CN110762150A

CN110762150A - Shock absorber

Info

Publication number: CN110762150A
Application number: CN201911241348.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴戍戌; 王守仁; 刘文涛; 王高琦; 温道胜; 于琪琪; 李金坤
Original assignee: University of Jinan
Current assignee: University of Jinan
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-02-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock absorber, comprising: a frame body; a buffer member; a cylindrical gear; a pair of drive bevel gears; a driven bevel gear; and (4) a generator set. The shock absorber based on the invention has a relatively compact structure and can ensure the continuity of motor drive.

Description

Shock absorber

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a shock absorber.

Background

The shock absorber is a device for relieving impact by suppressing shock when a spring rebounds after absorbing shock, and has a main function of improving the impact resistance of equipment to which the shock absorber is applied.

The traditional shock absorber is mainly a mechanical shock absorber, the shock absorbed by the spring is utilized to relieve the impact on the equipment, and the spring gradually converts mechanical energy into heat energy in the shock process so as to dissipate the heat energy. With the gradual exhaustion of fossil energy, the industrial application of new energy cannot meet the industrial requirements, open source throttling is the main direction for dealing with energy crisis at present, and the conversion of mechanical energy absorbed by a shock absorber into other expected energy forms is also one direction for generating energy.

Due to the great irregularity of the waveform of the energy absorbed by the shock absorber, the application of the energy converted into other energy forms is relatively difficult, for example, the energy converted into mechanical energy, and the irregularity makes the application of the mechanical energy have great impracticability. Therefore, the energy form converted by the shock absorber is mainly electric energy, the electric energy belongs to a certain flow, and the impact generated by the instability of the current can be effectively eliminated under the condition of no load.

Chinese patent document CN209654176U discloses a damping power generation device, in which a spring assembly is installed in a damping main body, a support rod of the spring assembly is connected with a rack through a fixed rod, a sprocket is coaxial with a gear, the gear is engaged with the rack, the sprocket forms a driving wheel in a chain transmission mechanism, and a driven sprocket in the chain transmission mechanism is coaxial with a generator flywheel. As a general knowledge in the mechanical field, a flywheel has a relatively large moment of inertia, in other words, it is difficult to obtain a large angular velocity in a short time for driving the flywheel, and the driving of the flywheel, which has a short period of fluctuation and low energy, tends to generate a large rigid impact on the chain drive, rather than contributing to a continuous driving of the flywheel. In addition, the connection span of the fixing rod and the rack is large, the driving capability is poor, and the compactness of the whole equipment is relatively poor.

In contrast, chinese patent document CN109973575A discloses a spring power generation type damper, which has a size substantially equivalent to that of a conventional spring type damper as a whole, and the power generation principle is that a plurality of piezoelectric plates are provided on a support frame for restraining a spring, a mass block is provided on the spring, and the piezoelectric plates are deformed to generate power by the pressure generated by the mass block and the piezoelectric plates attached to the spring when the pitch of the spring is changed due to buffering. In order to ensure the reliability of assembly, the mass block needs to be welded on the spring, and the welding can cause the denaturation of spring steel, so that the part of the welded mass block is hard and brittle and is easy to generate fatigue fracture. In addition, since the power generation principle disclosed in the patent document is that the piezoelectric sheets generate power by being deformed under force, and the piezoelectric sheets are uniformly arranged, however, the spring deformation is generally uniform deformation of the pitch, which also causes different turn-to-turn displacement amounts, the uniformly arranged piezoelectric sheets are substantially lack of practicality, and the deformation of the piezoelectric sheets is uncontrollable.

The inventor thinks that compactness is considered too much, and the realization difficulty is increased inevitably. Chinese patent document CN109707580A discloses a vehicle-mounted damping system, whose power generation principle is that a piston rod of a damping cylinder drives two ratchet mechanisms, the two ratchet mechanisms transmit kinetic energy to an alternator, one of the two ratchet mechanisms is used for kinetic energy conversion when the piston rod moves in one direction, the other is used for kinetic energy conversion when the piston rod returns, a certain span exists between the two ratchet mechanisms, and the two ratchet mechanisms are arranged on the same side of the piston rod, limited by the installation mode and the movement direction, the structure needs to be provided with two alternators, the whole compactness is poor, and the continuity of the alternating current motor drive cannot be ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shock absorber which is relatively compact in structure and can ensure the continuity of motor driving.

