CN110772896B - An air filter absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air filtering absorber, which comprises a filter shell, a free radical generator, a fine filtering unit and a toxin filtering unit, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in two ends of the filter shell, an air inlet diffuser is fixedly arranged between the outlet of the air inlet and one end of the filter shell, an air outlet diffuser is arranged between the other end of the filter shell and the inlet of the air outlet, the free radical generator extending into the air inlet diffuser is arranged on the outer wall of the air inlet diffuser, the fine filtering unit is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the filter shell and close to the outlet of the air inlet diffuser, and the toxin filtering unit is arranged in the filter shell between the fine filtering unit and the inlet of the air outlet diffuser; inlet and outlet adapters are respectively arranged on the end part of the air inlet and the end part of the air outlet. The invention increases the travel and time of air filtration, so that the air is thoroughly purified, and dust in the air can be effectively filtered and purified, bacteria and viruses can be killed, and the like.

Description

Air filter absorber

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil air defense filtering equipment, and in particular relates to an air filtering absorber.

Background Art

Civil air defense facilities are public safety buildings built to cope with special environments such as wartime and disasters. They have complex systems and strict structures. When designing and building, they need to fully consider the special environments of wartime and disasters, and require special ventilation systems. Air filtration and absorption equipment is an indispensable component of civil air defense special filter absorbers, and it is also an important equipment in the drug-related ventilation system of civil air defense projects. It can effectively filter out toxic smoke, radioactive dust and other harmful substances in the contaminated air, and provide filtered clean air for personnel inside civil air defense projects. For this reason, in times of war, the air is filled with gunpowder smoke. In order to ensure the safety of personnel, air filtration and absorption equipment is particularly important to protect personnel and equipment from pollution and remove harmful substances in the air. However, during the use of existing filtering and absorbing equipment, due to the high humidity, dust and bacteria in the basement air, these pollutants usually accumulate on the filtering and absorbing equipment during its operation. Therefore, the filtering and absorbing equipment must be cleaned regularly. If it is not cleaned, the filtering effect will be unsatisfactory. Such frequent disassembly and installation will also cause certain damage to the dust filter itself, affecting the degree of air purification. The existing filtering and absorbing equipment has a complex structure, is difficult to install and replace, and the air purification and absorption efficiency is not high enough. It cannot meet the requirements of various environments and is urgently needed to be improved.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air filter absorber, which increases the air filtration stroke and time, makes the air purification more thorough, can effectively filter and purify dust in the air, kill bacteria and viruses, etc., and improves the purification efficiency and quality. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

According to one aspect of the present invention, an air filter absorber is provided, comprising a filter housing, a free radical generator, a fine filter unit and a poison filter unit, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged at both ends of the filter housing, an air inlet diffuser is fixedly arranged between the outlet of the air inlet and one end of the filter housing, an air outlet diffuser is arranged between the other end of the filter housing and the inlet of the air outlet, a free radical generator extending into the air inlet diffuser is arranged on the outer wall of the air inlet diffuser, a fine filter unit is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the filter housing and close to the outlet of the air inlet diffuser, and the poison filter unit is arranged in the filter housing between the fine filter unit and the inlet of the air outlet diffuser; inlet and outlet adapters are respectively arranged on the ends of the air inlet and the air outlet, a rubber bellows is connected to the inlet adapter, and the inlet and outlet adapters and the rubber bellows are fixedly connected by three-section special-shaped throat clamps.

The above solution is further preferred in that a ventilation duct 7 is connected to the end of the rubber bellows, and the ventilation duct and the rubber bellows are connected via a circular flange.

The above solution is further preferred in that a resistance measuring tube is provided on the ventilation duct and close to the circular flange.

The above scheme is further preferred that a coarse filter is provided on the inlet side and/or outlet side of the fine filter unit, and the coarse filter is fixed on the front of the inlet side of the fine filter unit and/or on the inside of the filter housing in front of the inlet side of the fine filter unit.

In the above scheme, it is further preferred that the surface of the coarse filter is wavy or arc-shaped.

