CN110766915A - Alarm method and system for identifying fire fighting access state - Google Patents
Alarm method and system for identifying fire fighting access state Download PDFInfo
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
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- G08B21/18—Status alarms
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/97—Determining parameters from multiple pictures
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
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- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30232—Surveillance
Abstract
The application discloses an alarm method and system for identifying a fire fighting access state, comprising the following steps: receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time; periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data; performing foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio; sending alarm information according to the jam ratio; and (5) alarming. The method comprises the steps of receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time, periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data, carrying out foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio, only needing the acquisition equipment without using other sensors, and having low installation and maintenance costs. When the accumulated objects exceed a certain proportion and the parking time exceeds a threshold value, the alarm message is pushed, the blockage of the fire fighting channel can be judged in real time, the long-time smoothness of the fire fighting channel is guaranteed, false alarms caused by temporary passing or temporary occupation are reduced, and the occupation of emergency resources is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of image recognition of the Internet of things, in particular to an alarm method and system for recognizing the state of a fire fighting access.
Background
In recent years, the occupational risks of firemen are continuously increased due to emerging difficulty suppression of high-rise buildings, petrochemical industry and the like, one of main factors for increasing the rescue difficulty of the firemen is that the fire fighting channel is blocked, the fire fighting channel contains piled sundries, vehicles are stored and the like, most of the existing management modes of the fire fighting channel are manual patrol, and the mode cannot ensure that the fire fighting channel is unobstructed for a long time.
Chinese patent 'a fire fighting channel occupation monitoring and alarming method and system', its application publication number is CN102708655A, its publication date is 2012.10.03, adopt infrared transceiver, magnetic flux detection unit and high definition camera to gather the information in the fire fighting channel, utilize the information processing unit to do preliminary treatment and upload to the backstage server through the communication assembly the information gathered, judge whether the fire fighting channel is occupied by the backstage server, and control the alarm device to send out the police dispatch newspaper and control the high definition camera to record and take the incident when the fire fighting channel is occupied, its concrete step is (1) the high definition camera shoots the picture of a fire fighting channel at intervals, and upload the picture to the backstage server, the backstage server defines the picture shot according to time as the normal state picture and stores; (2) when the infrared transceiver or the magnetic flux detection unit finds that an abnormal signal exists in the channel, the abnormal signal information is transmitted to the information processing unit; (3) the information processing unit controls the high-definition camera to shoot a real-time picture of the fire fighting channel after receiving the abnormal signal, and transmits the picture to the background server through the communication assembly; (4) the background server defines the real-time photos as abnormal photos after receiving the real-time photos, calls out the nearest normal photos for comparison analysis, and judges whether the fire fighting channel is occupied or not; (5) if the background server judges that the fire fighting channel is occupied, the alarm device is controlled to give an alarm, and meanwhile, the high-definition camera shoots and records the fire fighting channel. However, the method has high installation and maintenance cost because the channel change comes from the infrared receiving and transmitting device, and the normal state picture is a picture taken at regular time, so that the blockage condition of the channel cannot be identified if the infrared receiving and transmitting device is abnormal.
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an alarm method and system for identifying the status of a fire fighting access, which can visually analyze the stacking of objects in a monitoring screen and the smoothness of a road without using other sensors, and which is low in installation and maintenance costs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides an alarm method and an alarm system for identifying the state of a fire fighting access.
In one aspect, the present application provides an alarm method for identifying a fire fighting access status, including:
receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time;
periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data;
performing foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio;
sending alarm information according to the jam ratio;
and (5) alarming.
Preferably, the foreground extraction of the plurality of image frames by using the background subtraction method to obtain the occlusion ratio includes:
preferably, the foreground extraction of the plurality of image frames by using the background subtraction method to obtain the occlusion ratio includes:
s1, foreground extraction is carried out by using the image frame and the background model;
s2, calculating the ratio of the image frame and the background model which are not overlapped to obtain a contrast value;
s3, extracting the next image frame in the same period, and executing S1-S3 in a circulating way until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained;
and S4, calculating the jam ratio by using the comparison values of all the image frames in the same period.
