CN110859075B - Machine of throwing between orchard fertilizer plant - Google Patents

Machine of throwing between orchard fertilizer plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110859075B
CN110859075B CN201911309476.2A CN201911309476A CN110859075B CN 110859075 B CN110859075 B CN 110859075B CN 201911309476 A CN201911309476 A CN 201911309476A CN 110859075 B CN110859075 B CN 110859075B
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China
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fertilizer
throwing
transverse
rail frame
slide rail
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CN110859075A (en
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朱新华
伏胜康
赵伟
魏玉强
郭文川
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Northwest A&F University
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Northwest A&F University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00Fertiliser distributors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,属于农业机械领域。抛撒机至少包含车体和抛肥装置,车体后部横向连接有抛肥装置;抛肥装置至少水平布置一个抛肥部件、横向伸缩调节部件、高度调节部件,抛肥部件安装在横向伸缩调节部件的滑轨架上;横向伸缩调节部件至少包含一个滑轨架、伸缩液压缸、横向伸缩杆,调节安装于横向伸缩杆上的抛送带的横向位置和横向倾斜角度;高度升降调节部件安装在滑轨架下方。该装置的抛送带的横向位置和横向倾斜角度可调,可以根据不同作业的施肥区域需求对抛肥射程和施肥范围进行控制,特别适用于将肥料抛撒于果园株间区域或果树冠下形成条带,也适用于普通农作物大田的大面积抛肥作业。

The present invention discloses an orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreading machine, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The spreading machine at least comprises a vehicle body and a fertilizer spreading device, and the rear part of the vehicle body is laterally connected with the fertilizer spreading device; the fertilizer spreading device at least horizontally arranges a fertilizer spreading component, a transverse telescopic adjustment component, and a height adjustment component, and the fertilizer spreading component is installed on a slide rail frame of the transverse telescopic adjustment component; the transverse telescopic adjustment component at least comprises a slide rail frame, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and a transverse telescopic rod, which adjusts the transverse position and transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt installed on the transverse telescopic rod; the height lifting and lowering adjustment component is installed under the slide rail frame. The transverse position and transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt of the device are adjustable, and the fertilizer spreading range and fertilization range can be controlled according to the requirements of the fertilization area of different operations. It is particularly suitable for spreading fertilizer in the inter-plant area of the orchard or under the crown of the fruit tree to form strips, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operations in ordinary crop fields.

Description

Machine of throwing between orchard fertilizer plant
Technical field:
The invention discloses an inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for an orchard, belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to mechanical equipment for applying organic fertilizer to the orchard.
The background technology is as follows:
In recent years, the production of green organic foods has become a trend, green fruits can greatly improve the added value, people pay more attention to health, green safe and pollution-free health foods are favored, the requirements on the quality of crops are higher and higher, the organic fertilizer market is larger and the demands are also growing. The organic fertilizer applied to the orchard accords with the green development concept, and the construction of the organic orchard is also a trend. The agricultural organic fertilizer mainly comprises compost, stable manure, straw, fungus dreg, green manure, mud fertilizer and the like, and if the waste is not effectively utilized, the environment is greatly polluted, but the organic fertilizer is applied to the field as the organic fertilizer, so that the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, the yield of cultivated land can be improved, and the pollution of various wastes such as livestock manure, crop straw and production and living organic garbage to the environment can be reduced, thereby being an effective method for realizing sustainable development of agriculture.
In production, the application mode of the organic fertilizer is that ditching is firstly carried out on two sides of a fruit tree, then the organic fertilizer is filled into the ditches by manpower to cover soil, the manual fertilization efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, the cost is high, a large amount of labor force is limited, the fertilization uniformity is poor, the fertilizer utilization rate is low, along with the continuous expansion of the planting area of the fruit tree and the continuous improvement of the modern planting management technology, the requirement of people on the technology of mechanically applying the organic fertilizer to the fruit tree is higher and higher, the orchard fertilization machinery in China is imperfect, especially, the mechanical technical difficulty of fertilization on crowns and plants of the orchard is higher, the mechanical fertilization of the orchard is limited, the technical requirement of the orchard on the fertilization machinery is far from being met, and in addition, the mechanical aspect of fertilization on common field operation in China, the fertilization can carry out adaptive control on fertilization areas and fertilization amounts of different standards is still free, so that the fertilization machinery is required to have certain adaptability and controllability on the fertilization technology of different field standards.
