CN110871278A - Simple automatic lathe's knife rest structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool rest structure of a simple automatic lathe, belonging to the field of cam type automatic lathes and comprising an axial screw pushing mechanism, a radial screw pushing mechanism, a turning tool fixing mechanism and a fixing base; the axial screw pushing mechanism is fixed on the side surface of the lathe through the fixed base, and the radial screw pushing mechanism is connected with the axial screw pushing mechanism and is controlled by the axial screw pushing mechanism to move along the axial direction of a part processed by the lathe; the turning cutter fixing mechanism is connected with the radial screw pushing mechanism and is controlled by the radial screw pushing mechanism to move along the radial direction of the part processed by the lathe, and the turning cutter fixing mechanism is used for fixing a turning cutter; based on current simple and easy automatic lathe improves its knife rest structure, makes simple and easy automatic lathe's a set of knife rest realize the numerical control to through the mode that two sets of screw rods control turning sword marchd, effectual improvement machining precision and low-cost transformation.

Description

A simple automatic lathe tool holder structure

technical field

The invention relates to a tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe, which belongs to the field of cam type automatic lathes.

Background technique

Cam-type automatic lathe is an automatic processing machine tool that controls the processing program through cams. It is widely used in mechanical processing automatic machine tools. It is characterized by fast processing speed, high processing accuracy, automatic feeding, and automatic shutdown after the material is finished. One person can Operates multiple machines. Cam-type automatic lathes are divided into simple automatic lathes and precision automatic lathes.

The simple automatic lathe has one spindle and two sets of tool rests, which are driven by one or two sets of simple cams. It can be fed forward or backward. The processing procedure is simple and the processing accuracy is relatively low. It is a simple alternative to instrument lathes. Automatic lathe.

One of the tool rests of the simple automatic lathe is controlled by the cam through the structure of the arm rod to control its movement direction. The displacement and formation are mainly controlled by the cam. When the machine is changed to make a new product, a cam is required, and the size of the cam-controlled product fluctuates and is unstable; There are many steps in the outer diameter of the product, it is difficult to control the size, the arc slope cannot be done, the accuracy is not enough, and the technicians take too long to adjust the machine, which is a waste of time.

Although there are precision automatic lathes with five sets of tool rests and full CNC precision machining lathes on the market, they all have the problem of high cost and need to be replaced by the whole machine. At present, most small and medium-sized enterprises are using them. There are many simple automatic lathes, and if they are all replaced by CNC lathes or precision automatic lathes with five sets of tool holders, the cost and benefits are not proportional; how to improve the structure of more simple automatic lathes to make them Higher processing progress and lower improvement costs have become the problems faced by most small and medium-sized enterprises in this field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, the present invention is designed, based on the existing simple automatic lathe, the tool rest structure is improved, so that a set of tool rests of the simple automatic lathe can realize numerical control, and the turning tool is controlled by two sets of screws The way of travel can effectively improve the machining accuracy and low-cost transformation.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

The invention discloses a tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe, which comprises an axial screw pushing mechanism, a radial screw pushing mechanism, a turning tool fixing mechanism and a fixing base; the axial screw pushing mechanism is fixed on the side of the lathe through the fixing base, The radial screw push mechanism is connected with the axial screw push mechanism and controlled by it to move along the axial direction of the parts processed by the lathe; the turning tool fixing mechanism is connected with the radial screw push mechanism and controlled by it to move along the radial direction of the parts processed by the lathe , The turning tool fixing mechanism is used to fix the turning tool.

Further, the radial screw pushing mechanism includes a radial control motor, a radial motor shield, a radial motor seat plate, a radial fixing plate, a radial drive screw, a radial slider, a radial sliding table, a radial sliding table, and a radial sliding plate. Rail, radial screw shield, radial screw and radial connection block; the radial motor seat plate is fixed on one side of the radial fixing plate, the radial control motor is fixed on the radial motor seat plate, and the radial motor shield It is connected with the radial motor base plate and is covered outside the radial control motor. The radial drive screw is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the radial control motor through a connector. It is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and radial sliding tables are respectively arranged on the two radial sliding rails. The radial sliding tables are arranged above the radial transmission screw and are respectively connected to each radial sliding table; the radial screw parts are threaded with the radial transmission screw The radial connecting block is provided with a through hole and is sleeved outside the radial transmission screw, the radial connecting block is fixedly connected with the radial screw and the radial sliding table respectively; the radial screw shield is covered on the radial fixing plate The upper part moves with the radial sliding table, and there is a lateral opening on the side of the radial screw shield which is embedded with the radial motor shield; the turning tool fixing mechanism is fixed with the radial sliding table and the radial screw shield by screws.