Preferably, after the calculating the occlusion ratio by using the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period, the method further comprises:
and updating the background model by using the image frame corresponding to the jam ratio to obtain an updated background model.
Preferably, before the foreground extracting the plurality of image frames by using the background subtraction method to obtain the occlusion ratio, the method further includes:
and if the image frame is the first frame acquired by the acquisition equipment corresponding to the image frame, establishing a background model by using the previous n image frames.
Preferably, the sending alarm information according to the congestion ratio includes:
and if the continuous jam ratios are all larger than the threshold value, sending alarm information.
Preferably, the alarming includes:
and sending a short message alarm and/or a telephone alarm to alarm equipment corresponding to the acquisition equipment according to the alarm information.
Preferably, after the sending alarm information if the consecutive congestion ratios are all greater than the threshold value, the method further includes: multiple sets of image frames corresponding to all occlusion fractions greater than a threshold are saved.
Preferably, the threshold value is dynamically changed following the updated background model.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an alarm system for identifying a status of a fire fighting access, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for receiving the video data sent by the acquisition equipment in real time and sending the video data to the management module;
the management module is used for periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data and sending the image frames to the analysis module;
the analysis module is used for carrying out foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blockage ratio and sending alarm information to the alarm module according to the blockage ratio;
and the alarm module is used for alarming according to the alarm information.
Preferably, the analysis module is particularly adapted to,
using the image frames and the background model to extract the foreground, calculating the ratio of the image frames to the background model which is not overlapped to obtain a contrast value, using the image frames to update the background model to obtain an updated background model, extracting the next image frame in the same period, circularly performing the operation until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained, and using the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period to calculate the blocking occupation ratio; and sending alarm information to an alarm module according to the jam ratio.
The application has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time, periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data, carrying out foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio, only needing the acquisition equipment without using other sensors, and having low installation and maintenance costs.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to denote like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of an alarm method for identifying a fire passageway status provided by the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an alarm method for identifying a fire fighting access status provided by the present application for determining whether a jam proportion exceeds a threshold value using a background subtraction method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alarm method for identifying a fire protection pathway state provided by the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an alarm system for identifying a fire protection pathway condition provided herein;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a deployment of an alarm system for identifying a fire passage status according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an alarm method for identifying a fire passage status, as shown in fig. 1, the method including: the method comprises the following steps:
s101, receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time;
s102, periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in video data;
s103, foreground extraction is carried out on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio;
s104, sending alarm information according to the jam ratio;
and S105, alarming.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the determination of whether the congestion ratio exceeds the threshold value by using the background subtraction method.
Before foreground extraction is carried out on a plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio, the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the image frame is the first frame acquired by the acquisition equipment corresponding to the image frame, establishing a background model by using the previous n image frames.
As shown in fig. 2, performing foreground extraction on a plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio, includes:
s1, foreground extraction is carried out by using the image frame and the background model;
s2, calculating the ratio of the image frame and the background model which are not overlapped to obtain a contrast value;
s3, extracting the next image frame in the same period, and executing S1-S3 in a circulating way until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained;
and S4, calculating the jam ratio by using the comparison values of all the image frames in the same period.
As shown in fig. 2, after calculating the occlusion ratio by using the contrast values of all image frames in the same period, the method further includes:
and updating the background model by using the image frame corresponding to the jam ratio to obtain an updated background model.
As shown in fig. 2, sending alarm information according to the congestion ratio includes:
and if the continuous jam ratios are all larger than the threshold value, sending alarm information.
And alarming, comprising:
and sending a short message alarm and/or a telephone alarm to alarm equipment corresponding to the acquisition equipment according to the alarm information.
If a plurality of continuous jam ratios are all larger than the threshold value, after the alarm information is sent, the method further comprises the following steps: multiple sets of image frames corresponding to all occlusion fractions greater than a threshold are saved.
The threshold value dynamically changes following the updated background model.
