CN110774057A - A special equipment for the processing of thin-walled annular cylindrical parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a special equipment for processing thin-walled annular cylindrical parts, including a bed, a worktable is fixed in the upper and middle part of the bed, and a set of independent processing machines that can move left and right are provided on the left and right sides of the worktable. Unit; an automatic clamping device is fixedly installed above the worktable, and the automatic clamping device includes a C-shaped clamp bracket fixed at the lower end. There are upper and lower bases with arc-shaped surfaces under the plate, and a semi-circular and supporting copper tile is arranged on the semi-circular arc surfaces of the upper and lower bases, and copper tiles are arranged on the concave arc surface of the copper tile. Tile ventilation groove, copper tile is also provided with airtight holes for airtight detection. The equipment is suitable for simultaneous processing of both ends of precision thin-walled cylinders. It only needs one clamping, and the processing efficiency is high. The automatic clamping device solves the problems of clamping deformation and cutting deformation during processing, and at the same time reduces the clamping caused by artificial factors. Deviation, saving manpower.

Description

A special equipment for the processing of thin-walled annular cylindrical parts

(1) Technical field

The invention relates to the field of thin-walled annular cylindrical parts processing equipment, in particular to a special equipment for thin-walled annular cylindrical parts processing.

(2) Background technology

In modern society, with the rapid development of science and technology, many precision thin-walled parts have emerged in the field of my country's machinery manufacturing industry. They have complex structures and high machining accuracy requirements. Due to the poor rigidity of precision thin-walled parts, they have no effect on cutting force. It is easy to produce large deformation of the knife under the action of excessive clamping force, and it is easy to produce large clamping deformation under the action of excessive clamping force. It is difficult to ensure the processing accuracy requirements with the traditional clamping method. At present, the research on the clamping and processing technology of precision thin-walled parts at home and abroad still focuses on theoretical analysis and basic theory research, focusing on adding new components to the clamping technology and equipment in order to achieve better clamping positioning and processing. Effect. In the traditional scheme analysis and fixture design, mainly relying on the designer's experience and breadth of knowledge, the results of analysis and design are less inheritable.

At present, the design process of fixtures and processing equipment for precision thin-walled annular cylinders at home and abroad is also similar to the above design process, so there are the same defects. At present, there are few automatic fixtures and special equipment for processing thin-walled annular cylinders in China. . The existing processing equipment is generally an ordinary lathe. After processing one end, the workpiece is reversed, and then the other end is processed, and simultaneous processing of both ends cannot be achieved; the fixture is a manual locking fixture, and the repeat positioning accuracy is not high; the screw is manually locked, and the clamping force Consistency cannot be guaranteed.

(3) Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a special equipment for processing thin-walled annular cylindrical parts.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A special equipment for the processing of thin-walled annular cylindrical parts, including a bed, a worktable is fixed in the upper and middle part of the bed, and a set of independent and movable left and right sides of the worktable is provided on each of the left and right sides of the worktable. A processing unit; an automatic clamping device is fixedly installed above the worktable, and the automatic clamping device includes a C-shaped clamp bracket whose lower end is fixed on the worktable, and the upper end surface of the clamp bracket is provided with a number of transparent guide holes and a cylinder mounting hole, the pressing cylinder is fixed above the cylinder mounting hole of the fixture bracket, the outlet end of the pressing cylinder is connected with a horizontal connecting plate, one end of the guide rod is fixed on the connecting plate and the other end passes through the fixture bracket A guide hole on the upper part of the connecting plate; a device capable of fixing the annular cylinder is arranged under the connecting plate.

Preferably, the processing unit includes a moving device and a processing device, the processing device includes a motor support whose lower end is fixed on the moving device, a spindle motor mounted on the motor support, and a spindle box connected to the spindle motor through a belt drive and a cutter head mounted on the shaft outlet end of the spindle box.

Preferably, the moving device is a mobile sliding table, which includes a guide rail laid on the bed in the left and right directions, a sliding table located above the guide rail and slidably connected to the guide rail, and a sliding table that is installed in cooperation with the sliding table and rotatably connected to the workbench at one end. The lead screw of the lead screw motor.

