CN110779131A - Energy complementary passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system - Google Patents

Energy complementary passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110779131A
CN110779131A CN201911099341.8A CN201911099341A CN110779131A CN 110779131 A CN110779131 A CN 110779131A CN 201911099341 A CN201911099341 A CN 201911099341A CN 110779131 A CN110779131 A CN 110779131A
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China
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soil
air
energy
heat exchange
wall
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刘政轩
周跃宽
张国强
陈大川
俞准
李郡
秦迪
严中俊
祝悦湘
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F5/005Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using energy from the ground by air circulation, e.g. "Canadian well"
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D15/00Other domestic- or space-heating systems
    • F24D15/02Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24TGEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24TGEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T50/00Geothermal systems 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20Solar thermal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40Geothermal heat-pumps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive house which comprises a soil-air heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system, a phase-change energy-storage inner wall body and a building body. The Trombe wall cavity and the soil-air heat exchange system are coupled and applied for the first time, fresh high-quality cooling air is provided for the indoor without using a fan in summer, zero energy consumption of a building is really realized, and more comfortable air supply temperature can be provided for the indoor in winter. Different phase change energy storage units are applied to the system, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the system can be improved, the fluctuation of indoor temperature can be reduced, the aim of intermittent operation of the soil-air heat exchange system can be fulfilled, and the obvious reduction of the efficiency of the system caused by long-time continuous operation of the system can be avoided. In addition, the system can be used as a heat production end to prepare domestic hot water in summer, and solar radiation is insufficient in winter to provide proper air supply temperature indoors.

Description

Energy complementary passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy complementary passive house based on an energy storage Trombe wall and a soil-air heat exchange system, and belongs to the application of renewable energy technology in the field of building energy conservation.
Background
At present, building energy consumption, traffic energy consumption and industrial energy consumption are combined into three major energy consumption households in China, and the increasing trend of the building energy consumption is more and more obvious along with the increase of the area of a newly built building and the improvement of the living comfort of people. Among the energy consumption of buildings, the energy consumption of cooling and heating is the most important energy consumption form. With the improvement of living standard of people, the requirements on living environment are higher and higher, so people begin to generally use air conditioners to ensure the thermal comfort of indoor environment. The use of a large amount of air conditioners not only aggravates the increase of building energy consumption, but also causes certain environmental pollution and greenhouse effect due to the use of the refrigerant. In addition, people expect that window opening ventilation cannot be carried out in time in the air-conditioning environment, the indoor air quality is inevitably reduced, the phenomena of air-conditioning syndrome such as dizziness are caused, and the window opening ventilation can sharply increase the building energy consumption. In order to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, clean and environment-friendly renewable energy sources need to be used, and under the trend of low carbon and energy conservation, geothermal energy and solar energy are favored by more and more people as the most common new energy utilization technologies.
The soil-air heat exchange system is one of the most common geothermal energy utilization modes and is widely applied to the building energy-saving technology, compared with other geothermal energy utilization technologies, the soil-air heat exchange system has the advantages of simple equipment and low operation cost, and the system can provide fresh air indoors to a certain extent. However, the traditional soil-air heat exchange system usually adopts a horizontal pipe laying form, the horizontal pipe laying has the defects of large floor area, high temperature of shallow soil and difficulty in concentrated discharge of condensed water, although some researchers propose that a certain gradient is set for the pipe laying in the construction process, the condensed water condensed on the pipe wall is still difficult to be concentrated and discharged quickly, if the condensed water is adhered on the pipe wall for a long time, mildew and pathological changes are liable to occur, and therefore the quality of air supply of the system is influenced. In addition, the heat storage capacity of the soil is limited, and the heat exchange efficiency of the conventional system is rapidly reduced when the conventional system is operated continuously for a long time, that is, the temperature of the soil around the buried pipe is obviously increased/decreased after the conventional system is operated for a period of time (summer/winter). Although the patent (grant No.: CN 206670100U) proposes a vertical buried tunnel ventilation system, the patent has three problems: 1) the system adopts a PE pipe material, the pressure resistance of the PE pipe is small, after the pipe is buried to a certain depth, the PE pipe is seriously flattened, and the heat exchange capacity of the PE pipe is low; 2) the condensed water treatment is not reasonable enough, and it mainly adopts two reducing butt joints to reduce the contact of air and condensed water, sets up the drain pipe in the bottom and concentrates the discharge condensate water through the suction pump, adopts the reducing to damage very easily in the buried pipe work progress, and the lift of traditional suction pump is less in addition, hardly absorbs water when the degree of depth surpasss 10.5 m. 3) The buried pipe for effective heat exchange at the lower part is directly contacted with the soil, a phase change energy storage structure is not arranged, but the heat storage capacity of the soil is limited, so that the efficiency is reduced quickly when the system operates.
