CN110815628B - A polymer melt disentanglement device - Google Patents
A polymer melt disentanglement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110815628B CN110815628B CN201911109102.6A CN201911109102A CN110815628B CN 110815628 B CN110815628 B CN 110815628B CN 201911109102 A CN201911109102 A CN 201911109102A CN 110815628 B CN110815628 B CN 110815628B
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 3
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- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/62—Screws characterised by the shape of the thread channel, e.g. U-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92019—Pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92085—Velocity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/922—Viscosity; Melt flow index [MFI]; Molecular weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92209—Temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种聚合物熔体解缠结装置中依次连接的驱动电机、解缠结机构、成型口模由支撑机构固定支撑，在线检测机构安装在解缠结机构和成型口模上，支撑机构固定连接于底座上，解缠结机构中后部一侧外接挤出机的出口端，控制系统与驱动电机相连。本发明可使熔体中的分子链在周向剪切场或周向振动场，尤其是周向剪切和周向振动叠加的复合应力场下逐渐移开，达到高度的解缠结效果，不仅可解决因高分子材料粘度高而引起的材料翘曲变形、熔接痕强度差等问题，还可在保持粘度变化不大的情况下，大幅降低成型温度，从而使制品的整体温差减小、内应力降低。
The present invention discloses a polymer melt disentanglement device in which a driving motor, a disentanglement mechanism, and a molding die are connected in sequence and fixedly supported by a supporting mechanism, an online detection mechanism is installed on the disentanglement mechanism and the molding die, the supporting mechanism is fixedly connected to a base, one side of the rear portion of the disentanglement mechanism is externally connected to the outlet end of an extruder, and a control system is connected to the driving motor. The present invention can gradually move away the molecular chains in the melt under a circumferential shear field or a circumferential vibration field, especially under a composite stress field of circumferential shear and circumferential vibration superposition, to achieve a high degree of disentanglement effect, which can not only solve the problems of material warping deformation and poor weld mark strength caused by the high viscosity of polymer materials, but also can greatly reduce the molding temperature while keeping the viscosity change small, thereby reducing the overall temperature difference and internal stress of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer material processing equipment, and particularly relates to a device capable of achieving disentanglement under a polymer melt state and continuously outputting disentangled plastic melt.
Background
The polymer material is one of the most widely used important materials for modern people, and has great significance for the development of science and technology and the improvement of economic level, and how to process the polymer material more energy-saving, environment-friendly, high-efficiency and high-quality
It is known that below the so-called critical molecular weight Mc, the viscosity of the polymer melt is proportional to the relative molecular weight M, whereas when the relative molecular weight is higher than Mc, the polymer chains in the molten state are entangled with each other to form an entangled network, limiting the ability of the molecular chains to move in the melt, making the viscosity of the polymer melt proportional to the 3.4 th power of the molecular weight M, greatly increasing the viscosity of the material, and making the molding process difficult. This entails that in general both extrusion and injection moulding of the polymeric material needs to be carried out at relatively high pressures (injection moulding melt pressures up to 100 MPa) and relatively high melt temperatures (typically above 200 ℃), which undoubtedly results in considerable energy consumption. This problem is particularly pronounced when high viscosity materials are used to form thin wall large articles. In theory, for a polymer of a specific molecular weight, if partial disentanglement or even complete disentanglement of the polymer chain can be achieved in the melt state, the viscosity of the polymer melt can be significantly reduced, thereby greatly improving the processability of the polymer material. Compared with the traditional method of improving the flowability and processability of the polymer by adding the plasticizer or reducing the molecular weight, the viscosity is reduced by the disentangling mode, so that the processability is improved, the molecular weight of the polymer material is not greatly influenced, and the mechanical property of the final product is not reduced.