The above scheme is further preferred in that an alarm device is respectively provided in the air inlet diffuser and the air outlet diffuser.

The above scheme is further preferred that a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate and a coarse-filtration catalyst membrane plate are detachably arranged in sequence inside the air inlet diffuser from the inlet to the outlet, and the wind-proof and explosion-proof plate includes a left frame, a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate body and a right frame arranged in sequence from left to right, and the two side edges of the wind-proof and explosion-proof plate body are respectively embedded and fixed in the edges of the left frame and the edges of the right frame.

The above scheme is further preferred that ventilation holes and wind-proof ducts are distributed on the surface of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate, and wind-proof holes are arranged on the side wall of the wind-proof duct. The wind-proof duct extends vertically outward along the left side surface of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate, and the wind-proof duct is conical, cylindrical or polygonal, and the ventilation holes and wind-proof holes are circular holes, square holes or elliptical holes.

The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the thickness of the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate is 5 mm to 20 mm, and the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate is a photocatalyst membrane plate.

The above scheme is further preferred, that the poison filter unit includes a poison filter screen that is inserted and fixed in the filter housing and is arranged obliquely or vertically along the air inlet transmission direction, and a plurality of front supporting groove-type support plates and rear supporting groove-type support plates that are horizontally arranged at the inner edge of the air inlet and the inner wall edge of the air outlet of the filter housing, so that a ventilation channel is formed between adjacent front supporting groove-type support plates or adjacent rear supporting groove-type support plates, and the two ends of the poison filter screen are respectively fixed in the cavity between the air inlet and the air outlet of the filter housing through the front supporting groove-type support plates and the rear supporting groove-type support plates; a supporting portion is arranged on the outer edge of the poison filter screen, and the two sides of the poison filter screen are inserted into the side walls of the filter housing through the supporting portion.

The above scheme is further preferred that the poison filter screens are arranged in the filter housing in reverse inclination in sequence, U-shaped connecting pieces are respectively arranged in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate and the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate, and the ends of adjacent poison filter screens are transitionally connected and fixed in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate or the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate through U-shaped connecting pieces.

The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the poison filter comprises a supporting frame, a wire mesh layer and an activated carbon layer integrally formed and fixed in the supporting frame, and the supporting frame is a rectangular hollow frame mesh woven by a metal mesh; an adsorption filter layer is arranged on one side of the supporting frame away from the wire mesh layer, and the wire mesh layer and the activated carbon layer are arranged backward in sequence along the air inlet transmission direction.

In summary, since the present invention adopts the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

(1) The air filter absorber has multiple filtering links, which increases the air filtering stroke and time, makes the air purification more thorough, improves the purification efficiency and quality, reduces the maintenance cost, can effectively resist the damage of shock waves, runs smoothly and reliably, and each filter unit is easy and reliable to replace. The purification efficiency is high, which effectively increases the service life of the device and meets the use requirements of chemical defense projects;

(2) The air filter absorber of the present invention, under the premise of satisfying the requirements of filtration efficiency, protection performance and protection type, is provided with an air inlet diffuser, an air outlet diffuser, a fine filter unit and a poison filter unit 4 in a limited space, so that the ventilation system can obtain maximum absorption and filtration, increase the protection time and line of the filter absorber, and can effectively filter out harmful substances such as poisonous smoke and radioactive dust in the contaminated air, thereby satisfying the sufficient supply of clean air for civil air defense projects;

(3) The filter net of the present invention has the functions of filtering and purifying air dust, killing bacteria and viruses, etc., and has a high purification efficiency, which improves the overall filtration and purification quality of the filtering and absorbing device and meets the use requirements of civil air defense projects; it is widely used in civil air defense projects, underground passages, hospitals, scientific research and instrumentation and other industries. The product is small in size, light in weight, easy to install and use, and can be quickly disassembled and replaced. When using the filter net of the present invention, the toxic gas entering the poison filter net through the flow equalizing plate at the air inlet is filtered out after multiple layers of high-efficiency filtration. The poison filter net has a long filtration route, a large adsorption area, and a high purification and capture efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air filter absorber of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air filter absorber of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate of the present invention;