The Trombe wall is a heat collection wall body which has no mechanical power and only collects solar energy passively to supply heat for buildings, and is provided by FelixTrombe professor in French solar laboratories. In summer, however, Trombe walls may cause overheating in the room. In the prior art, Trombe walls are generally used for heating in winter, and the heat load is usually reduced in summer through a traditional external shading mode. The glamorous et al propose a double-layer building test bed (with the grant number: CN 206531652U) with a Trombe wall structure, which explains the operation principle of the traditional Trombe wall and verifies that the Trombe wall has the characteristic of improving indoor thermal comfort, but the patent does not consider various problems existing in the actual operation of the Trombe wall, such as excessive dependence on solar radiation, thermal instability and the like. Zhuna et al have proposed a self-regulating phase change Trombe wall (grant No.: CN 106836522A), compared with prior art can solve the traditional Trombe wall and heat insufficient and summer overheated problem when there is no sun in winter, but the patent does not consider how to utilize the heat that Trombe wall produced in summer, does not consider that Trombe wall produce because of hot-pressing the wind-out effect as the power source of other energy-conserving techniques either, it reduces the influence of the outer wall temperature by the heat peak value that solar energy produces only through the energy storage structure of phase change. Similarly, patents granted nos. CN 104314196A, CN 103790244 a and CN 208154693U only consider the effect of improving indoor environment of the Trombe wall in winter, but cannot well utilize the wind-out effect in summer as a power source for other technologies, and do not consider that the Trombe wall generates excessive heat in summer as a heat source for other media, so that it is difficult to fully utilize the Trombe wall in summer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an energy source complementary passive house based on an energy storage Trombe wall and a soil-air heat exchange system, which has the following 5 advantages compared with the traditional Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system: 1) the Trombe wall is coupled with the soil-air heat exchange system, and air in a cavity of the Trombe wall is heated to generate heat and press to form a draft effect in summer, so that power is provided for the soil-air heat exchange system, outdoor air is cooled through heat exchange with underground soil and then is delivered to the room, the purposes of cooling the room and providing fresh air can be achieved, and zero energy consumption of a building is really realized because the system does not need a fan to provide power in summer; in winter, the outdoor air is preheated by the soil-air heat exchange system, and the preheated air is reheated by the Trombe wall cavity and then sent to the indoor for heating. 2) Perpendicular pipe laying soil-air heat transfer system is because its slope is 90, compares and to make the quick bottom of concentrating on of comdenstion water that produces and discharge in horizontal pipe laying system, and the pipe laying bottom comprises air pipe on upper portion and the collection drainage pipe way of lower part, and in order to avoid the influence of comdenstion water to the interior air that flows of pipeline, both are separated the setting to for indoor fresh high-quality cooling air that provides. 3) The phase change energy storage structure is arranged around the buried pipe of the soil-air heat exchange system, and because the latent heat of the phase change energy storage material is far larger than that of soil, the phenomenon that the operation efficiency of the soil is reduced due to the fact that the temperature of the soil rises/falls too fast is avoided. 4) The phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system structure can prolong the action time of a Trombe wall cavity, namely, the phase-change material releases energy when solar radiation is insufficient so as to keep a certain temperature in the cavity; when solar radiation is sufficient, heat generated by the cavity of the Trombe wall can be transferred into the hot water pipe through the phase change material, so that hot water with a certain temperature is generated for indoor heating and domestic hot water, and the purpose of utilizing solar energy to the maximum extent is achieved; in winter, the system can provide heat for the Trombe wall cavity when solar radiation is insufficient, so that the requirement of indoor air supply in winter is met. 5) The soil-air heat exchange system is combined with the phase-change energy storage inner wall body, the aim of intermittent operation of the soil-air heat exchange system can be fulfilled under