CN110792615B - Two-stage centrifugal co-current series fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device - Google Patents

Two-stage centrifugal co-current series fuel cell air compressor with exhaust gas recovery device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110792615B
CN110792615B CN201911192115.4A CN201911192115A CN110792615B CN 110792615 B CN110792615 B CN 110792615B CN 201911192115 A CN201911192115 A CN 201911192115A CN 110792615 B CN110792615 B CN 110792615B
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air
stage
fuel cell
centrifugal
exhaust gas
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CN110792615A (en
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华青松
刘鹏
刘亚波
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Steady Power Guangdong Technology Co ltd
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Steady Power Guangdong Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
    • F01D1/08—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially having inward flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/041—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector using blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
    • F04D25/045—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven the pump wheel carrying the fluid driving means, e.g. turbine blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
    • F04D29/0516—Axial thrust balancing balancing pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/057—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5853—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps heat insulation or conduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
    • F04D29/701—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，具有机电同轴一体转子总成(3)，在所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)上依次布置有电动机(1)、两级同向串联离心式压气机(2)和废气回收向心透平(4)；所述两级同向串联离心式压气机(2)的气体出口用于与燃料电池电堆空气侧入口相连通，所述废气回收向心透平(4)的气体入口用于与所述燃料电池电堆空气侧出口相连通。本发明结构紧凑，气流流道结构简洁，转子安装稳定，而且冷却效果好，降低了功耗。

The present invention provides a two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, comprising an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), on which an electric motor (1), a two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor (2) and an exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) are sequentially arranged; the gas outlet of the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor (2) is used to communicate with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the gas inlet of the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) is used to communicate with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack. The present invention has a compact structure, a simple air flow channel structure, a stable rotor installation, a good cooling effect, and reduced power consumption.

Description

Two-stage centrifugal homodromous series-connection type fuel cell air compressor with waste gas recovery device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell air compressor, in particular to a two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device.
Background
The existing centrifugal two-stage direct-drive fuel cell air compressor technology without an exhaust gas recovery device is that a permanent magnet motor is placed in the middle of a rotor assembly, two-stage centrifugal compressor impellers are arranged at two ends of a main shaft, and a transition pipe is adopted between the stages to connect a first-stage volute outlet and a second-stage impeller air inlet, so that the pressure loss of more airflow channels is increased, the weight of the air compressor is increased, and the design of the fuel cell automobile with light weight is contrary.
The existing centrifugal direct-driven fuel cell air compressor technology with an exhaust gas recovery device mainly uses a single-stage centrifugal compressor, is limited in full working condition capacity of the existing fuel cell, is high in rotor operation rotating speed requirement, provides higher design difficulty for a motor and a bearing system, is further reduced in reliability, adopts a scheme that the single-stage centrifugal impeller is arranged at one end of the rotor, a turbine of the exhaust gas recovery device is arranged at the other end of the rotor, and cannot generally escape from a traditional design layout of which two ends are suspended, or has a structural scheme that the single-stage centrifugal compressor impeller and the centripetal turbine are arranged on one side of a permanent magnet motor back to back, but cannot reduce air temperature of an inlet of the centrifugal compressor while considering cooling effect of the permanent magnet motor in the compact structural layout, and is difficult to effectively reduce power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art that the air compressor of the fuel cell has the advantages of high overall power consumption, compact structure, low pressure ratio and no reduction of running rotation speed, and aims to provide a two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device so as to improve the overall efficiency of a fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The fuel cell air compressor with the exhaust gas recovery device is characterized by comprising an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly, wherein an electric motor, a two-stage homodromous serial centrifugal compressor and an exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine are sequentially arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly, a gas outlet of the two-stage homodromous serial centrifugal compressor is used for being communicated with an air side inlet of a fuel cell stack, and a gas inlet of the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine is used for being communicated with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack.