The invention discloses an inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for an orchard, which not only can realize mechanized application of organic fertilizer among plants in the orchard and solve the problem of difficult inter-plant fertilizer application technology in the orchard, but also can carry out mechanized fertilizer application with adjustable fertilizer application areas and fertilizer application amounts on common fields with different standards.
The invention comprises the following steps:
The organic fertilizer inter-plant throwing machine for the orchards not only can realize mechanized application of organic fertilizer among the orchards and solve the problem of difficult fertilization technology among the orchards, but also can carry out mechanized fertilization with adjustable fertilization areas and fertilization amounts on common fields with different standards, has high fertilization efficiency and strong adaptability, is suitable for throwing fertilizer in the areas among the orchards or under the crowns of fruit trees to form strips, is particularly suitable for solid organic fertilizer in ditches in the orchards, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer throwing ranges. Suitable organic fertilizers include commercial organic fertilizers, livestock manure, granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural waste.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of realizing that fertilizer is scattered in an inter-plant area of an orchard or under the crowns of fruit trees to form strips, and has certain fertilizer falling position and fertilizer throwing angle adjustable capability, and meanwhile, the invention can be suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer throwing ranges.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:
The organic fertilizer inter-plant throwing machine for the orchard is characterized by at least comprising a vehicle body 1 and a fertilizer throwing device 8, wherein the vehicle body 1 at least comprises a cab 2, an engine 3, a carriage 4, a scraper blanking device 5 and an auxiliary blanking device 6, the engine 3 and the carriage 4 are respectively arranged on the right side and the rear side of the cab 2, the scraper blanking device 5 is arranged in the carriage 4, the auxiliary blanking device 6 is arranged at the rear part of the carriage 4, a certain amount of materials are continuously and uniformly scraped and sent to the carriage 4 through a blanking groove 7 according to requirements, the fertilizer throwing device 8 is transversely and fixedly connected below the rear part of the blanking groove 7, and the materials enter the fertilizer throwing device 8 from the carriage 4 through the blanking groove 7;
The fertilizer throwing device 8 at least comprises a fertilizer throwing part 11, a height lifting adjusting part 15, a transverse telescopic adjusting part 14, a frame 16, a blanking groove 7 and a baffle 9, wherein the fertilizer throwing part 11 at least comprises a throwing belt 22, a hydraulic motor 21 and a tensioning mechanism 24, the throwing belt 22 is provided with a scraping strip 23, the throwing belt 22 is arranged on a sliding rail frame 17 and can transversely move along a transverse sliding groove 10 on the sliding rail frame 17, one end of the scraping belt is connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 21 as a power input end, the hydraulic motor 21 is fixed on a transverse telescopic rod 19 and can transversely move along with the transverse telescopic rod 19, and the tensioning mechanism 24 is arranged on the sliding rail frame 17 below the throwing belt 22 through two tensioning adjusting bolts 25;
the transverse telescopic adjusting part 14 at least comprises a sliding rail frame 17, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 and a transverse telescopic rod 19, wherein the sliding rail frame 17 is longitudinally symmetrical and vertically fixed on a sliding column 28 of a frame 16, four transverse sliding grooves 10 and four lifting sliding grooves 26 are formed in a beam of the sliding rail frame 17, the end parts of the left transverse sliding grooves 10 gradually tilt upwards to form arc grooves 13, the transverse inclination angles of a throwing belt 22 are partially adjusted through the arc grooves 13 to control the fertilizer throwing ranges and the fertilizer applying ranges of different requirements, the left side of the sliding rail frame 17 is used as a material throwing opening 12, the middle position of the sliding rail frame 17 is provided with an oil pipe through hole 20 for connecting the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 with a hydraulic oil pipe, one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 is fixed on the sliding rail frame 17, the other end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected with the transverse telescopic rod 19 and is arranged between the two sides of the tightness of the throwing belt 22, the transverse telescopic rod 19 is positioned between the upper beam and the lower beam of the sliding rail frame 17, and the transverse telescopic rod 19 moves left and right under the telescopic operation of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 to adjust the transverse position of the fertilizer throwing part 11;
the height lifting adjusting part 15 is arranged below the slide rail frame 17, is hinged with the hinged end 27 of the frame 16 and is fixed in an oriented manner, and at least comprises a pair of transverse slide bars 29, a pair of rotary hinge connecting rods 31 and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 30, wherein the rotary hinge connecting rods 31 are hinged with the hinged end 27 of the frame 16, the transverse slide bars 29 are connected with the lifting hydraulic cylinder 30, the transverse slide bars 29 can transversely move in the lifting slide grooves 26 of the slide rail frame 17, and the height of the slide rail frame 17 is adjusted through the height lifting adjusting part 15 to change the operation height and the fertilizer dropping position of the fertilizer throwing part 11;
The frame 16 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the carriage 4 of the vehicle body 1, the frame 16 is provided with two slide posts 28 and two hinged ends 27, the blanking chute 7 is connected to the rear end of the carriage 4 and is fixed to the frame 16, and the baffle 9 is arranged on the periphery of the slide rail frame 17 except the left-end material throwing opening 12 of the throwing belt 22.
