CN110763394B - Annular pressure device for measuring the differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube at the experimental site - Google Patents
Annular pressure device for measuring the differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube at the experimental site Download PDFInfo
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- CN110763394B CN110763394B CN201911000776.2A CN201911000776A CN110763394B CN 110763394 B CN110763394 B CN 110763394B CN 201911000776 A CN201911000776 A CN 201911000776A CN 110763394 B CN110763394 B CN 110763394B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了属于流量的测量领域的一种用于实验现场竖直圆管内液体差压测量的环形取压装置；其中节流装置设置于竖直圆管的中段，两个环形取压装置分别垂直安装于竖直圆管的高压段和低压段上；环形取压装置包括轴线位于同一平面的引压管、均压环和测量管，其中均压环为环形管，四根引压管均匀安装在均压环内侧，四根引压管通过取压孔与被测量的竖直圆管光滑连接，测量管安装在均压环的外侧，测量管外安装有差压变送器，竖直圆管内的液体经引压管进入均压环，并在均压环内均匀混合。本发明改进了目前热工水力学实验中所广泛采用的直接取压方式，避免了脉动压力、振动等对差压测量带来的不利影响，提高差压测量精度。
The present invention discloses an annular pressure-taking device for measuring the differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube at an experimental site, which belongs to the field of flow measurement; wherein a throttling device is arranged at the middle section of the vertical circular tube, and two annular pressure-taking devices are respectively vertically installed on the high-pressure section and the low-pressure section of the vertical circular tube; the annular pressure-taking device comprises a pressure-leading pipe, a pressure-equalizing ring and a measuring pipe whose axes are located in the same plane, wherein the pressure-equalizing ring is an annular pipe, four pressure-leading pipes are evenly installed inside the pressure-equalizing ring, four pressure-leading pipes are smoothly connected to the vertical circular tube to be measured through pressure-taking holes, the measuring pipe is installed outside the pressure-equalizing ring, a differential pressure transmitter is installed outside the measuring pipe, and the liquid in the vertical circular tube enters the pressure-equalizing ring through the pressure-leading pipe, and is evenly mixed inside the pressure-equalizing ring. The present invention improves the direct pressure-taking method widely used in current thermal hydraulics experiments, avoids the adverse effects of pulsating pressure, vibration, etc. on differential pressure measurement, and improves the accuracy of differential pressure measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flow measurement, and particularly relates to an annular pressure taking device for measuring liquid differential pressure in a vertical circular tube in an experimental site.
Background
The thermal hydraulic experimental study is an important component part of the related hydrodynamic study in the professional disciplines of energy power engineering, nuclear technology, petrochemical industry and the like. The fluid differential pressure is a key measurement parameter of a thermal hydraulic experiment, so that in an experimental environment, accurate measurement of the fluid differential pressure of the experiment is an important guarantee about experimental accuracy and measurement reliability.
The pressure is defined as the force of the medium acting vertically on the unit area, the so-called pressure in physics, and the difference between any two points is the differential pressure. In the thermodynamic experimental environment, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, the fluid pressure mainly consists of two parts, namely hydrostatic pressure caused by gravity and hydrodynamic pressure caused by fluid flow. The pressure measuring method widely used in industrial application at present mainly comprises a liquid column type pressure gauge, an elastic pressure gauge, an electric pressure gauge and a piston type pressure gauge, wherein the liquid column type pressure gauge and the elastic pressure gauge are not generally used for automatic differential pressure measurement of a thermal hydraulic experiment site due to the defects of inconvenient reading, incapability of remote control and the like, the piston type pressure gauge is mainly used as a standard instrument for calibrating and calibrating other pressure measuring equipment and is not used for differential pressure measurement of the experiment site, and a differential pressure transmitter is adopted for realizing differential pressure measurement in the experiment environment in consideration of large fluid flow rate and considerable pressure in the thermal hydraulic experiment, and meanwhile, for facilitating automatic data acquisition, transmission and remote control. The invention is based on the industrial differential pressure transmitter as the pressure measuring equipment, and the arrangement of the pressure sampling points and the pressure sampling mode have obvious influence on the measurement accuracy in the installation process of the differential pressure transmitter.
