CN110782767A - A hoist gate experimental device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for a hoist gate, which mainly solves the problems of difficulty in learning and affecting the progress of learning under the existing technical conditions. The device includes a base, a left frame and a right frame arranged on the base, a hoisting type hoisting unit set on the left frame and the right frame to be fixed, a flat gate connected with the hoisting unit, and a flat gate for fixing the The electrical control system for the hoisting unit to send control signals. Through the above design, the present invention can enable new employees to understand the learning content more deeply, concretely and clearly, and at the same time, the display of the model can also improve the imagination space ability of new employees. It can disassemble, assemble, simulate gate action and gate failure independently, and allow learners to fully participate in the prevention, discovery, elimination and resolution of failures, which is convenient for use. Therefore, it has high use value and promotion value.

Description

A hoist gate experimental device

technical field

The invention relates to an experimental teaching device, in particular to an experimental device for a hoisting machine gate.

Background technique

At present, in the induction education and training of metal structures in hydropower stations, most of the structures and principles of metal structures are observed on site, studied theoretically, or learned on site through the annual maintenance period. In addition, there are also models on the market, but none of them can simulate all possible failures, and only stay at the stage of understanding and understanding. The model is relatively rigid. If you want to learn the metal structure, you need rich spatial imagination, which greatly inhibits the enthusiasm for learning and limits the teaching mode.

Observing static equipment on site, it is impossible to understand some fault conditions that may be encountered in actual equipment operation. In the usual theoretical study, only some abstract knowledge can be obtained. At the same time, the maintenance period is short and the task is heavy, which is not suitable for on-site teaching. The models on the market are too simple and can only simulate equipment operation, but cannot realize equipment decomposition, learning, research, independent programming, fault simulation, fault analysis, accident analysis, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for a hoist gate, so that the learner can intuitively understand the action of the deceleration mechanism that is usually invisible during the learning process, so that he can be familiar with various emergency situations before entering the workplace. The occurrence of the situation and the countermeasures, to solve the problems of learning difficulties and affecting the learning progress under the existing technical conditions.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

An experimental device for a hoisting machine gate, comprising a base, a left frame and a right frame arranged on the base, a hoisting type hoisting unit fixed on the left frame and the right frame, and a flat gate connected with the hoisting unit, And the electrical control system for sending control signals to the fixed hoisting hoisting unit;

The fixed hoisting type hoisting unit includes a motor arranged on the left frame, a reducer arranged on the left frame and connected to the motor, and a brake arranged on the left frame and located between the motor and the reducer, The transmission shaft connected with the reducer is arranged on a left lifting device connected with the reducer on the left frame, and a right lifting device connected with the other end of the transmission shaft is arranged on the right frame.

Further, the left lifting device includes a gear arranged on the left frame and connected with the reducer, a reel arranged on the left frame and connected with the gear, and fixed pulleys arranged on both sides of the left frame, connected with the reel. The steel wire rope that is connected to the cylinder and used in cooperation with the fixed pulley is arranged at the lower end of the steel wire rope and makes the wire rope cooperate with the moving pulley block connected by the winding; wherein, the end of the steel wire rope passing through the moving pulley block is connected with the flat gate.

Further, the right lifting device has the same structure as the left lifting device, and the gear of the right lifting device is connected with the other end of the transmission shaft.

Further, the electrical control system includes a human-machine interface, an electrical control cabinet connected with the human-machine interface and with a PLC controller, and a rotary encoder that is connected to the PLC controller and arranged on the rotating shaft of the reel of the right lifting device. device, two sets of side-pressure tension load cells installed on the wire ropes of the left hoisting device and the right hoisting device and connected to the PLC controller for measuring the tension of the wire rope, and two sets of side pressure load cells installed on the left frame and the right frame and connected with the PLC controller. The PLC controller is connected with two sets of gravity detection devices used to measure the gravity change of the slab gate.

Further, the gravity detection device includes a support frame connected with the left frame or the right frame, an eccentric lever connected with the support frame through a fulcrum, a tension frame connected with the fulcrum end of the eccentric lever, and connected with the tension frame for winding. Through the balance wheel of the movable pulley block, and the column-type load sensor arranged at the end of the support frame for measuring the pressure change from the eccentric lever; wherein, the column-type load sensor is connected with the PLC controller.

Further, the bottom of the left frame and the right frame are fixedly connected to the base through the gate support for the flat gate clamping, and the upper end of the gate support and the lower end of the corresponding position after the flat gate is lifted are provided with a gate for the flat gate. Fixed channel through holes.

