CN110864572B - Renewable energy source utilization system based on energy storage type heat pipe bundle and control method thereof - Google Patents
Renewable energy source utilization system based on energy storage type heat pipe bundle and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
- B01D29/33—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
- F24F5/0021—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using phase change material [PCM] for storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
- F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
本发明涉及基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统及其控制方法，该基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统包括室内机组、水箱、温度传感器及控制器，所述室内机组包括机组壳体、回风口、送风口、新风口、第一隔板、第二隔板、风机、若干第一储能式热管单元、若干第二储能式热管单元、第一电动风阀、第二电动风阀、第三电动风阀、第四电动风阀、第五电动风阀、若干第一电动二通阀、若干第二电动二通阀；所述水箱包括水箱壳体、若干第三储能式热管单元以及设置在水箱下部的进水管和排水管、上部的出水管和溢流管；该发明实现自然冷源和太阳能的无动力储存和充分利用，有效提高可再生能源利用效率。
The present invention relates to a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle and a control method thereof. The renewable energy utilization system based on the energy storage heat pipe bundle comprises an indoor unit, a water tank, a temperature sensor and a controller. The indoor unit comprises a unit shell, a return air outlet, an air supply outlet, a fresh air outlet, a first partition, a second partition, a fan, a plurality of first energy storage heat pipe units, a plurality of second energy storage heat pipe units, a first electric air valve, a second electric air valve, a third electric air valve, a fourth electric air valve, a fifth electric air valve, a plurality of first electric two-way valves, and a plurality of second electric two-way valves; the water tank comprises a water tank shell, a plurality of third energy storage heat pipe units, and a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe arranged at the lower part of the water tank, and a water outlet pipe and an overflow pipe at the upper part; the invention realizes the non-powered storage and full utilization of natural cold sources and solar energy, and effectively improves the utilization efficiency of renewable energy.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及可再生能源利用及相变储能技术领域，特别是一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统及其控制方法。The present invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization and phase change energy storage technology, in particular to a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage type heat pipe bundle and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background Art
夏季利用自然冷源为建筑供冷，冬季利用太阳能供暖是目前常用的建筑节能措施。然而，可再生能源的最大不足在于具有显著的间歇性和不稳定性，限制了其可利用时间。基于相变材料的相变储能技术有着储能密度大、储能过程中温度变化小等优点。相变材料与建筑通风系统相结合，借助风机在夜间将室外冷量储存在相变材料中，在白天将冷量释放出来冷却室内环境，可有效降低空调能耗。如何在夜间有限的时间内实现相变材料的快速蓄冷是相变储能通风系统应用的关键。然而，传统的相变储能通风系统，大部分直接以空气作为传热介质与相变材料进行换热，为相变材料蓄冷。为了增加蓄冷量，夜间蓄冷的空气流量通常为白天的2～3倍，导致风机的运行能耗较高，制约了相变储能可再生能源利用技术的节能效益。此外，传统相变储能通风系统存在运行工况单一，不能满足一年不同季节的供冷和供暖需求。Using natural cold sources to cool buildings in summer and using solar energy to heat buildings in winter are currently common building energy-saving measures. However, the biggest drawback of renewable energy is that it has significant intermittent and instability, which limits its available time. Phase change energy storage technology based on phase change materials has the advantages of high energy storage density and small temperature change during energy storage. Phase change materials are combined with building ventilation systems. With the help of fans, outdoor cold is stored in phase change materials at night, and the cold is released during the day to cool the indoor environment, which can effectively reduce air conditioning energy consumption. How to achieve rapid cold storage of phase change materials within a limited time at night is the key to the application of phase change energy storage ventilation systems. However, most traditional phase change energy storage ventilation systems directly use air as a heat transfer medium to exchange heat with phase change materials to store cold for phase change materials. In order to increase the cold storage capacity, the air flow rate of cold storage at night is usually 2 to 3 times that of the day, resulting in high operating energy consumption of the fan, which restricts the energy-saving benefits of phase change energy storage renewable energy utilization technology. In addition, the traditional phase change energy storage ventilation system has a single operating condition and cannot meet the cooling and heating needs of different seasons of the year.
热管依靠工质在蒸发段和冷凝段内的蒸发和冷凝，从而使得热量从蒸发段传递到冷凝段，被称为传热超导体。将热管嵌入相变材料，可提高相变储能系统的换热效率。Heat pipes rely on the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid in the evaporation section and the condensation section to transfer heat from the evaporation section to the condensation section. They are called heat transfer superconductors. Embedding heat pipes in phase change materials can improve the heat exchange efficiency of phase change energy storage systems.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统及其控制方法，结合了重力热管的无动力高效传热特性和相变材料储能密度大的特点，能够精确快速地切换不同工况的运行，延长可再生能源利用时间，对提高能源的利用率有显著的效果。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle and a control method thereof, which combines the unpowered and efficient heat transfer characteristics of gravity heat pipes and the high energy storage density of phase change materials, can accurately and quickly switch between different operating conditions, extend the utilization time of renewable energy, and have a significant effect on improving energy utilization.
本发明采用以下方案实现：一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统，包括室内机组、水箱、第一温度传感器T1、第二温度传感器T2、第三温度传感器T3、第四温度传感器T4、第五温度传感器T5及控制器；所述室内机组、所述第一温度传感器T1、所述第二温度传感器T2、所述第三温度传感器T3、所述第四温度传感器T4、所述第五温度传感器T5均与所述控制器电性相连。The present invention is implemented by the following scheme: a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle, comprising an indoor unit, a water tank, a first temperature sensor T1, a second temperature sensor T2, a third temperature sensor T3, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a controller; the indoor unit, the first temperature sensor T1, the second temperature sensor T2, the third temperature sensor T3, the fourth temperature sensor T4, and the fifth temperature sensor T5 are all electrically connected to the controller.
进一步地，所述控制器采用的是单片机。Furthermore, the controller adopts a single chip microcomputer.