The fuel cell air compressor with the exhaust gas recovery device comprises a two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial type fuel cell air compressor with the exhaust gas recovery device, wherein one side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly is a motor rotor shaft, a water cooling flow passage shell is arranged on the motor rotor shaft through a first air bearing, a motor stator body assembly is arranged on the inner side of the water cooling flow passage shell, an air passage heat conducting ring is arranged on the outer side of the water cooling flow passage shell and is arranged in an air compressing and air introducing guide shell, an inlet air flow passage is formed between the air compressing and air introducing guide shell and the water cooling flow passage shell, and the inlet air flow passage is communicated with the ambient air through the air passage heat conducting ring.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous series-connection type fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that a water cooling flow passage is reserved between a water cooling flow passage shell and an air passage heat conducting ring.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous series-connection type fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that an air filter assembly is arranged at the inlet end of the air channel heat conducting ring.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous series-connection type fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that metal fins are further arranged in the air channel heat conducting ring.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device comprises a first-stage centrifugal impeller, a shaft sleeve and a second-stage centrifugal impeller, wherein one side of a motor rotor shaft of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly is provided with an inlet diversion shell, a first-stage diversion ring, an interstage partition plate and a bleed air volute which are sequentially arranged, a gap between the inlet diversion shell and the water cooling flow passage shell is communicated with an inlet air flow passage, the first-stage diversion ring is opposite to the first-stage centrifugal impeller in position, the interstage partition plate is opposite to the shaft sleeve in position and is arranged on the bleed air volute through bolts, a U-shaped air flow passage is formed between an assembly formed by the interstage partition plate and the bleed air ring and the first-stage diversion ring, the bleed air volute is opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller in position, and a bleed air outlet of the two-stage centrifugal compressor is communicated with an air side inlet of a fuel cell stack.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous series-connection type fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that a non-contact labyrinth tooth type seal is adopted between the first-stage centrifugal impeller and the second-stage centrifugal impeller.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that a balancing piston ring is arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly at one side of the second-stage centrifugal impeller, a second-stage sealing ring is arranged on one side of the bleed air volute, and the second-stage sealing ring is opposite to the balancing piston ring.
The fuel cell air compressor with the exhaust gas recovery device comprises a two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial type air compressor, wherein the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine comprises a front diversion shell, a diversion ring, a guide vane grating assembly and an air bearing seat, an air collecting port is arranged on the side face of the front diversion shell and is communicated with an air side outlet of a fuel cell stack, a centripetal turbine shaft is mounted on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly, a centripetal turbine is fixed on the centripetal turbine shaft, a dynamic and static gap exists between the diversion ring and the centripetal turbine, the dynamic and static gap is communicated with the air collecting port of the front diversion shell, and the guide vane grating assembly is further arranged on a communication path.
The two-stage centrifugal homodromous serial fuel cell air compressor with the waste gas recovery device is characterized in that an air bearing seat is arranged on the centripetal turbine shaft through a second air bearing, and a front-stage flow guiding shell is fixedly connected with a bleed air volute and is used for radial limiting.
The invention has compact structure, simple airflow channel structure, stable rotor installation, good cooling effect and reduced power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 1;
Reference numerals illustrate the motor 1, inlet air flow channels 1a, water cooling flow channels 1b, air filter assembly 11, compressed air intake guide housing 12, water cooling flow channel housing 13, end cap assembly 14, motor stator body assembly 15, air channel heat conducting ring 16, metal fins 16a, first air bearing 17, two-stage co-directional tandem centrifugal compressor 2, inlet guide housing 21, first stage guide ring 22, inter-stage separator 23, guide vane holes 23a, bleed volute 24, second stage seal ring 25, electromechanical co-axial rotor assembly 3, motor rotor shaft 31, first stage centrifugal impeller 32, sleeve 33, second stage centrifugal impeller 34, balance piston ring 35, centripetal turbine shaft 36, centripetal turbine 37, lock nut 38, exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4, stage forward guide housing 41, guide ring 42, guide vane gate assembly 43, seal ring 44, air bearing housing 45, and second air bearing 46.
