CN110800594A

CN110800594A - Prawn culture method

Info

Publication number: CN110800594A
Application number: CN201911272755.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高攀峰; 杨少臻; 傅海燕; 沈惜坤; 温小娟
Original assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Current assignee: Xiamen University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-12
Filing date: 2019-12-12
Publication date: 2020-02-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a prawn culture method, which designs a prawn culture high-level pond, wherein 1 high-level pond monomer (1) is taken to culture algae before seedling releasing, the algae water after culture is filled into all the high-level pond monomers (1) to be used as culture water in the seedling releasing stage, and then the seedling releasing culture is carried out. According to the prawn culture method provided by the invention, the high-quality algae water is cultured by the high-level pond monomer, so that farmers can spend the most difficult prawn seedling stage, the culture risk is reduced, and the culture benefit is improved.

Description

Prawn culture method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a culture technology, in particular to a prawn culture method.

Background

In the process of prawn culture, the quality of a water body determines the success or failure of culture, and particularly in the seedling release stage before culture, the shrimp seedlings have poor resistance and have higher requirements on the water body. However, the existing culture has a wrong area, and the pond bottom for cultivating algae water and putting seedlings is considered to generate poor management in the later period of mud skin. But when the seedlings are released by clear water, the water body has few plankton, the natural biological bait required by the prawns is lacked, the culture cost is increased, meanwhile, the water body has high transparency, and the prawns are easy to generate stress reaction. The moss is easy to grow on the wall of the pool, and pathogenic bacteria such as filamentous bacteria, saprolegnia, aeromonas hydrophila, vibrio and the like can also propagate in a large quantity and easily invade and infect shrimp larvae, so that the culture fails.

Patent application CN107509673A discloses a resource utilization method for intensive litopenaeus vannamei breeding wastewater, which comprises the following steps: step S1: filtering the wastewater discharged from the intensive litopenaeus vannamei culture pond by adopting a bevel filter screen; step S2: collecting the wastewater filtered by the inclined filter screen into a wastewater storage tank; step S3: conveying the wastewater in the wastewater storage tank to a sunlight shed microalgae proliferation tank to culture microalgae; step S4: and (3) conveying the cultured algae water to a cladocera or copepods culture pond, and supplementing the bait for the culture of the litopenaeus vannamei after the generated cladocera or copepods are harvested. The method purifies eutrophic culture wastewater and realizes cyclic utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by means of microalgae-zooplankton-prawn food chain. However, the current prawn breeding and fry releasing period is the most difficult, the method is obviously not suitable for the prawn fry releasing stage, the resistance of the prawn fry is limited, and if the fry releasing stage can be successfully crossed, the breeding risk can be reduced, the breeding success rate can be improved, and the breeding income can be increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a prawn culture method. The method adopts the prawn breeding high-level pond to breed algae, takes 1 high-level pond monomer as a special algae breeding pond, breeds algae with high density, provides high-quality algae water for other mouth ponds, improves the survival rate of prawns in the stocking stage, and reduces breeding risks.

In the invention, an aeration device is arranged in the high-level pond for prawn cultivation, the water body in the square round-angle pond can form a directional vortex by the aeration device, oxygen can be supplied to the water body, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is provided, and the problem that pollution sources such as excessive bait, prawn excrement and the like which are not utilized in the prawn cultivation process are accumulated at dead angles at the bottom of the pond can be prevented because the water body forms the directional vortex, the vortex generated by pushing the water body by the aeration device can drive wastes in the pond to be gathered at a sewage discharge port at the center of the pond, small-sized wastes such as the excessive bait and the prawn excrement can be discharged from filter holes on the side wall of a funnel-shaped sieve plate, meanwhile, an opening is arranged at the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate, a blocking piece capable of blocking the opening is movably connected at the opening, and the blocking piece can be staggered with the opening, to bigger size wastes material if the shrimp is dead can't be directly from the filtration pore on the lateral wall of infundibulate sieve by the discharge, and when making plugging member stagger with the opening through exogenic action, the opening is the on-state, is driven by the directional vortex of water this moment and collects the shrimp that dies in the infundibulate sieve of square fillet cell body center department just can be followed the opening part and is discharged outside the cell body, avoids the shrimp that dies to cause high-order pond monomer to block up.

The mouth of the sewage pipe is provided with a valve which can open or close the mouth. When the elevated tank monomer needs the drainage, can open the valve and make wastes such as sewage and shrimp shell, the dead shrimp in the sewage pipe evacuate fast, in addition, owing to establish the inside slot of a intercommunication sewage pipe in the nearly mouth of pipe department of sewage pipe in addition, it has an intubate to peg graft on the slot, also can be the same with prior art, carries out the drainage through the mode of pulling out the intubate, and can cooperate simultaneously to open the valve and carry out the evacuation fast. The selectivity of the drainage mode is increased. The insertion pipe does not need to be frequently pulled out and inserted, drainage can be performed by preferentially selecting a mode of opening the valve, and drainage can be performed by pulling out the insertion pipe according to needs.