FIG4 is a side view of a first embodiment of a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate of the present invention;

5 is a side view of a second embodiment of a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the poison filter screen of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a poison filter screen of the present invention;

In the accompanying drawings, there are a filter housing 1, a free radical generator 2, a fine filtration unit 3, a poison filter unit 4, an air inlet diffuser 5, an air outlet diffuser 6, a ventilation duct 7, a resistance measuring tube 8, an alarm device 9, an air inlet 10, an air outlet 11, a handle 12, a coarse filter screen 30, a poison filter screen 41, a support portion 41a, a U-shaped connector 41b, a front supporting groove-type support plate 42, a rear supporting groove-type support plate 43, a ventilation channel 44, a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate 50, a coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate 51, an inlet and outlet adapter 100, a three-section special-shaped throat hoop 101, a rubber bellows 102, a circular flange 103, a support frame 410, a wire mesh layer 411, an activated carbon layer 412, an adsorption and filtration layer 413, a support groove 414, a left frame 500, a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate body 501, a right frame 502, a ventilation hole 503, a wind-proof pipe 504, and a wind-proof hole 505.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an air filter absorber according to the present invention includes a filter housing 1, a free radical generator 2, a fine filter unit 3 and a poison filter unit 4. The filter housing 1 is a rectangular housing, and an air inlet 10 and an air outlet 11 are arranged at both ends of the filter housing 1. An air inlet diffuser 5 is fixedly arranged between the outlet of the air inlet 10 and one end of the filter housing 1, and an air outlet diffuser 6 is arranged between the other end of the filter housing 1 and the inlet of the air outlet 11. A free radical generator 2 is extended therein, a fine filter unit 3 is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the filter housing 1 and near the outlet of the air inlet diffuser 5, and the poison filter unit 4 is arranged in the filter housing 1 between the fine filter unit 3 and the inlet of the air outlet diffuser 6; a blind cover (not shown) is arranged on the end of the air inlet 10 and the end of the air outlet 11, and handles 12 or hanging rings are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the filter housing 1. When installation and connection are required, the entire filter is lifted to the required installation position by the handle 12. After fixing the installed position, screw out the blind cover, and then respectively set the inlet and outlet adapters 100 on the ends of the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11, and then use hexagonal bolts to fix the inlet and outlet adapters 100 with the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11, and then connect them with the hexagonal bolts, connect the inlet adapter 100 with a rubber bellows 102, and then put the rubber bellows 102 on the inlet adapter 100, and then pass the three-section special-shaped throat clamp 1 between the inlet and outlet adapter 100 and the rubber bellows 102. 01 for fixed connection; a ventilation duct 7 is connected to the end of the rubber bellows 102, and the ventilation duct 7 and the rubber bellows 102 are connected via a circular flange 103. First, the edge of the circular flange 103 is connected to the edge of the end of the ventilation duct 7 using hexagonal bolts, and then the rubber bellows 102 and the circular flange 103 are sleeved, and the hexagonal bolts are tightened in symmetrical positions to make the circular flange 103 evenly stressed, ensuring that the rubber bellows 102 and the circular flange 103 can maintain good sealing after being tightened.