the condition that the fluctuation range of the indoor temperature is kept, and the condition that the operation efficiency of the soil-air heat exchange system is obviously reduced due to continuous long-time operation of the soil-air heat exchange system is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive house mainly comprises a soil-air heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system, a phase-change energy-storage inner wall body and a building body; the soil-air heat exchange system is composed of vertical U-shaped buried pipes, and the structure can enable condensed water generated on the pipe wall of the system in summer operation to be rapidly concentrated to the bottoms of the U-shaped buried pipes under the action of gravity because the inclination angle of the pipes is 90 degrees, wherein the lower parts of the U-shaped buried pipes are provided with water collecting and draining bypasses, the annular phase change energy storage structure wrapping pipes are arranged below the depth of 5m of the U-shaped buried pipes, and the air outlet branch pipes above 5m of the U-shaped buried pipes are provided with heat insulation layers; the Trombe wall cavity is coupled with the soil-air heat exchange system, and in summer, the Trombe wall cavity can provide power for the soil-air heat exchange system through a draft effect caused by heating air, so that the use of a fan is reduced; in winter, the Trombe wall cavity can be used for reheating outdoor air after the soil-air heat exchange system is preheated, so that the indoor air supply requirement is met. The phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system is positioned on the side, close to the wall, of the cavity of the Trombe wall and mainly comprises a hot water pipe and a phase-change energy storage layer, air in the cavity of the Trombe wall is heated in summer, redundant heat can be transferred to the phase-change energy-storage outer wall to heat the hot water pipe to generate hot water, and meanwhile the phase-change energy-storage outer wall releases heat when solar radiation is insufficient, so that the draught effect time of the cavity of the Trombe wall can be prolonged, and more lasting power is provided for the soil-air heat exchange system; the phase-change energy storage inner wall body is installed in a modularized splicing mode, the fluctuation of indoor temperature can be reduced, and the intermittent operation working condition of the soil-air heat exchange system can be realized, so that the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
The U-shaped buried pipe of the soil-air heat exchange system is made of stainless steel, the thickness of the U-shaped buried pipe is 2mm, and the pipe diameter of the U-shaped buried pipe is 200 mm and 250 mm; the bottom of the U-shaped buried pipe consists of an upper ventilating pipeline and a lower water collecting and draining groove, and the ventilating pipeline and the water collecting and draining groove are separated by a circular baffle and a cover plate welded on the upper part of the water pump, so that the air quality is prevented from being influenced by the contact of flowing air and condensed water in the pipeline; a pressure hole with the diameter of 5mm is formed in the middle of the circular baffle, and the difference between the diameter of the water pump cover plate and the diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 5 mm; the gradient of the ventilation pipeline and the water collecting and draining groove is 5 degrees; the right branch pipe of the water collecting and draining tank is provided with a draining pump and two water level sensors for timely draining the produced condensed water.
The thickness of the annular phase-change material structure outside the U-shaped buried pipe is 5cm, the phase-change material is a composite material of paraffin and expanded graphite, wherein the expanded graphite accounts for 20%, and the paraffin accounts for 80%; the phase-change material is arranged around the buried pipe to store energy in soil, and the energy is released to air in the pipe when the system operates, so that the operating efficiency of the system is increased; the phase-change material structure is packaged through a PVC pipe, and the interface is strictly sealed, so that the phase-change material structure is prevented from being leaked in soil.
The Trombe wall cavity is formed by surrounding a phase change energy storage outer wall hot water system by a double-layer vacuum glass cover, the thickness of the cavity is 400-500mm, the top of the Trombe wall cavity is provided with an air outlet and a corresponding air valve, and the lower part of the Trombe wall cavity is connected with a soil-air heat exchange system; the Trombe wall cavity is connected with the indoor environment through an upper air port, a lower air port and a corresponding air valve.
