power generation efficiency and control flexibility of the generator set 20 are improved.

Further, each generator 21 includes a bearing 22, and the generator 21 can be an inner stator and an outer rotor structure, that is, the rotor 212 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the stator 211, the outer ring 221 of the bearing 22 is connected to the rotor 212, and the outer ring 221 of the bearing 22 is connected to the rotor 212. The inner ring 222 and the stator 211 are fixed on the main shaft 10 , and the wind turbine 23 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 212 , as shown in FIG. 2 .

In addition, the generator 21 can also have an outer stator and inner rotor structure, that is, the stator 211 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor 212 , the outer ring 221 of the bearing 22 is fixed to the stator 211 , and the inner ring 222 of the bearing 22 is connected to the rotor 212 . At the same time, the height dimension of the rotor 212 in the axial direction is larger than that of the stator 211 , so that the mounting lugs 213 can be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 212 higher than the stator 211 , so that the wind turbine 23 can be disposed on the rotor through the mounting lugs 213 212 Peripheral side.

For the convenience of description, the generator 21 having an inner stator and an outer rotor structure is taken as an example for description below.

Referring to FIG. 3 , each generator 21 of the generator set 20 may adopt a modular structure, wherein the rotor 212 includes a winding structure or a permanent magnet structure, and the stator 211 includes a winding structure and lead wires, and the lead wires are connected to the converter. Due to the large diameter of the generators 21, in order to facilitate the lifting assembly and maintenance and replacement, the rotor 212 of each generator 21 can be assembled by segmented splicing, or the stator 211 of each generator 21 can be assembled by segmented splicing, or The rotor 212 and the stator 211 are respectively assembled by splicing and splicing.

Specifically, the stator 211 includes two or more stator segments 211 a arranged along the circumferential direction of the main shaft 10 , and two adjacent stator segments 211 a are connected by a stator fixing plate 214 .

The rotor 212 includes two or more rotor segments 212 a arranged in the circumferential direction, and two adjacent rotor segments 212 a are connected by a rotor fixing plate 215 .

Wherein, when the stator 211 includes more than two stator segments 211a and the rotor 212 includes more than two rotor segments 212a, a rotor segment 212a is correspondingly provided at the intersection of each adjacent two stator segments 211a, In addition, the rotor segment 212a and the adjacent two stator segments 211a are partially stacked, thereby improving the structural stability of the generator 21 .

In addition, the vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention is further provided with a braking device (not shown in the figure), and when a generator 21 in the generator set 20 fails, the braking device can control the generator set 20 or a certain generator set 20. Each generator 21 stops rotating.

Specifically, when the generator set 20 is provided with a pitch drive mechanism 50 at one or both ends along its axial direction, the braking device controls the generator set 20 to stop by controlling the rotor 212 of any generator 21 in the generator set 20 to stop rotating. turn. For example, the braking device may be provided at the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing 22 of any generator 21 which is matched with the rotor 212 . Since the guide rods 232 of the generator set 20 are connected in series with each other and the rotation angle of the wind turbine set is generally controlled by the pitch drive mechanism 50, when one or several generators 21 in the generator set 20 fail, the The pitch drive mechanism 50 controls the rotation angle of the wind turbine set to make its windward angle turn to the minimum, and then the brake device controls the bearing 22 of any generator 21 in the generator set 20 to stop rotating, and other generators in the generator set 20. 21 also stopped rotating. The operator can start the generator set 20 again after repairing the damaged generator 21 to continue generating electricity. If the generator 21 is seriously damaged, the generator 21 can also be bypassed, and the guide rods 232 of the remaining generators 21 can be connected in series to each other and then controlled by the pitch drive mechanism 50 as a whole to avoid damage to one or several generators. The damage of 21 affects the work of the entire generator set 20 .