Because the mouth of pipe department of sewage pipe is equipped with one and enables the mouth of pipe open or the valve of closing in the drainage well, and is equipped with the inside slot of a intercommunication sewage pipe near mouth of pipe department at the sewage pipe, and the intubate is pegged graft on the slot of sewage pipe with the adaptation, and this makes the intubate have the same drainage function with prior art, simultaneously, rotates on the lateral wall of intubate and is connected with an elbow connecting piece, and pegs graft on the elbow connecting piece and have an adjusting pipe, and the adjusting pipe can be relative intubate swing through the elbow connecting piece. The height position of the outlet end of the adjusting pipe can be changed by swinging the adjusting pipe, and then the height of the water level in the high-level tank unit can be adjusted by utilizing the principle of the communicating vessel, so that the water level in the high-level tank unit is adjusted to the position as high as the outlet end of the adjusting pipe. And the adjusting process is simple and convenient, the amount of the discharged water is not required to be determined manually at present, a farmer is not required to wait beside, and the adjusting pipe is only required to be swung to the required height. The operation simplicity and the water level adjusting accuracy are greatly improved.

The specific scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides a method for breeding prawns, adopt the high-order pond of prawns breed to breed, the high-order pond of prawns breed includes two at least high-order pond monomers (1) and a drainage well (2), high-order pond monomer (1) includes square fillet cell body (11), be equipped with aeration equipment (12) in square fillet cell body (11), and can make the water in square fillet cell body (11) form directional vortex with collecing bottom of the pool waste matter to cell body center department through aeration equipment (12), be equipped with a infundibulate sieve (13) in square fillet cell body (11) bottom center department, set up filtration pore (131) that a plurality of blowdown drainage were used on the lateral wall of infundibulate sieve (13), and seted up an opening (132) in the bottom of infundibulate sieve (13), opening (132) department swing joint have one can block up the jam piece (133) of opening (132), and block piece (133) can stagger under the exogenic action and make opening (132) switch on so that jumbo size from the opening (132) switch (132) A sewage pipe (3) with a pipe orifice extending into the drainage well (2) is arranged at the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate (13);

before seedling setting, 1 elevated pond monomer (1) is taken for algae cultivation, algae water after cultivation is filled into all the elevated pond monomers (1) to serve as cultivation water in the seedling setting stage, and then seedling setting cultivation is carried out.

Further, the culture medium is injected into the high-level pond monomer (1), then the algae seeds are put into the culture medium, the temperature is controlled at 15-35 ℃, the illumination is carried out at 3000-10000Lx, the pH value is 6.5-9.5, the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P is 5:1-50:1, and the concentration of iron ions is 300-^-1And cultivating for 5-15 days to finish algae cultivation.

Further, the method for cultivating algae comprises the following steps: injecting the culture medium into the high-level cell monomer (1), then placing the algae seeds, controlling the temperature at 20-30 ℃, illuminating at 5000-^-1And cultivating for 8-12 days to finish the algae cultivation.

Further, the method for cultivating algae comprises the following steps: injecting culture medium into the high pond monomer (1), placing algae seed, controlling temperature at 25 deg.C, irradiating at 7000Lx, pH 8.5, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P10: 1, and iron ion concentration 500 μ g.L^-1And culturing for 10 days to finish algae cultivation.

Further, the culture medium is BG11 culture medium.

Further, the algal species comprises: at least one of Nannochloropsis, Tetraselmis subcordiformis, Dunaliella salina, Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, or Chlorococcus.

Further, the density of the algae in the high pond monomer (1) is controlled to be 1 multiplied by 10 in the initial stage of algae cultivation⁶-2×10⁶ind·mL^-1。

Further, the high-level pond is bred to shrimp includes that symmetric distribution is linked together with drainage well (2) through a sewage pipe (3) at four high-level pond monomers (1) all around drainage well (2) respectively, four high-level pond monomers (1), makes the sewage of four high-level pond monomers (1) can collect in drainage well (2) and discharge away.

Furthermore, the aeration device (12) comprises first aeration strips (121), the four side walls of the square round-angle tank body (11) are provided with one first aeration strip (121) near the round corners, and the four first aeration strips (121) are distributed in a central symmetry manner, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body in the square round-angle tank body (11) can be increased through the mutual matching of the four first aeration strips (121), and meanwhile, the water body in the square round-angle tank body (11) can be pushed to form a directional vortex; aeration equipment (12) still include two and be rectangular form second aeration strip (122), and two second aeration strips (122) are arranged in the bottom of square fillet cell body (11) parallelly, and all are connected with a plurality of dish on the both sides of second aeration strip (122) and become circular shape third aeration strip (123).

Furthermore, a valve (31) capable of opening or closing the pipe orifice is arranged at the pipe orifice of the sewage pipe (3) in the drainage well (2), a slot (32) communicated with the interior of the sewage pipe (3) is arranged at the position, close to the pipe orifice, of the sewage pipe (3), and a cannula (4) is inserted into the slot (32); the opening of the sewage pipe (3) is 10 cm-20 cm higher than the bottom of the drainage well (2).