The hot water pipe of the phase-change energy storage outer wall hot water system is wrapped by the phase-change energy storage plate, the sunny side of the phase-change energy storage plate is coated with a heat absorption material, fins are arranged inside the phase-change energy storage plate, and the hot water pipe is connected with a heat storage water tank or other heat supply systems. The phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system can be used as a heat-producing end in summer, and can provide heat for the Trombe wall cavity in winter when solar radiation is insufficient.
The phase-change energy-storage inner wall body is assembled in a modularized mode and is adhered to the inner wall of the building body, the phase-change energy-storage inner wall body can adjust fluctuation of indoor temperature, and is coupled with a soil-air heat exchange system to achieve intermittent operation of the system, so that soil temperature can be recovered in time.
The pipeline heat-insulating layer adopted in the system is made of polyurethane, the thickness of the polyurethane is 5cm, and the outer layer of the polyurethane is wrapped by PVC (polyvinyl chloride), so that the heat-insulating property of the pipeline heat-insulating layer is prevented from being influenced by moisture in soil; the heat insulation material between the phase change energy storage plate and the building body in the system is an extruded plate, and the thickness of the heat insulation material is 5 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an energy source complementary passive house based on an energy storage Trombe wall and a soil-air heat exchange system, which has the following 5 advantages compared with the traditional Trombe wall and the soil-air heat exchange system: 1) the Trombe wall is coupled with the soil-air heat exchange system, air in a cavity of the Trombe wall is heated to generate heat and press to form a draft effect in summer, so that power is provided for the soil-air heat exchange system, outdoor air is delivered to the room after being subjected to heat exchange with underground soil for cooling, the purposes of cooling the room and providing fresh air can be achieved, and zero energy consumption of a building is really realized because the system does not need a fan for providing power in summer; in winter, the outdoor air is preheated by the soil-air heat exchange system, and the preheated air is reheated by the Trombe wall cavity and then sent to the indoor for heating. 2) Perpendicular pipe laying soil-air heat transfer system is because its slope is 90, compares and to make the quick bottom of concentrating on of comdenstion water that produces and discharge in horizontal pipe laying system, and the pipe laying bottom comprises air pipe on upper portion and the collection drainage pipe way of lower part, and in order to avoid the influence of comdenstion water to the interior air that flows of pipeline, both are separated the setting to for indoor fresh high-quality cooling air that provides. 3) The phase change energy storage structure is arranged around the buried pipe of the soil-air heat exchange system, and because the latent heat of the phase change energy storage material is far larger than that of soil, the phenomenon that the operation efficiency of the soil is reduced due to the fact that the temperature of the soil rises/falls too fast is avoided. 4) The phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system structure can prolong the action time of a Trombe wall cavity, namely, the phase-change material releases energy when solar radiation is insufficient so as to keep a certain temperature in the cavity; when solar radiation is sufficient, heat generated by the cavity of the Trombe wall can be transferred into the hot water pipe through the phase change material, so that hot water with a certain temperature is generated for indoor heating and domestic hot water, and the purpose of utilizing solar energy to the maximum extent is achieved; in winter, the system can provide heat for the Trombe wall cavity when solar radiation is insufficient, so that the requirement of indoor air supply in winter is met. 5) The soil-air heat exchange system is combined with the phase-change energy storage inner wall body, the aim of intermittent operation of the soil-air heat exchange system can be fulfilled under the condition that the fluctuation range of the indoor temperature is kept, and the condition that the operation efficiency of the soil-air heat exchange system is obviously reduced due to continuous long-time operation of the soil-air heat exchange system is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the system as a whole.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Trombe wall cavity and a phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system of the system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom bypass of a soil-air heat exchange system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the summer operation of the system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the winter operation of the system.