进一步地，所述室内机组包括室内机组壳体、回风口、送风口、新风口、第一隔板、第二隔板、风机、若干第一储能式热管单元P1、若干第二储能式热管单元P2、第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3、第四电动风阀V4、第五电动风阀V5、若干第一电动二通阀V6、若干第二电动二通阀V7；所述室内机组正面下部设有所述回风口，正面上部设有所述送风口，背面下部设有所述新风口，背面中间开孔用以便于热管通过；所述回风口设有第一过滤网和所述第四电动风阀V4；所述新风口设有第二过滤网和所述第五电动风阀V5；所述第一隔板和第二隔板将机组内部分成第一风道F1、第二风道F2和第三风道F3；所述每个第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料端位于第一风道F1内，另一端位于所述水箱内部的水中；所述每个第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料端位于第二风道F2内，另一端位于室外；所述的第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3分别设置在所述第一风道F1、所述第二风道F2和所述第三风道F3的顶部，用以控制风道的开关；所述风机设置在机组内、第一隔板和第二隔板的上方，风机将室外新风通过所述新风口引入到第三风道F3后通过所述送风口送入室内，直接冷却室内环境，或将室内空气通过所述回风口引入到第三风道F3内后通过所述送风口送入室内，或将室内空气通过所述回风口引入到第一风道F1内，与第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料进行换热，并将换热后的空气通过所述送风口送入室内，来加热室内环境，或将室内空气通过所述回风口引入到第二风道F2内，与第二储能式热管单元P2中的相变材料进行换热，并将换热后的空气通过所述送风口送入室内，来冷却室内环境；所述风机的一端与所述控制器相连，另一端与外部交流电零线相连；每个所述第一储能式热管单元P1的热管的绝热段上分别设置有一个所述第一电动二通阀V6；每个所述第二储能式热管单元P2的热管的绝热段上分别设置有一个所述第二电动二通阀V7；所述的第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3、第四电动风阀V4、第五电动风阀V5、各个第一电动二通阀V6、各个第二电动二通阀V7均与所述控制器电性相连；Furthermore, the indoor unit includes an indoor unit shell, a return air outlet, an air supply outlet, a fresh air outlet, a first partition, a second partition, a fan, a plurality of first energy storage heat pipe units P1, a plurality of second energy storage heat pipe units P2, a first electric air valve V1, a second electric air valve V2, a third electric air valve V3, a fourth electric air valve V4, a fifth electric air valve V5, a plurality of first electric two-way valves V6, and a plurality of second electric two-way valves V7; the return air outlet is provided at the lower part of the front of the indoor unit, the air supply outlet is provided at the upper part of the front, the fresh air outlet is provided at the lower part of the back, and a hole is opened in the middle of the back to facilitate the passage of the heat pipe; the return air outlet is provided with a first filter and the fourth electric air valve V4; The fresh air outlet is provided with a second filter and the fifth electric air valve V5; the first partition and the second partition divide the interior of the unit into a first air duct F1, a second air duct F2 and a third air duct F3; the phase change material end of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 is located in the first air duct F1, and the other end is located in the water inside the water tank; the phase change material end of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 is located in the second air duct F2, and the other end is located outdoors; the first electric air valve V1, the second electric air valve V2, and the third electric air valve V3 are respectively arranged at the top of the first air duct F1, the second air duct F2 and the third air duct F3 to control the switch of the air duct; the air The fan is arranged in the unit, above the first partition and the second partition, and the fan introduces outdoor fresh air into the third air duct F3 through the fresh air inlet and then sends it into the room through the air supply port to directly cool the indoor environment, or introduces indoor air into the third air duct F3 through the return air inlet and then sends it into the room through the air supply port, or introduces indoor air into the first air duct F1 through the return air inlet, exchanges heat with the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, and sends the heat-exchanged air into the room through the air supply port to heat the indoor environment, or introduces indoor air into the second air duct F2 through the return air inlet, exchanges heat with the phase change material in the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2, and The heat-exchanged air is sent into the room through the air supply port to cool the indoor environment; one end of the fan is connected to the controller, and the other end is connected to the external AC neutral line; a first electric two-way valve V6 is respectively provided on the insulation section of the heat pipe of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1; a second electric two-way valve V7 is respectively provided on the insulation section of the heat pipe of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2; the first electric air valve V1, the second electric air valve V2, the third electric air valve V3, the fourth electric air valve V4, the fifth electric air valve V5, each first electric two-way valve V6, and each second electric two-way valve V7 are all electrically connected to the controller;
所述水箱包括水箱壳体、若干第三储能式热管单元P3以及设置在水箱下部的进水管和排水管、上部的出水管和溢流管；所述水箱内部有水；所述每个第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料端位于所述水箱内部的水中，另一端位于室外；所述进水管上设置有Y型过滤器、止回阀、第一闸阀V8；所述的排水管上设置有第二闸阀V9；The water tank comprises a water tank shell, a plurality of third energy storage heat pipe units P3, and a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe arranged at the lower part of the water tank, and a water outlet pipe and an overflow pipe arranged at the upper part; there is water inside the water tank; the phase change material end of each third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is located in the water inside the water tank, and the other end is located outdoors; the water inlet pipe is provided with a Y-type filter, a check valve, and a first gate valve V8; the drain pipe is provided with a second gate valve V9;
若干第一储能式热管单元P1、第二储能式热管单元P2和第三储能式热管单元P3呈三角形或正方形布置在风道内或水箱中，形成储能式热管管束，所述储能式热管单元之间留有一定间距。A plurality of first energy storage heat pipe units P1, second energy storage heat pipe units P2 and third energy storage heat pipe units P3 are arranged in a triangle or square in the air duct or water tank to form an energy storage heat pipe bundle, and a certain distance is left between the energy storage heat pipe units.
进一步地，所述风机采用的是离心式风机。Furthermore, the fan is a centrifugal fan.