Detailed Description
Some specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, by way of example and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts or portions. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to true scale.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the problems:
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a two-stage centrifugal co-directional serial fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, which is provided with an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3, wherein an electric motor 1, a two-stage co-directional serial centrifugal compressor 2 and an exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4 are sequentially arranged on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 from left to right, the two-stage co-directional serial centrifugal compressor 2 is arranged on the right side of the electric motor 1, the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4 is arranged on the right side of the two-stage co-directional serial centrifugal compressor 2, and a turbine outlet and an impeller inlet direction of the two-stage co-directional serial centrifugal compressor 2 are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 so as to balance partial axial force;
The left side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 is a motor rotor shaft 31, a water cooling flow passage shell 13 is arranged on the motor rotor shaft 31 through a first air bearing 17, a motor stator body component 15 is arranged on the inner side of the water cooling flow passage shell 13 in an interference mode, an air passage heat conducting ring 16 is assembled on the outer side of the water cooling flow passage shell 13, a water cooling flow passage 1b is reserved between the water cooling flow passage shell 13 and the air passage heat conducting ring 16, the air passage heat conducting ring 16 is arranged in an air compressing and air inlet guide shell 12, an inlet air flow passage 1a is formed between the air compressing and air inlet guide shell 12 and the water cooling flow passage shell 13, an air filter component 11 is arranged at the inlet end of the air passage heat conducting ring 16, the outlet end of the air compressing and air cooling flow passage 1a are communicated, as shown in fig. 2, heat exchange between inlet air and the water cooling flow passage 1b is facilitated, the number of the metal fins 16a can be designed according to the situation, and the outer end of the water cooling flow passage shell 13 is fixedly arranged by an end cover component 14 through bolts;
A first-stage centrifugal impeller 32, a shaft sleeve 33, a second-stage centrifugal impeller 34 and a balance piston ring 35 are arranged on the right side of a motor rotor shaft 31 of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 from left to right, the two-stage homodromous serial centrifugal compressor 2 is provided with an inlet diversion shell 21, a first-stage diversion ring 22, an interstage partition 23, a bleed air volute 24 and a second-stage sealing ring 25 which are arranged in sequence from left to right, a gap between the inlet diversion shell 21 and the water cooling runner shell 13 is communicated with the inlet air runner 1a, the first-stage diversion ring 22 is opposite to the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32, is fixed in an inner cavity of the inlet diversion shell 21, is fixed through assembly and installation of the inlet diversion shell 21 and the bleed air volute 24, and the reserved machining error can meet the requirement through an assembly process; the interstage diaphragm 23 is fixed on the bleed air volute 24 through bolt installation, a certain number of air flow guide blades 23a are designed between the interstage diaphragm 23 and the bleed air volute 24, the number of blades is set according to the situation, bolt through holes are arranged in the guide blades 23a, the interstage diaphragm 23 and the bleed air volute 24 are fixedly installed together through bolts, the formed assembly is opposite to the shaft sleeve 33, the machining tolerance of the U-shaped air flow channel formed by the first-stage guide ring 22 can meet the requirement through combination machining, the bleed air volute 24 is opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller 34 and is fixedly connected with the inlet guide shell 21 through bolts, the second-stage sealing ring 25 is fixed on the right side of the bleed air volute 24 and opposite to the position of the balance piston ring 35, and the balance piston ring 35 can balance part of axial force, the non-contact labyrinth tooth seal is adopted between the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 and the second-stage centrifugal impeller 34, and the outer ring of the balance piston ring 35 is provided with a non-contact labyrinth tooth seal structure, as shown in fig. 3, a bleed air volute outlet 2a of the bleed air volute 24 is connected with an air side inlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline to form an air pressurizing airflow channel;
The exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine 4 comprises a stage front diversion shell 41, a diversion ring 42, a guide vane grid assembly 43, a sealing ring 44 and an air bearing seat 45, wherein the position, which is positioned on the right side of the balance piston ring 35, of the electromechanical integrated rotor assembly 3 adopts transition fit to install the centripetal turbine shaft 36 so as to improve the bending rigidity of the whole shafting, the air bearing seat 45 is installed on the centripetal turbine shaft 36 through a second air bearing 46, the side surface of the stage front diversion shell 41 is provided with a gas collection port 4a, the gas collection port 4a is connected with an air side outlet of a fuel cell stack through a pipeline so as to recycle air flow, the stage front diversion shell 41 is fixed with a bleed volute 24 and the second stage sealing ring 25 through bolts and is radially limited through the air bearing seat 45, the right side of the air bearing seat 45 is provided with the sealing ring 44, the right side surface of the air bearing seat 45 and the left side surface of the sealing ring 44 are required to form a thrust air bearing limiting surface, the right side of the stage front diversion shell 41 is provided with the diversion ring 42, the centripetal turbine 37 is also fixed on the centripetal shaft 36 and is also connected with the guide vane 37 through the axial diversion ring 38, and the guide vane grid assembly is fixed with the axial diversion ring 37 through the axial direction, and the guide vane grid assembly is not interfered with the guide vane grid assembly 4 when the air flow collection assembly is in running, and the centripetal turbine assembly is not in a running clearance.
The electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 is supported by adopting the first air bearing 17 and the second air bearing 46, so that the balance stability can be improved. The balance piston ring 35 can balance partial pneumatic axial force, reduce the design difficulty of the thrust bearing of the second air bearing 46, and improve the running stability of the shafting.
The invention mainly controls a tangential moment generated by magnetic fields of a stator and a winding magnetic force line of a driving motor to drive an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 to operate through a driver, so that the rotor-main shaft drives a two-stage homodromous serial centrifugal compressor 2 to rotate at the same speed, different rotational speed control of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 realizes high-speed rotation of compressed air of the two-stage homodromous serial centrifugal compressor 2, high-pressure ratio and high-flow gas load output are achieved, the output gas is connected with an air side inlet of a fuel cell stack through a pipeline through a gas-entraining volute outlet 2a, meanwhile, high-pressure waste gas generated by the fuel cell stack is led to a gas-collecting port 4a of a stage front diversion shell 41 through a pipeline, the air flow converts the high-pressure waste gas into kinetic energy through a guide vane grating assembly 43, a turbine 37 and the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 are pushed to rotate at the same speed, the output power of the motor is adaptively reduced, the rotational speed of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly 3 is stabilized, and the flow and the output air compressor is stabilized through control logic adjustment. The air flow supply requirement of the high-power fuel cell engine for the vehicle in a large range can be met according to different condition inputs.
The two-stage homodromous series centrifugal compressor 2 provided by the invention is provided with the inlet air flow passage 1a, the inlet air flow passage 1a is communicated with the air passage heat conducting ring 16, the air passage heat conducting ring 16 is adjacent to the water cooling flow passage shell 13 to form heat conduction contact, ambient air is filtered and purified by the air filter 11, enters the air passage heat conducting ring 16 and is effectively subjected to heat exchange with the water cooling flow passage shell 13, so that the inlet air temperature of the inlet of the first-stage centrifugal impeller 32 can be effectively reduced, the inlet air specific volume is reduced, and the surge margin of the compressor is improved.
In the invention, the air bearing can be selected from the traditional foil type, static pressure type, static and dynamic pressure type and the like.
In the invention, the right end face of the water cooling flow passage shell 13 and the right end face of the end cover assembly 14 are respectively provided with the vent holes, and the number of the vent holes is set according to the situation, so that air flow can flow through the gap between the first air bearing 17 and the stator and the rotor of the permanent magnet motor, the working temperature of the rotor and the bearing is reduced, and the running reliability of the motor and the system is improved.