Further, the top of the flat gate is provided with a lifting lug for connecting with the wire rope, a side wheel is provided on one side of the front and rear sides of the flat gate, and a fixed wheel is provided on the other side.

Further, the front panel of the flat gate is provided with a top water-stop water seal, both sides of the flat gate are provided with side water-stop water seals, and the bottom of the flat gate is provided with a bottom water seal.

Further, the lower end of the base is provided with a moving roller.

Further, the casing of the reducer is made of transparent glass material.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention can enable new employees to understand the learning content more deeply, concretely and clearly, and at the same time, the display of the model can also improve the imagination space ability of new employees. It can disassemble, assemble, simulate gate action and gate failure independently, and allow learners to fully participate in the prevention, discovery, elimination and resolution of failures, which is convenient to use.

(2) The present invention can simulate the difference between the upper water stop and the lower water stop of the slab gate by setting the detachable side wheel and the water seal. The traditional slab gate water seal can only use the upper water stop or the lower water stop according to the actual situation on site, and cannot Do comparative teaching. The detachable water seal can simulate the replacement of the damaged water seal at any time. In the traditional technology, the replacement of the water seal can only be carried out during the maintenance period, which enhances the practical operation skills of the students.

(3) The gate of the present invention is made of aluminum alloy, and its weight can protect the safety of the mini gate experimental device and the experimental personnel to a large extent, and will not cause damage and injury when various fault simulations are performed.

(4) The reduction box of the present invention is made of transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic, and it is more clear and intuitive to simulate faults such as the transmission gear in the reduction box and the unqualified oil quality of the gear oil.

(5) The braking system of the present invention can be taught such as disassembly, installation, troubleshooting, etc., so that students can intuitively learn the internal structure and principle of the braking system before entering the post.

(6) In the present invention, a moving roller is arranged at the bottom of the gate support, so that the mini-model is not limited by the teaching location and is convenient to use.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (excluding the electrical control system).

Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along the A-A direction in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gravity detection device in part B of FIG. 1 .

Among them, the names corresponding to the reference signs are:

1-base, 2-left frame, 3-right frame, 4-plate gate, 5-motor, 6-reducer, 7-brake, 8-drive shaft, 9-gear, 10-reel, 11- Fixed pulley, 12-wire rope, 13-movable pulley block, 14-rotary encoder, 15-side pressure load cell, 16-support frame, 17-fulcrum, 18-eccentric lever, 19-tension frame, 20-balance Wheel, 21-column load cell, 22-gate support, 23-channel steel through hole, 24-lifting lug, 25-side wheel, 26-fixed wheel, 27-moving roller.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the modes of the present invention include but are not limited to the following examples.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a hoisting machine gate experimental device disclosed in the present invention includes a base 1, a left frame 2 and a right frame 3 arranged on the base 1, and arranged on the left frame 2 and the right frame 3 The upper fixed hoisting hoist unit, the flat gate 4 connected with the hoist unit, and the electrical control system for sending control signals to the fixed hoisting hoist unit;

The fixed hoisting type hoisting unit includes a motor 5 arranged on the left frame 2, a reducer 6 arranged on the left frame 2 and connected with the motor 5, arranged on the left frame 2 and located between the motor 5 and the motor 5. The brake 7 between the reducers 6, the transmission shaft 8 connected to the reducer 6, the left lifting device connected to the reducer 6 on the left frame 2, and the other end of the transmission shaft 8 arranged on the right frame 3 Connected right lift. The outer casing of the reducer 6 is made of transparent glass material, which is more clear and intuitive when simulating the transmission gear in the reducer, and the failure of the gear oil quality is unqualified.

The brake 7 adopts the electric hydraulic block brake, which can simulate the failure of the brake, the failure of the brake to be opened, etc., so as to facilitate the investigation of the cause of the failure and find a solution. It is also possible to conduct on-site teaching on the disassembly, installation, adjustment of the brake gap, and replacement of the brake pad, so as to conveniently and intuitively show the students the structure and operation principle of the brake, as well as how to repair and maintain it. This type of braking system is similar to the braking system used by most traditional fixed hoisting hoists, but the traditional technology can only perform brake clearance and brake shoe replacement during the maintenance period, which limits the further learning of the students.

The left lifting device includes a gear 9 arranged on the left frame 2 and connected with the reducer 6 , a reel 10 arranged on the left frame 2 and connected with the gear 9 , and fixed on both sides of the left frame 2 . The pulley 11, the wire rope 12 connected to the reel 10 and used in conjunction with the fixed pulley 11, is arranged at the lower end of the wire rope 12 and makes the wire rope 12 cooperate with the movable pulley group 13 for winding connection; wherein, the end of the wire rope 12 passing through the movable pulley group 13 is connected to the flat plate Gate 4 is connected. The right lifting device has the same structure as the left lifting device, the difference is that the gear 9 of the right lifting device is connected with the other end of the transmission shaft 8 .

