CN110816826A - A helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism, the mechanism includes: a steering gear (1), a reducer box (2), and a universal joint (3); the steering gear (1) includes a cylindrical base ( 110); at least two connecting plates (210) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reducer box (2) in parallel, and the connecting plates (210) are provided with connecting through holes (220), wherein each connecting plate The centerlines of the connecting through holes (220) of (210) are collinear; the universal joint (3) is sleeved on the cylindrical base (110) of the steering gear (1), and the universal joint (3) The universal joint (3) is connected with the connecting through hole (220) of the connecting plate (210) through a connecting rod. . By using the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the probability of deformation of the connection between the steering gear and the reducer can be reduced, and the precision of the steering gear in adjusting the blade pitch can be improved.

Description

A helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of helicopters, in particular to a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism.

Background technique

During the flight of the helicopter, it is necessary to control the pitch of the blades to change the flight status of the helicopter, such as take-off, crawling, forward flight, backward flight, steering, and landing. In the prior art, the steering gear-swash plate structure is usually used to control the pitch of the helicopter blades.

As shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the blade pitch adjustment mechanism adopted in the prior art, the top of the screw rod of the steering gear 1a is connected with the swash plate 4a through the rod end bearing, and the bottom of the steering gear 1a is connected to the reducer box. 2a connection. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the bottom of the steering gear 1a is fixedly provided with two parallel connection bases 110a, and the connection bases 110a are provided with connection holes 120a. The annular column-shaped shock-absorbing pad 130a is sleeved in the connecting hole of the reducer case 2a, and the connecting sleeve 140a passes through the connecting hole 120a of the connecting seat 110a of the steering gear 1a and the inner ring of the shock-absorbing pad 130a in turn to connect the steering gear 1a to the speed reducer. The box body 2a is connected; among them, rubber is formed between the inner and outer rings of the shock-absorbing pad 130a.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the expansion and contraction of the screw rod of the steering gear 1a drives the swash plate 4a to move, so as to adjust the pitch of the blades mounted on the swash plate. When the steering gear 1a drives the swash plate 4a to move, the steering gear 1a can rotate around the central axis of the shock-absorbing pad 130a, and the deformation of the rubber between the inner and outer rings of the shock-absorbing pad 130a can also be used to realize the left-right swing of the steering gear 1a, thereby The steering gear 1a can adjust the position and attitude according to the movement of the swash plate 4a, so as to ensure the adjustment of the pitch of the blades by the steering gear 1a.

However, due to the poor reliability of the rubber between the inner and outer rings of the shock-absorbing pad adopted in the prior art, it is relatively greatly affected by temperature. At high temperature, the rubber is easily melted and failed, and is easily worn. The deformation of the rubber between the inner and outer rings will cause deformation of the connection between the steering gear and the reducer box, thereby affecting the accuracy of the steering gear to adjust the blade pitch.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism, so as to reduce the probability of deformation of the connection between the steering gear and the reducer, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy of the steering gear to the blade pitch. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

The embodiment of the present invention provides a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism, the mechanism includes: a steering gear, a reducer box, and a universal joint;

The steering gear includes a columnar base;

At least two connecting plates are fixed in parallel at the bottom of the reducer box, and the connecting plates are provided with connecting through holes, wherein the center lines of the connecting through holes of the connecting plates are collinear;

The universal joint is sleeved on the cylindrical base of the steering gear, and the universal joint is arranged between at least two connecting plates of the reducer box. The connecting through holes are connected by connecting rods.

Optionally, the universal joint includes an annular steering seat and at least two first steering seat connecting rods;

The annular steering seat is sleeved on the cylindrical base of the steering gear, and the annular steering seat is arranged between at least two connecting plates of the reducer box;

After the at least two first steering seat connecting rods pass through the connecting through holes respectively, they are fixedly connected with the annular steering seat, and the diameters of the at least two first steering seat connecting rods are smaller than the diameter of the connecting through holes. diameter.