The number of continuous clogging ratios can be set. That is, if 5 is set, when the congestion occupancy exceeds the threshold value for 5 consecutive cycles, the alarm information is transmitted.
The current congestion sum threshold may also be sent periodically to the alarm device.
The time of the period and the number of frames transmitted per period may be set as desired.
The threshold value of the congestion ratio can be set.
The number of frames used to build the background model can be set.
In the following, with reference to fig. 3, taking processing of video data acquired by the acquisition device 2 as an example, assuming that a period is 5 minutes, and a number of frames transmitted in each period is 10 frames, a background model is established using 100 frames, so as to further explain the embodiment of the present application. And the acquisition module of the video acquisition layer receives video data sent by each acquisition device in real time and sends the video data to the management module.
And the management module of the application layer periodically extracts 10 image frames in the video data obtained by each acquisition device and sends the image frames to the analysis module. As shown in fig. 3, the image frame 1 corresponds to the image frame extracted by the acquisition device 1, the image frame 2 corresponds to the image frame extracted by the acquisition device 2, and the image frame 3 corresponds to the image frame extracted by the acquisition device 3. The period is 5 minutes, and if the frames are taken from 15:30:30, 10 continuous frames (less than 1 s) are taken from 15:30:30, and the taken 10 continuous image frames are sent to the analysis module. The next frame is between 15:30:35 and 15:30:36, and so on.
The management module sends the image frames in the image frame 2 to the analysis module.
The unit corresponding to the acquisition device 2 in the analysis module processes the image frames of the image frames 2.
If the image frames in the image frames 2 include the first frame acquired by the acquisition device 2, the management module sends the first 100 frames to the analysis module, and the analysis module establishes the background model by using the received 100 frames of image frames.
After the background model is established, the analysis module waits for the image frame sent by the management module in the next period.
An analysis module of the analysis interface layer extracts a foreground by using a first frame and a background model in 10 image frames of the received image frame 2, calculates the ratio of the first frame to the background model without superposition to obtain a contrast value 1, extracts the next image frame (a second frame) in the same period, and extracts the foreground by using the next image frame and the background model; calculating the ratio of the second frame to the background model without superposition to obtain a contrast value 2; and extracting the next image frame in the same period, and circulating the operation until obtaining the contrast values of 10 image frames in the same period.
The occlusion ratio is calculated by using 10 contrast values of 10 image frames in the same period, that is, the maximum contrast value of the 10 contrast values is taken as the occlusion ratio.
And updating the background model by using the image frame corresponding to the jam ratio to obtain an updated background model which is used as the background model of the next period.
And if the contrast value of the eighth frame image frame in the current period is the maximum contrast value of the 10 contrast values, using the contrast value of the eighth frame as the jam occupation ratio. The background model is updated using the eighth frame image frame in the previous period.
And judging whether the jam ratio is larger than a set threshold value or not, and if so, recording as exceeding the threshold value once.
If the situation that the number of times of continuous 5 times exceeds the threshold value is set, alarm information is sent, and if the jam occupation ratios of the continuous 5 periods are all larger than the threshold value, the alarm information is sent to an alarm module.
And the alarm module of the application layer sends a short message alarm and/or a telephone alarm to the alarm equipment corresponding to the acquisition equipment (acquisition equipment 2) according to the received alarm information.
And if the number of the jam ratios exceeding the threshold value does not reach 5 times continuously, the analysis module does not send alarm information to the alarm module.
And if the jam ratio is larger than the threshold value, the management module stores all image frames corresponding to the alarm information.
The threshold value of the jam ratio is dynamically changed along with the updated background model. That is, if the channel occupancy of the background model after the update is smaller than the channel occupancy of the background model before the update, the threshold of the congestion occupancy is decreased.
Next, another embodiment of the present application will be described.
The analysis module can also send alarm information to the alarm module when the jam ratio of each period exceeds a threshold value. After the alarm module receives the alarm information, whether the alarm information (the alarm information corresponding to the acquisition equipment) exceeds the number of continuous blocking occupation ratios or not is judged, and if the alarm information exceeds the number of continuous blocking occupation ratios, a short message alarm and/or a telephone alarm are/is sent to the alarm equipment corresponding to the acquisition equipment (the acquisition equipment 2).