Has the advantages that:

according to the prawn culture method provided by the invention, the high-quality algae water is cultured by the high-level pond monomer, so that farmers can spend the most difficult prawn seedling stage, the culture risk is reduced, and the culture benefit is improved.

Furthermore, the aeration device in the prawn culture high-level pond can form directional vortex, improve the culture environment and be beneficial to keeping a relatively stable water body environment in a culture farm; meanwhile, oxygen can be supplied to the water body, and the dissolved oxygen of the water body is provided.

And moreover, the design of the drainage well in the prawn culture high-level pond not only facilitates drainage, but also can play a role in liquid level regulation, is convenient to control, and can effectively prevent sewage from flooding the cannula port due to the fact that sewage cannot be timely discharged, so that the cross infection of the pond body is caused.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the drawings will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of a prawn culture high-level pond according to embodiment 2 of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of a head tank cell in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2 at B.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the funnel-shaped screen deck structure of example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the arrangement of fig. 6 with the blocking member offset from the openings in the bottom of the funnel-shaped screen deck to allow communication between the openings.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a drainage well structure according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a partial structural sectional view of a drain well according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a cannula according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is another angle structure diagram of the cannula of the embodiment 2 of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. elevated tank monomer, 2, drainage well, 3, sewage pipe, 4, intubate, 11, square fillet cell body, 12, aeration equipment, 13, infundibulate sieve board, 31, valve, 32, slot, 41, elbow connecting piece, 42, adjusting pipe, 43, calibrated scale, 44, handle, 121, first aeration strip, 122, second aeration strip, 123, third aeration strip, 131, filtration pore, 132, opening, 133, jam, 134, haulage rope, 135, spacing ring.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available. In the following examples, "%" means weight percent, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 algae cultivation simulation experiment

In this example, temperature, light, pH, N/P (nitrogen to phosphorus ratio), Fe were selected³⁺The concentration of 5 influencing factors is used as a research object, an orthogonal experiment design is used for optimizing the culture process, the optimal culture condition is obtained, and a theoretical reference basis is provided for the high-position pond prawn culture and algae-raising process.

The algae seed is obtained from prawn farm in Zhaoan county, is mainly Chlorella, adopts BG11 culture medium, and has initial algae density adjusted to 1.3 × 10 in 2000mL conical flask⁶ind · mL or so, and placing in a light incubator for culture.

Each influence factor is set with 5 gradients, wherein, the temperature change ranges of the Fujian region are selected to be 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃. The illumination intensity is as follows: 3000. 4000, 5000, 6000 and 7000 Lx. pH value: 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5. With the ammonia nitrogen content of 2 mg.L as a reference, the initial nitrogen-phosphorus ratio is set by changing the phosphorus concentration, and the initial nitrogen-phosphorus ratio is respectively as follows: 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50: 1. The concentration of Fe: 300. 400, 500, 600, 700. mu.g.L. The culture period is 15d, the growth condition is measured once every other day, and the orthogonal experiment is carried out to finally optimize the algae cultivation condition.

The number of algae cells and the optical density are in positive correlation, the absorption brightness value of the algae liquid at the wavelength of 680nm is measured, the algae cells are counted by a blood counting chamber, and the standard curve equation between the number of algae cells and the absorption brightness of the algae liquid is obtained as follows: y8.081 × 106X-1.076 × 105, wherein Y represents algal cell density (ind · mL); x represents the 680nm absorbance A value. The results are as follows:

taking temperature, illumination intensity, pH, N/P and iron ion concentration as investigation factors to carry out L₂₅(5⁶) Orthogonal experiment design, the density of the algae cultured to the 10 th day is used as an evaluation index, the orthogonal experiment factors and levels are shown in table 1, and the experiment results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 1 orthogonal experimental factors and level L₂₅(5⁶)

TABLE 2 results of orthogonal experiments

As shown in Table 2, the worst analysis shows that the temperature has the greatest influence on the growth of algae, the illumination is followed, the change of the iron ion concentration N/P and the pH value within the set range has no significant influence on the growth of algae, and the optimal process combination is A₃B₅C₅D₁E₃I.e. temperature of 25 ℃, illumination of 7000Lx, pH 8.5, N/P of 10:1, iron ion concentration of 500. mu.g.L^-1。

Example 2 prawn culture high-level pond

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, in this embodiment, a high-level pond for prawn cultivation includes at least two high-level pond units 1 and a drainage well 2, the high-level pond units 1 include a square round-angle pond body 11, an aeration device 12 is disposed in the square round-angle pond body 11, and the aeration device 12 can make the water body in the square round-angle tank body 11 form directional vortex to collect the waste at the bottom of the tank body to the center of the tank body, a funnel-shaped sieve plate 13 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the square round-angle tank body 11, a plurality of filter holes 131 for sewage discharge and drainage are arranged on the side wall of the funnel-shaped sieve plate 13, an opening 132 is arranged at the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate 13, a blocking piece 133 capable of blocking the opening 132 is movably connected at the opening 132, and the blocking member 133 can be misaligned with the opening 132 by an external force to open the opening 132 so that large-sized wastes can be discharged from the opening 132, at the bottom of the funnel-shaped screen deck 13 is provided a sewer pipe 3 with a nozzle extending into the drainage well 2.