Optionally, the universal joint further includes at least two second steering seat connecting rods; the annular steering seat is provided with at least a pair of radial through holes, and each pair of radial through holes in the at least a pair of radial through holes The centerlines of the two through holes of the through holes are collinear;

After the at least two second steering seat connecting rods respectively pass through the two co-linear through holes of the annular steering seat, they are fixedly connected with the cylindrical base of the steering gear, and each second steering seat is connected to The diameter of the rod is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the annular steering seat;

There is a gap between the annular steering seat and the cylindrical base;

The center line of the through hole of the annular steering seat through which the at least two second steering seat connecting rods pass is perpendicular to the center line of the connecting through hole of the reducer case, and the center of the through hole of the annular steering seat is vertical. The line and the center line of the connecting through hole of the reducer box are both perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the steering gear screw rod.

Optionally, the universal joint further includes a first shock-absorbing sleeve, the first shock-absorbing sleeve is fixedly sleeved in the connecting through hole of the reducer box, and the diameter of each steering seat connecting rod is smaller than The inner diameter of the first shock-absorbing sleeve.

Optionally, both the first steering seat connecting rod and the second steering seat connecting rod are bolts; the first steering seat connecting rod and the annular steering seat are threadedly connected; the second steering seat connecting rod It is threadedly connected with the cylindrical base of the steering gear.

Optionally, the universal joint further includes a second shock-absorbing sleeve, the second shock-absorbing sleeve is fixedly sleeved in the through hole of the annular steering seat through which the connecting rod of the second steering seat passes, and the second steering seat connecting rod passes through. The diameter of the second steering seat connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the second shock-absorbing sleeve.

Optionally, the cylindrical base of the steering gear is a cylindrical base.

Optionally, the mechanism further includes a swash plate, and the top end of the screw rod of the steering gear is connected to the swash plate through a rod end bearing.

Optionally, the mechanism further includes an anti-twist arm, one end of the anti-twist arm is connected to the swash plate, and the other end is connected to the reducer case.

The helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a steering gear, a reducer box, and a universal joint; wherein, the steering gear includes a columnar base; at least two connecting plates are fixed and parallel at the bottom of the reducer box. The connecting plate is provided with connecting through holes, and the center lines of the connecting through holes of the connecting plates are collinear; the universal joint is sleeved on the cylindrical base of the steering gear, and the universal joint is arranged at least on the reducer box. Between the two connecting plates, the universal joint and the connecting through holes of the connecting plates are connected by connecting rods.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint is used to connect the reducer box and the steering gear, which can reduce the deformation of the connection between the steering gear and the reducer while ensuring that the steering gear can adjust the position and attitude according to the movement of the swash plate. The probability of , thereby improving the accuracy of the steering gear to the blade pitch adjustment. In addition, the universal joint is sleeved on the base of the steering gear and then connected to the reducer box, and the connecting seat at the bottom of the steering gear can be omitted, so that the volume of the steering gear is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the occupied space is saved. Compact and more reliable. Of course, it is not necessary for any product or method to implement the present invention to simultaneously achieve all of the advantages described above.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the blade pitch adjustment mechanism adopted in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the steering gear adopted in the prior art;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being assembled;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism and blades after installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to reduce the probability of deformation of the connection between the steering gear and the reducer, thereby improving the precision of the steering gear for adjusting the blade pitch, the embodiment of the present invention provides a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism. The helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism is introduced.

It should be noted that the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various types of helicopters such as military helicopters, civil helicopters, and model helicopters.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: a steering gear 1 , a reducer box 2 , and a universal joint 3 ; the steering gear 1 includes a cylindrical base 110 ; At least two connecting plates 210 are fixed and parallel at the bottom of the box body 2, the connecting plates 210 are provided with connecting through holes 220, wherein the center lines of the connecting through holes 220 of the connecting plates 210 are collinear; the universal joints 3 is sleeved on the cylindrical base 110 of the above-mentioned steering gear 1, the above-mentioned universal joint 3 is arranged between at least two connecting plates 210 of the above-mentioned reducer casing 2, and the connection between the above-mentioned universal joint 3 and the above-mentioned connecting plate 210 The holes 220 are connected by connecting rods.