Preferably, a positioning cylinder for determining the axial position of the workpiece before processing is installed on one side of the fixture bracket.

Preferably, the device for fixing the annular cylinder under the connecting plate includes an upper base and a lower base, the upper end of the upper base is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the lower bottom surface is provided with a semi-circular arc surface, and the lower end of the lower base is fixed on the clamp bracket , the upper end surface is provided with a semi-circular arc surface matching the semi-circular arc surface of the upper base.

Preferably, an adjusting pad for adjusting the pressing amount is provided between the upper base and the lower base.

Preferably, the semicircular arc surfaces of the upper base and the lower base are each provided with a semicircular copper tile which is matched with each other, and the copper tile is provided with a barrel tile threaded hole for fixing with the upper base or the lower base.

Preferably, the arc-shaped concave surface of the copper tile is provided with a plurality of copper tile ventilation grooves uniformly distributed along the arc-shaped surface, and the two sides of the copper tile ventilation groove form the inner contact surface of the cylinder tile higher than the copper tile ventilation groove.

Preferably, the number of copper tile ventilation grooves on each copper tile is 12.

Preferably, the copper tile is provided with an airtight hole opened on the inner contact surface of the cylinder tile for airtight detection.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The special equipment for processing thin-walled annular cylindrical parts provided by the present invention can satisfy the one-time clamping and positioning of thin-walled annular cylindrical parts with a wall thickness of ≥0.6 mm, and simultaneously perform precise machining of both ends of the workpiece, thereby reducing the disassembly of the workpiece. , Clamping time; using self-developed dual-spindle feeding special equipment, with a special processing cutter head, which can be fed at the same time, which can ensure that the workpiece end face, inner and outer hole chamfering and cutting processes can be completed at the same time after the workpiece is clamped in place at one time. The processing greatly improves the processing efficiency; the special fixture adopts the upper and lower pressing methods, and the driving and guiding parts adopt the cylinder and the linear guide rod to ensure the precise alignment of the upper and lower pressing bases and reduce the labor intensity of the operator for manual clamping. ;The upper and lower pressing bases are respectively inlaid with copper tile bushings, and the surface is designed with uniform air outlet grooves and air-tight holes to ensure the uniformity of the copper tile bushings to hold the workpiece and the installation accuracy of the workpiece, and improve the qualification rate of processing; There is an adjusting gasket between the base and the lower base to adjust the pressing force of the upper and lower bases; the lower base is equipped with a positioning cylinder to precisely locate the axial position of the workpiece; the special fixture adopts pneumatic control, automatic clamping and air tightness detection , Simple operation, stable clamping force and high repeatability.

(4) Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art processing equipment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic clamping device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the copper tile of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-bed, 2-table, 3-guide, 4-screw, 5-slide, 6-screw motor, 7-motor bracket, 8-spindle box, 9-spindle motor, 10- Cutter head, 11-workpiece, 12-pressing cylinder, 13-fixture bracket, 14-guide rod, 15-connecting plate, 16-positioning cylinder, 17-copper tile, 18-lower base, 19-adjusting gasket, 20 - Upper base, A-airtight hole, B-copper tile threaded hole, C-copper tile ventilation groove, D-copper tile inner contact surface.

(5) Specific implementation methods

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4.

1 to 4, the present invention is a special equipment for processing thin-walled annular cylindrical parts, including a bed 1, a workbench 2 is fixed in the upper middle of the bed 1, and the left and right sides of the workbench 2 are Each side is provided with a set of independent processing units that can move left and right. The processing unit includes a mobile device and a processing device. The processing device includes a motor bracket 7 whose lower end is fixed on the mobile device, and a spindle motor 9 installed on the motor bracket 7. The belt drive is connected to the spindle box 8 of the spindle motor 9 and the cutter head 10 installed at the outlet end of the spindle box 8. The spindle motor 9 drives the spindle box 8 to rotate through the belt drive, thereby driving the rotation of the cutter head 10. At the same time, the moving device moves left and right to feed, and completes the process of workpiece end face, inner and outer hole chamfering and cutting.