Most of the existing mainstream melt processing devices (such as extrusion, injection molding and the like) can only provide a simple shear field, and the generated shear direction, shear rate and the like are unchanged. This simple shear field causes slippage of the interlayer molecular chains flowing in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction, thereby releasing the entanglement points to some extent, and causing a phenomenon of viscosity decrease, which is called "shear thinning". The viscosity reduction caused by shear thinning is beneficial to the processing process, but due to the constant shear rate and short shear time, when the thermal movement of the molecular chain results in the dynamic balance between the recovery entanglement and the shear-induced disentanglement, the entanglement state of the molecular chain is maintained unchanged, disentanglement is not continued, and the viscosity is maintained unchanged. Therefore, the simple shear field disentanglement effect generated by the existing device is very limited, and high-efficiency molecular chain disentanglement is not easy to realize, so that the processability of the polymer material cannot be greatly improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
It is known that no studies have been reported in the literature on how to further utilize stress fields to achieve high disentanglement of polymer melt, and no device is dedicated to large-scale preparation of polymer melt disentangled viscosity-reducing raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the blank of the prior art and provides a device capable of achieving disentanglement and viscosity reduction under the state of polymer melt and continuously outputting disentangled melt.
The invention provides a polymer melt disentangling device for achieving the purpose, which is characterized by comprising a driving motor, a disentangling mechanism, a forming die, a fixing mechanism, an on-line detection mechanism, a supporting mechanism, a base and a control system which are sequentially connected, wherein the driving motor, the disentangling mechanism and the forming die which are fixed by the fixing mechanism are fixedly supported by the supporting mechanism, the on-line detection mechanism is arranged on the disentangling mechanism and the forming die, the supporting mechanism is fixedly connected to the base, one side of the rear part of the disentangling mechanism is externally connected with an outlet end of an extruder, and the control system is connected with the driving motor.
The disentangling mechanism described in the above melt disentangling apparatus comprises a disentangling mandrel, a barrel and a heating jacket. The disentangled mandrel is movably and fixedly connected with a fixing mechanism outside the rear half section to enable the front half section cantilever to be positioned in the charging barrel, a smooth surface or a thread surface uniformly provided with at least 2 threads in the same direction is arranged on the front half section of the mandrel, each thread starts from the edge of an annular groove formed in the outer surface of the mandrel corresponding to the charging hole of the charging barrel, the lift angle phi of the thread is 45-85 degrees, the depth of the thread groove is 0.5-3 mm, the rear end of the mandrel is connected with a driving motor through a coupler, the charging barrel is connected with the outside of the disentangled mandrel through the fixing mechanism outside the rear end, the charging hole is formed in one side of the cylinder wall corresponding to the annular groove of the disentangled mandrel, the charging hole is externally connected with the outlet end of the extruder through an extruder connector, the inner surface of the cylinder wall behind the charging hole is the smooth surface or is provided with at least 2 raised threads with the rotation directions opposite to the direction of the threads of the disentangled mandrel, the lift angle phi of the threads and the depth of the thread groove are identical to the threads on the mandrel, and the heating sleeve is positioned outside the charging barrel.
The diameter D of the disentangling mandrel in the disentangling mechanism in the melt disentangling device is 15-60 mm, preferably 30-50 mm, and the length-diameter ratio L/D is 10-30, preferably 15-20.
The number of thread heads of the untwisting mandrel in the untwisting mechanism in the melt untwisting device is preferably 2-4.
The section of the thread on the untwisting mandrel and the thread on the charging barrel in the untwisting mechanism in the melt untwisting device are rectangular, zigzag or trapezoid.
A viscosity test cavity is reserved between the front end head of the untwisting mandrel and the end head of the charging barrel of the untwisting mechanism in the melt untwisting device, so that a viscometer can be conveniently inserted and released, and interference of mandrel disturbance is avoided.
The fixing mechanism in the melt unwrapping device is composed of a bearing, a bearing cover, a bearing seat and a bearing seat connecting flange. The bearing is positioned in the bearing seat, and the bearing cover and the bearing seat connecting flange are respectively positioned at two ends of the bearing seat and are fixedly connected into a whole through the connecting piece. The bearing seat is internally provided with a cooling water channel which is arranged on the seat body at one end connected with the bearing seat connecting flange and is an annular water tank which is not penetrated, the notch is provided with a plug matched with the annular water tank, and the middle section walls of the two blind ends of the annular water tank are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
The online detection mechanism in the melt unwrapping device comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an online viscometer. The temperature sensors are at least four, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively arranged on the cylinder wall behind the feed inlet of the charging cylinder and the middle cylinder wall, the third temperature sensor is arranged on the cavity wall at one side of the front end head of the charging cylinder, the fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the molding die wall, the pressure sensors are at least two, the first pressure sensor is arranged on the cylinder wall corresponding to the feed inlet, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the molding die wall, and the online viscometer is arranged on the cavity wall at the other side of the front end head of the charging cylinder.