The meanings of the reference symbols in the figures are as follows:
the cross section of the cavity of the I-Trombe wall is enlarged schematically; II, an enlarged schematic view of a bypass section at the bottom of the soil-air heat exchange system;
1-an air inlet; 2-a water drainage pipe; 3-U-shaped pipe burying; 4-ring phase change material structure; 5-insulating the pipeline; 6-pipeline air supply branch pipe; 7-indoor air inlet; 8-air valve 1; 9-Trombe wall cavity air inlet; 10-air valve 2; 11-Trombe wall cavity indoor lower air inlet; 12-air valve 3; 13-Trombe wall cavity indoor air inlet; 14-air valve 4; an air outlet on the cavity of the 15-Trombe wall; 16-air valve 5; 17-a building body; 18-phase change inner wall; 19-a mute fan; 20-blast gate 6; 21-indoor air outlet; 22-wall insulation layer; 23-outer wall hot water pipe; 24-a phase change energy storage module; a 25-Trombe wall cavity; 26-double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall; 27-a heat-absorbing coating; 28-a bypass air pipe; 29-power line; 30-water pump cover plate; 31-water level sensor 1; 32-condensed water; 33-a water pump; 34-water level sensor 2; 35-bottom bypass slope; 36-circular baffles; 37-pressure port; 38-drainage groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the drawings are only provided for a better understanding of the invention and they should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an energy complementary passive house based on a Trombe wall and a soil-air heat exchange system, which comprises a soil-air heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase-change energy storage outer wall hot water system, a phase-change energy storage inner wall body and a building body, wherein the Trombe wall cavity is provided with a plurality of energy complementary passive houses; the soil-air heat exchange system is composed of vertical U-shaped buried pipes 3, condensed water generated by the pipe walls can be rapidly concentrated to the bottoms of the U-shaped buried pipes under the action of gravity by the structure, wherein a ventilation bypass 28 and a water collection and drainage groove 38 are arranged at the bottoms of the U-shaped buried pipes, an annular phase change energy storage structure 4 wrapping pipelines are arranged below the U-shaped buried pipes by 5m in depth, and heat insulation layers 5 are arranged on air outlet branch pipes above 5m of the U-shaped buried pipes; the Trombe wall cavity is coupled with the soil-air heat exchange system, the Trombe wall cavity 25 provides power for the soil-air heat exchange system through the draft effect of heated air in summer so as to avoid the use of a fan, and the Trombe wall cavity can heat outdoor air after the soil-air heat exchange system is preheated in winter so as to meet the requirement of indoor air supply; the phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system is positioned in a cavity of the Trombe wall and mainly comprises a hot water pipe 23 and a phase-change energy storage module 24, air in the cavity of the Trombe wall is heated in summer, redundant heat can be transferred to the phase-change energy storage module 24 so as to heat the hot water pipe 23 to generate hot water, and meanwhile the phase-change energy storage module 24 releases heat when solar radiation is insufficient so as to prolong the draught effect time of the cavity 25 of the Trombe wall; the phase-change energy storage inner wall body 18 is installed in a modularized splicing mode, the phase-change energy storage inner wall body 18 can reduce fluctuation of indoor temperature, intermittent operation working conditions of a soil-air heat exchange system can be achieved, and accordingly operation efficiency of the system is improved.
The U-shaped buried pipe 3 of the soil-air heat exchange system is made of stainless steel, the thickness is 2mm, and the pipe diameter is 200 mm and 250 mm; the bottom of the U-shaped buried pipe consists of an upper ventilating duct 28 and a lower water collecting and draining groove 38, and the ventilating duct 28 and the water collecting and draining groove 38 are separated by a circular baffle 36 and a cover plate 30 welded on the upper part of the water pump, so that the air quality is prevented from being influenced by the contact of air flowing in the duct and condensed water; a pressure hole 37 with the diameter of 5mm is arranged in the middle of the circular baffle, and the difference between the diameter of the water pump cover plate 30 and the diameter of the U-shaped buried pipe 3 is 5 mm; the slope of the ventilation duct 28 and the water collection and drainage groove 38 is 5 degrees; the right branch pipe of the water collection and drainage tank 38 is provided with a drainage pump 33 and water level sensors 31 and 34, when the water level of the condensed water reaches the sensor 31, the drainage pump 33 control system is started so as to discharge the generated condensed water in time, and when the water level is lower than the sensor 34, the drainage pump 33 control system is closed.
The thickness of the annular phase-change material structure 4 outside the U-shaped buried pipe 3 is 5cm, the phase-change material is a composite material of paraffin and expanded graphite, wherein the expanded graphite accounts for 20%, and the paraffin accounts for 80%; the phase change material is arranged around the buried pipe to store energy in soil, and the energy is released to air in the pipe when the system operates, so that the operation efficiency of the system is increased.