Further, the front and rear ends of the radial transmission screw are respectively provided with a radial front positioning plate and a radial rear positioning plate, the radial front positioning plate and the radial rear positioning plate are respectively fixed on the radial fixing plate, and the radial transmission screw The radial rear locating plate is rotatably connected to the radial front locating plate; the lower end face of the radial sliding table is provided with a guide chute, and the tops of the radial front locating plate and the radial rear locating plate are respectively embedded in the guide in the chute.

Further, the axial screw pushing mechanism has the same structure as the radial screw pushing mechanism, the axial screw pushing mechanism has an axial fixing plate, and the axial fixing plate is fixedly connected to the machine tool through a fixing base.

Further, the turning tool fixing mechanism includes a tool head holder and a tool holder seat, the tool head holder is used for fixing the turning tool, and the tool head holder is fixed on the radial sliding table of the radial screw pushing mechanism through the tool holder seat.

Further, the axial screw pushing mechanism and the radial screw pushing mechanism respectively have control motors, and the two control motors are respectively electrically connected to the controller, and the controller realizes numerical control.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In this structure, a set of tool rests linked with cams of the simple automatic lathe are replaced, and replaced with a tool rest structure that can realize numerical control control, which can be convenient for novice technicians to operate; instead of the original lathe, it requires full experience Manual calibration and debugging and a lot of time-consuming methods, thus reducing labor costs;

2. In addition, in this tool holder structure, the travel of the turning tool is controlled by the positive and negative rotation of the two sets of screws, which improves the machining accuracy of the simple automatic lathe and reduces the inclination error of the inclined plane from plus or minus 2 degrees to plus or minus 0.5 degrees. , reducing the dimensional error of its machined parts from 10 microns to 5 microns;

3. Finally, due to the reasonable arrangement of the positions of various components in the tool holder structure, the tool holder structure has the characteristics of dustproof, smooth control and stable structure.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an example diagram of the structure of the No. 1 tool holder;

Fig. 2 is the enlarged structure diagram of part A in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a diagram showing the installation and use of the No. 1 tool holder structure.

Reference numerals: 1-tool head holder, 2-tool holder seat, 3-radial screw shield, 4-radial motor seat plate, 5-radial control motor, 6-radial slide table, 7-radial Slide rail, 8-radial fixing plate, 9-axial screw shield, 10-axial sliding table, 11-axial motor shield, 12-axial control motor, 13-axial fixing plate, 14-fixed Base, 15-Radial front positioning plate, 16-Radial drive screw, 17-Axial slider, 18-Side opening, 19-Radial rear positioning plate, 20-Fixing groove, 21-Connector, 22 - Radial thread, 23- Radial connection block, 24- Bar, 25- Lathe.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-3, the tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe of the present invention includes an axial screw pushing mechanism, a radial screw pushing mechanism, a turning tool fixing mechanism and a fixing base 14; the axial screw pushing mechanism passes through The fixed base 14 is fixed on the side of the lathe, and the radial screw push mechanism is connected with the axial screw push mechanism and controlled by it to move along the axial direction of the parts processed by the lathe; the turning tool fixing mechanism is connected with the radial screw push mechanism and is controlled by it. It controls the radial movement of the parts processed by the lathe, and the turning tool fixing mechanism is used to fix the turning tool.