In this embodiment, an aeration device 12 is disposed in the square round tank 11, the water in the square round tank 11 can form a directional vortex by the aeration device 12, and at the same time, oxygen can be supplied to the water, and the dissolved oxygen in the water can be provided, and because the water forms the directional vortex, the problem that pollution sources such as excessive bait and prawn excreta which are not utilized in the prawn cultivation process are accumulated at dead angles at the bottom of the tank can be prevented, the vortex generated by the water pushed by the aeration device can drive wastes in the tank to gather at a sewage discharge outlet at the center of the tank, and small-sized wastes such as excessive bait and prawn excreta can be discharged from the filter holes 131 on the side wall of the funnel-shaped sieve plate 13, meanwhile, an opening 132 is disposed at the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate 13, a blocking piece 133 capable of blocking the opening 132 is movably connected to the opening 132, and the blocking piece 133 can be staggered with the opening 132 under the, to bigger size wastes material such as dead shrimp can't be directly discharged from filtration pore 131 on the lateral wall of infundibulate sieve 13, and make blocking piece 133 and opening 132 stagger through exogenic action when, opening 132 is the on-state, is driven by the directional vortex of water this moment and gathers the dead shrimp that is in the infundibulate sieve 13 of square fillet cell body 11 center department and just can be followed opening 132 and discharged outside the cell body, avoids dead shrimp to cause the jam of elevated tank monomer 1.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the prawn cultivation high-level pond includes four high-level pond units 1 symmetrically distributed around the drainage well 2, and the four high-level pond units 1 are respectively communicated with the drainage well 2 through a sewage pipe 3, so that sewage in the four high-level pond units 1 can be collected into the drainage well 2 and discharged. In this embodiment, four elevated tank units 1 share one drainage well 2. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments, the number of the high-level cell units 1 may be three or five or other numbers, but considering that the drainage capacity of a single drainage well 2 is limited, in this embodiment, it is preferable to arrange the high-level cell units 1 and the drainage wells 2 in such a manner that four high-level cell units 1 share one drainage well 2.