When each generator 21 includes a first driving device, the rotation angle of the wind turbine 23 of each generator 21 is individually controlled by the first driving device, and each generator 21 further includes a braking device, and the braking device is used to control each The rotor 212 of each generator 21 stops rotating. For example, the braking device may be provided at the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing 22 of each generator 21 which is matched with the rotor 212 . By controlling the bearing 22 of one or more damaged generators 21 to stop rotating, the corresponding generator 21 is controlled to stop rotating, so that the damage of one or more generators 21 can avoid affecting the operation of the entire generator set 20 .

Referring to FIG. 1 again, the vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a cover 30 disposed on the top of the main shaft 10. The cover 30 is used to block foreign objects and prevent foreign objects such as dust and rain from entering the generator set 20 and affecting the generator set. The service life of the generator set 20 is improved, and the reliability of the generator set 20 is improved.

The outer cover 30 includes a first mask 31 coaxially arranged with the generator set 20 and a second mask 32 arranged to be openable and closable with the first mask 31 . According to the chimney principle, after the second mask 32 is opened, an air duct can be formed inside the vertical axis wind turbine, so as to cool and dissipate the components such as the generator 21 and the bearing 22 in the generator set 20, which further improves the reliability of the generator set 20. sex.

Preferably, the second mask 32 can be arranged coaxially with the first mask 31 , a second driving device is provided in the first mask 31 , and the first mask 31 and the second mask 32 can move along the first direction X through the second driving device and the second mask 32 Connection, or, the first mask 31 is rotatably connected with the second mask 32 through the second driving device around the direction perpendicular to the first direction X, so that the second mask 32 is automatically opened or closed relative to the first mask 31, which is convenient for the unit. Timely cooling.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the main shaft 10 is set as a hollow cylindrical structure, and can be set in sections so as to correspond to each group of generators 21 respectively. When the power of the generator set 20 is relatively small, it can also be set as a whole without limitation.

A wiring hole 11 is provided on the main shaft 10 at a position corresponding to each generator 21 , so as to facilitate the arrangement of cables of the generator 21 . The main shaft 10 is provided with a passage hole 12 at a position corresponding to each bearing 22, and a ladder 13 is arranged in the main shaft 10, which is convenient for operators to pass through the passage hole 12 and use the ladder 13 to repair components such as generator 21 or bearing 22, etc. Replacement and other related work.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the vertical axis wind power generator further includes a tower 40 , and the tower 40 may be formed by overlapping a plurality of metal pipes, for example but not limited to, so as to reduce the weight of the tower 40 . The tower 40 includes a support platform 41 for supporting the generator set 20 , a lifting device 42 is arranged in the tower 40 , and an access door 43 is arranged on the tower 40 .

The traction rope of the lifting device 42 is fixed on the support platform 41 , and the lifting device 42 can run up and down in the tower 40 , which is convenient for maintenance personnel to enter the tower 40 through the exit door 43 , and then ride the lifting device 42 to the supporting platform 41 , and then enter the main shaft 10 . Inside, the various components of the unit are inspected and maintained through the ladder 13, which reduces the maintenance cost and shortens the maintenance time.

As an optional embodiment, the traction rope of the lifting device can also be fixed on the top of the main shaft 10, and the lifting device can run up and down in the tower 40 and the main shaft 10, thereby eliminating the need for the ladder 13 in the main shaft 10, reducing the need for Climbing time for maintenance personnel, improving work efficiency.

Therefore, in the vertical axis wind turbine generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention, since the space in the vertical direction is not limited, the generator set 20 can be stacked with as many generators as possible under the condition that the bearing requirements of the tower 40 are met. 21, so as to improve the overall power generation and power generation efficiency of the unit. In addition, the vertical axis wind turbine has a compact overall structure and high reliability.

Referring to FIG. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides another vertical axis wind turbine, which is similar in structure to the vertical axis wind turbine shown in FIG. 1, except that the vertical axis wind turbine further includes The top power generation device 60 is above the generator set 20 and connected in series with the generator set 20 . The top power generator 60 includes a generator 61 and a curved blade 62 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor of the generator.

Since the space above the top power generating device 60 is not limited, the curved blades 62 can be designed to be larger to accumulate wind energy as much as possible. In addition, the curved blades 62 can be integrally formed with the first mask 31, and the rotor of the generator 61 is driven to rotate through a switching mechanism (not shown in the figure), thereby converting wind energy into kinetic energy to drive the generator 61 to rotate to generate electricity.