The Trombe wall cavity 25 is formed by surrounding a phase change energy storage outer wall hot water system by a double-layer vacuum glass cover 26, the thickness of the cavity 25 is 400-500mm, the upper part of the Trombe wall cavity 25 is provided with an air outlet 15 and a corresponding air valve 16, and the lower part of the Trombe wall cavity is connected with a soil-air heat exchange system through an air valve 10; the Trombe wall cavity 25 is connected with the indoor environment through the upper and lower air ports 13 and 11 and the corresponding air valves 14 and 12.
The hot water pipe 23 of the phase-change energy storage outer wall hot water system is wrapped by the phase-change energy storage plate 24, the sunny side of the phase-change energy storage plate 24 is coated with a heat absorbing material 27, fins are arranged inside the phase-change energy storage plate 24, and the hot water pipe 23 is connected with a heat storage water tank or other heat supply systems. The phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system can be used as a heat-generating end in summer, and can provide heat for the Trombe wall cavity 25 when solar radiation is insufficient in winter, so that the requirement of indoor air supply in winter is met.
The pipeline heat-insulating layer 5 adopted in the system is made of polyurethane, the thickness of the polyurethane is 5cm, and the outer layer of the polyurethane is wrapped by PVC (polyvinyl chloride), so that the heat-insulating property of the pipeline heat-insulating layer is prevented from being influenced by moisture in soil; the heat-insulating layer 22 between the phase-change energy storage plate 24 and the building body 17 in the system is made of extruded sheet with the thickness of 5 cm.
The invention will be further described by referring to fig. 4 and 5, by way of example of the operation conditions of the system in winter and summer.
Example 1, summer:
referring to fig. 4, dampers 8, 12 and 16 are open and dampers 10, 14 and 20 are closed. The temperature of the cavity 25 of the Trombe wall is raised by irradiation of solar radiation, the air temperature of the cavity 25 is raised and is discharged from the air outlet 15, so that the air pressure at the bottom of the cavity is reduced, the air driving force from the indoor to the cavity is formed, the air flow in the buried pipe 3 is further promoted by reducing the indoor air pressure, the outdoor hot air is subjected to heat exchange with soil, the temperature is reduced, and then the outdoor hot air is sent into the room to provide cold energy for the outdoor hot air, and the system does not need a fan to provide power in summer, so that the zero energy consumption of the building is really realized. The Trombe wall cavity 25 also transfers heat to the phase change energy storage module 24 during system operation and then to the medium of the hot water pipe 23, producing a quantity of hot water by circulation. In addition, when the solar radiation is insufficient, the phase change energy storage module 24 releases heat, so that the temperature in the cavity 25 of the Trombe wall is prevented from being reduced, and the running time of the system is prolonged. The cold air entering the room maintains the temperature of the indoor air to be constant through heat exchange with the phase-change energy storage inner wall body 18, when the indoor temperature is maintained to be certain 22-26 ℃, the air valve 8 can be closed, and therefore the intermittent operation working condition of the soil-air heat exchange system is achieved, and when the indoor temperature is higher than 26 ℃, the air valve 8 is opened, and the system starts to operate again.