The number of continuous blockage ratios of each acquisition device can be set respectively according to needs.
Next, an embodiment in which the threshold value of the congestion ratio dynamically changes following the updated background model in the present application will be described.
Taking a background model created by images of non-channel parts such as walls, railings, or steps on both sides of a channel as an example, it is assumed that in this background model G, the channel P accounts for 80% of the entire background model, and at this time, there are no other non-channel objects on the channel, the channel occupancy is 80% (P ═ 0.8G). Assuming that the threshold T is set to be 60% of the channel, that is, the area of the channel which cannot exceed 60% is occupied (T ═ 0.6P), and if the blockage ratio is greater than T, it is recorded as exceeding the threshold once. Therefore, the threshold value is G × 80% × 60%, which is 0.48G. If sundries are placed on the channels in the image frames sent in the next period, calculating the ratio of non-overlapping between the channel P1 in the image frames and the channel P in the background model, namely the reduction rate of the channels in the image frames to the channels in the background model. If the contrast value of the current frame is [1- (P1 ÷ P) ] > 60%, the contrast value of the current frame exceeds the threshold.
The background model is updated by using the image frame corresponding to the jam ratio of the current period, and assuming that the channel P of the updated background model only occupies 60% of the whole image G, the threshold T is changed according to the channel ratio in the updated background model, and the current threshold T is [1- (0.48G ÷ 60%) ] ═ 20%, that is, in the channel of the current background model, the area which cannot exceed 20% is occupied.
The updating of the background model is used to update (reflect) the normal state of the fire passage.
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an alarm system for identifying a fire fighting access status, as shown in fig. 4, including:
the acquisition module 101 is used for receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time and sending the video data to the management module;
the management module 102 is configured to periodically extract a plurality of image frames in the video data, and send the image frames to the analysis module;
the analysis module 103 is configured to perform foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blockage ratio, and send alarm information to the alarm module according to the blockage ratio;
and the alarm module 104 is used for giving an alarm according to the alarm information.
The analysis module is specifically adapted to,
using the image frames and the background model to extract the foreground, calculating the ratio of the image frames to the background model which is not overlapped to obtain a contrast value, using the image frames to update the background model to obtain an updated background model, extracting the next image frame in the same period, circularly performing the operation until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained, and using the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period to calculate the blocking occupation ratio; and sending alarm information to an alarm module according to the jam ratio.
An acquisition module comprising: interfaces and software development kits.
The embodiment of the application can monitor the fire fighting channel blockage situation and provide the monitoring result to a third-party system in an API mode.
Another embodiment of the present application further includes that after receiving the alarm message, the alarm module preferentially determines a retention time, and then performs an alarm message push service, where the retention time is a configurable parameter.
As shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present application, the video device management service may be deployed in a manner that the video device management service includes a management module and an alarm module. Moreover, the video analysis service including the analysis module may be a cloud terminal, a local terminal, or an intermediate node terminal between the cloud terminal and the local terminal as required.
Embodiments of the present application may also be divided into four layers.
A video acquisition layer: the acquisition module transmits video data acquired by the acquisition equipment to an equipment management layer of the Internet of things platform through protocols such as RTMP/HLS and provides information such as the attribute and the state of the camera.
And a video analysis layer: the interface (video analysis interface) automatically extracts the change area in the image from various video image sequences (image frames) by a background subtraction method, analyzes the proportion condition of the change area to judge, and returns the analysis result to the result that the fire fighting channel is blocked abnormally.
An alarm application layer: and judging a result returned by the video analysis interface, and if a detection result returned by the system is higher than a threshold value (occupied time length) set in the system, pushing the abnormal information to alarm equipment by using an alarm application layer, wherein the alarm equipment can be a computer end, a mobile phone end, a tablet end and other alarm equipment, and the alarm application layer is responsible for managing the alarm equipment or pushing alarm information and the like.