The supporting mechanism in the melt unwrapping device is at least composed of four plate-type supporting and fixing columns, wherein the first supporting and fixing column is fixed on the base through a connecting piece by a column seat horizontally extending from one side of the bottom, and the second supporting and fixing columns to the fourth supporting and fixing column are fixed on the base through connecting pieces by column seats horizontally extending from two sides of the respective bottom. The first support fixing column is located at the driving motor, the column body section is L-shaped, a reinforcing rib is arranged on one side of the L-shape, a through hole is formed in the upper portion of the L-shape, an output shaft of the driving motor penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the disentangling mandrel through a coupler, a connecting flange at the rear side of the output shaft is fixedly connected with the first support fixing column through a connecting piece to be supported, the second support fixing column to the fourth support fixing column are sequentially located outside the fixing mechanism, outside a charging barrel in front of a feeding hole and outside a charging barrel at the front end of the disentangling mandrel respectively, the fixed end of the upper half of the second support fixing column is composed of a semicircular notch connected with the lower half of the second support fixing column into a whole and a semicircular fixing arc strip movably connected with the second support fixing column, and the second support fixing column is connected with a horizontal wing with the through hole through connecting pieces extending from the end edges of the two sides respectively.
The control system in the melt unwrapping device is a computer and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) arranged in the computer, namely the drive motor connected with the control system can be controlled to perform circumferential rotation, circumferential vibration or composite motion of circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration superposition through the following 4 parameters (calculation modes of the 4 parameters) which are input externally:
V1=2f·θ+V
V2=V-2f·θ
θ1=(2f·θ+V)/2f
θ2=(V-2f·θ)/2f
Wherein V1 is the forward feed speed in rad/s;
V2 is the reverse feed speed in rad/s;
θ1 is the positive feed angle in rad;
θ2 is the reverse feed angle in rad;
V is the rotation speed, the unit is r/min, and the selection is specifically carried out according to different polymer types;
f is vibration frequency, the unit is Hz, and the vibration frequency is specifically selected according to different polymer types;
θ is the vibration amplitude in degrees, and is specifically selected according to the type of polymer.
The values for V, f and θ for several common materials can be selected within the following table:
| Material | V/r·min-1 | f/Hz | θ/° |
| Polyethylene (PE) | 5~40 | 5~10 | 10~30 |
| Polypropylene (PP) | 5~40 | 5~10 | 5~30 |
| Polycarbonate (PC) | 10~30 | 3~10 | 15~40 |
| Polystyrene (PS) | 10~30 | 3~10 | 5~30 |
A decelerator may be provided between the driving motor and the mandrel as required in the above melt disentangling apparatus, as is well known to those skilled in the art.
The forming die in the melt unwrapping device can be selected from a die for forming sheets, films or filaments and is replaced according to the requirement, and the forming die is connected with the charging barrel through a machine head connecting flange.
When the device works, firstly, the heating sleeve of the disentangling device and the cooling water of the bearing seat are opened, when the temperature rises to the melting temperature of disentangling materials, the driving motor is started, the calculated numerical value of the parameter V 1、V2、θ1、θ2 is input through the computer touch display screen of the control system, the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) outputs a control instruction, the driving motor drives the connected disentangling mandrel to move according to the instruction, and then the plasticized plastic melt is input into the charging barrel through the extruder connector by the extruder. The polymer melt is disentangled by the circumferential shearing and dragging action of the upper surfaces or screw flights of the barrel and the mandrel. The disentangled melt is passed through a forming die under the extrusion pressure of an extruder to form the article. The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor which are arranged on the charging barrel and the forming die can monitor the temperature of plastic in the charging barrel in a molten state in real time, when the temperature is higher than the required temperature, the heating sleeve stops heating, and when the temperature is lower than the required temperature, the heating sleeve starts heating again. The first pressure sensor arranged at the feeding end of the charging barrel and the second pressure sensor arranged at the discharging end of the charging barrel can monitor the pressure change in the extrusion process in real time. The on-line viscometer arranged at the discharge end of the charging barrel can monitor the viscosity change of the plastic melt in the disentanglement process in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The control system in the melt disentangling device provided by the invention can lead the disentangling mandrel to apply a circumferential rotation stress field or a circumferential vibration stress field or a composite motion stress field of circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration superposition to the melt entering the disentangling mandrel, and can amplify the effect of the stress field if the stress field is disturbed along with the protruding threads, thereby leading the molecular chains in the melt to gradually move away when the stress direction is continuously changed at one time under the circumferential shearing field or the circumferential vibration field, especially under the composite stress field of circumferential shearing and circumferential vibration superposition, and further achieving the high disentangling effect.