In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a shock absorber having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end in a shock absorbing direction of the shock absorber, the shock absorber including:

the frame body is provided with a first end connecting part at a first end and a guide part at a second end;

a guide rod having a first end inserted into the housing through the guide portion, a rack section at a portion inserted into the housing, and a second end connected to the second end of the guide rod;

the buffer component is arranged between the second end of the guide rod and the second end of the frame body and is used for buffering when the guide rod moves towards the first end side;

the cylindrical gear is positioned in the rack body and is meshed with the rack;

the pair of driving bevel gears and the cylindrical gear share a gear shaft, are distributed on two sides of the cylindrical gear and are opposite in tooth profile; the two driving bevel gears are arranged on the gear shaft through overrunning clutches, and the clutching directions of the two corresponding overrunning clutches are opposite;

the driven bevel gear is arranged between the two driving bevel gears and is respectively meshed with the two driving bevel gears;

and the input shaft of the generator set fixed on the frame body forms a driven bevel gear shaft of the driven bevel gear.

Optionally, the frame body is a box body, and accordingly, a dynamic seal is formed between the guide rod and the guide part.

Optionally, the guide is provided with a linear bearing;

the guide part is internally provided with a sealing assembly which comprises a shaft seal and a dustproof ring respectively arranged at two sides of the shaft seal.

Optionally, bearing seat holes are formed on the opposite side plates of the box body for supporting the gear shaft.

Alternatively, the damping direction and the axial direction of the gear shaft define a reference plane, and the axial direction of the driven bevel gear shaft is perpendicular to the reference plane.

Optionally, the second end of the guide bar is fitted with or formed with a tray for supporting the cushioning component.

Optionally, the cushioning component is a spring;

correspondingly, a ring groove is formed on the tray to position the second end of the spring.

Optionally, the first end of the guiding portion has a flange for connecting with the frame body through a flange connection structure.

Optionally, the first end connection portion and the second end connection portion are both earrings.

Optionally, the transmission ratio between the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 1.5: 1.

In the embodiment of the invention, a cylindrical gear and a pair of driving bevel gears are arranged on a gear shaft, the two corresponding driving bevel gears are arranged on the gear shaft through overrunning clutches, the clutch directions of the two overrunning clutches are opposite, when the cylindrical gear is driven to drive the gear shaft to rotate, the two driving bevel gears rotate along with the cylindrical gear, but the clutch directions are opposite, and driven bevel gears meshed with the two driving bevel gears can only be driven by one driving bevel gear at the same time. Under the condition, the two driving bevel gears are matched with the guide rod of the shock absorber to do reciprocating motion, the two driving bevel gears drive the driven bevel gears in a time-sharing mode, and under the reciprocating motion condition, the driving directions of the two driving bevel gears to the driven bevel gears are the same, so that the driven bevel gears can be continuously driven. And the gear shaft of the driven bevel gear is a motor shaft of the generator set, so that the generator can be continuously driven. Further, the three gears disposed on one shaft and the driven gear are relatively compact in layout.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the case in one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic left sectional view of the damper according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a shock absorber according to an embodiment.

In the figure: 1. the gear comprises a lower lug ring, 2, a tray, 3, a spring, 4, a seat plate, 5, a generator set, 6, a gear shaft, 7, a first driving bevel gear, 8, a second driving bevel gear, 9, an upper lug ring, 10, a box body, 11, a seat hole, 12, a guide sleeve, 13, an assembly hole, 14, a connecting rod, 15, a positioning ring groove, 16, a guide rod, 17, a linear bearing, 18, a fixing plate, 19, a first overrunning clutch, 20, a second overrunning clutch, 21, a cylindrical gear, 22, a rack section, 23, a motor shaft and 24, and a driven bevel gear.

Detailed Description

Compared with the common bearing with the same specification, the overrunning clutch is also called a one-way bearing, the one-way bearing is slightly larger in individual and slightly different in assembly mode, the common bearing is mainly used for providing support, and the overrunning clutch is used for providing one-way transmission besides the support.

The principles of the present invention are described in detail below:

the principle of the overrunning clutch, which is generally known in the mechanical field and has a single-direction drivability in that it can transmit torque when rotating in the driving direction, and can not transmit torque when rotating in the reverse direction, is engaged, and only the corresponding functional parts for achieving the object of the present invention are indicated here.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4 of the specification, it can be seen that the gear shaft 6 is fitted with three gears including a cylindrical gear 21 positioned at the center and engaged with the rack section 22 and one drive bevel gear each positioned at both sides of the cylindrical gear 21, i.e., a first drive bevel gear 7 and a second drive bevel gear 8 as shown in the drawings. Wherein the first bevel drive gear 7 is mounted on the gear shaft 6 via the first overrunning clutch 19, and correspondingly, the second bevel drive gear 8 is mounted on the gear shaft 6 via the second overrunning clutch 20, and when assembling, the driving directions of the two overrunning clutches are opposite, namely, the driving direction corresponds to the clutching direction of the overrunning clutch, in other words, when the gear shaft 6 rotates clockwise, only one bevel drive gear has driving capability, and the other bevel drive gear is in slipping state.