The above-mentioned universal joint 3 refers to a component that can realize shaft power output in different directions. The above-mentioned universal joint 3 can be, for example, a cross-shaft type universal joint, a ball-insertion type universal joint, a ball-cage type universal joint, and the like.

As an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, two connecting plates 210 may be fixed and arranged in parallel at the bottom of the above-mentioned reducer case 2 . In this way, conditions can be provided for the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer housing 2, and space and materials can be saved.

As an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, more than two connecting plates 210 can also be fixed and arranged in parallel at the bottom of the reducer case 2 to provide conditions for the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer case 2 .

In the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the steering gear 1 is retracted up and down, the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1 and the reducer box 2 are rigidly connected through the universal joint 3, and the universal joint 3 can either Rotating the steering gear 1 around the center line of the connecting through hole 220 of the reducer box 2 can also make the steering gear 1 swing left and right between at least two connecting plates 210, so as to flexibly adjust the position and attitude of the steering gear 1. To prevent servo 1 from getting stuck.

Since the universal joint 3 is a rigid member, the helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the probability of deformation of the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer, thereby improving the steering gear 1 to adjust the blade pitch accuracy.

It can be understood that the existing universal joints are generally of the type connected at both ends. When using the existing universal joints to connect two components, the two connected components need to be connected to both ends of the universal joint respectively. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, when using the universal joint 3 provided by the prior art to connect the steering gear 1 and the reducer casing 2, it is necessary to connect the reducer casing 2 and the steering gear 1 to the universal joint respectively. Both ends of 3, in addition, the universal joint 3 itself also needs to occupy a certain space, which leads to a larger space for the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer box 2, so that the steering gear 1 is far from the center of gravity of the reducer , the adjustment accuracy is not high.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 , in an embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint 3 may include an annular steering seat 310 and at least two first steering seat connecting rods 320 . The annular steering seat 310 is sleeved on the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1, and the annular steering seat 310 is arranged between at least two connecting plates 210 of the reducer housing 2; the at least two first steering The seat connecting rods 320 are fixedly connected to the annular steering seat 310 after passing through the connecting through holes 220 respectively. The diameters of the at least two first steering seat connecting rods 320 are smaller than the diameters of the connecting through holes 220 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, since the diameter of the first steering seat connecting rod 320 is smaller than the diameter of the connecting through hole 220, the first steering seat connecting rod 320 can rotate in the connecting through hole 220, so that the steering gear 3 can be connected around the The centerline of the through hole 220 is rotated.

The universal joint 3 of the annular structure used in the embodiment of the present invention can be sleeved on the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1, and the universal joint 3 of the annular structure itself only needs to occupy a small space, so that the steering gear and the speed reducer The structure of the connection of the box body is more compact, which makes the steering gear closer to the center of gravity of the reducer, and improves the precision of pitch adjustment.

In practical applications, multiple steering gears 1 may be distributed along the circumferential direction of the reducer casing 2 , for example, three or four steering gears 1 may be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the reducer casing 2 . Those skilled in the art can select the number of steering gears according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this application.

In order to further save the space occupied by the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer casing 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint 3 may further include at least two second steering seat connecting rods 330; The steering seat 310 is provided with at least one pair of radial through holes, and the centerlines of the two through holes of each pair of the at least one pair of radial through holes are collinear.

After the at least two second steering seat connecting rods 330 respectively pass through the two through holes of the ring-shaped steering seat 310 whose center lines are collinear, they are fixedly connected to the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1, and the second steering seats are connected to each other. The diameter of the rod 330 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the annular steering seat 310 ; there is a gap between the annular steering seat 310 and the cylindrical base 110 .

The center line of the through hole of the annular steering seat 310 through which the at least two second steering seat connecting rods 330 pass is perpendicular to the center line of the connecting through hole 220 of the reducer case 2, and the through hole of the annular steering seat 310 The center line of the above-mentioned speed reducer casing 2 and the center line of the connecting through hole 220 of the above-mentioned reducer casing 2 are both perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the above-mentioned steering gear 1 screw rod.