Four transverse sliding grooves 10 are arranged on the sliding rail frame 17, only the end parts of the left transverse sliding grooves 10 are tilted upwards to form arc grooves 13, and the right transverse sliding grooves 10 are in a horizontal state.
The scraper blanking device 5, the auxiliary blanking device 6 and the throwing belt 22 are adjustable in rotating speed, so that the blanking amount of fertilizer is adjusted, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading belt are controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of a hydraulic motor 21 of the throwing belt 22 and the angle and the height of the throwing belt 22.
The height lifting adjusting part 15 is hinged with the frame 16, and the height of the fertilizer throwing part 11 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 30 so as to meet the requirements of different operation heights.
The organic fertilizer spreading machine is particularly suitable for spreading fertilizer in the inter-plant area of an orchard or under the crowns of fruit trees to form strips, is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of fields of common crops, and increases the fertilizer spreading range by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 21 of the spreading belt 22 and the angle of the spreading belt 22 during the field operation.
The organic fertilizer suitable for the organic fertilizer throwing machine comprises commercial organic fertilizer, livestock manure and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural waste.
The working principle of the inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for the orchard is as follows:
The inter-plant throwing machine for the organic fertilizer in the orchard can realize mechanized application of the organic fertilizer among the plants in the orchard, solves the problem of difficult fertilization technology among the plants in the orchard, can perform mechanized fertilization with adjustable fertilization areas and fertilization amounts on common fields with different standards, has high fertilization efficiency and strong adaptability, and is characterized in that the specific process and working principle are as follows:
When the organic fertilizer fertilization operation is carried out among orchard plants, according to the fertilization area requirements of different operations, the lifting length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the distance between the fertilizer throwing device and the ground to reach the required operation height, and the telescopic length of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the throwing belt arranged on the transverse telescopic rod to extend out, so that the proper fertilizer dropping position and the proper fertilizer throwing angle are achieved. During fertilizer throwing operation, materials such as organic fertilizer enter the fertilizer throwing device from the carriage through the blanking groove under the action of the scraper blanking device and the blanking auxiliary device. The vehicle body provides power to drive the hydraulic motor, and the throwing belt of the fertilizer throwing device throws fertilizer into the inter-plant area of the orchard or under the crown of the fruit tree to form a strip under the drive of the hydraulic motor. When the inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for orchard fertilization is used for orchard fertilization, the fertilization amount can be controlled by adjusting the speeds of the scraper blanking device, the blanking auxiliary device and the hydraulic motor, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor of the throwing belt, the angle and the height of the throwing belt.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows:
The inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for the orchard disclosed by the invention not only can realize mechanized application of organic fertilizer among plants in the orchard and solve the problem of difficult inter-plant fertilizer application technology in the orchard, but also can carry out mechanized fertilizer application with adjustable fertilizer application areas and fertilizer application amounts on common fields with different standards, has high fertilizer application efficiency and strong adaptability, is suitable for throwing fertilizer into inter-plant areas of the orchard or under crowns of fruit trees to form strips, is particularly suitable for applying solid organic fertilizer in middle furrows of the orchard, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer throwing ranges. Suitable organic fertilizers include commercial organic fertilizers, livestock manure, granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural waste.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a left side view of the general structure of an orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant throwing machine.