进一步地，所述第一温度传感器T1的探头设置于所述回风口处；所述第二温度传感器T2的探头设置于所述新风口处；所述第三温度传感器T3的探头设置于所述送风口处；所述第四温度传感器T4的探头设置于所述进水管上；所述第五温度传感器T5的探头设置于所述水箱出水管处。Furthermore, the probe of the first temperature sensor T1 is set at the return air outlet; the probe of the second temperature sensor T2 is set at the fresh air outlet; the probe of the third temperature sensor T3 is set at the supply air outlet; the probe of the fourth temperature sensor T4 is set on the water inlet pipe; and the probe of the fifth temperature sensor T5 is set at the water outlet pipe of the water tank.
进一步地，所述第一储能式热管单元P1、所述第二储能式热管单元P2和所述第三储能式热管单元P3均是指将重力热管的一端换热部件镶嵌在相变材料内，外部设有金属外壳，其外部形状为光管的圆柱体或长方体，也能够是带外翅片的圆柱体或长方体。Furthermore, the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 and the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 all refer to a heat exchange component at one end of a gravity heat pipe embedded in a phase change material, with a metal shell on the outside, and its external shape is a cylinder or a cuboid of a light pipe, and can also be a cylinder or a cuboid with external fins.
进一步地，所述重力热管的换热部件是指重力热管的蒸发段或冷凝段；所述第三储能式热管单元P3的室外换热部件上涂有增强太阳能吸收的选择性涂层；所述相变材料为无机水合盐、石蜡或有机-无机复合相变材料；Furthermore, the heat exchange component of the gravity heat pipe refers to the evaporation section or condensation section of the gravity heat pipe; the outdoor heat exchange component of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is coated with a selective coating that enhances solar energy absorption; the phase change material is an inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin or an organic-inorganic composite phase change material;
所述第一储能式热管单元P1、第二储能式热管单元P2、第三储能式热管单元P3均与水平面呈30～45℃的夹角，用以方便液态制冷剂因重力作用流回底部；重力热管内流动工质为R410、R134a制冷剂。The first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2, and the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 all form an angle of 30 to 45° with the horizontal plane to facilitate the liquid refrigerant to flow back to the bottom due to gravity; the flowing working fluid in the gravity heat pipe is R410 or R134a refrigerant.
进一步地，所述第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料的相变温度为18～25℃；所述第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料的相变温度为22～30℃；所述第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料的相变温度为50～60℃。Furthermore, the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 is 18-25°C; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 is 22-30°C; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is 50-60°C.
进一步地，所述室内机组壳体和所述水箱壳体均为金属壳体或塑料壳体；所述室内机组壳体、所述水箱壳体和所述热管的绝热段，外侧四周均设有保温材料，用以避免热量向环境中散失；所述保温材料为聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯、玻璃棉或橡塑。Furthermore, the indoor unit shell and the water tank shell are both metal shells or plastic shells; the indoor unit shell, the water tank shell and the insulating section of the heat pipe are all provided with insulation materials on the outside to prevent heat from being lost to the environment; the insulation material is polyurethane, polystyrene, glass wool or rubber plastic.
进一步地，本发明还提供一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统的控制方法，包括以下步骤：Furthermore, the present invention also provides a control method for a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle, comprising the following steps:
步骤S1：提供所述控制器中预设的室内设定温度Tset、室外新风可利用的温度上限Tk、、室内温度Tn与室内设定温度Tset之间的控制温差△T；Step S1: providing the indoor set temperature T set preset in the controller, the upper limit T k of the available temperature of the outdoor fresh air, and the control temperature difference ΔT between the indoor temperature T n and the indoor set temperature T set ;
步骤S2：所述第一温度传感器T1连续检测房间室内温度Tn，所述第二温度传感器T2连续检测室外温度Tw，；供冷模式时，Tw与控制器中设定的Tk进行比较，Tn与控制器中设定的Tset和(Tset-△T)进行比较，供暖模式时，Tn与控制器中设定的Tset和(Tset+△T)进行比较；Step S2: the first temperature sensor T1 continuously detects the indoor temperature Tn of the room, and the second temperature sensor T2 continuously detects the outdoor temperature Tw ; in cooling mode, Tw is compared with Tk set in the controller, and Tn is compared with Tset set in the controller and ( Tset- △T); in heating mode, Tn is compared with Tset set in the controller and ( Tset +△T);
步骤S3：在所述控制器中设置运行模式：蓄冷模式、蓄热模式、供冷模式、供暖模式；Step S3: setting the operation mode in the controller: cold storage mode, heat storage mode, cooling mode, heating mode;
步骤S4：执行蓄冷模式：控制器开启各个第二电动二通阀V7，当室外空气与第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料之间的温差达到所述重力热管的工作温差时，每个第二储能式热管单元P2的重力热管的蒸发段的制冷剂吸收相变材料的热量，变成气体制冷剂，相变材料的温度被降低，凝固成为固态相变材料，将冷量储存起来，气态制冷剂进入重力热管的冷凝段被室外空气冷却，变成液态制冷剂，依托本身重力重新流回重力热管的蒸发段完成一个循环；重复进行所述循环，第二储能式热管单元P2实现无动力蓄冷；Step S4: Execute the cold storage mode: the controller opens each second electric two-way valve V7, and when the temperature difference between the outdoor air and the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 reaches the working temperature difference of the gravity heat pipe, the refrigerant in the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 absorbs the heat of the phase change material and becomes a gaseous refrigerant, the temperature of the phase change material is reduced, and solidifies into a solid phase change material to store the cold, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and is cooled by the outdoor air to become a liquid refrigerant, and flows back to the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe by its own gravity to complete a cycle; repeat the cycle, and the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 realizes unpowered cold storage;
步骤S5：执行蓄热模式：控制器开启各个第一电动二通阀V6，每个第一储能式热管单元P1的重力热管的蒸发段的制冷剂吸收水箱中水的热量，变成气态制冷剂，气态制冷剂进入重力热管的冷凝段被相变材料冷却，变成液态制冷剂，相变材料温度升高，熔化变成液态相变材料，将热量储存起来，液态制冷剂依托本身重力重新流回热管的蒸发段完成一个循环；重复进行所述循环，第一储能式热管单元P1实现无动力蓄热；Step S5: Execute the heat storage mode: the controller opens each first electric two-way valve V6, and the refrigerant in the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 absorbs the heat of the water in the water tank and becomes a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and is cooled by the phase change material to become a liquid refrigerant. The temperature of the phase change material rises and melts to become a liquid phase change material to store the heat. The liquid refrigerant relies on its own gravity to flow back to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to complete a cycle; repeat the cycle, and the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 realizes unpowered heat storage;
步骤S6：执行供冷模式：具体按照如下步骤实现：Step S6: Execute cooling mode: This is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
步骤S61：控制器开启风机的电源，当Tw≤Tk时，进入步骤S62，当Tw＞Tk时，进入步骤S63；Step S61: the controller turns on the power of the fan. When T w ≤T k , the process goes to step S62. When T w ＞T k , the process goes to step S63.