The moving device is a moving slide table, including a guide rail 3 laid on the bed 1 in the left and right directions, a slide table 5 located above the guide rail 3 and slidably connected to the guide rail 3, and installed in cooperation with the slide table 5 and one end of which is rotatably connected to the workbench 2. One end is connected with the lead screw 4 of the lead screw motor 6. The mobile sliding table is matched with the processing device. One set is on the left and right sides of the workbench 2. The left and right processing devices are driven by the mobile sliding table below. At the same time, the workpiece end face, inner and outer hole chamfering and cutting processes are performed on the left and right ends of the workpiece, and there is no need to change the head and re-clamping. The moving slide is driven by the screw motor 6 under the control of the control system to accurately locate the moving position and ensure the processing feed.

An automatic clamping device (as shown in Figure 3) is fixedly installed above the workbench 2. The automatic clamping device includes a C-shaped clamp bracket 13 whose lower end is fixed on the workbench 2. The upper end surface of the clamp bracket 13 is provided with several transparent clamps. A guide hole and a cylinder installation hole. In this embodiment, the number of guide holes is two, which is symmetrical about the cylinder installation hole. The pressing cylinder 12 is fixed above the cylinder installation hole of the clamp bracket 13 and coaxial with the cylinder installation hole Setting, the extension shaft of the pressing cylinder 12 passes through the cylinder mounting hole, and the end of the shaft is fixedly connected with a horizontal connecting plate 15, the lower end of the guide rod 14 is fixed on the connecting plate 15, and the other end passes through the guide hole on the fixture bracket 13, The guide rod 14 is parallel to the extension shaft space of the pressing cylinder 12, and plays the role of up and down guiding, ensuring that the upper and lower pressing bases used for clamping the workpiece are precisely aligned.

Below the connecting plate 15 is a device capable of fixing the annular cylinder, including an upper base 20 and a lower base 18 , the upper end of the upper base 20 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 15 , the lower bottom surface is provided with a semi-circular arc surface, and the lower end of the lower base 18 It is fixed on the fixture bracket 13, the upper end surface is provided with a semi-circular arc-shaped surface that matches the semi-circular arc-shaped surface of the upper base 20, the upper base 20 and the lower base 18 are matched with each other, and are used to clamp the annular cylindrical piece, below the connecting plate 15 There is one set on the left and right ends to ensure the stability of clamping.

Between the upper base 20 and the lower base 18 is an adjusting pad 19 for adjusting the pressing amount.

The semicircular arc surfaces of the upper base 20 and the lower base 18 are each provided with a semicircular and supporting copper tile 17 . The copper tile 17 is provided with a barrel tile threaded hole for fixing with the upper base 20 or the lower base 18 B. There are a total of 6 screws on each barrel tile 17 , two on the left, right and center, to ensure the exact position of the barrel tile 17 to be fixed. The tube tile 17 is easy to replace, the upper base 20 and the lower base 18 can be adapted to the installation of the tube tile 17 with different inner diameters within ±5mm, so as to adapt to the clamping, fixing and processing of more types of annular tube parts, and have higher practicability.

The curved concave surface of the copper tile 17 is provided with 12 copper tile vents C evenly distributed along the curved surface. The copper tile vent grooves C are formed on both sides of the cylinder tile inner contact surface D higher than the copper tile vent grooves C. The copper tile vent grooves Air is allowed to enter in C, which can balance the internal and external pressure of the thin-walled cylinder; the actual contact between the inner contact surface D of the cylinder tile and the workpiece can ensure the balance and stability of the holding force.

The copper tile 17 is provided with an airtight hole A opened on the inner contact surface D of the drum tile for airtight detection, and the airtight holes A are provided with two symmetrical ones. By detecting the airtightness, it is judged whether the inner contact surface D of the drum tile is not. It is completely close to the workpiece to ensure the coaxiality when clamping.

A positioning cylinder 16 for determining the axial position of the workpiece before processing is installed on one side of the fixture bracket 13. It extends before processing, and one end of the workpiece is closely attached, and then the workpiece is fixed, and the cylinder is retracted to ensure the axial position of the cylinder, and then Guarantee the positional accuracy of machining.

FIG. 1 is a reference diagram of a prior art processing equipment.