In the invention, the air filter is arranged on the left end surface of the compressed air inlet guide shell 12, so that the quality of inlet air can be purified, the running reliability of the air bearing is improved, the air bearing is prevented from being blocked during running, and the air filter is also arranged in the inner hole of the motor end cover assembly 14.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the cooling ventilation holes 1c are axially arranged at the matching position of the motor stator body assembly 15 and the water cooling flow passage shell 13, and the number of the cooling ventilation holes 1c is set according to the situation, so that the heat dissipation efficiency and the operation stability of the motor can be effectively improved.
The above description is illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications, variations or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1.一种两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，具有机电同轴一体转子总成(3)，在所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)上依次布置有电动机(1)、两级同向串联离心式压气机(2)和废气回收向心透平(4)；所述两级同向串联离心式压气机(2)的气体出口用于与燃料电池电堆空气侧入口相连通，所述废气回收向心透平(4)的气体入口用于与所述燃料电池电堆空气侧出口相连通；1. A two-stage centrifugal co-rotating series-connected fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device, characterized in that it has an electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), on which an electric motor (1), a two-stage co-rotating series-connected centrifugal compressor (2) and an exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) are arranged in sequence; the gas outlet of the two-stage co-rotating series-connected centrifugal compressor (2) is used to communicate with the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the gas inlet of the exhaust gas recovery centripetal turbine (4) is used to communicate with the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack; 所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)的一侧为电动机转子轴(31)，电动机转子轴(31)上通过第一空气轴承(17)安装有水冷却流道壳体(13)，所述水冷却流道壳体(13)内侧安装有电机定子本体组件(15)，所述水冷却流道壳体(13)的外侧装配有空气通道导热环(16)，空气通道导热环(16)又安装在压气进气导流壳体(12)中，所述压气进气导流壳体(12)与水冷却流道壳体(13)之间形成有入口空气流道(1a)，所述入口空气流道(1a)通过所述空气通道导热环(16)与环境空气相连通；One side of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3) is a motor rotor shaft (31), a water cooling channel housing (13) is mounted on the motor rotor shaft (31) via a first air bearing (17), a motor stator body assembly (15) is mounted inside the water cooling channel housing (13), an air channel heat conducting ring (16) is mounted on the outside of the water cooling channel housing (13), the air channel heat conducting ring (16) is mounted in a compressed air intake guide housing (12), an inlet air channel (1a) is formed between the compressed air intake guide housing (12) and the water cooling channel housing (13), and the inlet air channel (1a) is connected to ambient air via the air channel heat conducting ring (16); 在所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)的电动机转子轴(31)的一侧安装有第一级离心叶轮(32)、轴套(33)以及第二级离心叶轮(34)，所述两级同向串联离心式压气机(2)具有依次安装的入口导流壳体(21)、第一级导流环(22)、级间隔板(23)以及引气蜗壳(24)，所述入口导流壳体(21)与所述水冷却流道壳体(13)之间的缝隙与所述入口空气流道(1a)相连通，所述第一级导流环(22)与所述第一级离心叶轮(32)位置相对，级间隔板(23)与所述轴套(33)位置相对，通过螺栓安装在所述引气蜗壳(24)上，级间隔板(23)和引气蜗壳(24)所形成的组合件与所述第一级导流环(22)之间形成U形的气流通道，所述引气蜗壳(24)与所述第二级离心叶轮(34)位置相对，其具有的引气蜗壳出口(2a)与燃料电池电堆空气侧入口相连通；A first-stage centrifugal impeller (32), a shaft sleeve (33) and a second-stage centrifugal impeller (34) are installed on one side of the motor rotor shaft (31) of the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3); the two-stage co-directional series centrifugal compressor (2) comprises an inlet guide housing (21), a first-stage guide ring (22), a stage partition plate (23) and an air volute (24) which are installed in sequence; a gap between the inlet guide housing (21) and the water cooling flow channel housing (13) is connected to the inlet air flow channel (1a); The first-stage guide ring (22) is opposite to the first-stage centrifugal impeller (32), the stage partition plate (23) is opposite to the shaft sleeve (33), and is installed on the air induction volute (24) by bolts, and a U-shaped air flow channel is formed between the assembly formed by the stage partition plate (23) and the air induction volute (24) and the first-stage guide ring (22), the air induction volute (24) is opposite to the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34), and the air induction volute outlet (2a) thereof is connected to the air side inlet of the fuel cell stack; 其中，在水冷却流道壳体(13)与空气通道导热环(16)之间留有水冷却流道(1b)。