In the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a resistance measuring tube 8 is provided on the ventilation duct 7 and close to the circular flange 103 (a pressure measuring sensor or a wind speed sensor is provided in the resistance measuring tube 8, and the pressure measuring sensor or the wind speed sensor extends from the resistance measuring tube 8 into the ventilation duct 7 to measure wind force or wind speed), one end of the resistance measuring tube 8 extends into the ventilation duct 7, and the other end of the resistance measuring tube 8 extends out of the ventilation duct 7, a part of the resistance measuring tube 8 extends into the ventilation duct 7, and the other part of the resistance measuring tube 8 is exposed outside the ventilation duct 7, so that the air volume in the ventilation duct 7 can be detected. An alarm device 9 is provided in the air inlet diffuser 5 and the air outlet diffuser 6, respectively. The alarm device 9 is provided with a smoke sensor and a PM2.5 sensor for detecting toxic substances and smoke types and particle sizes in the air. The alarm device 9 can monitor the air purification quality before and after filtration in real time, and reflect whether the internal fine filter unit 3 and the poison filter unit 4 need to be replaced based on the air data before and after filtration, so as to ensure the filtration and purification quality of the entire air filter absorber; in the present invention, a coarse filter 30 is provided on the inlet side and/or outlet side of the fine filter unit 3, and the air flow after being filtered by the coarse filter 30 is sent to the fine filter unit 3 for filtration. The coarse filter 30 is fixed on the front side of the inlet of the fine filter unit 3 and/or on the inside of the filter housing 1 in front of the inlet of the fine filter unit 3. The surface of the coarse filter 30 is wavy or arc-shaped, thereby increasing the contact surface between the coarse filter 30 and the air. The pore sizes distributed on the coarse filter 30 are between 10mm and 15mm. The coarse filter 30 can not only effectively resist the damage caused by the impact force of substances carried in the wind, but also block larger substances carried in the air flow, thereby increasing the service life of the fine filter unit 3 and the poison filter unit 4, making them run smoothly and reliably, and improving the overall cost performance of the filter.

In the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, a wind-proof explosion-proof plate 50 and a coarse-filtration catalyst membrane plate 51 are detachably arranged in sequence from the inlet to the outlet in the air inlet diffuser 5, and the wind-proof explosion-proof plate 50 includes a left frame 500, a wind-proof explosion-proof plate body 501 and a right frame 502 arranged in sequence from left to right, and the two side edges of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body 501 are respectively embedded and fixed in the edge of the left frame 500 and the edge of the right frame 502, so that the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body 501 can effectively resist the damage caused by wind impact, and the left frame 500 and the right frame 502 improve the overall wind-proof explosion-proof performance. The wind explosion-proof plate 50 has a strong impact strength and is conveniently fixed in the air inlet diffuser 5; ventilation holes 503 and wind-extinguishing pipes 504 are distributed on the surface of the wind-extinguishing explosion-proof plate body 501, and wind-extinguishing holes 505 are arranged on the side wall of the wind-extinguishing pipe 504. The wind-extinguishing pipe 504 extends vertically outward along the left side surface of the wind explosion-proof plate body 501. The wind-extinguishing pipe 504 is conical, cylindrical or polygonal. When the wind-extinguishing pipe 504 is conical, the inlet end of the wind-extinguishing pipe 504 is larger than the outlet end, or the inlet end of the wind-extinguishing pipe 504 is smaller than the outlet end. The ventilation holes 503 and the wind-extinguishing holes 505 are circular holes, square holes, etc. Holes or elliptical holes, when the air flow blows on the surface of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body 501, part of the air flow flows out directly through the ventilation holes 503, and part of the air flow passes through the wind-proof pipe 504, and then disperses and flows out from the wind-proof hole 505 and flows out from the ventilation holes 503 around it to the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate 51. By distributing the ventilation holes 503 and the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body 501 on the surface, the air flow is diverted and the impact force of the air flow is reduced. The thickness of the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate 51 is 5mm to 20mm, and the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate is a photocatalyst Membrane plate; the photocatalyst membrane plate is a honeycomb nano titanium dioxide plate, which not only increases the contact area between the air flow and the photocatalyst membrane plate and enhances the air purification effect, but also, under the light irradiation of the free radical generator 2 (such as an ultraviolet hydroxyl free radical generator), the coarse filtering catalyst membrane plate 51 excites high-energy electrons to generate various free radicals, so that harmful substances in the air flow react with the free radicals, which can not only quickly kill pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, molds and dust mites in the air, decompose volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene and carbon monoxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic gases ( _SO2 , _O3 , _NH3 ) in the air, but also provide purification, antibacterial, smoke removal, deodorization, deodorization and detoxification capabilities, as well as greater safety and reliability of the filter absorber. Thereafter, the decomposed and filtered air flow is further purified through the fine filtration unit 3 and the poison filter unit 4.