The electrical control system includes a human-machine interface, an electrical control cabinet connected with the human-machine interface and with a PLC controller, and a rotary encoder 14 connected to the PLC controller and arranged on the rotating shaft of the reel 10 of the right lifting device. , two sets of side-pressure tension load cells 15 arranged on the wire ropes 12 of the left hoisting device and the right hoisting device and connected with the PLC controller for measuring the tensile force of the wire rope 12, and two sets of side pressure load cells 15 arranged on the left frame 2 and the right frame 3 and connected to the PLC controller, two sets of gravity detection devices used to measure the gravity change of the slab gate.

Among them, the gravity detection device is mainly realized by the lever principle. The gravity detection device includes a support frame 16 connected to the left frame 2 or the right frame 3, an eccentric lever 18 connected to the support frame 16 through a fulcrum 17, and the eccentric lever 18. The tension frame 19 connected to the fulcrum 17 end of the lever 18 is connected to the tension frame 19 for winding through the balance wheel 20 of the movable pulley block 13, and a column load arranged at the end of the support frame 16 for measuring the pressure change from the eccentric lever 18 Sensor 21; wherein, the column load sensor 21 is connected with the PLC controller. When the gate is hoisted, the wire rope is forced to pull down the tension frame 19, so that the right end of the eccentric lever is pressed down on the column load sensor 21, thereby realizing the pressure detection, which is replaced by the gate gravity change detection.

The acquisition and conversion of the gate opening is realized by the rotary encoder and the PLC controller. During the operation of the gate, the rotary encoder transmits the mechanical displacement of the gate to the PLC controller through electrical signals, and finally displays the real-time opening of the gate on the man-machine interface. Spend.

The gate is provided with two sets of load cells on the left and right sides respectively. The load cell adopts side-pressure tension load cell and column load cell. The side-pressure tension weighing sensor is installed on the steel wire rope. The tension deformation of the wire rope under different tensions is transmitted to the PLC system through the sensor, and finally the real-time real-time status of the left and right gates is displayed on the man-machine interface. load.

The column pressure load sensor is installed on the left and right racks. After the sensor is under pressure, it converts the pressure into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC system. Finally, the real-time load of the left and right gates is displayed on the man-machine interface. Realize the simulation teaching of gate opening.

The reason why the side-pressure tension load cell and the column load cell 21 are used to measure the gravity change of the gate is to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two measurement methods and the feasibility of changing one measurement method to another. and reliability studies. Enhance the experimental device learning experience.

The bottom of the left frame 2 and the right frame 3 is fixedly connected to the base 1 through the gate support 22 for the flat gate 4 to be clamped. The upper end of the gate support 22 and the lower end of the corresponding position after the flat gate 4 is lifted are provided with useful The channel steel through hole 23 is limited and fixed to the flat gate 4 . After the gate is lifted, by inserting the I-shaped channel steel into the channel steel through hole 23, the flat gate can be suspended and fixed to avoid the wire rope being stressed for a long time.

The flat gate is made of aluminum alloy, and its weight can protect the safety of the mini gate experimental device and the experimental personnel to a large extent, and will not cause damage and injury when various fault simulations are performed. The top of the flat gate 4 is provided with a lifting lug 24 for connecting with the wire rope 12 , a detachable connection side wheel 25 is provided on one side of the front and rear sides of the flat gate 4 , and a fixed wheel 26 is provided on the other side. There are four side wheels 25 and four fixed wheels 26, which are used for guiding during the lifting process of the flat gate. The front panel of the flat gate 4 is connected with a top water sealing water seal, both sides of the flat gate 4 are provided with side water sealing water seals, and the bottom of the flat gate 4 is provided with a bottom water seal. All water seals are detachably connected to the flat gate 4, and there are two corresponding lifting ears; the side wheel 25 and the fixed wheel 26 are provided on the other side. The detachable water seal can simulate the replacement of the damaged water seal at any time. In the technology, the replacement of the water seal can only be carried out during the maintenance period. Cannot be used flexibly. The top water seal and the side water seal generally use a b-type water seal rubber, and the bottom water seal adopts a plate-shaped water seal rubber.

In order to make the whole device easy to move and make the mini model not limited by the teaching location, the lower end of the base 1 is provided with a moving roller 27 .