步骤S62：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，当Tn大于Tset时，进入步骤S64，当Tn小于(Tset-△T)时，进入步骤S65；Step S62: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. When Tn is greater than Tset , the process proceeds to step S64; when Tn is less than ( Tset- △T), the process proceeds to step S65.
步骤S63：控制器开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，当Tn大于Tset时，进入步骤S66，当Tn小于(Tset-△T)时，进入步骤S67；Step S63: the controller opens the fourth electric air valve V4 and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. When Tn is greater than Tset , the process proceeds to step S66. When Tn is less than ( Tset- △T), the process proceeds to step S67.
步骤S64：控制器开启第五电动风阀V5，连锁关闭第四电动风阀V4，室外新风通过新风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内，直接冷却室内环境；Step S64: the controller opens the fifth electric air valve V5 and closes the fourth electric air valve V4 in a chain manner, and the outdoor fresh air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the fresh air inlet and then sent into the room through the air supply outlet to directly cool the indoor environment;
步骤S65：控制器开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环；Step S65: The controller opens the fourth electric air valve V4 and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the air supply port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated;
步骤S66：控制器开启第二电动风阀V2，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第三电动风阀V3，室内空气通过回风口引入到第二风道F2，与第二储能式热管P2的相变材料换热，相变材料放出冷量温度升高，熔化变成液态相变材料，被冷却后的空气通过送风口送入室内，冷却室内环境；Step S66: The controller opens the second electric air valve V2, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the third electric air valve V3. The indoor air is introduced into the second air duct F2 through the return air port, and exchanges heat with the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe P2. The phase change material releases cold energy and its temperature rises, and it melts and becomes liquid phase change material. The cooled air is sent into the room through the air supply port to cool the indoor environment.
步骤S67：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环；Step S67: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the air supply port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated;
步骤S7：执行供暖模式：具体按照如下步骤实现：Step S7: Execute the heating mode: This is specifically implemented in the following steps:
步骤S71：控制器开启风机的电源，开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，当Tn小于Tset时，进入步骤S72，当Tn大于(Tset+△T)时，进入步骤S73；Step S71: the controller turns on the power of the fan, opens the fourth electric air valve V4, and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. When Tn is less than Tset , the process proceeds to step S72. When Tn is greater than ( Tset +△T), the process proceeds to step S73.
步骤S72：控制器开启第一电动风阀V1，并连锁关闭第二电动风阀V2和第三电动风阀V3，室内空气通过回风口引入到第一风道F1，与第一储能式热管P1的相变材料换热，相变材料放出热量温度降低，凝固变成固态相变材料，被加热后的空气通过送风口送入室内，加热室内环境；Step S72: The controller opens the first electric air valve V1, and interlocks to close the second electric air valve V2 and the third electric air valve V3. The indoor air is introduced into the first air duct F1 through the return air port, and exchanges heat with the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe P1. The phase change material releases heat and its temperature decreases, solidifying into a solid phase change material. The heated air is sent into the room through the air supply port to heat the indoor environment.
步骤S73：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环。Step S73: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks to close the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the supply air port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明充分结合了重力热管的无动力高效传热特性和相变材料储能密度大的特点，将自然冷源直接引入室内供冷，夜间自然冷源无动力储存在相变材料中以供白天供冷使用，将白天太阳能无动力储存在相变材料中以供生活热水和供暖使用，对延长可再生能源利用时间及提高其利用率有着显著的效果；采用储能式热管管束，结构简单，可标准化和系列化生产，操作和维护方便；能够精确快速地切换不同工况的运行，延长可再生能源利用时间，对提高能源的利用率有显著的效果。The present invention fully combines the unpowered and efficient heat transfer characteristics of gravity heat pipes and the high energy storage density of phase change materials, directly introduces natural cold sources into indoor cooling, stores natural cold sources in phase change materials unpowered at night for cooling during the day, and stores solar energy in phase change materials unpowered during the day for domestic hot water and heating, which has a significant effect on extending the utilization time of renewable energy and improving its utilization rate; adopts energy storage heat pipe bundles, which have a simple structure, can be standardized and serialized for production, and are easy to operate and maintain; can accurately and quickly switch between different operating conditions, extend the utilization time of renewable energy, and have a significant effect on improving energy utilization.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例的结构框图，其中1为室内机组，2为水箱，3为控制器，4为回风口，5为送风口，6为新风口，7为第一隔板，8为第二隔板，9为风机，10为第一过滤网，11为第二过滤网，12为进水管，13为排水管，14为出水管，15为溢流管，16为Y型过滤器，17为止回阀。Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is an indoor unit, 2 is a water tank, 3 is a controller, 4 is a return air outlet, 5 is an air supply outlet, 6 is a fresh air outlet, 7 is a first partition, 8 is a second partition, 9 is a fan, 10 is a first filter, 11 is a second filter, 12 is a water inlet pipe, 13 is a drain pipe, 14 is a water outlet pipe, 15 is an overflow pipe, 16 is a Y-type filter, and 17 is a check valve.