As an optional embodiment, the curved blades 62 can also be rotatably arranged relative to the circumferential direction of the first mask 31, so as to adaptively adjust the angle of attack of the curved blades 62 according to the magnitude of the wind force, so as to control the absorption of the curved blades 62. The mechanical energy is guaranteed to obtain the maximum energy corresponding to the rated power of the generator.

In addition, the top power generating device 60 further includes a bearing 63. Similar in structure to the generator 21 of the aforementioned generator set 20, the generator 61 of the top power generating device 60 may be an inner stator and an outer rotor structure, and the outer ring of the bearing 63 is connected to the generator 61. The rotor is connected, and the inner ring of the bearing 63 and the stator of the generator 61 are fixed on the main shaft 10 . The generator 61 can also be an outer stator and an inner rotor structure, the outer ring of the bearing 63 and the stator of the generator 61 are fixed on the main shaft 10, the inner ring of the bearing 63 is connected with the rotor of the generator 61, and the height of the rotor along the axial direction The dimension is larger than the height dimension of the stator, so that the curved blade 62 can be provided on the outer peripheral side of the portion of the rotor higher than the stator.

In addition, the top power generating device 60 further includes a braking device for controlling the rotor of the generator 61 to stop rotating. For example, the braking device may be provided at the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing 63 of the generator 61 which is matched with the rotor. Wiring holes 11 may also be provided on the main shaft 10 at positions corresponding to the generator 61 , and passage holes 12 may be provided at positions corresponding to the bearings 63 . In order to facilitate hoisting assembly and maintenance and replacement, the rotor and stator of the generator 61 can also be assembled by segmented splicing, which will not be repeated here.

Therefore, the vertical axis wind power generator set provided by the embodiment of the present invention can further utilize the space in the vertical direction, and design the size of the curved blade 62 to be larger, so that the wind energy can be more likely to be accumulated, and the generator 61 can be rotated to drive the generator 61 to rotate. Power generation, the overall structure is more compact. The top power generation device 60 may generate power independently, or may jointly generate power with the generator set 20 .

While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for parts thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (16)