Fig. 2 is a rear side view of the general structure of the inter-plant organic fertilizer spreader for an orchard.
Fig. 3 is a construction diagram of a fertilizer distributor of a distributor among organic fertilizer plants in an orchard.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the fertilizer distributor of the organic fertilizer inter-plant distributor for orchards.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of a transverse expansion adjusting part of the spreading machine between organic fertilizer plants in an orchard.
Fig. 6 is a construction diagram of a fertilizer distributor of a distributor between organic fertilizer plants in an orchard.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a height adjustment member of the inter-orchard organic fertilizer plant spreader.
Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the height-adjusting member of the inter-orchard organic-fertilizer-plant throwing machine.
Reference numerals:
1. Vehicle body 2, cab 3, engine 4, carriage 5, scraper blanking device 6, auxiliary blanking device 7, blanking chute 8, fertilizer distributor 9, baffle 10, transverse chute 11, fertilizer distributor 12, feed distributor 13, chute 14, transverse telescopic adjustment member 15, height adjustment member 16, frame 17, slide rail frame 18, telescopic hydraulic cylinder 19, transverse telescopic rod 20, oil pipe through hole 21, hydraulic motor 22, throwing belt 23, scraping strip 24, tensioning mechanism 25, tensioning adjustment bolt 26, lifting chute 27, hinged end 28, slide post 29, transverse slide rod 30, lifting hydraulic cylinder 31, rotary hinge connecting rod
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment, organic fertilizer is scattered in the inter-plant area of the orchard and under the crowns of the fruit trees to form strips.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the organic fertilizer inter-plant throwing machine for the orchard at least comprises a vehicle body 1 and a fertilizer throwing device 8, wherein the vehicle body 1 at least comprises a cab 2, an engine 3, a carriage 4, a scraper blanking device 5 and an auxiliary blanking device 6, the engine 3 and the carriage 4 are respectively arranged on the right side and the rear side of the cab 2, the scraper blanking device 5 is arranged in the carriage 4, the auxiliary blanking device 6 is arranged at the rear part of the carriage 4, a certain amount of materials are continuously and uniformly scraped and sent to the carriage 4 through a blanking groove 7 according to requirements, the fertilizer throwing device 8 is transversely and fixedly connected below the rear part of the blanking groove 7, and the materials enter the fertilizer throwing device 8 from the carriage 4 through the blanking groove 7;
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fertilizer device 8 at least comprises a fertilizer throwing part 11, a height lifting adjusting part 15, a transverse telescopic adjusting part 14, a frame 16, a blanking groove 7 and a baffle 9;
as shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal telescopic adjusting part 14 at least comprises a slide rail frame 17, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 and a horizontal telescopic rod 19, wherein the slide rail frame 17 is longitudinally and symmetrically fixed on a slide column 28 of a frame 16 in a vertical orientation, four horizontal sliding grooves 10 and four lifting sliding grooves 26 are formed in the beam of the slide rail frame 17, the end parts 7-10 cm of the left horizontal sliding grooves 10 are gradually tilted upwards to form an arc groove 13, the horizontal inclination angle of a throwing belt 22 is partially adjusted through the arc groove 13, the different required throwing ranges and fertilizing ranges are controlled, the left side of the slide rail frame 17 is used as a throwing port 12, an oil pipe through hole 20 for connecting the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 with a hydraulic oil pipe is formed in the middle position of the slide rail frame 17, one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 is fixed on the slide rail frame 17, the other end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected with the horizontal telescopic rod 19 and is arranged between the two elastic sides of the throwing belt 22, the horizontal telescopic rod 19 is positioned between the upper beam and the lower beam of the slide rail frame 17, and the horizontal telescopic rod 19 moves left and right under the telescopic operation of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 to adjust the horizontal position of the throwing part 11;
As shown in fig. 6, the fertilizer throwing part 11 at least comprises a throwing belt 22, a hydraulic motor 21 and a tensioning mechanism 24, wherein the throwing belt 22 is provided with a scraping bar 23, the throwing belt 22 is arranged on the sliding rail frame 17 and can transversely move along a transverse sliding groove 10 on the sliding rail frame 17, one end of the scraping bar is connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 21 as a power input end, the hydraulic motor 21 is fixed on a transverse telescopic rod 19 and can transversely move along with the transverse telescopic rod 19, and the tensioning mechanism 24 is in tensioning adjustment through two tensioning adjusting bolts 25 and is arranged on the sliding rail frame 17 below the throwing belt 22;