Example 2, winter:
referring to fig. 5, dampers 10, 14 and 20 are open and dampers 8, 12 and 16 are closed. The outdoor cold air is preheated by the soil-air heat exchange system through the buried pipe 3, the preheated air enters the Trombe wall cavity 25 through the air inlet 9 to be reheated, the reheated air is sent into the room through the fan 19, so that the indoor thermal comfort is met, and the air subjected to indoor heat exchange is discharged out of the room through the air outlet 21. When the outdoor solar radiation can not meet the air heating requirement of the cavity 25, the phase-change energy storage outer wall hot water system is started, namely the phase-change energy storage module 24 is heated through the auxiliary heat source, and the preheated air in the cavity is further heated, so that the requirement of indoor air supply temperature in winter is met.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive room based on energy storage, its characterized in that: the passive house mainly comprises a soil-air heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system, a phase-change energy-storage inner wall body and a building body; the soil-air heat exchange system is composed of vertical U-shaped buried pipes, condensed water generated by the pipe walls can be rapidly concentrated to the bottoms of the U-shaped buried pipes due to the action of gravity, wherein a water collecting and draining bypass is arranged at the lower parts of the U-shaped buried pipes, an annular phase change energy storage structure wrapping pipeline is arranged below the U-shaped buried pipes by 5m in depth, and an insulating layer is arranged on an air outlet branch pipe above the U-shaped buried pipes by 5 m; the Trombe wall cavity is coupled with the soil-air heat exchange system, the Trombe wall cavity provides power for the soil-air heat exchange system through a draft effect caused by heating air in summer so as to avoid the use of a fan, and the Trombe wall cavity can reheat outdoor air preheated by the soil-air heat exchange system in winter so as to meet the requirement of indoor air supply; the phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system is positioned in a Trombe wall cavity and mainly comprises a hot water pipe and a phase-change energy-storage outer wall, air in the Trombe wall cavity is heated in summer, redundant heat can be transferred to the phase-change energy-storage outer wall so as to heat the hot water pipe to generate hot water, the phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system can be used as a heat generating end in summer, heat can be provided for the Trombe wall cavity when solar radiation is insufficient in winter, and meanwhile the phase-change energy-storage outer wall releases heat when the solar radiation is insufficient so as to prolong the Trombe wall cavity wind-pulling effect time; the phase-change energy storage inner wall body is installed in a modularized splicing mode, the fluctuation of indoor temperature can be reduced, and the intermittent operation working condition of the soil-air heat exchange system can be realized, so that the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
2. The energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive room as claimed in claim 1, wherein the U-shaped buried pipe is made of stainless steel, has a thickness of 2mm and a pipe diameter of 200-250 mm; the bottom of the U-shaped buried pipe consists of an upper ventilating pipeline and a lower water collecting and draining groove, and the ventilating pipeline and the water collecting and draining groove are separated by a circular baffle and a cover plate welded on the upper part of the water pump, so that the air quality is prevented from being influenced by the contact of flowing air and condensed water in the pipeline; a pressure hole with the diameter of 5mm is formed in the middle of the circular baffle, and the difference between the diameter of the water pump cover plate and the diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 5 mm; the gradient of the ventilation pipeline and the water collection and drainage pipeline is 5 degrees; the right branch pipe of the water collecting and draining pipeline is provided with a draining pump and two water level sensors are arranged to drain the produced condensed water in time.
3. The energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive house according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the annular phase change material structure outside the U-shaped buried pipe is 5cm, and the phase change temperature is 18-20 ℃; the phase-change material is a composite material of paraffin and expanded graphite, wherein the expanded graphite accounts for 20 percent, and the paraffin accounts for 80 percent; the phase change material is arranged around the buried pipe to store energy in soil, and the energy is released to air in the pipe when the system operates, so that the operation efficiency of the system is increased.
4. The energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline heat-insulating layer adopted in the system is made of polyurethane, the thickness of the polyurethane is 5cm, and the outer layer of the polyurethane is wrapped by PVC, so that the heat-insulating property of the energy-storage-based Trombe wall and the soil-air heat exchange system is prevented from being influenced by moisture contained in the soil.
5. The energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive room as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavity of the Trombe wall is formed by surrounding a phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system by a double-layer vacuum glass cover, the thickness of the cavity is 400-500mm, the top of the cavity of the Trombe wall is provided with an air outlet and a corresponding air valve, and the lower part of the cavity of the Trombe wall is connected with the soil-air heat exchange system; the Trombe wall cavity is connected with the indoor environment through an upper air port, a lower air port and a corresponding air valve.
6. The energy-storage-based Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system energy complementation passive room as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hot water pipe of the phase-change energy-storage outer wall hot water system is wrapped by a phase-change energy storage plate, a sunny side of the phase-change energy storage plate is coated with a heat absorption material, fins are arranged inside the phase-change energy storage plate, and the hot water pipe is connected with a heat storage water tank or other heat supply systems.
CN201911099341.8A 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Energy complementary passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and soil-air heat exchange system Pending CN110779131A (en)

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CN116335319B (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-08-15 中国建筑设计研究院有限公司 Constant temperature circulating water building curtain wall of adjustable shading degree of passive form

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