2. The melt disentangling device provided by the invention has the advantages that the threads of the disentangling mandrel are multi-head threads with equal depths, large lift angles and shallow screw grooves, and the raised threads with the same angles and depths and opposite to the screw edges on the mandrel are distributed on the charging barrel, so that stronger stress effect can be generated on the polymer melt, and the disentangling effect is further improved.
3. The melt disentanglement device provided by the invention can not only enable the disentanglement mandrel to generate a single circumferential rotation stress field or a single circumferential vibration stress field under the condition of adopting one driving motor, but also simultaneously generate a composite stress field of circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration, so that the complexity of the overall size and structure of the whole device is smaller and the manufacturing cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring and improving disentanglement effect.
4. The melt disentanglement device provided by the invention is directly connected with the forming die, so that not only can disentangled polymer melt be directly extruded and formed to obtain various products, but also the melt still in an disentangled state during extrusion and forming has lower viscosity and stronger movement capability of a molecular chain, thus the surface quality of the obtained formed product, such as surface roughness, transparency of an amorphous material and the like, can be improved, and the crystallinity and mechanical property of the crystalline material can be expected to be improved to a certain extent.
5. The melt disentanglement device provided by the invention can be used for directly extruding and shaping yarn to be granulated into granules, and the granules can keep the disentangled state in the melt and are used for secondary processing, so that on one hand, the disentangled state in the melt can show lower viscosity in the secondary processing, and various problems caused by high viscosity of a high polymer material, such as material buckling deformation, poor weld mark strength and the like caused by high filling resistance and high heat loss, can be solved to a great extent. On the other hand, under the condition of keeping the viscosity unchanged, the disentangled granules can greatly reduce the forming temperature, so that the overall temperature difference of the product is reduced, and the internal stress is reduced.
6. The melt disentanglement device provided by the invention is also provided with an on-line detection mechanism, so that parameters such as melt viscosity, shear rate, melt pressure, temperature and the like can be measured and accurately controlled in real time, and disentanglement effect can be indirectly known through melt viscosity so as to carry out real-time adjustment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a polymer melt detangling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view assembly of a polymer melt detangling apparatus provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional front view of a cartridge of a polymer melt disentangling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a perspective side view of a bearing housing in a polymer melt detangling device provided by the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional view of a housing of a polymer melt disentangling apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of second to fourth supporting fixing columns in the polymer melt disentangling device provided by the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a polymer melt disentangling mandrel with smooth surface in front view.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the motion of a drive motor in a polymer melt detangling apparatus provided by the present invention. The method comprises the steps of (1) obtaining a circumferential vibration time angular velocity-time curve, (2) obtaining a circumferential rotation time angular velocity-time curve, and (3) obtaining a circumferential vibration and circumferential rotation superposition time angular velocity-time curve.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the melt flow of Polycarbonate (PC) material after various times of processing using the polymer melt detangling apparatus provided by the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the complex viscosity versus oscillation frequency of a low density polyethylene in a flat rheometer after 5 minutes of treatment under different motion conditions using a polymer melt detangling apparatus provided by the present invention.