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the height-adjusting component 15 is installed below the slide rail frame 17, hinged to the hinged end 27 of the frame 16 and fixed in an oriented manner, and at least comprises a pair of transverse slide bars 29, a pair of rotating hinge connecting rods 31 and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 30, wherein the rotating hinge connecting rods 31 are hinged to the hinged end 27 of the frame 16, the transverse slide bars 29 are connected with the lifting hydraulic cylinder 30, the transverse slide bars 29 can transversely move in the lifting slide grooves 26 of the slide rail frame 17, and the height of the slide rail frame 17 is adjusted by the height-adjusting component 15 to change the operation height and the fertilizer dropping position of the fertilizer throwing component 11, and two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 30 are respectively fixed with the left transverse slide bar 29 and the right transverse slide bar 29;
As shown in fig. 3,4, 7 and 8, the frame 16 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the carriage 4 of the vehicle body 1, two sliding columns 28 and two hinged ends 27 are arranged on the frame 16, the lower trough 7 is connected to the rear end of the carriage 4 and is fixed on the frame 16, and the baffle plate 9 is arranged on the periphery of the sliding rail frame 17 except for the left-end material throwing opening 12 of the throwing belt 22.
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the slide rail frame 17 is provided with four lateral slide grooves 10, only the end of the left lateral slide groove 10 is tilted upward to form an arc groove 13, and the right lateral slide groove 10 is in a horizontal state.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 6, the rotation speeds of the scraper blanking device 5, the auxiliary blanking device 6 and the throwing belt 22 are adjustable, so that the blanking amount of fertilizer is adjusted, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading belt are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 21 of the throwing belt 22 and the angle and the height of the throwing belt 22.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the height lifting adjusting component 15 is hinged with the frame 16, and the height of the fertilizer throwing component 11 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 30 so as to meet the requirements of different working heights.
The organic fertilizer spreading machine is particularly suitable for spreading organic fertilizer in the inter-plant area of an orchard or under the crowns of fruit trees to form strips, is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of fields of common crops, and is suitable for organic fertilizer containing commercial organic fertilizer, livestock manure and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural waste.
Further explaining the working principle of the throwing type earthing device:
the inter-plant throwing machine for organic fertilizer in an orchard can throw fertilizer into inter-plant areas of the orchard or under crowns of fruit trees to form strips, is particularly suitable for applying solid organic fertilizer to ditches in the orchard, is also suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer throwing ranges, and comprises the following specific processes and working principles:
When the organic fertilizer fertilization operation is carried out among orchard plants, according to the fertilization area requirements of different operations, the lifting length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the distance between the fertilizer throwing device and the ground to reach the required operation height, and the telescopic length of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the throwing belt arranged on the transverse telescopic rod to extend out, so that the proper fertilizer dropping position and the proper fertilizer throwing angle are achieved. During fertilizer throwing operation, materials such as organic fertilizer enter the fertilizer throwing device from the carriage through the blanking groove under the action of the scraper blanking device and the blanking auxiliary device. The vehicle body provides power to drive the hydraulic motor, and the throwing belt of the fertilizer throwing device throws fertilizer into the inter-plant area of the orchard or under the crown of the fruit tree to form a strip under the drive of the hydraulic motor. When the inter-plant organic fertilizer throwing machine for orchard fertilization is used for orchard fertilization, the fertilization amount can be controlled by adjusting the speeds of the scraper blanking device, the blanking auxiliary device and the hydraulic motor, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor of the throwing belt, the angle and the height of the throwing belt.