Related researches on differential pressure measurement at home and abroad are focused on terminal development and theoretical research of measurement equipment, and the research on the basic content of the pressure taking mode is very lacking. Xu Saijie et al designed a pressure vessel water level measurement system based on the principle of thermal diffusion with the application of pressure vessel water level monitoring after nuclear power accidents as a background. The immersion method is adopted to extend the water level detector into the measured key point, and the liquid level condition can be displayed through signal processing.
In order to solve the problem of the differential pressure measurement deviation of the left and right air inlets of the engine, liu Kun et al in the article 'analysis of the differential pressure measurement deviation of the left and right air inlets of the engine', the correlation and influence among the pressure measuring pipeline, the testing equipment and the static pressure holes are clarified through analyzing the structure and principle of the pressure measuring system of the air inlets, the cause of the deviation is determined, reasonable layout of the pressure measuring pipeline, reasonable selection of the testing equipment and reasonable maintenance measures of the static pressure holes are adopted, the measurement deviation of the left and right air inlets is reduced, but the differential pressure measurement in the scheme still adopts a traditional direct pressure taking mode.
An annular orifice throttling device and a pressure-taking and pollution-discharging method thereof are disclosed in Chinese publication No. ZL201810394606.6, and the drainage pipe on the annular orifice throttling device is shifted and reformed, so that the pressure-guiding pipe and the drainage pipe are positioned on the same straight line, and timely pollution discharge and dredging of the pressure-taking pipeline are facilitated. The invention is mainly used for gas working media such as coal gas and the like, and takes pollution discharge as a main important point.
In summary, in the middle-low pressure and middle-low temperature hydraulic engineering experiments, the research on the liquid differential pressure measurement and pressure measurement mode in the vertical circular tube is insufficient, and the pertinence is not strong enough. The method mainly comprises the following three aspects of 1) adopting a traditional direct pressure measurement mode for measuring liquid differential pressure in the current thermodynamic experiment, wherein the mode has inherent defects in measurement accuracy, less research of related experiments, 2) less research of a differential pressure measurement method in a low-and-medium-temperature thermodynamic experimental environment, no definite design standard and 3) less related research of the liquid differential pressure measurement mode in a vertical circular tube. Meanwhile, in order to enable the fluid to flow stably in the traditional direct pressure taking mode, the length of the pressure guiding pipe is as long as possible, and adverse effects are brought to equipment installation, space utilization and the like in narrow spaces such as laboratories.
Aiming at the defects of a direct pressure taking method adopted by the measurement of the liquid differential pressure in the vertical circular tube in the current thermal hydraulic experiment, in order to accurately measure the liquid differential pressure in the thermal hydraulic experiment, an annular pressure taking device suitable for the measurement of the liquid differential pressure in experimental sites such as a middle-low pressure, middle-low temperature thermal hydraulic experiment bench, an experimental device and the like is designed, and has positive significance for experimental measurement accuracy and engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides an annular pressure taking device for measuring the liquid differential pressure in a vertical circular tube in an experimental site, which is characterized by comprising the vertical circular tube, a throttling device and two annular pressure taking devices, wherein the throttling device is arranged at the middle section of the vertical circular tube, and the two annular pressure taking devices are respectively and vertically arranged on a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section of the vertical circular tube;
The annular pressure taking device comprises pressure guiding pipes, a pressure equalizing ring and a measuring pipe, wherein the axes of the pressure guiding pipes, the pressure equalizing ring and the measuring pipe are located on the same plane, the pressure guiding pipes are evenly arranged on the inner side of the pressure equalizing ring, the pressure guiding pipes are smoothly connected with a measured vertical circular pipe through pressure taking holes, the measuring pipe is arranged on the outer side of the pressure equalizing ring, a differential pressure transmitter is arranged outside the measuring pipe, liquid in the vertical circular pipe 1 enters the pressure equalizing ring through the pressure guiding pipes and is evenly mixed in the pressure equalizing ring, and the length of the pressure guiding pipes is more than or equal to 10 times of the diameter of the pressure taking holes.