The radial screw push mechanism includes a radial control motor 5, a radial motor shield, a radial motor seat plate 4, a radial fixing plate 8, a radial drive screw 16, a radial slider, a radial sliding table 6, a radial Slide rail 7, radial screw shield 3, radial screw 22 and radial connection block; radial motor seat plate 4 is fixed on one side of radial fixing plate 8, and radial control motor 5 is fixed on the radial motor seat plate 4, the radial motor shield is connected to the radial motor base plate 4 and covers the radial control motor 5, the radial drive screw 16 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the radial control motor 5 through the connector 21, and the two radial The slide rails 7 are arranged on both sides of the radial drive screw 16 and are fixedly connected to the radial fixing plate 8 , and radial slide tables 6 are respectively arranged on the two radial slide rails 7 , and the radial slide tables 6 are arranged on the radial drive screw 16 . The upper part is connected to each radial sliding table 6 respectively; the radial screw 22 is threaded with the radial drive screw 16, the radial connecting block is provided with a through hole and is sleeved outside the radial drive screw 16, and the radial connecting block is respectively It is fixedly connected with the radial screw 22 and the radial sliding table 6; the radial screw shield 3 is covered above the radial fixing plate 8 and moves with the radial sliding table 6, and has a matching diameter on the side of the radial screw shield 3 The lateral opening embedded in the motor shield; the turning tool fixing mechanism is fixed with the radial slide table 6 and the radial screw shield 3 by screws.

A radial front positioning plate 15 and a radial rear positioning plate 19 are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the radial transmission screw 16, and the radial front positioning plate 15 and the radial rear positioning plate 19 are respectively fixed on the radial fixing plate 8, The radial drive screw 16 is rotatably connected to the radial front positioning plate 15 through the radial rear positioning plate 19; a guide chute is provided on the lower end face of the radial sliding table 6, the radial front positioning plate 15 and the radial rear positioning plate 15 are rotatably connected; The tops of the positioning plates 19 are respectively embedded in the guide chute.

The axial screw push mechanism includes an axial control motor 12, an axial motor shield 11, an axial motor seat plate, an axial fixed plate 13, an axial drive screw, an axial slide block 17, an axial slide table 10, an axial The slide rail, the axial screw shield 9, the axial screw and the axial connection block; the axial motor seat plate is fixed on one side of the axial fixing plate 13, the axial control motor 12 is fixed on the axial motor seat plate, and the shaft The motor shield 11 is connected to the axial motor seat plate and is covered outside the axial control motor 12. The axial drive screw is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the axial control motor 12 through the connector 21, and the two axial slide rails are arranged on the shaft. On both sides of the drive screw and fixedly connected with the axial fixing plate 13, axial slides 10 are respectively arranged on the two axial slide rails, and the axial slides 10 are arranged above the axial drive screw and are respectively connected to each axial slide 10; the axial threaded member is threaded with the axial drive screw, the axial connecting block is provided with a through hole and is sleeved outside the axial drive screw, and the axial connecting block is respectively fixed with the axial threaded member and the axial sliding table 10 Connection; the axial screw shield 9 is covered above the axial fixing plate 13 and moves with the axial sliding table 10, and there is a lateral opening on the side of the axial screw shield 9 that is embedded with the axial motor shield 11; turning tool The fixing mechanism is fixed to the axial sliding table 10 and the axial screw shield 9 by screws.

The front and rear ends of the axial drive screw are respectively provided with an axial front positioning plate and an axial rear positioning plate. The axial front positioning plate and the axial rear positioning plate are respectively fixed on the axial fixing plate 13. The axial rear locating plate is rotatably connected to the axial front locating plate; a guide chute is provided on the lower end face of the axial sliding table 10, and the tops of the axial front locating plate and the axial rear locating plate are respectively embedded in the guide. in the chute. The axial fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the machine tool through the fixing base 14 .

The turning tool fixing mechanism includes a tool head holder 1 and a tool holder base 2, the tool head holder 1 is used to fix the turning tool, and the tool head holder 1 is fixed on the radial sliding table 6 of the radial screw pushing mechanism through the tool holder base 2.

The axial-axial control motor 12 and the radial-axial control motor 12 are respectively electrically connected to the controller, and numerical control is realized by the controller. The controller mainly controls the position of the turning tool by controlling the rotational speed of the two control motors.