In the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, the poison filter unit 4 includes a poison filter screen 41 which is inserted and fixed in the filter housing 1 and arranged obliquely or vertically along the air inlet transmission direction, and a multi-layer front support groove-type support plate 42 and a rear support groove-type support plate 43 which are horizontally arranged at the inner edge of the air inlet and the inner wall edge of the air outlet, so that a ventilation channel 44 is formed between adjacent front support groove-type support plates 42 or adjacent rear support groove-type support plates 43, and the two ends of the poison filter screen 41 are fixed to the filter housing 1 by the front support groove-type support plate 42 and the rear support groove-type support plate 43 respectively. In the cavity between the air inlet and the air outlet, a support portion 41a is provided on the outer edge of the poison filter screen 41, and the two sides of the poison filter screen 41 are inserted into the side walls of the filter housing 1 through the support portions 41a, and the front and rear ends of the poison filter screen 41 are fixed to the front supporting groove-type support plate 42 and the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43 through the support portions 41a, so that the poison filter screen 41 is conveniently inserted into the groove-type support plate provided in the filter housing 1 without damaging the edge of the poison filter screen 41, and installation and disassembly are also convenient.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , an alarm device 9 is provided in the air inlet diffuser 5 and the air outlet diffuser 6, respectively. A smoke sensor and a PM2.5 sensor are provided in the alarm device 9 for detecting toxic substances and smoke types and particle sizes in the air. The alarm device 9 can monitor the air purification quality before and after filtration in real time, and reflect whether the internal fine filter unit 3 and the poison filter unit 4 need to be replaced based on the air data before and after filtration, thereby ensuring the filtration and purification quality of the entire air filter absorber; in the present invention, a coarse filter 3 is provided on the inlet side and/or outlet side of the fine filter unit 3. 0, the coarse filter 30 is fixed on the front side of the inlet of the fine filter unit 3 and/or on the inside of the filter housing 1 in front of the inlet of the fine filter unit 3. The surface of the coarse filter 30 is wavy or arc-shaped, thereby increasing the contact surface between the coarse filter 30 and the air. The pore sizes distributed on the coarse filter 30 are between 8mm and 25mm. The coarse filter 30 can not only effectively resist the damage caused by the impact force of substances carried in the wind, but also block larger substances carried in the air flow, thereby increasing the service life of the fine filter unit 3 and the poison filter unit 4, making them run smoothly and reliably, and improving the overall cost performance of the filter.