In the structure shown in fig. 3, the gear shaft 6 is located at the front side, and when the rack segment 22 moves upward, the gear shaft 6 rotates counterclockwise, and assuming that the first overrunning clutch 19 is operated, i.e., in an engaged state, to drive the driven bevel gear 24, and the second overrunning clutch 20 is in a disengaged state, the second driving bevel gear 8 cannot drive the driven bevel gear 24, and the first overrunning clutch 19 rotating counterclockwise drives the first driving bevel gear 7, so that the driven bevel gear 24 is driven clockwise.

When the rack segment 22 returns, that is, when the rack segment 22 goes down, it is necessary that the first overrunning clutch 19 is in a disengaged state and the second overrunning clutch 20 is in an engaged state, under the condition that the driven bevel gear 24 is driven by the second driving bevel gear 8, the direction of motion generated by the second driving bevel gear 8 based on the downward movement of the rack segment 22 should be clockwise rotation, see fig. 4, when the driven bevel gear 24 is also driven by the second driving bevel gear 8 clockwise.

As can be seen from the above description, the reciprocating motion of the rack segment 22 is based on the condition that the pair of overrunning clutches are engaged and disengaged, and the driven bevel gear 24 is interposed between the two driving bevel gears, so that the driven bevel gear 24 can be driven continuously and unidirectionally.

The gear transmission mechanism belongs to a transmission mechanism with a relatively compact structure in the mechanical field, so that the shock absorber capable of generating electricity has a relatively compact individual body.

Based on the above principle, and referring to the description, the shock absorber in the example shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4 should have the following configuration:

first, with respect to orientation, in most applications the shock absorber damps in the vertical direction, but in some special applications the shock absorber may be oriented laterally, obliquely, but it is certain that whatever damping method is used, damping is generally based on the direction of the generated vibration, and the damping direction of the shock absorber coincides with the direction of the resultant force of the generated vibration. In this condition, the shock absorber is described using its damping direction, and the first reference frame, i.e. the damping direction of the shock absorber, is determined and can also be understood as the reference direction.

For convenience of description, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the up-down direction may be used to indicate the shock absorbing direction without affecting the proper understanding of those skilled in the art.

As the base orientation, the shock absorber is defined to have a first end and a second end opposite to the first end in the shock absorbing direction, wherein the first end is the end opposite to the direction of the resultant force of the shock generated, and the second end is the force bearing end of the resultant force of the shock acting on the shock absorber.

Further, the damper includes a housing, which is a case structure in fig. 1, i.e., a case 10 shown in the drawing, a guide bar 16, a damping member, a cylindrical gear 21, a pair of drive bevel gears, a driven bevel gear 24, and a generator set 5. For shock absorbers, in some applications, the conditions are relatively harsh, such as shock absorption for vehicles, which are included in the suspension system of the vehicle, dust and the like that are rolled up during the traveling of the vehicle need to be isolated from the gear train, and the case 10 provides a relatively closed environment to effectively protect the gear train. In some applications, the operating conditions are relatively optimal and it may not be necessary to provide corresponding protection for the gear train, such as some damping in a clean room.

The upper end, i.e. the first end, of the housing 10, which is shown in fig. 2 as a frame body, is provided with an upper ear ring 9, which is the fitting part between the shock absorber and a typical, e.g. vehicle frame.

The upper earring 9 in fig. 1, as well as the lower earring 1, is adapted to most applications of shock absorbers, the earring providing a generally cylindrical hinge hole, the cylindrical hinge being constructed by means of a hinge shaft.

In some embodiments, one of the two external hinge points of the shock absorber may be a ball hinge, which is common knowledge in the art and will not be described herein.

Referring to fig. 2 of the specification, a guide sleeve 12, which may be a bottom hole, is provided on a seat plate 4 of the casing 10, and in the structure shown in fig. 3, a linear bearing 17 is installed on the lower side of the seat plate 4 through a fixing plate 18 in alignment with the guide sleeve 12 or the bottom hole, so as to form a guide portion for guiding a linear moving member in a damper in a damping direction.

Generally, the linear motion part in the shock absorber is a rod, such as the guide rod 16 shown in fig. 3, and as mentioned above, the linear motion part includes another ear ring, i.e. the lower ear ring 1 shown in fig. 1, specifically, the guide rod 16 is a rod, and the lower end is provided with a lower ear ring 1.

The first end of the guide rod 16 is inserted into the housing via the guide portion, and in the structure shown in fig. 3, for example, the upper end of the guide rod 16 is inserted into the housing via the linear bearing 17, and the portion inserted into the housing has a rack segment 22, which is engaged with the cylindrical gear.

As for the shock absorber, its damping comprises two parts in the embodiment of the present invention, one is damping based on the resisting moment of the genset 5 and the other is damping by the spring 3 shown in fig. 3.