Claims (5)

1.一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,其特征在于,至少包括车体(1)和抛肥装置(8);车体(1)至少包含驾驶室(2)、发动机(3)、车厢(4)、刮板下料装置(5)、辅助下料装置(6);驾驶室(2)右侧和后方分别安装发动机(3)和车厢(4),车厢(4)内部安装有刮板下料装置(5),后部安装有辅助下料装置(6),根据需要将一定量的物料连续均匀地刮送到车厢(4)经下料槽(7),下料槽(7)后部下方横向固定连接抛肥装置(8),物料从车厢(4)经下料槽(7)进入抛肥装置(8);1. An orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreading machine, characterized in that it comprises at least a vehicle body (1) and a fertilizer spreading device (8); the vehicle body (1) comprises at least a cab (2), an engine (3), a carriage (4), a scraper feeding device (5), and an auxiliary feeding device (6); the engine (3) and the carriage (4) are respectively installed on the right side and rear of the cab (2); a scraper feeding device (5) is installed inside the carriage (4); an auxiliary feeding device (6) is installed at the rear, and a certain amount of material is continuously and evenly scraped to the carriage (4) through a feeding trough (7) as required; the fertilizer spreading device (8) is fixedly connected to the rear lower part of the feeding trough (7), and the material enters the fertilizer spreading device (8) from the carriage (4) through the feeding trough (7); 抛肥装置(8)至少包含一个抛肥部件(11)、高度升降调节部件(15)、横向伸缩调节部件(14)、机架(16)、下料槽(7)和挡板(9)部分;抛肥部件(11)至少包含一个抛送带(22)、液压马达(21)、张紧机构(24);抛送带(22)上有刮条(23),抛送带(22)安装在滑轨架(17)上能沿着滑轨架(17)上的横向滑槽(10)进行横向移动,且其中一端与液压马达(21)输出轴连接作为动力输入端,液压马达(21)固定在横向伸缩杆(19)上,能随横向伸缩杆(19)横向移动;张紧机构(24)通过两个张紧调节螺栓(25)进行张紧调节,安装在抛送带(22)的下方滑轨架(17)上;The fertilizer throwing device (8) comprises at least one fertilizer throwing component (11), a height lifting and adjusting component (15), a transverse telescopic adjusting component (14), a frame (16), a feeding trough (7) and a baffle (9); the fertilizer throwing component (11) comprises at least one throwing belt (22), a hydraulic motor (21) and a tensioning mechanism (24); a scraper (23) is provided on the throwing belt (22); the throwing belt (22) is installed on a slide rail frame (17) and can move transversely along a transverse slide groove (10) on the slide rail frame (17); one end of the throwing belt (22) is connected to an output shaft of the hydraulic motor (21) as a power input end; the hydraulic motor (21) is fixed on a transverse telescopic rod (19) and can move transversely with the transverse telescopic rod (19); the tensioning mechanism (24) is tensioned and adjusted by two tensioning adjusting bolts (25) and is installed on the slide rail frame (17) below the throwing belt (22); 横向伸缩调节部件(14)至少包含一个滑轨架(17)、伸缩液压缸(18)、横向伸缩杆(19);滑轨架(17)前后对称,竖直定向固定在机架(16)的滑柱(28)上,滑轨架(17)梁上开有四个横向滑槽(10)和四个升降滑槽(26),左侧的横向滑槽(10)端部逐渐向上翘起,构成圆弧槽(13),通过圆弧槽(13)部分调节抛送带(22)横向倾斜角度,控制不同需求的抛肥射程和施肥范围;滑轨架(17)左侧作为抛料口(12),滑轨架(17)的中间位置开有供伸缩液压缸(18)连接液压油管的油管通孔(20);伸缩液压缸(18)一端固定在滑轨架(17)上,另一端与横向伸缩杆(19)连接,安装在抛送带(22)的松紧两边之间;横向伸缩杆(19)位于滑轨架(17)的上下梁之间,横向伸缩杆(19)在伸缩液压缸(18)的伸缩工作下左右移动,以调节抛肥部件(11)的横向位置;The transverse telescopic adjustment component (14) comprises at least one slide rail frame (17), a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18), and a transverse telescopic rod (19); the slide rail frame (17) is symmetrical in front and back and is vertically fixed on a slide column (28) of a frame (16); four transverse slide grooves (10) and four lifting slide grooves (26) are provided on the beam of the slide rail frame (17); the end of the transverse slide groove (10) on the left side gradually rises upward to form an arc groove (13); the transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt (22) is adjusted through the arc groove (13) to control the throwing range and fertilization range of different requirements; The left side of the slide rail frame (17) serves as a throwing port (12), and an oil pipe through hole (20) for connecting a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) to a hydraulic oil pipe is provided in the middle of the slide rail frame (17); one end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) is fixed to the slide rail frame (17), and the other end is connected to a transverse telescopic rod (19), which is installed between the loose and tight sides of the throwing belt (22); the transverse telescopic rod (19) is located between the