In the present invention, in combination with Figures 1 and 6, the poison filter screens 41 are arranged in the filter housing 1 in reverse inclination in sequence, and U-shaped connectors 41b are respectively arranged in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate 42 and the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43, and the ends of adjacent poison filter screens 41 are excessively connected and fixed in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate 42 or the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43 through the U-shaped connector 41b, and multiple poison filter screens 41 are formed by mutually connecting in series through the U-shaped connector 41b; and the ends of the poison filter screens 41 are arranged between the two outer edges of the U-shaped connector 41b and the inner edges of the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate 42 or the inner edges of the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43, and the adjacent poison filter screens 41 near one end are connected by the U-shaped connector 41b. For example, one end of the poison filter screen 41 is arranged on the rear supporting groove. The poison filter screen 41 is arranged on the groove-type support plate 43 (the end of the poison filter screen 41 is arranged between the outer wall of the U-shaped connecting piece 41b and the inner wall of the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43), and the other end of the poison filter screen 41 is arranged downwardly tilted on the front supporting groove-type support plate 42 on the opposite side (the end of the poison filter screen 41 is arranged between the outer wall of the U-shaped connecting piece 41b and the inner wall of the front supporting groove-type support plate 42), so that the poison filter screen 41 is spirally (winding) connected in series through the U-shaped connecting piece 41b to form multiple layers of continuous S-shape, inclined M-shape or W-shape, and an air flow channel is formed between each layer of the poison filter screen 41. When the air flow flows into the poison filter screen 41 in the filter housing 1 in the direction indicated by the arrow for filtering and adsorption, the air flow will be diverged when encountering the U-shaped connecting piece 41b and return to the poison filter screen 41 for re-filtration, which not only increases the poison filtration per unit area The adsorption area of the filter 41 is extended, and the air adsorption line is extended, and the purification efficiency is high; the poison filter 41 includes a support frame 410, a wire mesh layer 411 and an activated carbon layer 412 which are integrally formed and fixed in the support frame 410. As shown in Figure 7, the support frame 410 is a rectangular hollow frame mesh woven by a metal mesh. In the present invention, an adsorption filter layer 413 is arranged in the support frame 410 and on one side away from the wire mesh layer 411. The wire mesh layer 411 and the activated carbon layer 412 are arranged backward in sequence along the air intake transmission direction. The support frame 410 is made of aluminum alloy, and the activated carbon layer is a honeycomb coconut shell activated carbon or bamboo charcoal activated carbon. It can not only intercept particles in dusty air, but also effectively adsorb vapor-like toxicity in the air flow and purify bacteria, viruses, molds, toxic gases and other by-products, thereby improving Improve the humidity of the air to improve the air quality; in the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, support grooves 414 are provided on the inner side walls of the support frame 410, so that the wire mesh layer 411, the activated carbon layer 412 and the attached filter layer 413 are conveniently placed in the rectangular hollow frame mesh, thereby supporting, isolating and stabilizing the two ends of the wire mesh layer 411, the activated carbon layer 412 and the attached filter layer 413; the wire mesh layer 411, the activated carbon layer 412 and the attached filter layer 413 are respectively arranged between the support grooves 414 on the inner side walls of the support frame 410. Since the wire mesh layer 411 is a rectangular hollow frame mesh woven by a metal mesh, the activated carbon layer 412 and the adsorption filter layer 413 are filled in the rectangular hollow frame mesh, which improves the ability of the filter absorber to adsorb harmful substances in the air, and its structure is scientifically optimized and has strong practicality. In the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, the wire mesh layer 411 is a double-helix mesh. The wire mesh layer 411 is a polytetrafluoroethylene nanopore filter membrane or a polypropylene microporous filter membrane and is in a double-helix mesh. It plays a supporting and stabilizing role between the activated carbon layer 412 and the support frame 410, and also expands the air flow and pollution filtration area, and enhances the effect of adsorbing pollutants. Its pore size is 2μm~6μm, which can further adsorb pollutants such as fog, smoke and dust in the air; the adsorption filter layer 413 is used to further adsorb various residual bacteria in the air flow. The adsorption filter layer 413 is wavy mesh, and the adsorption filter layer 413 is woven from nanofiber filaments. The nanofiber filaments are woven from nanoglass fiber filaments and nanosilver fiber filaments, which further inhibit and kill pathogens, bacteria or viruses in the air flow.

