CN110842616A - A clamping tool for gear shaft machining - Google Patents

Abstract

A clamping tool for machining a gear shaft comprises a clamping disc of a machining center, a supporting base, a telescopic cylinder, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve and a supporting cylinder, wherein a through stepped hole is formed in the supporting base, the hollow portion of the expansion sleeve is a tapered hole, one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of first open grooves, the first open grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and equally divide 360-degree circumference, the other end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of second open grooves, the second open grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and equally divide 360-degree circumference, the pull rod is a stepped shaft, the large-diameter section of the stepped shaft is conical and is matched with the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, the supporting base is supported on the clamping disc of the machining center, the supporting cylinder is supported on the supporting base, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large-diameter section of the stepped hole and clamped and fixed by the clamping disc of the machining center, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the supporting cylinder, and the small-diameter section of the, And the supporting cylinder is connected with a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder and combined to form a clamping tool for processing the gear shaft.

Description

A clamping tool for gear shaft machining

technical field

The invention relates to the field of tooling fixtures, in particular to a clamping tooling for gear shaft processing.

Background technique

Referring to Figures 1-3, it is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shaft blank.

The gear shaft blank of this structure is provided with stepped holes to form a hollow thin-walled structure. The gear shaft blank needs to be clamped on a machining center, and then a corresponding number of holes are machined on the circumferential surface of the gear shaft blank.

At present, to clamp the gear shaft blank on the machining center, a specific stepped shaft rod is used to assemble it in the stepped hole of the gear shaft blank, and the clamping and fixing is realized by tightening and fixing the stepped shaft rod. Due to the inevitable gap between the stepped shaft rod and the stepped hole of the gear shaft blank, the gear shaft blank has a certain amount of space in the radial direction. This causes the gear shafts processed in different batches to fail to effectively meet the quality standards.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clamping tool for gear shaft processing in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, which has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and can quickly clamp the gear shaft blank on the machining center, so as to avoid the blank in the processing process. The axial and radial runout can effectively ensure the machining accuracy of the gear shaft blank and meet the quality standards.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a clamping tool for gear shaft machining, comprising a clamping disc of a machining center, a support base, a telescopic cylinder, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve, and a support cylinder, wherein the support base is provided with a through-hole The inner space of the expansion sleeve is a conical hole, and one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a number of first opening grooves. These first opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve and are equally divided into a 360° circumference. The other end is provided with a number of second open grooves, these second open grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve, and are equally divided into a 360° circumference, the first open grooves and the second open grooves are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve. The tie rod is a stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the stepped shaft is conical, and is adapted to the conical hole of the expansion sleeve, the support base is supported on the clamping plate of the machining center, and the support cylinder is supported on the support base , located on the same line as the stepped hole, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole, and is clamped and fixed by the clamping plate of the machining center, and one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support cylinder, And axially positioned, the small diameter section of the tie rod passes through the expansion sleeve and the support cylinder, and is connected with the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder to form a clamping tool for gear shaft processing.

The tie rod is a three-stage stepped shaft.

Also includes a connecting piece, the connecting piece is a secondary stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with a threaded hole, the small diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with an external thread section, and the small diameter section of the tie rod is provided. It is threaded with the threaded hole of the connecting piece, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is threaded with the small diameter section of the connecting piece to form a detachable connection.

The lower end of the support cylinder is fixed with a stepped ring platform, the small diameter section of the stepped ring platform is gap-fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole of the support base, and the lower end face of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform is matched with the support base to form an axial direction. , radial limit, the upper end face of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform forms the support surface of the gear shaft.

The upper end circumference of the support cylinder is provided with a limit flange, the diameter of the limit flange is adapted to the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support cylinder, and is axially limited by the limit flange. bit.

The top circumference of the support cylinder is provided with a positioning flange, the small diameter end of the conical hole of the expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning ring groove, one end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support cylinder, and the positioning flange of the support cylinder is matched with the support cylinder. An axial limit is formed in the positioning ring groove of the expansion sleeve.

The extension length of the first open slot and the second open slot is 7/10-9/10 of the length of the expansion sleeve.

The extending ends of the first opening slot and the second opening slot are expanded in diameter to form holes.

The support base is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and the fixing holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

The expansion sleeve is made by injection molding.