How to use:

The tool holder structure of the present invention is directly fixed on the lathe instead of being linked with the cam. When refitting, only the original tool holder and its linkage structure with the cam need to be disassembled, and then the replacement can be performed at its installation position; The tool holder structure adopts the numerical control method, which has lower requirements for technicians and higher processing progress, reducing the inclination error of the inclined plane from plus or minus 2 degrees to plus or minus 0.5 degrees, and reducing the size error of its machined parts from 10 degrees The micron is reduced to 5 microns; this method of replacing and modifying the tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe reduces the cost from hundreds of thousands to tens of thousands compared with the replacement of the whole lathe, and the cost savings is similar to that owned by the enterprise. The number of lathes is proportional, and this structure is more universal to small and medium-sized enterprises.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation manner. For those skilled in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe, characterized in that it comprises an axial screw push mechanism, a radial screw push mechanism, a turning tool fixing mechanism and a fixed base (14); the axial screw push mechanism passes through the fixed base (14) Fixed on the side of the lathe, the radial screw push mechanism is connected with the axial screw push mechanism and controlled by it to move along the axial direction of the parts processed by the lathe; the turning tool fixing mechanism is connected with and controlled by the radial screw push mechanism Moving along the radial direction of the parts processed by the lathe, the turning tool fixing mechanism is used to fix the turning tool. 2. The tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein the radial screw pushing mechanism comprises a radial control motor (5), a radial motor shield, and a radial motor seat plate (4). ), radial fixing plate (8), radial drive screw (16), radial slider, radial slide table (6), radial slide rail (7), radial screw shield (3), radial The screw (22) and the radial connecting block; the radial motor seat plate (4) is fixed on one side of the radial fixing plate (8), the radial control motor (5) is fixed on the radial motor seat plate (4), The radial motor shield is connected to the radial motor seat plate (4) and covers the radial control motor (5), and the radial drive screw (16) is connected to the rotating shaft of the radial control motor (5) through the connector (21). Coaxial connection, two radial slide rails (7) are arranged on both sides of the radial drive screw (16) and are fixedly connected to the radial fixing plate (8), and radial slide rails (7) are respectively arranged on the two radial slide rails (7). The platform (6), the radial sliding table (6) is arranged above the radial driving screw (16) and is connected to each radial sliding table (6) respectively; the radial screw (22) is threaded with the radial driving screw (16) The radial connecting block is provided with a through hole and is sleeved outside the radial transmission screw (16), and the radial connecting block is respectively fixedly connected with the radial screw (22) and the radial sliding table (6); The screw shield (3) is covered above the radial fixing plate (8) and moves with the radial sliding table (6), and there is a lateral opening on the side of the radial screw shield (3) that fits into the radial motor shield ;The turning tool mechanism is fixed by screws with the radial slide table (6) and the radial screw shield (3). 3. The tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that a radial front positioning plate (15) and a radial rear positioning plate are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the radial transmission screw (16). (19), the radial front positioning plate (15) and the radial rear positioning plate (19) are respectively fixed on the radial fixing plate (8), and the radial transmission screw (16) passes through the radial rear positioning plate (19) It is rotatably connected with the radial front positioning plate (15); the lower end face of the radial sliding table (6) is provided with a guide chute, and the top of the radial front positioning plate (15) and the radial rear positioning plate (19) respectively embedded in the guide chute. 4. The tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial screw pushing mechanism has the same structure as the radial screw pushing mechanism, and the axial screw pushing mechanism has an axial fixing plate (13) , the axial fixing plate (13) is fixedly connected with the machine tool through the fixing base (14). 5. The tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe according to claim 2, wherein the turning tool fixing mechanism comprises a tool head holder (1) and a tool holder seat (2), and the tool head holder (1) is used for fixing the turning tool The tool, the tool head holder (1) is fixed on the radial sliding table (6) of the radial screw pushing mechanism through the tool holder seat (2). 6. The tool holder structure of a simple automatic lathe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial screw pushing mechanism and the radial screw pushing mechanism respectively have control motors, the two control motors are respectively electrically connected to the controller, and are controlled by the The controller realizes numerical control.

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