In conjunction with Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the method for air filtering and absorption using the filter absorber of the present invention includes the following steps: including the formation of an air toxicity filtering path, coarse filtration of air, air disinfection and decomposition, fine filtration of air and toxicity adsorption and filtration, specifically as follows: first, the fine filtration unit 3 and the toxicity filtering unit 4 are respectively assembled in the filter housing 1, the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11 at both ends of the filter housing 1 are connected to the air diffuser 5 and the air outlet 6 respectively, a free radical generator 2 extending into the air inlet diffuser 5 is installed on the outer wall of the air inlet diffuser 5, and the ventilation duct 7 is connected to the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11 through a rubber bellows 102, so as to form a ventilation toxicity filtering path, so that the air flow entering the air inlet diffuser 5 is evenly distributed, and the resistance of the fine filtration unit 3 to the air flow is reduced; secondly, the air flow entering the ventilation duct 7 is diverted under the action of the wind-proof and explosion-proof plate 501, and the flow rate of the air flow is not less than 1000 ³ /h, the resistance of the air flow is not more than 900Pa; it not only reduces the flow speed of the air flow, but also reduces the effect of air impact. The air flow discharged after the wind elimination and diversion treatment is easier to diffuse evenly. The air flow dispersed from the wind elimination hole 505 is subjected to coarse filtration, disinfection and decomposition treatment in the air inlet diffuser 5 under the illumination of the free radical generator 2, which can effectively resist the damage caused by the impact force of the substances carried in the wind, weaken the wave residual pressure effect of the air flow entering the fine filtration unit 3, play a role in protecting the fine filtration unit 3, and can also block the larger substances carried in the air flow, thereby improving the reliability of fine filtration and poison filtration treatment. The coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate 51 excites high-energy electrons to generate various free radicals under the illumination of the free radical generator 2. Under the action of light, oxidizing groups such as hydroxyl free radicals, oxygen free radicals and ozone ions are generated _. At this time, harmful substances in the air flow react with the free radicals to decompose and generate harmless _CO2 and _{H2O .} O and undecomposed toxic substances are then filtered and adsorbed by the fine filter unit 3. The filter pore size of the fine filter unit 3 is 1 μm to 20 μm, which can block large particles with a particle size greater than 5 μm in the air. The fine filter unit 3 is composed of a metal mesh or a glass fiber mesh and activated carbon impregnated with metal oxides. The metal mesh or the glass fiber mesh is a square grid. The activated carbon impregnated with metal oxides is filled in the square grid. The activated carbon particle size is 1 mm to 3 mm. The metal oxide is a mixture of one or more of nano-metal silver, cerium oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel oxide, so as to effectively filter and adsorb gaseous toxic smoke, poisons, microorganisms and smoke dust, etc., thereby improving the purification capacity and toxic filtration efficiency; Finally, the air flow treated by the fine filtration unit 3 passes through the multi-layer poison filter 41 in the poison filter unit 4. When the air flow passes through the ventilation channel 44 formed by the adjacent poison filter 41, it gradually shrinks, and part of the air flow is filtered and adsorbed by the support frame 410, the wire mesh layer 411, the activated carbon layer 412 and the adsorption filter layer 413 of the poison filter 41 in turn, and is directly discharged from the air outlet diffuser 6. Another part of the air flow is blocked by the support frame 410 and the rear supporting groove-type support plate 43, and then reflected or diverted to the adjacent poison filter 41 for re-filtration and adsorption, and is discharged from the air outlet diffuser 6 after re-filtration and adsorption; thereby, the air flow and pollution filtration area are expanded by adsorbing the toxic substances in vapor form, and the protection time and line of the air filtration are increased.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An air filter absorber, characterized in that it comprises a filter housing (1), a free radical generator (2), a fine filter unit (3) and a poison filter unit (4), wherein an air inlet (10) and an air outlet (11) are arranged at both ends of the filter housing (1), an air inlet diffuser (5) is fixedly arranged between the outlet of the air inlet (10) and one end of the filter housing (1), an air outlet diffuser (6) is arranged between the other end of the filter housing (1) and the inlet of the air outlet (11), a free radical generator (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the air inlet diffuser (5) and extends into the air inlet diffuser (6), and a free radical generator (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the air inlet diffuser (5) and extends into the air inlet diffuser (6). The fine filter unit (3) is fixed on the inner wall of one end of the filter housing (1) and close to the outlet of the air inlet diffuser (5), and the poison filter unit (4) is arranged in the filter housing (1) between