The gap between the annular steering seat 310 and the cylindrical base 110 can be specifically set according to the swing amplitude of the steering gear 1 between the at least two connecting plates 210 of the reducer housing 2 . For example, if the swing amplitude of the steering gear 1 between the at least two connecting plates 210 of the reducer casing 2 is large, the gap can be increased; if the steering gear 1 is at least two connecting plates 210 of the reducer casing 2 If the swing amplitude between them is small, the gap can be reduced, which is not specifically limited in this application.

The second steering seat connecting rod 330 is used to connect the annular steering seat 310 and the steering gear 1 with the above structure. Since the diameter of each second steering seat connecting rod 330 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the annular steering seat 310, and the annular steering seat 310 and the There is a gap between the above-mentioned cylindrical bases 110, so the steering gear 1 can rotate around the center line of the through hole of the annular steering seat 310, that is, the steering gear 1 can rotate around the center line of the connecting rod 330 of the second steering seat, so that the steering gear 1 can be rotated at the center line of the connecting rod 330 of the second steering seat. Swing between at least two connecting plates 210 of the reducer case 2 . Moreover, the above-mentioned structure is simple and compact, which further saves the occupied space of the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer box 2 .

In order to facilitate the processing and assembly of the steering gear 1, the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1 may be a cylindrical base.

In order to facilitate disassembly and improve the reuse rate of each component, in an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the first steering seat connecting rod 320 and the second steering seat connecting rod 330 may both be bolts; The seat connecting rod 320 and the above-mentioned annular steering seat 310 may be threadedly connected; the above-mentioned second steering seat connecting rod 330 and the cylindrical base 110 of the steering gear 1 may be threadedly connected.

In practical applications, the threaded connection has the advantages of convenient disassembly and high reusability of components. Therefore, the above technical solution facilitates the disassembly of each component, and can also improve the reuse rate of each component.

In practical applications, the frequency of pitch adjustment by the steering gear 1 is very high, so the wear of the connection between the steering gear 1 and the reducer box 2 is very fast. Therefore, in order to reduce the wear on the reducer case 2, in an embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint 3 may further include a first shock absorbing sleeve 340, and the first shock absorbing sleeve 340 is fixedly sleeved In the connecting through hole 220 of the speed reducer case 2 , the diameter of each steering seat connecting rod 320 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first shock absorbing sleeve 340 .

In order to reduce the wear on the annular steering seat 310, in an embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the universal joint 3 may further include a second shock-absorbing sleeve 350, and the second shock-absorbing sleeve 350 is fixedly sleeved on the above-mentioned No. In the through hole of the annular steering seat 310 through which the second steering seat connecting rod 330 passes, in order to realize the left and right swing of the steering gear 1, there should be a gap between the second steering seat connecting rod 330 and the second shock absorbing sleeve 350. Therefore, , the diameter of the second steering seat connecting rod 330 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the second shock absorber sleeve 350 .

When the shock-absorbing sleeve is installed, the worn part is the shock-absorbing sleeve, not the speed reducer case 2 or the annular steering seat 310 with complex structure. When parts are replaced, only the worn shock-absorbing sleeve needs to be replaced, thereby prolonging the service life of the reducer case 2 and the annular steering seat 310 and reducing the cost of parts replacement.

In practical applications, it is necessary to change the inclination angle of the helicopter blades to adjust the pitch of the helicopter. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , the above-mentioned helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism may further include a swash plate 4, and the top end of the screw rod of the above-mentioned steering gear 1 is connected to the above-mentioned swash plate 4 through a rod end bearing.

In the actual working process, the swash plate 4 will tilt at different angles through the expansion and contraction of the screw rod of the steering gear 1. By controlling the telescopic amount of the screw rod of the steering gear 1, the inclination angle of the swash plate can be controlled. As shown in FIG. 6 , the blade 6 is installed on the swash plate 4 , and the inclination angle of the blade 6 also changes correspondingly with the change of the inclination angle of the swash plate 4 , so as to realize the adjustment of the pitch.