The working process is as follows: the initial state is that the pressing cylinder 12 is raised and the positioning cylinder 16 is retracted; when starting to work, the positioning cylinder 16 is extended, and the operator places the workpiece 11 on the lower base 17 to ensure the left and extended positioning. The cylinder 16 is in contact; the cylinder is pressed down and the workpiece is fixed, and the air tightness is checked; the air tightness is normal, the positioning cylinder 16 is retracted, and the left and right processing is started; after the processing is completed, the pressing cylinder 12 is raised, the workpiece is taken out, and the down machining of a workpiece.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings (for example, in the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship in FIG. 2 is described), which is only for describing the present invention and does not require the present invention to be in a specific orientation. construction or operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the present invention, "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a connection or a detachable connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. In other words, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood in specific situations.

The above descriptions are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description of the specific embodiments is only used to better understand the idea of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several improvements or equivalent replacements can also be made according to the principles of the present invention, and these improvements or equivalent replacements are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a special equipment for processing of thin wall annular barrel spare, includes lathe bed (1), its characterized in that: a workbench (2) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper part of the lathe bed (1), and a set of independent processing unit capable of moving left and right is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the workbench (2); an automatic clamping device is fixedly mounted above the workbench (2), the automatic clamping device comprises a C-shaped clamp support (13) with the lower end fixed on the workbench (2), a plurality of through guide holes and a cylinder mounting hole are formed in the upper end face of the clamp support (13), a pressing cylinder (12) is fixedly arranged above the cylinder mounting hole of the clamp support (13), a horizontal connecting plate (15) is connected to the shaft outlet end of the pressing cylinder (12), and one end of a guide rod (14) is fixed on the connecting plate (15) while the other end of the guide rod penetrates through the guide hole in the clamp support (13); a device capable of fixing the annular cylinder part is arranged below the connecting plate (15).

2. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the processing unit comprises a moving device and a processing device, wherein the processing device comprises a motor support (7) with the lower end fixed on the moving device, a spindle motor (9) installed on the motor support (7), a spindle box (8) connected with the spindle motor (9) through belt transmission, and a cutter head (10) installed at the shaft outlet end of the spindle box (8).

3. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the moving device is a moving sliding table and comprises a guide rail (3) which is laid on the lathe bed (1) in the left-right direction, a sliding table (5) which is positioned above the guide rail (3) and is connected with the guide rail (3) in a sliding manner, and a lead screw (4) which is arranged in a matching manner with the sliding table (5) and is connected with a lead screw motor (6) at one end of the workbench (2) in a rotating manner at one end of the workbench (2).

4. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a positioning cylinder (16) used for determining the axial position of a workpiece before machining is mounted on one side surface of the clamp support (13).

5. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the device for fixing the annular cylinder part below the connecting plate (15) comprises an upper base (20) and a lower base (18), the upper end of the upper base (20) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (15), a semicircular arc surface is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the upper base, the lower end of the lower base (18) is fixed to a clamp support (13), a semicircular arc surface matched with the semicircular arc surface of the upper base (20) is arranged on the upper end surface of the lower base, the upper base (20) and the lower base (18) are arranged in a matched mode, and the left end and the right end of the lower side of the connecting plate (15) are respectively provided with one set.

6. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: an adjusting cushion plate (19) for adjusting the pressing amount is arranged between the upper base (20) and the lower base (18).

7. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part according to the claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: semicircular copper tiles (17) which are matched for use are respectively arranged on the semicircular surfaces of the upper base (20) and the lower base (18), and cylindrical tile threaded holes (B) used for being fixed with the upper base (20) or the lower base (18) are formed in the copper tiles (17).

8. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the copper tile is characterized in that a plurality of copper tile vent grooves (C) uniformly distributed along the arc-shaped surface are formed in the arc-shaped concave surface of the copper tile (17), and contact surfaces (D) in the cylindrical tile, which are higher than the copper tile vent grooves (C), are formed on two sides of each copper tile vent groove (C).

9. The special equipment for processing the thin-wall annular cylinder part, according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the number of the copper tile vent grooves (C) on each copper tile (17) is 12.

10. The special equipment for the machining of thin-walled annular cylinders according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: and the copper tile (17) is provided with an airtight hole (A) which is formed on a contact surface (D) in the cylindrical tile and is used for airtight detection.

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