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, preferably, the aeration device 12 includes first aeration strips 121, one first aeration strip 121 is disposed on each of four side walls of the square and round tank body 11 near the round corners, and the four first aeration strips 121 are distributed in a central symmetry manner, so that the four first aeration strips 121 cooperate with each other to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water in the square and round tank body 11 and to push the water in the square and round tank body 11 to form a directional vortex.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, in the present embodiment, preferably, the aeration device 12 further includes two second aeration strips 122 in a long strip shape, the two second aeration strips 122 are arranged at the bottom of the pool body 11 with square rounded corners in parallel, and two sides of the second aeration strips 122 are connected with a plurality of third aeration strips 123 formed into a circular shape. The high-level pond for prawn cultivation in the prior art usually uses a waterwheel type aerator to provide aeration oxygenation, but the aeration oxygenation mode can cause the dissolved oxygen content at the bottom of a water body to be low and the dissolved oxygen content of the water body to be unevenly distributed. In this embodiment, two second aeration strips 122 arranged in parallel are arranged at the bottom of the square round-angle tank body 11, and a plurality of third aeration strips 123 coiled into a circular shape are connected to two sides of each second aeration strip 122, the third aeration strips 123 are uniformly arranged on the inner periphery of the square round-angle tank body 11, and a ball valve is arranged at the joint of the second aeration strips and the air pipe of the fan to reduce the air volume of the second aeration strips 122 and the third aeration strips 123. The use of the aeration strip becomes possible after the high-order tank unit 1 is miniaturized. The aeration strip has small volume, light weight and low price, and is easy to cut and arrange. The enough fan of a power only needs to select for use in plant, is connected alright carry out the oxygen suppliment to all elevated tank monomers 1 through trachea and the aeration strip of laying in the bottom of the pool, and the air directly gets into the water from the bottom of the pool through aeration strip, makes the dissolved oxygen content in the water more even. The second aeration strip 122 and the third aeration strip 123 are used in cooperation with the first aeration strip 121, so that the dissolved oxygen of the water body in the elevated tank monomer 1 is larger and more uniform.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, preferably, the bottom of the square round tank body 11 is gradually lowered from the outside to the center, and the length and width of the square round tank body 11 is 10m × 10 m. The area of the high-level culture pond in the prior art is generally overlarge and generally ranges from 2.5 mu to 10 mu, the high-level pond prawn culture mode is an intensive high-density culture mode, the ecological system for prawn culture is threatened along with nutrient enrichment and gradual nutrition of a water body in the culture process, and planktonic bacterial colonies in the culture environment are correspondingly complicated in reaction in the process of facing increasing eutrophication, so that the culture difficulty is increased. Therefore, the water body is replaced in time, and the method is the simplest solution for reducing the nutrient pollution problem. However, the existing high-level pond is usually overlarge in water volume, high in water changing cost and long in time, cannot meet the water changing requirement, and meanwhile, the coping ability of the existing high-level pond facing many frequent culture problems is insufficient, and the culture risk is increased. In this embodiment, with high-order pond monomer 1 miniaturization, miniaturized high-order pond monomer 1, its operation is more convenient, and the controllability is stronger, and intensive management that can be better can breed by the efficient more, improves cultivation efficiency. The area of the water-saving agent is reduced to 100m, and when sudden diseases are faced, response reaction can be carried out faster, such as water body quick replacement, more full mixing of the added agent in the water body, or faster improvement of water quality by utilizing viable bacteria and the like. Meanwhile, if the problem of serious culture is encountered, the economic loss caused by culture in a high-level pond with small area can be greatly reduced under the same culture density when the prawn loss of the whole pond cannot be solved.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, preferably, a valve 31 is disposed at a pipe orifice of the sewage pipe 3 in the drainage well 2 to open or close the pipe orifice, and an insertion slot 32 communicating with the inside of the sewage pipe 3 is disposed at a position of the sewage pipe 3 near the pipe orifice, and the insertion slot 32 is inserted with an insertion tube 4. In the prior art, several high-level pond monomers 1 are generally used as a whole for high-level pond cultivation, and sewage in the high-level pond monomers 1 is uniformly discharged into the same drainage well 2 and then discharged into a sewage treatment system or directly discharged into the sea. However, the common drainage well 2 has the problem of cross infection among different high-level pond monomers 1, prawn attacks in one high-level pond monomer 1, and in the process of simultaneous drainage, sewage which is not timely drained in the drainage well 2 can soak slots of sewage pipes of other high-level pond monomers 1, and after drainage is finished, sewage mixed with germs enters other high-level pond monomers 1 to pollute the water quality of other high-level pond monomers 1, so that cross infection is caused. And the tail end of the existing sewage pipe is usually used as a connecting piece of the slot and the insertion pipe through a 90-degree elbow, and the elbow has a certain height, so that waste water and pollutants in the pipeline cannot be drained, and secondary pollution of the elevated tank monomer 1 can be caused. And sewage in the high-level pool monomer 1 in the prior art flows into the drainage well 2 through the sewage pipe 3, the outlet of the sewage pipe 3 is connected with the insertion pipe only through the elbow, the insertion pipe serves as a switch for water body drainage by utilizing the principle of a communicating vessel, the insertion pipe is pulled out to start drainage, and the insertion pipe is inserted to stop drainage. In the culture process, part of water needs to be frequently discharged and injected into clean water, so that the water meets the culture requirement. However, in practical use, the insertion pipe is tightly connected with the slot, is smooth and difficult to bear force during pulling, can be pulled out only by swinging left and right, and is easy to damage at the joint of the elbow and the insertion pipe due to frequent drainage. In this embodiment, a valve 31 is disposed at the opening of the waste pipe 3 to open or close the opening. When the elevated tank unit 1 needs to drain water, the valve 31 can be opened to quickly drain sewage, shrimp shells, dead shrimps and other wastes in the sewage pipe 3, in addition, the slot 32 communicating with the inside of the sewage pipe 3 is also arranged at the position of the sewage pipe 3 close to the pipe opening, the insertion pipe 4 is inserted into the slot 32, the water can be drained in a mode of pulling the insertion pipe 4 as in the prior art, and meanwhile, the valve 31 can be matched to be opened to quickly drain water. The selectivity of the drainage mode is increased. Without frequently pulling and inserting the insertion tube 4, the valve 31 is preferably opened to drain water, and the insertion tube 4 is pulled to drain water as required.

Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the valve 31 is preferably a butterfly valve. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments, the valve 31 may be a gate valve. The opening or closing of the mouth of the sewage pipe 3 is controlled to facilitate the emptying of the sewage pipe 3, and is not limited to the butterfly valve disclosed in the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 9, in this embodiment, the mouth of the sewer pipe 3 is preferably 10cm to 20cm higher than the bottom of the drainage well 2. Can effectively prevent the sewage which is not discharged out of the drainage well 2 in time from submerging the slot 32 on the sewage pipe 3 to cause cross infection.

Referring to fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the insertion slot 32 of the sewage pipe 3 is preferably arranged upward so that the insertion pipe 4 can be vertically inserted into the insertion slot 32 and is communicated with the sewage pipe 3.