图2本发明实施例的基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统的控制方法执行流程图。FIG2 is a flowchart of an execution method of a control method of a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3本发明实施例的基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统的电路连接及控制连接的示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of circuit connections and control connections of a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
其中：T1为第一温度传感器，T2为第二温度传感器、T3为第三温度传感器，T4为第四温度传感器，T5为第五温度传感器，P1为第一储能式热管单元，P2为第二储能式热管单元，P3为第三储能式热管单元，F1为第一风道，F2为第二风道，F3为第三风道，V1为第一电动风阀，V2为第二电动风阀，V3为第三电动风阀，V4为第四电动风阀，V5为第五电动风阀，V6为第一电动二通阀，V7为第二电动二通阀，V8为第一闸阀，V9为第二闸阀。Among them: T1 is the first temperature sensor, T2 is the second temperature sensor, T3 is the third temperature sensor, T4 is the fourth temperature sensor, T5 is the fifth temperature sensor, P1 is the first energy storage heat pipe unit, P2 is the second energy storage heat pipe unit, P3 is the third energy storage heat pipe unit, F1 is the first air duct, F2 is the second air duct, F3 is the third air duct, V1 is the first electric air valve, V2 is the second electric air valve, V3 is the third electric air valve, V4 is the fourth electric air valve, V5 is the fifth electric air valve, V6 is the first electric two-way valve, V7 is the second electric two-way valve, V8 is the first gate valve, and V9 is the second gate valve.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明。应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and/or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.
在本实施例中，图1和3中的点划线表示信号连接，长虚线表示控制连接，短虚线表示电路连接。In this embodiment, the dot-dashed lines in FIGS. 1 and 3 represent signal connections, the long dashed lines represent control connections, and the short dashed lines represent circuit connections.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统，包括室内机组1、水箱2、第一温度传感器T1、第二温度传感器T2、第三温度传感器T3、第四温度传感器T4、第五温度传感器T5及控制器3；所述室内机组1、所述第一温度传感器T1、所述第二温度传感器T2、所述第三温度传感器T3、所述第四温度传感器T4、所述第五温度传感器T5均与所述控制器3电性相连。As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle, including an indoor unit 1, a water tank 2, a first temperature sensor T1, a second temperature sensor T2, a third temperature sensor T3, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a fifth temperature sensor T5 and a controller 3; the indoor unit 1, the first temperature sensor T1, the second temperature sensor T2, the third temperature sensor T3, the fourth temperature sensor T4, and the fifth temperature sensor T5 are all electrically connected to the controller 3.
在本实施例中，所述控制器3为单片机控制器，其一端与交流电火线相连，另一端与交流电零线相连。In this embodiment, the controller 3 is a single chip microcomputer controller, one end of which is connected to the live wire of the alternating current, and the other end of which is connected to the neutral wire of the alternating current.
在本实施例中，所述室内机组1包括室内机组1壳体、回风口4、送风口5、新风口6、第一隔板7、第二隔板8、风机9、若干第一储能式热管单元P1、若干第二储能式热管单元P2、第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3、第四电动风阀V4、第五电动风阀V5、若干第一电动二通阀V6、若干第二电动二通阀V7；所述室内机组正面下部设有所述回风口4，正面上部设有所述送风口5，背面下部设有所述新风口6，背面中间开孔用以便于热管通过；所述回风口4处设有第一过滤网10和所述第四电动风阀V4；所述新风口6处设有第二过滤网11和所述第五电动风阀V5；所述第一隔板7和第二隔板8将机组内部分成第一风道F1、第二风道F2和第三风道F3；所述每个第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料端位于第一风道F1内，另一端位于所述水箱2内部的水中；所述每个第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料端位于第二风道F2内，另一端分别位于室外；所述的第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3分别设置在所述第一风道F1、所述第二风道F2和所述第三风道F3的顶部，用以控制风道的开关；所述风机9设置在机组内、第一隔板7和第二隔板8的上方，风机9将室外新风通过所述新风口6引入到第三风道F3后通过所述送风口5送入室内，直接冷却室内环境，或将室内空气通过所述回风口4引入到第三风道F3内后通过所述送风口5送入室内，或将室内空气通过所述回风口4引入到第一风道F1内，与第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料进行换热，并将换热后的空气通过所述送风口5送入室内，来加热室内环境，或将室内空气通过所述回风口4引入到第二风道F2内，与第二储能式热管单元P2中的相变材料进行换热，并将换热后的空气通过所述送风口5送入室内，来冷却室内环境；所述风机9的一端与所述控制器3相连，另一端与外部交流电零线相连，受所述控制器3控制；每个所述第一储能式热管单元P1的热管的绝热段上分别设置有一个所述第一电动二通阀V6；每个所述第二储能式热管单元P2的热管的绝热段上分别设置有一个所述第二电动二通阀V7；所述的第一电动风阀V1、第二电动风阀V2、第三电动风阀V3、第四电动风阀V4、第五电动风阀V5、各个第一电动二通阀V6、各个第二电动二通阀V7和所述风机9均与所述控制器3电性相连，受所述控制器3控制；In this embodiment, the indoor unit 1 includes an indoor unit 1 shell, a return air outlet 4, an air supply outlet 5, a fresh air outlet 6, a first partition 7, a second partition 8, a fan 9, a plurality of first energy storage heat pipe units P1, a plurality of second energy storage heat pipe units P2, a first electric air valve V1, a second electric air valve V2, a third electric air valve V3, a fourth electric air valve V4, a fifth electric air valve V5, a plurality of first electric two-way valves V6, and a plurality of second electric two-way valves V7; the return air outlet 4 is provided at the lower part of the front of the indoor unit, the air supply outlet 5 is provided at the upper part of the front, the fresh air outlet 6 is provided at the lower part of the back, and a hole is opened in the middle of the back to facilitate the passage of the heat pipe; the return air outlet 4 is provided with a first filter 10 and the fourth electric air valve V4; The fresh air inlet 6 is provided with a second filter 11 and the fifth electric air valve V5; the first partition 7 and the second partition 8 divide the interior of the unit into a first air duct F1, a second air duct F2 and a third air duct F3; the phase change material end of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 is located in the first air duct F1, and the other end is located in the water inside the water tank 2; the phase change material end of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 is located in the second air duct F2, and the other end is respectively located outdoors; the first electric air valve V1, the second electric air valve V2, and the third electric air valve V3 