Adopting the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

1. The clamping tooling for gear shaft processing includes the clamping disc of the machining center, the support base, the telescopic cylinder, the tie rod, the expansion sleeve, and the support cylinder. The support base is provided with a through stepped hole, the inner space of the expansion sleeve is a conical hole, and one end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of first opening grooves, and these first opening grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve, And evenly divides the 360° circumference, the other end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a number of second open grooves, these second open grooves extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve, and equally divide the 360° circumference, the first open groove, the second open groove along the length of the expansion sleeve. The circumference of the expansion sleeve is alternately distributed. When the inner space of the expansion sleeve is subjected to an outward force, the groove widths of the first opening slot and the second opening slot become larger, so that the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve is evenly expanded. The tie rod is a stepped shaft, and the large diameter section of the stepped shaft is tapered and is adapted to the conical hole of the expansion sleeve, and the tie rod is used to exert an outward force on the inner space of the expansion sleeve. The support base is supported on the clamping plate of the machining center, the support cylinder is supported on the support base, and is located on the same line as the stepped hole, and the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole, and is formed by The clamping plate of the machining center is clamped and fixed, that is, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is detachably fixed on the clamping plate of the machining center. One end of the expansion sleeve is sleeved on the support cylinder and positioned axially. The small diameter section of the tie rod passes through the expansion sleeve and the support cylinder and is connected with the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder to form a clamping tool for gear shaft processing. The gear shaft blank to be processed is assembled on the support cylinder, and the gear shaft blank is limited in the axial direction. In this state, the expansion sleeve is in the original state, and the inner hole of the gear shaft blank is in a state of clearance fit to control the expansion and contraction. The piston rod of the cylinder retracts, the tapered end of the pulling rod moves toward the clamping disc of the machining center, and the tapered end of the pulling rod cooperates with the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, and exerts a force component towards the clamping disc on the expansion sleeve. The expansion sleeve exerts a radially outward acting component force as a whole. Since the expansion sleeve is axially positioned on the support cylinder, the expansion sleeve compresses the support cylinder on the support base on the one hand, and on the other hand, the expansion sleeve is provided with a plurality of The first opening slot and the second opening slot are evenly widened, so that the expansion sleeve is evenly enlarged in diameter as a whole, and the interference fit is in the inner space of the gear shaft blank, forming axial and radial positioning for the gear shaft blank, effectively preventing the gear shaft. The blanks run out in the axial or radial direction during the machining process to ensure machining accuracy. In addition, because the reducing size of the expansion sleeve is related to the action distance of the tie rod, the expansion sleeve has a certain diameter expansion range, and it is also suitable for clamping gear shaft blanks of various specifications, which effectively reduces the processing cost of the gear shaft blank. .

2. A stepped ring platform is fixed at the lower end of the support cylinder. The small diameter section of the stepped ring platform is gap-fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole of the support base, and is matched with the support base through the lower end face of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform to form an axial direction. , Radial limit, effectively improve the stability of the support cylinder and ensure the machining accuracy of the gear shaft blank. The upper end face of the large diameter section of the stepped ring platform forms the support surface of the gear shaft, which is used to form an axial limit for the gear shaft and improve the support stability of the gear shaft.

3. The extension length of the first opening slot and the second opening slot is 7/10-9/10 of the length of the expansion sleeve, which can effectively expand the opening width range of the first opening slot and the second opening slot, and ensure that both ends of the expansion sleeve are The diameter is evenly expanded, and at the same time, the structural strength of the expansion sleeve is guaranteed to meet the needs of radial positioning of the gear shaft.

4. The extension ends of the first opening slot and the second opening slot are expanded to form holes. On the premise of increasing the opening width range of the first opening slot and the second opening slot, the self-damage of the expansion sleeve can be effectively avoided.

5. The expansion sleeve is made by injection molding, the processing cost is low, and the expansion sleeve itself has a certain amount of deformation when it is pressed against the inner hole wall of the gear shaft, which reduces the deformation of the gear shaft itself and effectively improves the processed gear. shaft quality.

Further description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a gear shaft blank (machined hole) in the background art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shaft blank (machined hole) in the background art;

Fig. 3 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is an axonometric view of the present invention (with gear shaft blank assembled);

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention (equipped with a gear shaft blank);

6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 5;

Fig. 7 is the axonometric view of the tie rod of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tie rod of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the C-C direction sectional view of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is the axonometric view of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the structural representation of the expansion sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 11 .

In the drawings, 1 is a clamping plate, 2 is a support base, 21 is a stepped hole, 22 is a fixing hole, 3 is a telescopic cylinder, 4 is a tie rod, 5 is an expansion sleeve, 51 is a first opening slot, and 52 is a first opening slot. Two open grooves, 53 is a positioning ring groove, 6 is a support cylinder, 61 is a stepped ring platform, 62 is a limiting flange, 63 is a positioning flange, and 7 is a connecting piece.

Detailed ways

In the present invention, components that do not specify specific structures and connection methods are usually conventional components or connection methods.