Referring to fig. 9 to 11, in the present embodiment, preferably, at least one elbow connector 41 is movably connected to a side wall of the insertion tube 4, the elbow connector 41 is communicated with an inside of the insertion tube 4, the elbow connector 41 can rotate freely relative to the insertion tube 4, an adjusting tube 42 for adjusting a water level of the elevated tank monomer 1 is inserted into the elbow connector 41, and the adjusting tube 42 can swing relative to the insertion tube 4 through the elbow connector 41 to change a height position of an outlet end of the adjusting tube 42. In the prior art, sewage in the high-level pool monomer 1 flows into the drainage well 2 through the sewage pipe 3, the outlet of the sewage pipe 3 is connected with the insertion pipe only through the elbow, the insertion pipe serves as a switch for water body drainage by utilizing the principle of a communicating vessel, the insertion pipe is pulled out to start drainage, and the insertion pipe is inserted to stop drainage. When adjusting the water level of the high-level pond monomer 1, the raiser is required to wait beside, the water discharge is stopped after the large water discharge is determined by visual inspection, the time is wasted, and the water discharge precision has large errors. Although the professional water level regulators sold in the market can solve the problems, the professional water level regulators are high in price, easy to damage, relatively complex in operation mode and difficult to popularize in farmers in a large range. In the embodiment, the valve 31 capable of opening or closing the pipe orifice is arranged at the pipe orifice of the sewage pipe 3 in the drainage well 2, the slot 32 communicated with the interior of the sewage pipe 3 is arranged at the position, close to the pipe orifice, of the sewage pipe 3, the insertion pipe 4 is adaptively inserted into the slot 32 of the sewage pipe 3, so that the insertion pipe has the same drainage function as the prior art, meanwhile, the side wall of the insertion pipe 4 is rotatably connected with the elbow connecting piece 41, the elbow connecting piece 41 is inserted with the adjusting pipe 42, and the adjusting pipe 42 can swing relative to the insertion pipe 4 through the elbow connecting piece 41. The height position of the outlet end of the adjusting pipe 42 can be changed by swinging the adjusting pipe 42, and then the height of the water level in the high-level tank single body 1 can be adjusted by utilizing the principle of the communicating vessel, so that the water level in the high-level tank single body 1 is adjusted to the height position equal to the height of the outlet end of the adjusting pipe 42. And the adjusting process is simple and convenient, the amount of water discharged is not required to be determined manually at present, a farmer is not required to wait aside, and the adjusting pipe 42 is only required to be swung to the required height. The operation simplicity and the water level adjusting accuracy are greatly improved.

Referring to fig. 9 to 11, in the present embodiment, preferably, an elbow connector 41 bent by 90 ° is connected to a side wall of the insertion tube 4, one end of the elbow connector 41 is hermetically and rotatably connected to the side wall of the insertion tube 4 and communicates with the inside of the insertion tube 4, and the other end forms a socket for inserting a lower end portion of the adjustment tube 42. In this embodiment, the insertion tube 4 is preferably connected to two opposite side walls thereof with a 90 ° bent elbow connector 41.

Referring to fig. 11, in the present embodiment, preferably, a dial 43 capable of indicating the swing angle of the adjusting tube 42 is disposed at the connection position of the elbow connection 41 and the insertion tube 4. In this embodiment, the adjusting tube can be simply and quickly rotated to a desired angle according to the scale on the scale disc 43, and the corresponding value of the rotation angle and the height variation can be obtained according to the corresponding calculation, for example, the length of the adjusting tube 42 is set to 30cm, when the adjusting tube 42 is in the vertical state, the height of the outlet end of the adjusting tube 42 is 1.15m, and when the adjusting tube 42 swings to one side for 60 °, the outlet end of the adjusting tube 42 descends for 15cm, and the height thereof becomes 1m, and when the adjusting tube continues to swing for 90 ° to the horizontal state, the outlet end descends for 30cm, and the height thereof becomes 0.85 m. Similarly, the corresponding relationship between the swing angle of the adjusting tube 42 and the height change of the outlet end thereof can be calculated according to the length of the adjusting tube 42 and the installation height of the inserting tube 4. The intubate forms simple and easy water level regulator after reforming transform, just can reform transform through current instrument in the plant, need not new economic input, easy operation, and the raiser is convenient for get on hand. When the water level needs to be adjusted, the small pipe is only required to swing to the required water level height through the mark on the dial, the farmer can leave, and the small pipe automatically stops when reaching the corresponding water level, so that the waiting time of the farmer is reduced. When facing different plants, only need according to the on-the-spot demand, change the numerical value on the calibrated scale, alright be applicable to in all plants, accurate regulation breed water level improves the precision that the shrimp was bred.