upper and lower beams of the slide rail frame (17), and the transverse telescopic rod (19) moves left and right under the telescopic operation of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) to adjust the transverse position of the fertilizer throwing component (11); 高度升降调节部件(15)安装在滑轨架(17)下方,并与机架(16)的铰接端(27)铰连接并定向固定,至少包含一对横向滑杆(29)、一对转动铰连杆(31)、升降液压缸(30);转动铰连杆(31)与机架(16)的铰接端(27)铰接,横向滑杆(29)与升降液压缸(30)连接,横向滑杆(29)能在滑轨架(17)的升降滑槽(26)内横向移动,通过高度升降调节部件(15)调节滑轨架(17)的高度来改变抛肥部件(11)的作业高度和落肥位置;升降液压缸(30)的两端分别与左右两横向滑杆(29)固定;The height lifting and adjusting component (15) is installed below the slide rail frame (17) and is hingedly connected to the hinge end (27) of the frame (16) and fixed in a directional manner. It at least comprises a pair of transverse slide bars (29), a pair of rotating hinge connecting rods (31), and a lifting hydraulic cylinder (30); the rotating hinge connecting rod (31) is hingedly connected to the hinge end (27) of the frame (16), the transverse slide bar (29) is connected to the lifting hydraulic cylinder (30), and the transverse slide bar (29) can move transversely in the lifting slide groove (26) of the slide rail frame (17). The height of the slide rail frame (17) is adjusted by the height lifting and adjusting component (15) to change the operating height and fertilizer placement position of the fertilizer throwing component (11); the two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (30) are respectively fixed to the left and right transverse slide bars (29); 机架(16)固定连接在车体(1)的车厢(4)后端,机架(16)上有两滑柱(28)和两铰接端(27);下料槽(7)连接在车厢(4)后端,固定在机架(16)上;挡板(9)设置在抛送带(22)除左端抛料口(12)外的滑轨架(17)的周边上。The frame (16) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the carriage (4) of the vehicle body (1), and the frame (16) is provided with two slide posts (28) and two hinged ends (27); the material discharge chute (7) is connected to the rear end of the carriage (4) and fixed to the frame (16); the baffle (9) is arranged on the periphery of the slide rail frame (17) of the throwing belt (22) except the throwing port (12) at the left end. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,其特征在于,所述的滑轨架(17)上设有四个横向滑槽(10),仅左侧的横向滑槽(10)端部向上翘起,构成圆弧槽(13),而右侧的横向滑槽(10)呈水平状态。2. An orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that four transverse slide grooves (10) are provided on the slide rail frame (17), and only the end of the transverse slide groove (10) on the left side is tilted upward to form an arc groove (13), while the transverse slide groove (10) on the right side is in a horizontal state. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,其特征在于,所述的刮板下料装置(5)、辅助下料装置(6)、抛送带(22)的转速可调,进而调节肥料的下料量;通过调节抛送带(22)的液压马达(21)转速、抛送带(22)的角度和高度,控制铺肥条带的位置、宽度和厚度。3. The machine for spreading organic fertilizer between orchard plants according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rotation speeds of the scraper feeding device (5), the auxiliary feeding device (6) and the throwing belt (22) are adjustable, thereby adjusting the feeding amount of the fertilizer; and the position, width and thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor (21) of the throwing belt (22), the angle and height of the throwing belt (22). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,其特征在于,所述的高度升降调节部件(15)与机架(16)铰连接,通过调节升降液压缸(30)的伸缩长度来调整抛肥部件(11)的高度,以满足不同作业高度要求。4. The orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader according to claim 1 is characterized in that the height lifting and adjusting component (15) is hingedly connected to the frame (16), and the height of the fertilizer spreading component (11) is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (30) to meet different working height requirements. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,其特征在于,大田作业时,通过调节抛送带(22)的液压马达(21)转速、抛送带(22)的角度来增加抛肥的射程。5. The machine for spreading organic fertilizer between trees in an orchard according to claim 1 is characterized in that, during field operations, the range of fertilizer spreading is increased by adjusting the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor (21) of the throwing belt (22) and the angle of the throwing belt (22).
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