Referring to FIGS. 4 to 12 , it is a specific embodiment of a clamping tool for processing a gear shaft. The clamping tool for gear shaft processing includes the clamping disc 1 of the machining center, the support base 2, the telescopic cylinder 3, the tie rod 4, the expansion sleeve 5, and the supporting cylinder 6. In this embodiment, the clamping disc of the machining center is five. Of course, the clamping disc of the shaft linkage machining center can also be used for clamping discs of other processing equipment, such as clamping jaws and other equipment matched with lathes. The lower end of the support cylinder 6 is integrally formed with a stepped ring platform 61 . The support base 2 is provided with a through stepped hole 21. Specifically, the support base is cylindrical, the stepped hole is arranged in the middle of the support base, and the large end of the stepped hole is located on the bottom surface of the support base. The small port is located on the top surface of the support base, and the support base 2 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 22, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can be used to fix the support base with bolts, and also play a role in reducing weight. The inner space of the expansion sleeve 5 is a conical hole, the large mouth end of the conical hole is located at the left end of the expansion sleeve, the small mouth end of the conical hole is located at the right end of the expansion sleeve, and the right end of the expansion sleeve 5 is provided with six first openings. The grooves 51, these first open grooves 51 extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve 5, and are equally divided into a 360° circumference. Specifically, the extension length of the first open grooves 51 is 7/10-9/10 of the length of the expansion sleeve 5, And the extension end of the first opening groove 51 is expanded into a hole, and the left end of the expansion sleeve 5 is provided with six second opening grooves 52. These second opening grooves 52 extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve 5, and are equally divided into a 360° circumference. , Specifically, the extension length of the second opening slot 52 is 7/10-9/10 of the length of the expansion sleeve 5, and the extension end of the second opening slot 52 is expanded to form a hole, the first opening slot 51, the second opening slot 51, the second opening slot 52 are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve 5. In order to reduce the processing cost and reduce the damage to the gear shaft, the expansion sleeve 5 is made by injection molding. The tie rod 4 is a stepped shaft, and the large-diameter section of the stepped shaft is conical, and is adapted to the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve 5. Specifically, the tie rod 4 is a three-stage stepped shaft, and the small-diameter section of the three-stage stepped shaft is Equipped with external thread segments. The support base 2 is supported on the clamping plate 1 of the machining center, and the small diameter section of the stepped ring platform 61 at the lower end of the support cylinder is gap-fitted in the small diameter section of the stepped hole 21 of the support base, and is located on the same straight line with the stepped hole 21. , and the lower end surface of the large-diameter section of the stepped ring platform 61 cooperates with the support base 2 to form axial and radial position limits. The upper end surface of the large-diameter section of the stepped ring platform 61 forms the support surface of the gear shaft. The telescopic cylinder The cylinder of 3 is located in the large-diameter section of the stepped hole 21, and is clamped and fixed by the clamping plate 1 of the machining center. One end of the expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the support cylinder 6 and is positioned axially. Among them, the upper end circumference of the support cylinder 6 is integrally formed with a limit flange 62, the diameter of the limit flange 62 is adapted to the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 5, and one end of the expansion sleeve 5 is sleeved on the support cylinder 6, and passes through the limit The flange 62 is axially limited. In order to further improve the limiting effect of the expansion sleeve, a positioning flange 63 is integrally formed on the top circumference of the support cylinder 6. The small diameter end of the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve 5 is provided with a positioning ring groove 53. One end of 5 is sleeved on the support cylinder 6, and the positioning flange 63 of the support cylinder 6 is fitted into the positioning ring groove 53 of the expansion sleeve 5 to form an axial limit. The small diameter section of the tie rod 4 passes through the expansion sleeve 5 and the support cylinder 6, and is connected with the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3 to form a clamping tool for gear shaft processing. Specifically, it also includes a connecting piece 7. The connecting piece 7 is a secondary stepped shaft, the large diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with a threaded hole, the small diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with an external thread section, and the small diameter section of the tie rod 4 is threaded with the threaded hole of the connecting piece 7 In cooperation, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3 is threaded with the small diameter section of the connecting piece 7 to form a detachable connection.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the gear shaft blank to be processed is assembled on the support cylinder, and the right end of the gear shaft blank is limited by the stepped ring platform. In this state, the expansion sleeve is in the original state, and the gear shaft blank The inner hole is in a clearance fit state. Control the retraction of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, the tapered end of the pulling rod moves towards the clamping disc of the machining center, the tapered end of the pulling rod cooperates with the tapered hole of the expansion sleeve, and exerts a force component towards the clamping disc on the expansion sleeve , exert a radially outward acting component force on the expansion sleeve as a whole. Since the expansion sleeve is axially positioned on the support cylinder, the expansion sleeve compresses the support cylinder on the support base on the one hand, and on the other hand, the expansion sleeve is arranged on the support cylinder. The first opening slot and the second opening slot are evenly widened, so that the expansion sleeve is evenly enlarged in diameter as a whole, and the interference fit is in the inner space of the gear shaft blank to form axial and radial positioning for the gear shaft blank. The gear shaft blank can be further processed by the machining center, which can effectively prevent the gear shaft blank from jumping in the axial or radial direction during the processing and ensure the processing accuracy.