are respectively arranged at the top of the first air duct F1, the second air duct F2 and the third air duct F3 to control the switch of the air duct; the fan 9 is arranged at the top of the unit In the interior, above the first partition 7 and the second partition 8, the fan 9 introduces outdoor fresh air into the third air duct F3 through the fresh air outlet 6 and then sends it into the room through the air supply outlet 5 to directly cool the indoor environment, or introduces indoor air into the third air duct F3 through the return air outlet 4 and then sends it into the room through the air supply outlet 5, or introduces indoor air into the first air duct F1 through the return air outlet 4, exchanges heat with the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, and sends the heat-exchanged air into the room through the air supply outlet 5 to heat the indoor environment, or introduces indoor air into the second air duct F2 through the return air outlet 4, exchanges heat with the phase change material in the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2, and sends the heat-exchanged air into the room through the air supply outlet 5 to heat the indoor environment. The air is sent into the room through the outlet 5 to cool the indoor environment; one end of the fan 9 is connected to the controller 3, and the other end is connected to the external AC neutral line, and is controlled by the controller 3; a first electric two-way valve V6 is respectively provided on the insulation section of the heat pipe of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1; a second electric two-way valve V7 is respectively provided on the insulation section of the heat pipe of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2; the first electric air valve V1, the second electric air valve V2, the third electric air valve V3, the fourth electric air valve V4, the fifth electric air valve V5, each first electric two-way valve V6, each second electric two-way valve V7 and the fan 9 are all electrically connected to the controller 3 and are controlled by the controller 3;
所述水箱2包括水箱2壳体、若干第三储能式热管单元P3以及设置在水箱2下部的进水管12和排水管13、上部的出水管14和溢流管15；所述水箱2内部有水；所述每个第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料端位于所述水箱2内部的水中，另一端位于室外；所述进水管12上设置有Y型过滤器16、止回阀17、第一闸阀V8；所述的排水管13上设置有第二闸阀V9；The water tank 2 includes a water tank 2 shell, a plurality of third energy storage heat pipe units P3, and a water inlet pipe 12 and a drain pipe 13 arranged at the lower part of the water tank 2, and a water outlet pipe 14 and an overflow pipe 15 arranged at the upper part; there is water inside the water tank 2; the phase change material end of each third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is located in the water inside the water tank 2, and the other end is located outdoors; the water inlet pipe 12 is provided with a Y-type filter 16, a check valve 17, and a first gate valve V8; the drain pipe 13 is provided with a second gate valve V9;
若干第一储能式热管单元P1、第二储能式热管单元P2和第三储能式热管单元P3呈三角形或正方形布置在风道内或水箱2中，形成储能式热管管束，所述储能式热管单元之间留有一定间距(例如5～10cm)。A plurality of first energy storage heat pipe units P1, second energy storage heat pipe units P2 and third energy storage heat pipe units P3 are arranged in a triangle or square in the air duct or the water tank 2 to form an energy storage heat pipe bundle, and a certain distance (for example, 5 to 10 cm) is left between the energy storage heat pipe units.
在本实施例中，所述风机9采用的是离心式风机9。In this embodiment, the fan 9 is a centrifugal fan 9 .
在本实施例中，所述第一温度传感器T1的探头设置于所述回风口4处，所述第二温度传感器T2的探头设置于所述新风口6处，所述第三温度传感器T3的探头设置于所述送风口5处，所述第四温度传感器T4的探头设置于所述进水管12上，所述第五温度传感器T5的探头设置于所述水箱2出水管处。In this embodiment, the probe of the first temperature sensor T1 is set at the return air outlet 4, the probe of the second temperature sensor T2 is set at the fresh air outlet 6, the probe of the third temperature sensor T3 is set at the air supply outlet 5, the probe of the fourth temperature sensor T4 is set on the water inlet pipe 12, and the probe of the fifth temperature sensor T5 is set at the water outlet pipe of the water tank 2.
在本实施例中，所述第一储能式热管单元P1、所述第二储能式热管单元P2和所述第三储能式热管单元P3均是指将重力热管的一端换热部件镶嵌在相变材料内，外部设有金属外壳，其外部形状为光管的圆柱体或长方体，也能够是带外翅片的圆柱体或长方体。In this embodiment, the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 and the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 all refer to a heat exchange component at one end of a gravity heat pipe embedded in a phase change material, with a metal shell on the outside, and its external shape is a cylinder or a cuboid of a light pipe, and can also be a cylinder or a cuboid with external fins.
在本实施例中，所述重力热管的换热部件是指重力热管的蒸发段或冷凝段；In this embodiment, the heat exchange component of the gravity heat pipe refers to the evaporation section or the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe;
储能式热管单元的特点就是利用重力热管的无动力高效传热特性，把自然冷源通过热管的蒸发段储存在相变材料内或者把太阳能通过热管的冷凝段储存在相变材料内，相比于现有的储能式可再生能源利用系统，该系统在蓄冷和蓄热时不需要运行风机，从而达到了节能的目的。此外，该系统可满足一年不同季节的供冷和供暖需求。The characteristic of the energy storage heat pipe unit is that it utilizes the unpowered and efficient heat transfer characteristics of the gravity heat pipe to store the natural cold source in the phase change material through the evaporation section of the heat pipe or to store the solar energy in the phase change material through the condensation section of the heat pipe. Compared with the existing energy storage renewable energy utilization system, this system does not need to run the fan when storing cold and heat, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving. In addition, the system can meet the cooling and heating needs of different seasons of the year.