1. a vertical axis wind turbine, is characterized in that, comprises: a main shaft (10) having a central axis extending along the first direction (X); A generator set (20) is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft (10), the central axis of the generator set (20) extends along the first direction (X), and the generator set (20) is included in the Two or more generators (21) are arranged in layers in the first direction (X), and a wind turbine (23) is further provided on the outer peripheral side of the generator set (20) for driving the generator set (20). ) turns and generates electricity. 2. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, each of the generators (21) comprises a stator (211) and a rotor (212), and the two or more generators (21) The stator (211) is stacked and fixed on the main shaft (10), and the wind turbine (23) is provided on the outer peripheral side of each rotor (212) to drive the rotor under the action of the wind (212) rotates relative to the stator (211) so that each of the generators (21) individually generates electricity. 3 . The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2 , wherein the outer peripheral side of the rotor ( 212 ) is provided with mounting ears ( 213 ) extending radially outwardly of itself, and the wind turbine (23) comprising a blade (231) and a guide rod (232) supporting the blade (231) in its own axial direction, the guide rod (232) being pivotally connected with the mounting lugs (213) so that all The wind turbine (23) is rotatably connected to the rotor (212). 4. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that, each of the generators (21) further comprises a first drive device, the output end of the first drive device and the guide rod ( 232) is connected to control the guide rod (232) to drive the blade (231) to rotate, so as to adjust the rotation angle of the wind turbine (23). 5. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, each of the generators (21) further comprises a braking device, and the braking device is used to control the speed of each of the generators (21). The rotor (212) stops rotating. 6 . The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 3 , wherein the wind turbines ( 23 ) of the two or more generators ( 21 ) are along the first direction (X) one by one. 7 . Corresponding to and forming a wind turbine group, the guide rods (232) of the wind turbine group are connected in series along the first direction (X) to form a guide rod group; One end or both ends of the generator set (20) along its own axial direction is provided with a pitch drive mechanism (50), the pitch drive mechanism (50) is correspondingly arranged with the wind turbine group, and is configured by controlling the The rotation of the guide rod group adjusts the rotation angle of the wind turbine group. 7. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that, the generator set (20) further comprises a braking device, and the braking device generates electricity by controlling any one of the generator sets (20). The rotor (212) of the generator (21) stops rotating to control the generator set (20) to stop rotating. 8. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 1, wherein the vertical axis wind power generator set further comprises a top located above the generator set (20) and connected in series with the generator set (20). A power generating device (60), the top power generating device (60) comprises a generator (61), the stator of the generator (61) is fixed on the main shaft (10), the outer circumference of the rotor of the generator (61) The sides are provided with curved blades (62). 9. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, the vertical axis wind power generator set further comprises an outer cover (30) arranged on the top of the main shaft (10), the outer cover (30) ) comprises a first face shield (31) coaxially arranged with the main shaft (10) and a second face shield (32) which can be opened and closed with the first face shield (31). 10 . The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 9 , wherein the second mask ( 32 ) and the first mask ( 31 ) are arranged coaxially, and the first mask ( 31 ) is arranged inside the There is a second driving device, and the first mask (31) is movably connected with the second mask (32) along the first direction (X) through the second driving device, or, the first mask (31) is rotatably connected with the second mask (32) around the direction perpendicular to the first direction (X) through the second driving device, so that the second mask (32) is relative to the The first mask (31) is automatically opened or closed. 11. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 9, characterized in that when the vertical axis wind power generator set comprises a top end located above the generator set (20) and connected in series with the generator set (20) In the case of a power generating device (60), the curved blade (62) on the outer circumference side of the rotor of the generator (61) of the top power generating device (60) is integrally formed with the first mask (31); or, The curved blade (62) is rotatably arranged relative to the circumferential direction of the first mask (31). 12. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 11, wherein the top power generating device (60) further comprises a braking device, and the braking device is used to control the rotor of the generator (61). Stop turning. 13. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 2 or 8, wherein each of the generators (21, 61) comprises a bearing (22, 63), and the rotor (212) is sleeved on the On the outer peripheral side of the stator (211), the outer ring (221) of the bearing (22, 63) is connected to the rotor (212), and the inner ring (222) of the bearing (22, 63) is connected to the stator (211) is fixed on the main shaft (10); Alternatively, the stator (211) is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the rotor (212), the outer ring (221) of the bearing (22, 63) is fixed to the stator (211), and the bearing (22, The inner ring (222) of 63) is connected with the rotor (212). 14. The vertical axis wind power generator set according to claim 13, wherein the stator (211) comprises two or more stator segments (211a) arranged along the circumferential direction of the main shaft (10), phase Two adjacent stator segments (211a) are connected by a stator fixing plate (214); and/or, The rotor (212) includes two or more rotor segments (212a) arranged along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent rotor segments (212a) are connected by a rotor fixing plate (215); Wherein, when the stator (211) includes more than two stator segments (211a) and the rotor (212) includes more than two rotor segments (212a), every two adjacent stator segments (212a) One of the rotor segments (212a) is correspondingly disposed at the intersection of the segments (211a), and the rotor segment (212a) is partially stacked with two adjacent stator segments (211a). 15. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 13, characterized in that, the main shaft (10) is provided as a hollow cylindrical structure, and the main shaft (10) corresponds to each of the generators Wiring holes (11) are provided at positions (21, 61), and passage holes (12) are provided at positions corresponding to each of the bearings (22, 63). 16. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the vertical axis wind turbine further comprises a tower (40), the tower (40) comprising a support platform (41) for supporting the generator set (20); A lifting device (42) is further arranged in the tower frame (40), the traction rope of the lifting device (42) is fixed on the support platform (41), and a climbing ladder (41) is arranged in the main shaft (10). 13); or, the traction rope of the lifting device (42) is fixed on the top of the main shaft (10).

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