Referring to fig. 10, in the present embodiment, the insertion tube 4 is preferably provided with a handle 44 for facilitating the insertion of the insertion tube 4 from the insertion slot 32 of the waste pipe 3.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, in the present embodiment, preferably, the funnel-shaped screen plate 13 has four side walls, and the four side walls are all inclined inward to form a funnel shape with a large top and a small bottom. The openings 132 in the bottom of the funnel-shaped screen plate 13 are elongated and the blocking members 133 are cylindrical and adapted to block the openings 132. The plugging piece 133 is connected with a pulling rope 134 which extends to the edge of the square round-corner tank body 11 for being pulled by a worker, and the plugging piece 133 can be pulled by the pulling rope 134 and the plugging piece 133 is staggered with the opening 132 to communicate with the opening 132. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments, the external force may be provided by other means to misalign the blocking member 133 with the opening 132 to expose and conduct the opening 132, for example, a motor may be used to drive the blocking member 133 to move; or the motor is used for controlling the receiving and sending of the traction rope, and the traction rope is used for driving the blocking piece to move, and the like. In this embodiment, under the normal condition, the opening 132 of funnel-shaped sieve plate 13 is blocked up and is had the jam piece 133, prevent that the shrimp near opening 132 from escaping from opening 132, and when needs blowdown, the staff only need open the valve 31 of sewer pipe 3, it makes jam piece 133 stagger with opening 132 to pull the jam piece 133 through haulage rope 134 simultaneously, and then make opening 132 expose and switch on, then, the shrimp shell and the dead shrimp of gathering in opening 132 department will be taken away from opening 132 by rivers, prevent that dead shrimp and shrimp shell from causing funnel-shaped sieve plate 13 to block up, wait that the jumbo size waste has been discharged the back, loosen the haulage rope, the jam piece 133 will block up opening 132 again under rivers and self action of gravity. The plugging piece 133 can be quickly and conveniently controlled to be staggered with the opening 132 through the pulling rope 134, the use is simple, safe and effective, and the cost is low. The waste generated in the culture process is discharged completely, the water quality can be better maintained, the use amount of live bacteria and the water exchange amount are greatly reduced, the economic cost is reduced, and meanwhile, dead shrimps are discharged out of the culture pond in time, so that the infection of the shrimps caused by eating the dead shrimps with germs can be prevented.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, in the present embodiment, preferably, the side wall of the funnel-shaped screen plate 13 is provided with a limiting ring 135 capable of limiting the moving range of the blocking member 133, so as to prevent the blocking member 133 from being pulled apart excessively and being unable to be reset.

Example 3

The high-level pond for prawn cultivation in the embodiment 2 is adopted, 1 high-level pond monomer (1) is taken for algae cultivation before seedling setting, the algae water after cultivation is filled into all the high-level pond monomers (1) to serve as cultivation water in the seedling setting stage, and then seedling setting cultivation is carried out.

Specifically, the algae cultivation conditions are that the temperature is 25 ℃, the illumination is 7000Lx, the pH is 8.5, the N/P ratio is 10:1, and the iron ion concentration is 500 mug. L^-1。

After the cultured high-quality algae water is guided into the shrimp culture pond, the algae in the pond can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus generated in the culture process, so that the water body is kept stable, and farmers are helped to better spend the seedling-setting period. However, the risk still exists during the cultivation, and the water quality in the cultivation process needs to be monitored so as to better regulate and control the water quality. Considering that the individual farmers who dominate the culture lack the conditions and the capability of water quality detection, the pH which is simple to detect and has large influence on the culture is selected for detection in the embodiment. And (3) performing wastewater sampling and pH detection on wastewater in the high-level pond of the Zhaan prawn farm after optimization for 22 days at the seedling stage of the prawn added with algae water, wherein the wastewater is at eight am and four pm, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 pH Change of high Pond culture wastewater

As can be seen from Table 3, the pH of the water in the afternoon was higher than the pH in the eight morning during the cultivation. But the pH change range is small, and the overall stability is kept in the range of 7.5-8.5.

In the prior art, the pH value of the high-level pond is changed greatly day and night and is generally between 7.0 and 9.6, and besides the change of the pH value caused by the respiration of algae in the pond at night, the main reason is the deposition of baits and feces in a water body in the culture process. Shrimp are generally fed two times a day, one in the morning and one in the evening. After feeding baits at eight morning hours, feces generated by the phagocytosis and transformation of the prawns enter the water body to cause the pH value of the water body to rise greatly. The optimum pH range for prawn culture is 7.4-8.5, and the largely changed pH can cause the problems of prawn immunity reduction, poor feeding effect, algae death and the like.

The optimized prawn culture factory is subjected to sampling detection, and the result shows that in the culture process, the optimized small high-level pond can well stabilize the pH value between 7.5 and 8.5, meets the optimal interval for prawn growth, proves the optimization effect, can better regulate and control water quality to keep the water quality, reduces the culture risk, improves the culture success rate and increases the culture benefit.

Example 4

Taking Scenedesmus algae, adopting BG11 culture medium, adjusting initial algae density to 1 × 10 in 2000mL conical flask⁶ind · mL or so, and placing in a light incubator for culture. The cultivation conditions are controlled as follows: at 15 deg.C, light irradiation is 10000Lx, pH is 7, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P is 5:1, and iron ion concentration is 700 μ g.L^-1And culturing for 12 days to finish algae culture.

Example 5

Collecting Chlamydomonas strain, culturing in BG11 culture medium, adjusting initial algae density to 1.5 × 10 in 2000mL conical flask⁶ind · mL or so, and placing in a light incubator for culture. The cultivation conditions are controlled as follows: at 20-30 deg.C, under illumination of 5000Lx, pH 9, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P6: 1-20:1, and iron ion concentration 300 μ g.L^-1And culturing for 15 days to finish algae culture.