The inner diameter of the pressure guiding pipe, the inner diameter of the equalizing ring, the inner diameter of the measuring pipe and the aperture of the pressure taking hole are equal.
The pressure taking hole is circular, the axis of the pressure taking hole is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical circular tube, and the diameter of the pressure taking hole is smaller than 8% of the diameter of the vertical circular tube.
The measuring tube is collinear with any one axis of the four pressure guiding tubes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. And the liquid differential pressure in the circular tube of the experimental site such as a middle-low pressure, middle-low temperature hydraulic experiment bench, an experimental device and the like is accurately measured.
2. The adverse effect possibly caused by the excessively high flow velocity on differential pressure measurement when the liquid flows in the circular tube is effectively relieved, and the buffer effect is achieved.
3. The direct pressure taking mode widely adopted in the current thermodynamic experiment is improved, adverse effects of pulsating pressure, vibration and the like on differential pressure measurement are avoided, the differential pressure measurement precision is improved, and the experiment accuracy and the measurement reliability are ensured.
4. The pressure equalizing pipe enables the liquid to be uniformly mixed, has a good buffering effect, and improves measurement accuracy and data stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an annular pressure measuring device for measuring differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube in an experimental site;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of fig. 2.
Wherein, 1-vertical round tube, 2-annular pressure-taking device, 3-throttling device, 201-pressure guiding tube, 202-equalizing ring, 203-measuring tube, 204-pressure-taking hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1 is used for measuring the liquid differential pressure (pressure difference) between two points in a vertical circular tube 1, so that an annular pressure taking device 2 is divided into a high-pressure section pressure taking device and a low-pressure section pressure taking device according to the flowing direction of the liquid;
the two annular pressure taking devices 2, namely the high-pressure section pressure taking device and the low-pressure section pressure taking device, are respectively and vertically arranged on the high-pressure section and the low-pressure section of the vertical circular tube 1, in order to enable the pressure taking point to accurately reflect the liquid pressure, the distance between the high-pressure section pressure taking device and the throttling device 3 is made to be more than 10D (D is the inner diameter of the vertical circular tube 1) as far as possible in order to avoid pressure loss caused by local resistance, the distance between the low-pressure section pressure taking device and the throttling device 3 is made to be more than 5D, and besides, according to the principle of hydrodynamics, the following principle is also required to be followed when the annular pressure taking device 2 is arranged:
in the embodiment, the throttling device 3 is a chord tangential stainless steel metal sheet, and the throttling device 3 is arranged among flanges of a plurality of vertical circular tubes 1 through flanges arranged on the outer side;
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the vertical circular tube 1 is 123mm;
In the embodiment, the distance between the high-pressure section pressure-taking device and the throttling device 3 is 1403mm, and the distance between the low-pressure section pressure-taking device and the throttling device 3 is 630mm;
1) The annular pressure-taking device 2 is required to be arranged at a pipe section part where liquid linearly flows, and cannot be arranged at a place where vortex possibly occurs, such as an elbow, a tee joint and the like, so that local pressure loss is avoided;
2) The annular pressure-taking device 2 is required to be perpendicular to the flowing direction of the liquid in the vertical circular tube 1;
3) The liquid entering the pressure taking device is required to be ensured to be a single-phase medium, no gas is mixed, an exhaust port is required to be reserved, and in the annular pressure taking device 2, the exhaust port of the differential pressure transmitter is utilized for exhausting;
4) In order to prevent the pipe wall of the annular pressure taking device 2 from icing under the cold condition, an insulating layer is used for coating in the experiment, so that the temperature is prevented from changing greatly.