In practical applications, when the swash plate 4 is twisted, the adjustment accuracy of the pitch of the steering gear 1 will decrease. Therefore, in an embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism may further include an anti-twist arm 5 , one end of the above-mentioned anti-twist arm 5 is connected to the above-mentioned swash plate 4 , and the other end is connected to the above-mentioned reducer box 2 . . The arrangement of the anti-twist arm 5 can reduce the amplitude and probability of twisting of the swash plate, thereby improving the accuracy of the pitch adjustment of the steering gear 1 .

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A helicopter pitch adjustment mechanism comprising: the steering engine (1) and the reducer box body (2) are characterized by further comprising a universal joint (3);

the steering engine (1) comprises a columnar base (110);

at least two connecting plates (210) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the speed reducer box body (2) in parallel, connecting through holes (220) are formed in the connecting plates (210), and the central lines of the connecting through holes (220) of the connecting plates (210) are collinear;

the universal joint (3) is sleeved on the columnar base (110) of the steering engine (1), the universal joint (3) is arranged between at least two connecting plates (210) of the speed reducer box body (2), and the universal joint (3) is connected with connecting through holes (220) of the connecting plates (210) through connecting rods.

2. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the universal joint (3) comprises an annular knuckle (310), at least two first knuckle support connecting rods (320);

the annular steering seat (310) is sleeved on the columnar base (110) of the steering engine (1), and the annular steering seat (310) is arranged between at least two connecting plates (210) of the reducer box body (2);

the at least two first steering seat connecting rods (320) are fixedly connected with the annular steering seat (310) after penetrating through the connecting through holes (220), and the diameters of the at least two first steering seat connecting rods (320) are smaller than the diameter of the connecting through holes (220).

3. Mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the universal joint (3) further comprises at least two second steering seat connecting rods (330); the annular steering seat (310) is provided with at least one pair of radial through holes, and the central lines of two through holes of each pair of radial through holes in the at least one pair of radial through holes are collinear;

the at least two second steering seat connecting rods (330) respectively penetrate through the through holes of the two collinear central lines of the annular steering seat (310) and then are fixedly connected with the columnar base (110) of the steering engine (1), and the diameter of each second steering seat connecting rod (330) is smaller than that of the through hole of the annular steering seat (310);

a gap is formed between the annular steering seat (310) and the columnar base (110);

the central line of the through hole of the annular steering seat (310) which is penetrated by the at least two second steering seat connecting rods (330) is perpendicular to the central line of the connecting through hole (220) of the speed reducer box body (2), and the central line of the through hole of the annular steering seat (310) and the central line of the connecting through hole (220) of the speed reducer box body (2) are perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the screw rod of the steering engine (1).

4. The mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the universal joint (3) further comprises a first damping sleeve (340), the first damping sleeve (340) is fixedly sleeved in the connecting through hole (220) of the reduction gear box body (2), and the diameter of each steering seat connecting rod (320) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first damping sleeve (340).

5. The mechanism of claim 3, wherein the first and second steering seat connecting rods (320, 330) are both bolts; the first steering seat connecting rod (320) is in threaded connection with the annular steering seat (310); and the second steering seat connecting rod (330) is in threaded connection with the columnar base (110) of the steering engine (1).

6. The mechanism according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the universal joint (3) further comprises a second damping sleeve (350), the second damping sleeve (350) is fixedly sleeved in a through hole of the annular steering seat (310) through which the second steering seat connecting rod (330) passes, and the diameter of the second steering seat connecting rod (330) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second damping sleeve (350).

7. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical base (110) of the steering engine (1) is a cylindrical base.

8. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a swash plate (4), wherein the top end of the lead screw of the steering engine (1) is connected with the swash plate (4) through a rod end bearing.

9. The mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a torsion-proof arm (5), one end of said torsion-proof arm (5) being connected to said swash plate (4) and the other end being connected to said reducer case (2).

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