Example 6

Collecting Chlorococcus strain, culturing with BG11 medium, adjusting initial algae density to 1 × 10 in 2000mL conical flask⁶ind · mL or so, and placing in a light incubator for culture. The cultivation conditions are controlled as follows: at 35 deg.C, the light is 9000Lx, pH is 9.5, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P is 6:1-20:1, and iron ion concentration is 600 μ g.L^-1And cultivating for 8 days to finish the algae cultivation.

Example 7

Collecting Nannochloropsis oculata strain, culturing with BG11 medium, adjusting initial algae density to 2 × 10 in 2000mL conical flask⁶ind · mL or so, and placing in a light incubator for culture. The cultivation conditions are controlled as follows: at 20 deg.C, the light irradiation is 5000Lx, pH is 6.5, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P is 6:1, and iron ion concentration is 400 μ g.L^-1And culturing for 12 days to finish algae culture.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prawn culture method is characterized in that: the high-level pond for prawn cultivation comprises at least two high-level pond monomers (1) and a drainage well (2), wherein the high-level pond monomers (1) comprise a square round-angle pond body (11), an aeration device (12) is arranged in the square round-angle pond body (11), a water body in the square round-angle pond body (11) can form a directional vortex through the aeration device (12) so as to collect pond bottom wastes to the center of the pond body, a funnel-shaped sieve plate (13) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the square round-angle pond body (11), a plurality of filter holes (131) for sewage discharge and drainage are formed in the side wall of the funnel-shaped sieve plate (13), an opening (132) is formed in the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate (13), a blocking piece (133) capable of blocking the opening (132) is movably connected to the opening (132), and the blocking piece (133) can be staggered with the opening (132) under the action of external force so as to enable the opening (132) to be communicated so that large-size wastes can be discharged from the, a sewage pipe (3) with a pipe orifice extending into the drainage well (2) is arranged at the bottom of the funnel-shaped sieve plate (13);

2. The prawn breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for cultivating the algae comprises the following steps: injecting the culture medium into the high-level pond monomer (1), then placing the algae seeds, controlling the temperature at 15-35 ℃, illuminating at 3000-10000Lx, the pH value at 6.5-9.5, the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P at 5:1-50:1, and the concentration of iron ions at 300-700 mug. L^-1And cultivating for 5-15 days to finish algae cultivation.

3. The prawn breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method for cultivating the algae comprises the following steps: injecting the culture medium into the high-level cell monomer (1), then placing the algae seeds, controlling the temperature at 20-30 ℃, illuminating at 5000-^-1And cultivating for 8-12 days to finish the algae cultivation.

4. The prawn breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method for cultivating the algae comprises the following steps: injecting culture medium into the high pond monomer (1), placing algae seed, controlling temperature at 25 deg.C, irradiating at 7000Lx, pH 8.5, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio N/P10: 1, and iron ion concentration 500 μ g.L^-1And culturing for 10 days to finish algae cultivation.

5. The prawn cultivation method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that: the culture medium is BG11 culture medium.

6. The prawn cultivation method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that: the algal species comprises: at least one of Nannochloropsis, Tetraselmis subcordiformis, Dunaliella salina, Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, or Chlorococcus.

7. The prawn cultivation method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising: controlling the density of algae in the elevated pond monomer (1) to be 1 multiplied by 10 at the initial stage of algae cultivation⁶-2×10⁶ind·mL^-1。

8. The prawn breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-level pond is bred to shrimp includes that symmetric distribution is linked together at four high-level pond monomers (1) around drainage shaft (2), and four high-level pond monomers (1) are linked together with drainage shaft (2) through a sewage pipe (3) respectively, make the sewage of four high-level pond monomers (1) can collect in drainage shaft (2) and discharge away.

9. The prawn breeding method according to claim 8, wherein: the aeration device (12) comprises first aeration strips (121), the four side walls of the square round-angle tank body (11) are provided with one first aeration strip (121) close to the round corners, and the four first aeration strips (121) are distributed in a central symmetry manner, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body in the square round-angle tank body (11) can be increased through the mutual matching of the four first aeration strips (121), and meanwhile, the water body in the square round-angle tank body (11) can be pushed to form a directional vortex; aeration equipment (12) still include two and be rectangular form second aeration strip (122), and two second aeration strips (122) are arranged in the bottom of square fillet cell body (11) parallelly, and all are connected with a plurality of dish on the both sides of second aeration strip (122) and become circular shape third aeration strip (123).

10. The prawn breeding method according to claim 8, wherein: a valve (31) capable of opening or closing the pipe orifice is arranged at the pipe orifice of the sewage pipe (3) in the drainage well (2), a slot (32) communicated with the interior of the sewage pipe (3) is arranged at the position of the sewage pipe (3) close to the pipe orifice, and an insertion pipe (4) is inserted in the slot (32); the opening of the sewage pipe (3) is 10 cm-20 cm higher than the bottom of the drainage well (2).