所述第三储能式热管单元P3的室外换热部件上涂有增强太阳能吸收的选择性涂层；所述相变材料为无机水合盐、石蜡或有机-无机复合相变材料；The outdoor heat exchange component of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is coated with a selective coating that enhances solar energy absorption; the phase change material is an inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin or an organic-inorganic composite phase change material;
所述第一储能式热管单元P1、第二储能式热管单元P2、第三储能式热管单元P3均与水平面呈30～45℃的夹角，用以方便液态制冷剂因重力作用流回底部；重力热管内流动工质为R410、R134a制冷剂。The first energy storage heat pipe unit P1, the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2, and the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 all form an angle of 30 to 45° with the horizontal plane to facilitate the liquid refrigerant to flow back to the bottom due to gravity; the flowing working fluid in the gravity heat pipe is R410 or R134a refrigerant.
在本实施例中，所述第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料的相变温度为18～25℃；所述第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料的相变温度为22～30℃；所述第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料的相变温度为50～60℃。In this embodiment, the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 is 18-25°C; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 is 22-30°C; the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 is 50-60°C.
在本实施例中，所述室内机组壳体和所述水箱壳体为金属壳体或塑料壳体；所述室内机组壳体、所述水箱壳体和所述热管的绝热段，外侧四周均设有保温材料，用以避免热量向环境中散失；所述保温材料为聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯、玻璃棉或橡塑。In this embodiment, the indoor unit shell and the water tank shell are metal shells or plastic shells; the indoor unit shell, the water tank shell and the insulating section of the heat pipe are all provided with insulation materials on the outside to prevent heat from being lost to the environment; the insulation material is polyurethane, polystyrene, glass wool or rubber plastic.
当太阳辐射强度较高时，第三储能式热管单元P3的重力热管的蒸发段的制冷剂吸收太阳辐射，变成气态制冷剂，气态制冷剂进入重力热管的冷凝段被相变材料冷却，变成液态制冷剂，相变材料温度升高，熔化成液态相变材料，将热量储存起来，液态制冷剂依托本身重力重新流回热管的蒸发段完成一个循环，重复进行所述循环，水箱2实现无动力蓄热；冷水经进水管12进入水箱2，被第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料加热后，经出水管14流出，实现热水供应。When the solar radiation intensity is high, the refrigerant in the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 absorbs solar radiation and becomes a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and is cooled by the phase change material to become a liquid refrigerant. The temperature of the phase change material rises and melts into a liquid phase change material to store heat. The liquid refrigerant relies on its own gravity to flow back to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to complete a cycle. The cycle is repeated, and the water tank 2 realizes unpowered heat storage. Cold water enters the water tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 12, is heated by the phase change material of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3, and then flows out through the water outlet pipe 14 to realize hot water supply.
较佳的，如图2、3所示，本实施例还提供一种基于储能式热管管束的可再生能源利用系统的控制方法，包括以下步骤：Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , this embodiment further provides a control method for a renewable energy utilization system based on an energy storage heat pipe bundle, comprising the following steps:
步骤S1：提供所述控制器中预设的室内设定温度Tset、室外新风可利用的温度上限Tk、室内温度Tn与室内设定温度Tset之间的控制温差△T；Step S1: providing the indoor set temperature T set preset in the controller, the upper limit T k of the available temperature of the outdoor fresh air, and the control temperature difference ΔT between the indoor temperature T n and the indoor set temperature T set ;
步骤S2：所述第一温度传感器T1连续检测房间室内温度Tn，所述第二温度传感器T2连续检测室外温度Tw，；供冷模式时，Tw与控制器中设定的Tk进行比较，Tn与控制器中设定的Tset和(Tset-△T)进行比较，供暖模式时，Tn与控制器中设定的Tset和(Tset+△T)进行比较；Step S2: the first temperature sensor T1 continuously detects the indoor temperature Tn of the room, and the second temperature sensor T2 continuously detects the outdoor temperature Tw ; in cooling mode, Tw is compared with Tk set in the controller, and Tn is compared with Tset set in the controller and ( Tset- △T); in heating mode, Tn is compared with Tset set in the controller and ( Tset +△T);
步骤S3：在所述控制器中设置运行模式：蓄冷模式、蓄热模式、供冷模式、供暖模式；Step S3: setting the operation mode in the controller: cold storage mode, heat storage mode, cooling mode, heating mode;
在本实施例中，所述控制器设置的运行模式是根据现有的编程语言在控制器中进行执行来实现控制。In this embodiment, the operation mode set by the controller is to implement control by executing in the controller according to an existing programming language.
步骤S4：执行蓄冷模式：控制器开启各个第二电动二通阀V7，当室外空气与第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料之间的温差达到所述重力热管的工作温差时，每个第二储能式热管单元P2的重力热管的蒸发段的制冷剂吸收相变材料的热量，变成气体制冷剂，相变材料的温度被降低，凝固成为固态相变材料，将冷量储存起来，气态制冷剂进入重力热管的冷凝段被室外空气冷却，变成液态制冷剂，依托本身重力重新流回重力热管的蒸发段完成一个循环；重复进行所述循环，第二储能式热管单元P2实现无动力蓄冷；Step S4: Execute the cold storage mode: the controller opens each second electric two-way valve V7, and when the temperature difference between the outdoor air and the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 reaches the working temperature difference of the gravity heat pipe, the refrigerant in the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe of each second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 absorbs the heat of the phase change material and becomes a gaseous refrigerant, the temperature of the phase change material is reduced, and solidifies into a solid phase change material to store the cold, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and is cooled by the outdoor air to become a liquid refrigerant, and flows back to the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe by its own gravity to complete a cycle; repeat the cycle, and the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 realizes unpowered cold storage;
步骤S5：执行蓄热模式：控制器开启各个第一电动二通阀V6，每个第一储能式热管单元P1的重力热管的蒸发段的制冷剂吸收水箱中水的热量，变成气态制冷剂，气态制冷剂进入重力热管的冷凝段被相变材料冷却，变成液态制冷剂，相变材料温度升高，熔化变成液态相变材料，将热量储存起来，液态制冷剂依托本身重力重新流回热管的蒸发段完成一个循环；重复进行所述循环，第一储能式热管单元P1实现无动力蓄热；Step S5: Execute the heat storage mode: the controller opens each first electric two-way valve V6, and the refrigerant in the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe of each first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 absorbs the heat of the water in the water tank and becomes a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and is cooled by the phase change material to become a liquid refrigerant. The temperature of the phase change material rises and melts to become a liquid phase change material to store the heat. The liquid refrigerant relies on its own gravity to flow back to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to complete a cycle; repeat the cycle, and the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 realizes unpowered heat storage;
步骤S6：执行供冷模式：具体按照如下步骤实现：Step S6: Execute cooling mode: This is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
步骤S61：控制器开启风机的电源，当Tw≤Tk时，进入步骤S62，当Tw＞Tk时，进入步骤S63；Step S61: the controller turns on the power of the fan. When T w ≤T k , the process goes to step S62. When T w ＞T k , the process goes to step S63.