A water cooling channel (1b) is left between the water cooling channel housing (13) and the air channel heat conducting ring (16). 2.根据权利要求1所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，所述空气通道导热环(16)的入口端设有空气过滤器组件(11)。2. The two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that an air filter assembly (11) is provided at the inlet end of the air channel heat conducting ring (16). 3.根据权利要求1所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，在所述空气通道导热环(16)中还设置有金属翅片(16a)。3. The two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that metal fins (16a) are also provided in the air channel heat conducting ring (16). 4.根据权利要求1所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，所述第一级离心叶轮(32)与第二级离心叶轮(34)之间采用非接触式的迷宫齿式密封。4. The two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a non-contact labyrinth tooth seal is used between the first-stage centrifugal impeller (32) and the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34). 5.根据权利要求1所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，在所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)上位于第二级离心叶轮(34)一侧位置设有平衡活塞环(35)，在引气蜗壳(24)的一侧设有第二级密封环(25)，所述第二级密封环(25)与所述平衡活塞环(35)位置相对。5. According to claim 1, a two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device is characterized in that a balancing piston ring (35) is provided on one side of the second-stage centrifugal impeller (34) on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), and a second-stage sealing ring (25) is provided on one side of the air induction volute (24), and the second-stage sealing ring (25) is opposite to the balancing piston ring (35). 6.根据权利要求1所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，所述废气回收向心透平(4)包括级前导流壳体(41)、导流环(42)、导叶栅组件(43)和空气轴承座(45)，所述级前导流壳体(41)的侧面设有集气口(4a)，所述集气口(4a)与燃料电池电堆空气侧出口相连通，在所述机电同轴一体转子总成(3)上安装有向心涡轮轴(36)，在所述向心涡轮轴(36)上固定有向心涡轮(37)，所述导流环(42)与向心涡轮(37)之间存在动静间隙，所述动静间隙与所述级前导流壳体(41)的集气口(4a)相连通，在连通路径上还设有所述导叶栅组件(43)。6. According to claim 1, the two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device is characterized in that the exhaust gas recovery centrifugal turbine (4) includes a pre-stage guide casing (41), a guide ring (42), a guide vane assembly (43) and an air bearing seat (45), and the side of the pre-stage guide casing (41) is provided with an air collecting port (4a), and the air collecting port (4a) is connected to the air side outlet of the fuel cell stack. A centrifugal turbine shaft (36) is installed on the electromechanical coaxial integrated rotor assembly (3), and a centrifugal turbine (37) is fixed on the centrifugal turbine shaft (36). There is a dynamic and static gap between the guide ring (42) and the centrifugal turbine (37), and the dynamic and static gap is connected to the air collecting port (4a) of the pre-stage guide casing (41), and the guide vane assembly (43) is also provided on the connecting path. 7.根据权利要求6所述的两级离心同向串联式带有废气回收装置的燃料电池空压机，其特征在于，空气轴承座45通过第二空气轴承(46)安装在所述向心涡轮轴(36)上，级前导流壳体(41)与引气蜗壳(24)固定连接，并通过所述空气轴承座(45)进行径向限位。7. According to claim 6, the two-stage centrifugal co-directional series fuel cell air compressor with an exhaust gas recovery device is characterized in that the air bearing seat 45 is installed on the centripetal turbine shaft (36) through a second air bearing (46), the pre-stage guide casing (41) is fixedly connected to the air induction volute (24), and radial positioning is performed by the air bearing seat (45).
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