As shown in fig. 2, the annular pressure taking device 2 comprises a pressure guiding pipe 201, a pressure equalizing ring 202 and a measuring pipe 203, wherein the axes of the pressure guiding pipes 201, the pressure equalizing ring 202 and the measuring pipe 203 are positioned on the same plane, wherein the pressure equalizing ring 202 is an annular pipe, four pressure guiding pipes 201 are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the pressure equalizing ring 202, the four pressure guiding pipes 201 are in smooth connection with a measured vertical circular pipe 1 through pressure taking holes 204, the measuring pipe 203 is arranged on the outer side of the pressure equalizing ring 202, the axis of the measuring pipe 203 is collinear with any one of the radial lines of the pressure equalizing ring 202, the outer end of the measuring pipe 203 is connected with the high pressure end or the low pressure end of the pressure equalizing ring 202 through a metal hose, the pressure differential transmitter is used for leading out measured liquid in the measurement, the liquid in the vertical circular pipe 1 enters the pressure equalizing ring 202 through the pressure guiding pipe 201 and is uniformly mixed in the pressure equalizing ring 202, adverse effects on the differential pressure measurement caused by flow-induced vibration and pulsation pressure are avoided, and the mixed liquid of the pressure equalizing ring 202 is finally connected with the high pressure end and the low pressure receiving end of the measuring pipe 202 through the measuring pipe 203 to finish the differential pressure measurement, the inner diameter of the pressure guiding pipe 201, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the measuring pipe 203 is equal to the diameter of the pressure measuring pipe 204, and the diameter of the pressure guiding pipe is equal to the diameter of the pressure measuring pipe 204 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the pressure measuring pipe 204;
The pressure taking hole 204 is circular, the axis of the pressure taking hole 204 is vertical to the axis of the vertical circular tube 1, the pressure guiding tube 201 is directly connected with the measured vertical circular tube 1 to ensure that the liquid is fully mixed in the equalizing ring 202, and meanwhile, the pressure guiding tube 201 is directly connected with the measured vertical circular tube 1, and the diameter of the pressure taking hole 204 is smaller than 0.08D under the condition of ensuring that the drilling precision and the liquid flow are smooth because the flow rate in the circular tube is higher, so that the interference to the liquid flow in the circular tube is avoided, and the inner diameter of the equalizing ring 202 is adjusted according to the diameter of the measured circular tube;
since the liquid flowing in from the pressure guiding pipes 201 has been uniformly mixed in the pressure equalizing ring, in the present embodiment, the measuring pipe 203 is arranged in line with (facing) any one of the four pressure guiding pipes 201 without affecting the measurement result;
in the embodiment, the differential pressure transmitter is a Rossment 3051DP4A22A1AB4M5HR5K8 differential pressure transmitter, wherein the range is 248.6-710 kPa, the working temperature is-50-250 ℃, the high pressure end and the low pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter are connected with a metal hose through threads, and the exhaust operation is completed through an internal exhaust knob of the differential pressure transmitter;
in this embodiment, the smooth connection is performed by smooth welding, that is, there is no obvious chamfer, groove, burr, etc. at the welding position near the pressure taking hole 204, so as to avoid pressure loss caused by additional resistance;
In this embodiment, the outer diameter of grading ring 202 is 173.50mm;
in this embodiment, the length of the pressure guiding tube 201 is 100mm, and other main parameters of the annular pressure-taking device 2 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 main parameters of the annular pressure gauge 2
The specific installation workflow of the embodiment is as follows:
1) The manufacturing of the annular pressure taking device 2 is completed according to the table 1, and then the annular pressure taking device is installed on the vertical circular tube 1, and the annular pressure taking device is divided into a high-pressure section pressure taking device and a low-pressure section pressure taking device according to specific positions;
2) Connecting the measuring tube 203 in the high-pressure section pressure-taking device and the low-pressure section pressure-taking device with the high-pressure end and the low-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter respectively;
3) The liquid working medium to be tested fills the whole measured circular pipeline and the annular pressure taking device 2;
4) The exhaust hole is reserved through the differential pressure transmitter for exhausting, so that the annular pressure taking device 2 is guaranteed to be single-phase liquid, and air lock is prevented;
5) Differential pressure measurement was completed during the experiment.