步骤S62：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，当Tn大于Tset时，进入步骤S64，当Tn小于(Tset-△T)时，进入步骤S65；Step S62: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. When Tn is greater than Tset , the process proceeds to step S64; when Tn is less than ( Tset- △T), the process proceeds to step S65.
步骤S63：控制器开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，当Tn大于Tset时，进入步骤S66，当Tn小于(Tset-△T)时，进入步骤S67；Step S63: the controller opens the fourth electric air valve V4 and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. When Tn is greater than Tset , the process proceeds to step S66. When Tn is less than ( Tset- △T), the process proceeds to step S67.
步骤S64：控制器开启第五电动风阀V5，连锁关闭第四电动风阀V4，室外新风通过新风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内，直接冷却室内环境；Step S64: the controller opens the fifth electric air valve V5 and closes the fourth electric air valve V4 in a chain manner, and the outdoor fresh air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the fresh air inlet and then sent into the room through the air supply outlet to directly cool the indoor environment;
步骤S65：控制器开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环；Step S65: The controller opens the fourth electric air valve V4 and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the air supply port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated;
步骤S66：控制器开启第二电动风阀V2，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第三电动风阀V3，室内空气通过回风口引入到第二风道F2，与第二储能式热管P2的相变材料换热，相变材料放出冷量温度升高，熔化变成液态相变材料，被冷却后的空气通过送风口送入室内，冷却室内环境；Step S66: The controller opens the second electric air valve V2, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the third electric air valve V3. The indoor air is introduced into the second air duct F2 through the return air port, and exchanges heat with the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe P2. The phase change material releases cold energy and its temperature rises, and it melts and becomes liquid phase change material. The cooled air is sent into the room through the air supply port to cool the indoor environment.
步骤S67：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环；Step S67: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks and closes the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the air supply port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated;
步骤S7：执行供暖模式：具体按照如下步骤实现：Step S7: Execute the heating mode: This is specifically implemented in the following steps:
步骤S71：控制器开启风机的电源，开启第四电动风阀V4，连锁关闭第五电动风阀V5，当Tn小于Tset时，进入步骤S72，当Tn大于(Tset+△T)时，进入步骤S73；Step S71: the controller turns on the power of the fan, opens the fourth electric air valve V4, and interlocks to close the fifth electric air valve V5. When Tn is less than Tset , the process proceeds to step S72. When Tn is greater than ( Tset +△T), the process proceeds to step S73.
步骤S72：控制器开启第一电动风阀V1，并连锁关闭第二电动风阀V2和第三电动风阀V3，室内空气通过回风口引入到第一风道F1，与第一储能式热管P1的相变材料换热，相变材料放出热量温度降低，凝固变成固态相变材料，被加热后的空气通过送风口送入室内，加热室内环境；Step S72: The controller opens the first electric air valve V1, and interlocks to close the second electric air valve V2 and the third electric air valve V3. The indoor air is introduced into the first air duct F1 through the return air port, and exchanges heat with the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe P1. The phase change material releases heat and its temperature decreases, solidifying into a solid phase change material. The heated air is sent into the room through the air supply port to heat the indoor environment.
步骤S73：控制器开启第三电动风阀V3，并连锁关闭第一电动风阀V1和第二电动风阀V2，室内空气通过回风口引入到第三风道F3后通过送风口送入室内即仅进行室内空气循环。Step S73: The controller opens the third electric air valve V3, and interlocks to close the first electric air valve V1 and the second electric air valve V2. The indoor air is introduced into the third air duct F3 through the return air port and then sent into the room through the supply air port, that is, only the indoor air is circulated.
特别的，在本实施例中，在上述控制模式下，根据不同的输入模式及检测的各个参数，开启不同运行工况，其中主要包括直接利用室外新风对室内供冷，利用第一储能式热管单元P1的相变材料储存的热量对室内供暖，利用第二储能式热管单元P2的相变材料储存的冷量对室内供冷，利用水箱中第三储能式热管单元P3的相变材料储存的热量进行热水供应。依靠主动可靠的控制，确保系统的高效可靠运行，把室外自然冷源和(或)太阳能转移到房间内，实现可再生能源供冷和(或)供暖，既能保证房间内的温度要求，又能提高可再生能源利用率。In particular, in this embodiment, under the above control mode, different operating conditions are started according to different input modes and various parameters detected, which mainly include directly using outdoor fresh air to cool the room, using the heat stored in the phase change material of the first energy storage heat pipe unit P1 to heat the room, using the cold stored in the phase change material of the second energy storage heat pipe unit P2 to cool the room, and using the heat stored in the phase change material of the third energy storage heat pipe unit P3 in the water tank to supply hot water. Relying on active and reliable control, the efficient and reliable operation of the system is ensured, and the outdoor natural cold source and (or) solar energy are transferred to the room to realize renewable energy cooling and (or heating), which can not only ensure the temperature requirements in the room, but also improve the utilization rate of renewable energy.
所述的室内设定温度Tset，夏季设定为26℃，冬季设定为20℃；所述的控制温差△T设定为2℃；所述的室外新风可利用的温度上限Tk设定为20℃。The indoor set temperature T set is set to 26°C in summer and 20°C in winter; the controlled temperature difference ΔT is set to 2°C; and the upper limit T k of the available temperature of outdoor fresh air is set to 20°C.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
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