In fig. 1-7, 1-drive motor, 2-reducer, 3-coupler, 4-disentangled mandrel, 5-thread, 6-annular groove, 7-barrel, 8-feed port, 9-extruder connector, 10-heating jacket, 11-bearing, 12-bearing cap, 13-bearing housing, 14-cooling water channel, 15-plug, 16-cooling water inlet, 17-cooling water outlet, 18-bearing housing connecting flange, 19-first temperature sensor, 20-second temperature sensor, 21-third temperature sensor, 22-fourth temperature sensor, 23-first pressure sensor, 24-second pressure sensor, 25-in-line viscometer, 26-first support fixing column, 27-stiffener, 28-second support fixing column, 29-third support fixing column, 30-fourth support fixing column, 31-column base, 32-semicircular notch end, 33-semicircular fixing arc strip, 34-base, 35-molding die, 36-extruder.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are necessary to indicate that the following examples are given for further illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since those skilled in the art will make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention based on the teachings herein and yet remain within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a polymer melt disentanglement device as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The device specifically comprises a driving motor 1, a speed reducer 2, an disentangling mechanism, a forming die 35, a fixing mechanism, an on-line detection mechanism, a supporting mechanism, a base 34 and a control system which are connected in sequence. The driving motor 1, the disentangling mechanism fixed by the fixing mechanism and the forming die 35 which are connected in sequence are fixedly supported by the supporting mechanism, the on-line detection mechanism is arranged on the disentangling mechanism and the forming die 35, the supporting mechanism is fixedly connected to the base 34, the rear part of the disentangling mechanism is externally connected with the outlet end of the extruder, and the control system is connected with the driving motor 1.
Wherein the disentanglement mechanism comprises a disentanglement mandrel 4, a cartridge 7 and a heating jacket 10. The disentangled mandrel 4 is movably and fixedly connected through a fixing mechanism positioned outside the second half section, so that the cantilever at the first half section is positioned in the charging barrel 7, the diameter D of the cantilever is 45mm, the length-diameter ratio L/D of the cantilever is 15, the first half section of the mandrel 4 is a threaded surface with 3 threads 5 correspondingly and uniformly distributed in the same direction, each thread 5 starts from the edge of an annular groove 6 opened on the mandrel 4 corresponding to the charging inlet of the charging barrel 7, and the annular groove 6 plays a buffering role so as to prevent molten materials from being stagnated. The lead angle phi of each thread 5 is 75 degrees, the depth of the thread groove is 3mm, the cross section of the thread 5 is rectangular, the rear end head of the mandrel is connected with the driving motor 1 through the coupler 3, and a viscosity test cavity is reserved between the front end head and the end head of the feed cylinder 7 so as to facilitate the insertion of an online viscometer 25, and the interference of the disturbance of the mandrel 4 on the disentangled materials is avoided, and the effect is influenced. The charging barrel 7 is connected to the outside of the disentangling mandrel 4 through a fixing mechanism outside the rear end head, a charging port 8 is arranged on one side of the barrel wall corresponding to the material annular groove 6 of the disentangling mandrel 4, the charging port 8 is externally connected with an extruder 36 through an inverted T-shaped extruder connector 9 (see figure 2) with a through hole or a thread connected or welded on the charging port 8 through the middle part, and the embodiment adopts the thread connection. The connector 9 is connected with an extruding outlet flange of the extruder 36 through the other end part, polymer melt plasticized by the extruder 36 is input into the disentangling mechanism through a feeding hole 8 under the action of extruding pressure and is output through a forming die 35, 3 raised threads 5 with the rotation direction opposite to the thread direction of the disentangling mandrel are arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder wall, as shown in figure 3, the rising angle of the threads and the depth of the screw grooves are the same as those of the threads on the mandrel, the tail end of the cylinder 7 is connected with the forming die 35 through a flange plate with the end head, and the heating sleeve 10 is coated outside the cylinder 7.
The fixing mechanism consists of a bearing 11, a bearing cover 12, a bearing seat 13 and a bearing seat connecting flange 18. The bearing 11 is located in the bearing seat 13, the bearing cover 12 and the bearing seat connecting flange 18 are respectively located at two ends of the bearing seat 13 and are fixedly connected into a whole through connecting pieces, the tapered roller bearing is adopted in the embodiment, and a cooling water channel 14 is formed in the bearing seat 13 for heat insulation. The disentangling mandrel 4 in the disentangling mechanism is supported and fixedly connected by the bearing seat 13 in the disentangling mechanism through the fixing mechanism. The cooling water channel of the bearing seat of the embodiment is arranged on the seat body connected with one end of the bearing seat connecting flange 18, is an annular water channel which is not penetrated, the notch is provided with a matched plug 15, and the middle section walls of the two blind ends of the annular water channel are respectively provided with cooling water inlets and outlets 16-17, as shown in figures 4 and 5.