Claims (1)
1. The annular pressure taking device for measuring the liquid differential pressure in the vertical circular tube in the experimental site is characterized by comprising a vertical circular tube (1), a throttling device (3) and two annular pressure taking devices (2), wherein the throttling device (3) is arranged at the middle section of the vertical circular tube (1), and the two annular pressure taking devices (2) are respectively and vertically arranged on a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section of the vertical circular tube (1);
The annular pressure taking device (2) comprises pressure guiding pipes (201), pressure equalizing pipes (202) and a measuring pipe (203) with axes on the same plane, wherein the pressure equalizing pipes (202) are annular pipes, four pressure guiding pipes (201) are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the pressure equalizing pipes (202), the four pressure guiding pipes (201) are smoothly connected with a measured vertical round pipe (1) through pressure taking holes (204), the measuring pipe (203) is arranged on the outer side of the pressure equalizing pipes (202), a differential pressure transmitter is arranged outside the measuring pipe (203), and liquid in the vertical round pipe (1) enters the pressure equalizing pipes (202) through the pressure guiding pipes (201) and is uniformly mixed in the pressure equalizing pipes (202);
the inner diameter of the pressure guiding pipe (201), the inner diameter of the equalizing ring (202), the inner diameter of the measuring pipe (203) and the aperture of the pressure taking hole (204) are equal, the length of the pressure guiding pipe (201) is more than or equal to 10 times of the diameter of the pressure taking hole (204), and adverse effects on differential pressure measurement caused by flow-induced vibration and pulsation pressure are avoided;
The pressure taking hole (204) is circular, the axis of the pressure taking hole (204) is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical circular tube (1), and the diameter of the pressure taking hole is smaller than 8% of the diameter of the vertical circular tube (1);
The measuring tube (203) is collinear with any one axis of the four pressure guiding tubes (201);
The distance between the high-pressure section pressure taking device and the throttling device (3) is more than 10D, and the distance between the low-pressure section pressure taking device and the throttling device (3) is more than 5D, wherein D is the inner diameter of the vertical circular tube (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911000776.2A CN110763394B (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Annular pressure device for measuring the differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube at the experimental site |
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| CN201911000776.2A CN110763394B (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Annular pressure device for measuring the differential pressure of liquid in a vertical circular tube at the experimental site |
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| CN110763394A CN110763394A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
| CN110763394B true CN110763394B (en) | 2025-01-21 |
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| CN112509715B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-08-05 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Seven subassembly flow measurement experiment sections |
Citations (2)
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| CN108414041A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北新冶钢特种钢管有限公司 | A kind of annular perforated-plate throttling device and its pressure method for discharging pollution |
| CN211696775U (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-10-16 | 华北电力大学 | Annular pressure-taking device used for differential pressure measurement of liquid in vertical circular tube on experimental site |
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| CN2354112Y (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 1999-12-15 | 邵朋诚 | Annular perforated-plate throttling device |
| CN201034644Y (en) * | 2007-04-28 | 2008-03-12 | 上海肯特智能仪器有限公司 | Annular pressure sampling type V awl flow rate sensor |
| CN101382445B (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-08-04 | 天津大学 | Double differential pressure throttling humidity measuring device |
| CN201348520Y (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-11-18 | 陕西仪新测控仪表有限公司 | Concealed ring-type cone throttling device |
| CN202522274U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-11-07 | 大连经济技术开发区山海电子有限公司 | Integrated temperature and pressure compensatory venturis taper pipe flow meter |
| CN208125210U (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-11-20 | 江阴市节流装置厂有限公司 | A kind of anti-blocking flowtube presses pressure obtaning device |
| CN108548575B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-03-06 | 天津大学 | A throttling device pressure taker for measuring wet gas flow |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414041A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北新冶钢特种钢管有限公司 | A kind of annular perforated-plate throttling device and its pressure method for discharging pollution |
| CN211696775U (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-10-16 | 华北电力大学 | Annular pressure-taking device used for differential pressure measurement of liquid in vertical circular tube on experimental site |
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