For purely damping components, in addition to the spring 3, it is also possible to use rubber, in particular for applications with a relatively large damping surface, which is usually damped by a rubber block.

As a damping element, it is necessarily required to be interposed between the parts that move towards each other to generate damping, in the embodiment of the invention, the parts that move towards each other, i.e. the lower ends of the guide rods 16 and the box 10 shown in fig. 3, in particular, the springs 3 are supported between the fixing plate 18 and the tray 2, wherein the tray 2 is welded to the lower ends of the guide rods 16, and the fixing plate 18 is used for assembling the linear bearings 17 on the seat plate 4.

When the spring 3 is employed, for example, the outer cylindrical surface of the linear bearing shown in fig. 1, and fig. 3 constitutes a spring guide post of the spring 3, the overall compactness is good, and the movability of the spring 3 is relatively good.

Further, when the spring 3 is used, a positioning ring groove 15 is formed on the tray 2 for supporting the lower end of the spring 3 as shown in fig. 3 to ensure the supporting stability of the spring 3.

The fixing plate 18 may be a flange as a whole, and in the structure shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that the seat plate 4 is provided with the fitting hole 13, and the fixing plate 18 is fixed to the seat plate 4 by means of flange connection.

For the aforementioned cylindrical gear 21, a straight gear may be used, a helical gear may also be used, and in some embodiments, a herringbone helical gear may also be used.

With respect to the assembly relationship between the three gears on the gear shaft 6, it has been mentioned above that the spacing between the two drive bevel gears needs to be adapted to the size of the driven bevel gear 24 in order to determine the appropriate transmission ratio, in addition to the assembly requirement of the cylindrical gear 21.

Regarding the transmission ratio, it is preferable that the transmission ratio between the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 1.5:1, which satisfies both a suitable assembly space and driving performance of the generator set.

The generator set 5 includes a generator in the figure, and a motor shaft 23 of the generator is a gear shaft of a driven bevel gear 24, and belongs to a direct-acting generator. The generator set 5 is visible in fig. 4, which is provided with two terminals at its left end for an external load or battery.

In the foregoing description it is pointed out that the housing is preferably a casing 10, which casing 10 provides a relatively closed environment ensuring reliable operation of the gear unit. However, there are some movable parts of the relevant parts, such as the guide bar 16 inserted into the housing 10, which require sealing of the inserted part, and accordingly, the guide bar 10 forms a movable seal with the guide part.

Preferably, the guide is provided with a linear bearing 17, the linear bearing 17 being provided with a sleeve structure adapted to be provided with a sealing element, in some embodiments a sealing assembly being provided in the respective sleeve, in particular the sealing assembly comprising a shaft seal and a dust ring being present on each side of the shaft seal.

For the downward limit of the guide rod 16, a round nut or other limit structure, such as a stop pin, is generally disposed at the portion of the guide rod 16 inserted into the box, and after the guide rod 16 penetrates into the box 10, a return-stroke constraint stop is generated by using, for example, the round nut, so as to prevent the guide rod 16 from being released due to over-stroke.

In some embodiments, the housing 10 is provided with bearing housing holes on opposite side plates for support of the gear shaft 6.

In some embodiments, bearing portions for the gear shaft 6 may be provided within the housing 10 to form bearing seats to facilitate sealing.

In some embodiments, the housing 10 can be adapted to the bearing housing hole, so that the space occupied in the housing 10 can be effectively reduced, and the overall size of the housing 10 can be relatively compact.

The gear shaft 6 can be sealed with a bearing end cap since the power output does not have to be considered.

In the configuration shown in fig. 1, the damping direction and the axial direction of the pinion shaft 6 define a reference surface which is mostly a vertical surface in most applications, and the axial direction of the driven bevel pinion shaft is perpendicular to the reference surface, so that the assembly interference of the generator set 5 can be reduced.

Claims

1. A shock absorber having a first end and a second end opposite the first end in a shock absorbing direction of the shock absorber, the shock absorber comprising:

2. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the frame body is a box body, and accordingly, the guide rod and the guide portion form a dynamic seal therebetween.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein the guide portion is provided with a linear bearing;

4. The damper of claim 2, wherein the opposite side plates of the housing have bearing housing openings for supporting the gear shaft.

5. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the damping direction and the axial direction of the gear shaft define a reference plane, and the axial direction of the driven bevel gear shaft is perpendicular to the reference plane.

6. The damper of claim 1, wherein the second end of the guide rod is fitted with or formed with a tray for supporting the damping member.

7. The shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein the damping member is a spring;

8. The damper according to claim 1, 6 or 7, wherein the first end of the guide portion has a flange for coupling with the housing body by a flange coupling structure.

9. The shock absorber of claim 1, wherein the first end connection portion and the second end connection portion are both earrings.

10. The damper according to claim 1, wherein a transmission ratio between the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 1.5: 1.