The online detection mechanism comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an online viscometer. At least four temperature sensors are arranged, and the embodiment is four. Wherein the first temperature sensor 19 and the second temperature sensor 20 are respectively arranged on the cylinder wall behind the feed inlet of the charging cylinder 7 and the middle cylinder wall, the third temperature sensor 21 is arranged on the cavity wall at one side of the front end head of the charging cylinder 7, and the fourth temperature sensor 22 is arranged on the molding die wall. There are at least two pressure sensors, and the present embodiment is provided with two pressure sensors. Wherein the first pressure sensor 23 is arranged on the wall of the charging barrel 7 corresponding to the charging hole 8, the second pressure sensor 24 is arranged on the wall of the forming die 35, and the on-line viscometer 25 is arranged on the wall of the cavity of the front end head of the charging barrel 7.
The supporting mechanism is composed of at least four plate-type supporting fixing columns, and the number of the supporting mechanism is four in the embodiment. The first support fixing column 26 is fixed to the base 34 by a connector through a column base 31 extending horizontally from one side of the bottom, and the second to fourth support fixing columns 28 to 30 are each fixed to the base 34 by a connector through a column base 31 extending horizontally from both sides of the respective bottom. The first support fixing column 26 is positioned at the driving motor 1, the column body section of the first support fixing column is L-shaped, a reinforcing rib 27 is arranged on one side of the L-shape, a through hole is formed in the upper part of the first support fixing column, the driving motor 1 passes through the through hole through an output shaft of the speed reducer 2 and is connected with the disentanglement mandrel 4 through the coupler 3, a connecting flange on the output shaft of the speed reducer 2 is fixedly connected with the first support fixing column 26 through a connecting piece and is supported by the first support fixing column, the second support fixing column 28-the fourth support fixing column 30 are sequentially positioned outside the bearing seat 13 and outside the feed cylinder 7 in front of the feed inlet 8 respectively and outside the feed cylinder at the front end of the disentanglement mandrel 4, and the fixed end of the upper half part of the second support fixing column is composed of a semicircular notch end 32 which is connected with the lower half part integrally and another movably connected semicircular fixing arc strip 33 (see figure 6) and is connected through column bases 31 with through holes which extend from the end edges of the two sides respectively through the connecting pieces.
The control system is a computer and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) arranged in the computer, 4 parameters which can be calculated through the following formulas input from the outside during use can be used for programming and controlling a driving motor connected with the control system by the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), so that a disentangled mandrel connected with the control system can acquire a required movement mode, and circumferential rotation, circumferential vibration or composite movement of circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration superposition can be carried out:
V1=2f·θ+V
V2=V-2f·θ
θ1=(2f·θ+V)/2f
θ2=(V-2f·θ)/2f
Wherein V1 is the forward feed speed in rad/s;
V2 is the reverse feed speed in rad/s;
θ1 is the positive feed angle in rad;
θ2 is the reverse feed angle in rad;
V is the rotation speed, the unit is r/min, and the selection is specifically carried out according to different polymer types;
f is vibration frequency, the unit is Hz, and the vibration frequency is specifically selected according to different polymer types;
θ is the vibration amplitude in degrees, and is specifically selected according to the type of polymer.
The driving motor of this embodiment adopts a servo motor, and the working principle of the servo motor is shown in fig. 8. When v=0, f·θ+.0, the motion pattern is circumferential vibration as shown in fig. 4 (1), when v+.0, f·θ=0, the motion pattern is circumferential rotation as shown in fig. 4 (2), and when V, f and θ are both different from zero, the motion pattern is a composite motion of circumferential vibration and circumferential rotation as shown in fig. 4 (3).
The molding die 35 may be a die for molding a sheet, film or yarn, and may be replaced as needed. The forming die 35 is connected with the charging barrel 7 through a machine head connecting flange.
Example 2
The structure of the polymer melt disentanglement device of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that both disentanglement mandrel 4 and cartridge 7 are smooth-faced, as shown in fig. 7.
Example 3
The structure of the polymer melt disentangling device is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that 1) the disentangling mandrel 4 has a diameter D of 30mm, an aspect ratio L/D of 18, a first half section is a thread surface uniformly distributed with 2 threads in the same direction, a lead angle phi of each thread is 85 degrees, the depth of a thread groove is 0.5mm, the cross section of the thread is trapezoid, 2) the inner surface of the barrel wall of the charging barrel 7 is uniformly distributed with 2 threads 5 in the same direction, and the lead angle, the depth of the thread groove and the cross section of the thread of each thread are all identical to those of the disentangling mandrel 4.