After the processing is completed, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is controlled to extend to restore the expansion sleeve to its original state, that is, the radial and axial positioning of the gear shaft is released, and the processed gear shaft is taken out.

Claims (10)

1. A clamping tool for gear shaft machining, characterized in that it comprises a clamping plate (1) of a machining center, a support base (2), a telescopic cylinder (3), a tie rod (4), and an expansion sleeve (5) , and the support cylinder (6), The support base (2) is provided with a through stepped hole (21), The inner space of the expansion sleeve (5) is a conical hole, and one end of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of first opening grooves (51), and these first opening grooves (51) are along the length direction of the expansion sleeve (5). extending and evenly dividing the circumference of 360°, the other end of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of second opening grooves (52), and these second opening grooves (52) extend along the length direction of the expansion sleeve (5) and are equally divided 360° circumference, the first open groove (51) and the second open groove (52) are alternately distributed along the circumference of the expansion sleeve (5), The tie rod (4) is a stepped shaft, and the large-diameter section of the stepped shaft is conical, and is adapted to the conical hole of the expansion sleeve (5), The support base (2) is supported on the clamping plate (1) of the machining center, the support cylinder (6) is supported on the support base (2), and is located on the same line as the stepped hole (21), and the telescopic The cylinder body of the cylinder (3) is located in the large diameter section of the stepped hole (21), and is clamped and fixed by the clamping disc (1) of the machining center, and one end of the expansion sleeve (5) is sleeved on the support cylinder (6). ), and is positioned axially, the small diameter section of the tie rod (4) passes through the expansion sleeve (5) and the support cylinder (6), and is connected with the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (3), and the combination constitutes the clamping of the gear shaft processing. Tooling. 2 . The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1 , wherein the tie rod ( 4 ) is a three-stage stepped shaft. 3 . 3. The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a connecting piece (7), and the connecting piece (7) is a second-stage stepped shaft, and the second-stage stepped shaft has a larger size. The diameter section is provided with a threaded hole, the small diameter section of the secondary stepped shaft is provided with an external thread section, the small diameter section of the tie rod (4) is threadedly matched with the threaded hole of the connecting piece (7), and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (3) It is threaded with the small diameter section of the connecting piece (7) to form a detachable connection. 4 . The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1 , wherein a step ring platform ( 61 ) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the support cylinder ( 6 ), and the small diameter section of the step ring platform ( 61 ) is clearance fit. 5 . In the small-diameter section of the stepped hole (21) of the support base, and through the lower end face of the large-diameter section of the stepped ring platform (61), it cooperates with the support base (2) to form axial and radial limits, and the stepped ring platform (61) 61) The upper end face of the large diameter section forms the support surface of the gear shaft. 5. The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1, wherein a limit flange (62) is provided on the circumference of the upper end of the support cylinder (6), and the diameter of the limit flange (62) is the same as the diameter of the limit flange (62). The outer diameter of the expansion sleeve (5) is adapted, and one end of the expansion sleeve (5) is sleeved on the support cylinder (6) and axially limited by the limiting flange (62). 6. The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top circumference of the support cylinder (6) is provided with a positioning flange (63), and the conical shape of the expansion sleeve (5) is provided with a positioning flange (63). The small diameter end of the hole is provided with a positioning ring groove (53). One end of the expansion sleeve (5) is sleeved on the support cylinder (6), and the positioning flange (63) of the support cylinder (6) is matched with the expansion sleeve (5). An axial limit is formed in the positioning ring groove (53). 7. The clamping tool for gear shaft processing according to claim 1, wherein the extension length of the first open groove (51) and the second open groove (52) is 7 times the length of the expansion sleeve (5). /10-9/10. 8 . The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1 , wherein the extended ends of the first open groove ( 51 ) and the second open groove ( 52 ) are all expanded to form holes. 9 . 9 . The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1 , wherein the support base ( 2 ) is provided with a plurality of fixing holes ( 22 ), and the fixing holes ( 22 ) are uniform along the circumferential direction. 10 . distributed. 10 . The clamping tool for gear shaft machining according to claim 1 , wherein the expansion sleeve ( 5 ) is made by injection molding. 11 .

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