A device management layer: and uniformly managing the acquisition module, the analysis module and the alarm module. The video stream is acquired by calling the acquisition module, the video stream is transmitted to the video analysis interface, and if the interface returns abnormal, the alarm module is called.
Data transmission between each device and each module and data transmission between each module can be carried out in a wired and/or wireless mode
According to the method, the video data sent by the acquisition equipment is received in real time, the plurality of image frames in the video data are extracted periodically, the background subtraction method is used for carrying out foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames to obtain the jam ratio, only the acquisition equipment is needed, other sensors are not needed, and the installation and maintenance cost is low. Through the unobstructed state in the contrast control picture area, when accumulational object surpassed certain proportion and parking time and exceeded the threshold value, video image information when the propelling movement warning message and record caused the jam condition to take place strengthens the supervision to the video fire control passageway jam condition, can judge the jam of fire control passageway in real time, for the long-time unblocked guarantee that provides of fire control passageway, can reduce because temporarily pass through or occupy the wrong report police that causes temporarily, reduce occuping of emergent resource. The method has the advantages that the large-area coverage monitoring is carried out by connecting the existing security camera into the fire-fighting blockage algorithm, and the installation and maintenance cost is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An alarm method for identifying a fire fighting access status, comprising:
receiving video data sent by acquisition equipment in real time;
periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data;
performing foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio;
sending alarm information according to the jam ratio;
and (5) alarming.
2. The alarm method of claim 1, wherein the foreground extracting the plurality of image frames using a background subtraction method to obtain a blocking ratio comprises:
s1, foreground extraction is carried out by using the image frame and the background model;
s2, calculating the ratio of the image frame and the background model which are not overlapped to obtain a contrast value;
s3, extracting the next image frame in the same period, and executing S1-S3 in a circulating way until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained;
and S4, calculating the jam ratio by using the comparison values of all the image frames in the same period.
3. The alarm method according to claim 1, further comprising, after said calculating an occlusion ratio using the contrast values of all image frames in the same period:
and updating the background model by using the image frame corresponding to the jam ratio to obtain an updated background model.
4. The alarm method of claim 1, wherein before said foreground extracting a plurality of said image frames using background subtraction to obtain an occlusion ratio, further comprising:
and if the image frame is the first frame acquired by the acquisition equipment corresponding to the image frame, establishing a background model by using the previous n image frames.
5. The alarm method according to claim 1, wherein the sending an alarm message according to the jam proportion comprises:
and if the continuous jam ratios are all larger than the threshold value, sending alarm information.
6. The alarm method of claim 1, wherein said alerting comprises:
and sending a short message alarm and/or a telephone alarm to alarm equipment corresponding to the acquisition equipment according to the alarm information.
7. The alarm method according to claim 5, wherein after sending alarm information if the consecutive congestion ratios are all greater than the threshold value, further comprising: multiple sets of image frames corresponding to all occlusion fractions greater than a threshold are saved.
8. An alarm method according to claim 5, characterised in that said threshold value is dynamically changed following an updated background model.
9. An alarm system for identifying a status of a fire protection pathway, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for receiving the video data sent by the acquisition equipment in real time and sending the video data to the management module;
the management module is used for periodically extracting a plurality of image frames in the video data and sending the image frames to the analysis module;
the analysis module is used for carrying out foreground extraction on the plurality of image frames by using a background subtraction method to obtain a blockage ratio and sending alarm information to the alarm module according to the blockage ratio;
and the alarm module is used for alarming according to the alarm information.
10. The alarm system of claim 9, wherein the analysis module is specifically configured to,
using the image frames and the background model to extract the foreground, calculating the ratio of the image frames to the background model which is not overlapped to obtain a contrast value, using the image frames to update the background model to obtain an updated background model, extracting the next image frame in the same period, circularly performing the operation until the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period are obtained, and using the contrast values of all the image frames in the same period to calculate the blocking occupation ratio; and sending alarm information to an alarm module according to the jam ratio.
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