Example 4
The structure of the polymer melt disentangling device is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the diameter D of the disentangling mandrel 4 is 50mm, the length-diameter ratio L/D is 20, the first half section is a thread surface uniformly distributed with 4 threads in the same direction, the lift angle phi of each thread is 50 degrees, the depth of a thread groove is 2mm, the cross section shape of the thread is zigzag, 2) 4 threads 5 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the barrel wall of the charging barrel 7 in the same direction, and the lift angle, the depth of the thread groove and the cross section shape of the thread of each thread are all identical with those of the disentangling mandrel 4.
Application example 1
In the application example, the device of the embodiment 1 is adopted, the cooling water of the heating jacket 10 and the bearing seat 13 is firstly turned on, the temperature is determined to be increased to 280 ℃ according to the object to be treated which is made of Polycarbonate (PC) material, the driving motor 1 is started, and the circumferential rotation speed V=10r/min, the vibration frequency f=5Hz and the vibration amplitude theta=30o are selected through the selected treatment parameters. The processing time is 10min and 20min respectively, the numerical value of the parameter V 1、V2、θ1、θ2 calculated according to the formula is input into a control system through a computer touch display screen, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) outputs a control command, a driving motor 1 drives a connected disentangled mandrel 4 to perform circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration superposition compound movement according to the command, and then an extruder 36 inputs the plasticized polycarbonate melt into a charging barrel 7 through an extruder connector 9 to perform disentanglement treatment, and the molding mouth mold 35 extrudes strand grains for dicing, cooling and drying.
Application example 2
In the application example, the device of the embodiment 2 is adopted, the cooling water of the heating jacket 10 and the bearing seat 13 is firstly turned on, the temperature is determined to be raised to 160 ℃ according to the object to be treated which is a Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) material, the driving motor 1 is started, and the circumferential rotation speed V=20r/min, the vibration frequency f=10Hz and the vibration amplitude theta=15o are selected through the selected treatment parameters. The processing time is 5min respectively, the numerical value of the parameter V 1、V2、θ1、θ2 calculated according to the formula is input into a control system through a computer touch display screen, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) outputs a control command, a driving motor 1 drives a connected disentangling mandrel 4 to perform circumferential rotation and circumferential vibration superposition compound movement according to the command, and then an extruder 36 inputs plasticized low-density polyethylene (LDPE) melt into a charging barrel 7 through an extruder connector 9 to perform disentanglement treatment, and a molding mouth die 35 extrudes a sheet material and then is cooled and shaped through a water tank.
Application example 3
The materials, devices, temperatures and processing times of this application example were exactly the same as those of application example 2. The difference is that the parameters selected in the application example are the circumferential rotation speed V=0r/min, the vibration frequency f=10Hz and the vibration amplitude theta=15 deg. The driving motor 1 drives the connected disentangled mandrel 4 to vibrate circumferentially according to the instruction. The plasticized low-density polyethylene melt is then fed into the barrel 7 through the extruder connector 9 by the extruder 36 to be disentangled, and the sheet is extruded through the molding die 35 and cooled and shaped by a water tank.
Application example 4
The materials, devices, temperatures and processing times of this application example were exactly the same as those of application example 2. The difference is that the parameters selected in the application example are the circumferential rotation speed V=20r/min, the vibration frequency f=0Hz and the vibration amplitude θ=0deg.C. The driving motor 1 drives the connected disentangled mandrel 4 to rotate circumferentially according to the instruction. The plasticized low-density polyethylene melt is then fed into the barrel 7 through the extruder connector 9 by the extruder 36 to be disentangled, and the sheet is extruded through the molding die 35 and cooled and shaped by a water tank.
Comparative example 1 was used
The comparative example was identical in material, apparatus and temperature to that of application example 1. The difference is that in this case the drive motor 1 is turned off and the unwind spindle 4 is in a stationary state, i.e. v=f=θ=0. The polycarbonate melt plasticized by the extruder 36 enters the charging barrel 7 and is directly extruded into filament granules through the forming die 35 without any disentanglement treatment, cooled and dried.