the fine filter unit (3) and the inlet of the air outlet diffuser (6); an inlet and outlet adapter (100) is respectively arranged on the end of the air inlet (10) and the end of the air outlet (11), and a rubber bellows (102) is connected to the inlet adapter (100), and the inlet and outlet adapter (100) and the rubber bellows (102) are fixedly connected by a three-section special-shaped throat clamp (101); A wind-proof explosion-proof plate (50) and a coarse-filtering catalyst membrane plate (51) are detachably arranged in sequence from the inlet to the outlet in the air inlet diffuser (5); the free radical generator (2) is an ultraviolet hydroxyl free radical generator; the filter aperture of the fine filter unit (3) is 1 μm to 20 μm; the fine filter unit 3 is composed of a metal mesh or a glass fiber mesh and activated carbon impregnated with metal oxides; the poison filter unit (4) comprises a poison filter mesh (41) which is inserted and fixed in the filter housing (1) and is arranged obliquely or vertically along the air inlet transmission direction, and a horizontally arranged inner edge of the air inlet of the filter housing (1) and the air outlet. The invention relates to a filter housing (1) having a plurality of front supporting groove-type support plates (42) and a rear supporting groove-type support plates (43) on the inner wall edge of the opening, so that a ventilation channel (44) is formed between adjacent front supporting groove-type support plates (42) or adjacent rear supporting groove-type support plates (43); the two ends of the poison filter screen (41) are respectively fixed in the cavity between the air inlet and the air outlet of the filter housing (1) through the front supporting groove-type support plates (42) and the rear supporting groove-type support plates (43); a supporting portion (41a) is provided on the outer edge of the poison filter screen (41), and the two sides of the poison filter screen (41) are plugged into the side wall of the filter housing (1) through the supporting portion (41a). 2. An air filter absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that a coarse filter screen (30) is arranged on the inlet side and/or the outlet side of the fine filter unit (3), and the coarse filter screen (30) is fixed on the inside of the filter housing (1) in front of the inlet side of the fine filter unit (3) and/or in front of the inlet side of the fine filter unit (3). 3. An air filter absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the coarse filter (30) is wavy or arc-shaped. 4. An air filter absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: a ventilation duct (7) is connected to the end of the rubber bellows (102), and the ventilation duct (7) and the rubber bellows (102) are connected via a circular flange (103). 5. An air filter absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: an alarm device (9) is respectively provided in the air inlet diffuser (5) and the air outlet diffuser (6); and a resistance measuring tube (8) is provided on the ventilation duct (7) and on one side close to the circular flange (103). 6. An air filter absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wind-proof and explosion-proof plate (50) includes a left frame (500), a wind-proof and explosion-proof plate body (501) and a right frame (502) arranged from left to right, and the two side edges of the wind-proof and explosion-proof plate body (501) are respectively embedded and fixed in the edges of the left frame (500) and the right frame (502), and the thickness of the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate is 5mm~20mm, and the coarse filtration catalyst membrane plate is a photocatalyst membrane plate. 7. An air filter absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: ventilation holes (503) and wind elimination pipes (504) are distributed on the surface of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body (501), and wind elimination holes (505) are arranged on the side wall of the wind elimination pipe (504), and the wind elimination pipe (504) extends vertically outward along the left side surface of the wind-proof explosion-proof plate body (501), and the wind elimination pipe (504) is conical, cylindrical or polygonal, and the ventilation holes (503) and wind elimination holes (505) are circular holes, square holes or elliptical holes. 8. An air filter absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the poison filter screens (41) are arranged in reverse inclination in sequence in the filter housing (1), and U-shaped connecting pieces (41b) are respectively arranged in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate (42) and the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate (43), and the ends of adjacent poison filter screens (41) are transitionally connected and fixed in the groove of the front supporting groove-type support plate (42) or the groove of the rear supporting groove-type support plate (43) through U-shaped connecting pieces (41b). 9. An air filter absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that: the poison filter (41) includes a support frame (410), a wire mesh layer (411) and an activated carbon layer (412) integrally formed and fixed in the support frame (410), and the support frame (410) is a rectangular hollow frame mesh woven by a metal mesh; an adsorption filter layer (413) is arranged in the support frame (410) and on one side away from the wire mesh layer (411), and the wire mesh layer (411) and the activated carbon layer (412) are arranged backward in sequence along the air intake transmission direction.