Through the above design, the present invention enables new employees to understand the learning content more deeply, concretely and clearly, and at the same time, the display of the model can also improve the imagination space ability of the new employees. It can disassemble, assemble, simulate gate action and gate failure independently, and allow learners to fully participate in the prevention, discovery, elimination and resolution of failures, which is convenient to use. Therefore, it has high use value and promotion value.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. If the technical problem is still consistent with the present invention, it should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A winch gate experimental device is characterized by comprising a base (1), a left frame (2) and a right frame (3) which are arranged on the base (1), a fixed winch hoist unit which is arranged on the left frame (2) and the right frame (3), a flat gate (4) which is connected with the hoist unit, and an electrical control system which is used for sending control signals to the fixed winch hoist unit;

the fixed winch hoist set comprises a motor (5) arranged on a left rack (2), a speed reducer (6) arranged on the left rack (2) and connected with the motor (5), a brake (7) arranged on the left rack (2) and located between the motor (5) and the speed reducer (6), a transmission shaft (8) connected with the speed reducer (6), a left lifting device arranged on the left rack (2) and connected with the speed reducer (6), and a right lifting device arranged on a right rack (3) and connected with the other end of the transmission shaft (8).

2. The experimental device of the winch gate according to claim 1, wherein the left lifting device comprises a gear (9) arranged on the left frame (2) and connected with the speed reducer (6), a winding drum (10) arranged on the left frame (2) and connected with the gear (9), fixed pulleys (11) arranged on two sides of the left frame (2), a steel wire rope (12) connected with the winding drum (10) and used in cooperation with the fixed pulleys (11), and a movable pulley block (13) arranged at the lower end of the steel wire rope (12) and used for enabling the steel wire rope (12) to be connected in a winding manner in a matching manner; wherein, the tail end of the steel wire rope (12) which penetrates out of the movable pulley block (13) is connected with the flat gate (4).

3. The experimental device of the gate of the hoist as claimed in claim 2, wherein the right hoisting device is identical to the left hoisting device in structure, and the gear (9) of the right hoisting device is connected with the other end of the transmission shaft (8).

4. The experimental device of the winch gate according to claim 3, wherein the electrical control system comprises a human-computer interface, an electrical control cabinet connected with the human-computer interface and provided with a PLC (programmable logic controller), a rotary encoder (14) connected with the PLC and arranged on a rotating shaft of a winding drum (10) of the right lifting device, two sets of lateral pressure type tension weighing sensors (15) arranged on the steel wire ropes (12) of the left lifting device and the right lifting device and connected with the PLC and used for measuring the tension of the steel wire ropes (12), and two sets of gravity detection devices arranged on the left frame (2) and the right frame (3) and connected with the PLC and used for measuring the gravity change of the flat gate.

5. The experimental device of the gate of the hoist as claimed in claim 4, wherein the gravity detecting device comprises a support frame (16) connected to the left frame (2) or the right frame (3), an eccentric lever (18) connected to the support frame (16) through a fulcrum (17), a tension frame (19) connected to the fulcrum (17) end of the eccentric lever (18), a balance wheel (20) connected to the tension frame (19) for winding through the movable pulley block (13), and a column type load sensor (21) disposed at the end of the support frame (16) for measuring the pressure change from the eccentric lever (18); wherein, the column type load sensor (21) is connected with the PLC controller.

6. The winch gate experimental device according to claim 5, wherein the lower parts of the left frame (2) and the right frame (3) are fixedly connected with the base (1) through a gate support (22) for clamping the flat gate (4), and channel steel through holes (23) for limiting and fixing the flat gate (4) are formed in the upper end of the gate support (22) and the lower end of the corresponding position after the flat gate (4) is lifted.

7. The experimental device of the gate of the winch, according to claim 6, is characterized in that the top end of the flat gate (4) is provided with a lifting lug (24) connected with a steel wire rope (12), one of the front side and the rear side of the flat gate (4) is provided with a side wheel (25), and the other side of the front side and the rear side of the flat gate is provided with a fixed wheel (26).

8. The experimental device of the gate of the winch according to claim 7, wherein a top water seal is disposed on the front panel of the flat gate (4), side water seals are disposed on both side surfaces of the flat gate (4), and a bottom water seal is disposed on the bottom of the flat gate (4).

9. The experimental device of the gate of the hoist as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the lower end of the base (1) is provided with a moving roller (27).

10. The experimental device of the gate of the hoist as claimed in claim 9, wherein the casing of the speed reducer (6) is made of transparent glass material.

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