Comparative example 2 was used
The comparative example of the present application was identical to the material, apparatus and temperature of application example 2. The difference is that in this case the drive motor 1 is turned off and the unwind spindle 4 is in a stationary state, i.e. v=f=θ=0. The low-density polyethylene melt plasticized by the extruder 36 enters the charging barrel 7, is directly extruded and molded into a sheet by the molding die 35 without any disentanglement treatment, and is cooled and shaped by a water tank.
To examine the technical effects of the disentanglement device of the present invention, first, the pellets obtained after the treatment of application example 1 and application comparative example 1 were measured for apparent viscosity at different shear rates using a high pressure capillary rheometer and drawn into a melt flow curve, as shown in fig. 9. As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 9, the apparent viscosity of the material obtained after the treatment for 10min and 20min was significantly reduced compared with the material (0 min) without the treatment according to the present invention, and it can be clearly seen that the apparent viscosity was lower and the disentangling effect was better with the increase of the treatment time. The weight average molecular weights of the different samples were determined using Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and are shown in the following table. The weight average molecular weight of the sample decreased with the increase in the treatment time, and the molecular weight distribution was widened, but the magnitude of the decrease in molecular weight was not large enough to explain the decrease in viscosity. Thus, it is demonstrated that the present invention is capable of achieving effective melt detangling without substantially reducing molecular weight.
Next, the sheets obtained in application example 2, application example 3, application example 4, and application comparative example 2 were cut into round sheets, and subjected to vibration scanning by using a rotary rheometer to obtain a complex viscosity-vibration frequency curve. As shown in fig. 10. The polymer melt of comparative example 2 shows the highest complex viscosity without any treatment, and the other three movement modes can reduce the complex viscosity of the melt, but compared with the pure circumferential rotation (application example 4) and circumferential vibration (application example 3), the disentanglement effect of the melt under the compound movement (application example 2) is the best, and the complex viscosity is the lowest. Therefore, the composite stress field formed by superposing the circumferential vibration on the pure circumferential shear has better disentanglement effect than the pure circumferential shear field.
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| CN110815628B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2025-03-21 | 四川大学 | A polymer melt disentanglement device |
| CN112793098B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2025-03-21 | 四川大学 | Injection molding machine capable of improving fluidity of polymer materials |
| CN115972533B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2025-01-03 | 四川大学 | Polymer melt composite vibration extrusion molding device |
| CN119589877A (en) * | 2025-02-13 | 2025-03-11 | 东莞市钜欣电子有限公司 | A method for manufacturing an injection molded receiver net plastic part |
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| WO1987004389A1 (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-30 | Permian Research Corp. | Rotary extruder |
| US6210030B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2001-04-03 | Jean-Pierre Ibar | Method and apparatus to control viscosity of molten plastics prior to a molding operation |
| CN103419349A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 四川大学 | Polymer melt shear vibration extrusion molding device |
| CN207028124U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-02-23 | 江苏鸿云翔橡塑机械有限公司 | A kind of Height Adjustable barrel support device |
| CN211164808U (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-08-04 | 四川大学 | A polymer melt disentanglement device |
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| DE19846579C1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-05-25 | Collin Gmbh Dr | Device and method for measuring the viscosity of plastic masses |
| US7169886B2 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2007-01-30 | Jean Pierre Ibar | Process for the control of flow properties of polymers |
| US7304125B2 (en) * | 2005-02-12 | 2007-12-04 | Stratek Plastic Limited | Process for the preparation of polymers from polymer slurries |
| JP5632235B2 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2014-11-26 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | Method for producing glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composition pellets |
| EP2873685A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-20 | Abu Dhabi Polymers Co. Ltd (Borouge) LLC. | Direct feeding of carbon black in the production of black compounds for pipe and wire and cable applications / Polymer composition with improved properties for pressure pipe applications |
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- 2019-11-13 CN CN201911109102.6A patent/CN110815628B/en active Active
- 2019-11-13 CN CN201921957660.3U patent/CN211164808U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO1987004389A1 (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-30 | Permian Research Corp. | Rotary extruder |
| US6210030B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2001-04-03 | Jean-Pierre Ibar | Method and apparatus to control viscosity of molten plastics prior to a molding operation |
| CN103419349A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 四川大学 | Polymer melt shear vibration extrusion molding device |
| CN207028124U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-02-23 | 江苏鸿云翔橡塑机械有限公司 | A kind of Height Adjustable barrel support device |
| CN211164808U (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-08-04 | 四川大学 | A polymer melt disentanglement device |
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