CN110761129A - A forging and casting integrated frog production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a forging and casting integrated frog production method. The method of the present invention includes the following steps: step 1, casting a steel ingot and forging before the frog is integrally cast; step 2, machining the forged steel ingot into an integral forging, which is provided with a core rail and a forging. Two wing rails, the two wing rails are located on both sides of the core rail and are arranged at intervals; a groove I is formed in the contact part of the integral forging with molten steel; Its corresponding position is placed in the sand mold to act as an internal cooling iron, and the integral casting is completed. The invention can fundamentally solve the problems of high difficulty and high cost in the overall forging operation, greatly reduce man-hours and costs; it can strengthen the most easily damaged part of the frog, and improve the service life of the frog; it can be used for alloy steel and is suitable for The process optimization of the whole casting and whole forging frog is simple and easy to implement.

Description

A forging and casting integrated frog production method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of forging, casting and metal solidification, in particular, to a frog production method integrated with forging and casting.

Background technique

The forged and cast integrated frog production method is a brand new frog production method, which is different from the integral forged frog, the integral cast high manganese steel frog and the assembled alloy steel composite frog, which has a longer service life and less Cost of production.

The high manganese steel in the whole cast high manganese steel frog has poor casting performance and short life; the assembled alloy steel composite frog has poor integrity and toughness. The integral forging frog adopts the method of forging the easily damaged area after the frog core and the wing rail are 40mm higher than the integral casting, which has the advantages of strong mechanical properties and high toughness.

Chinese patent CN201810109618.X, during casting, the vulnerable part of the frog is heightened and then forged, and the core rail and wing rail are strengthened by casting first and then forging. Because the casting is too large, it is difficult and costly to forge the local vulnerable areas. In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a frog production method integrated with forging and casting, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the casting quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the above-mentioned whole cast high manganese steel frog, the high manganese steel has poor casting performance and short life; the assembled alloy steel composite frog has poor integrity and toughness; The method of forging the vulnerable area after integral casting has the technical problems of forging the local vulnerable area with great difficulty and high cost because the casting is too large, and the forging process is complicated and difficult to control. Fork production method. In the invention, the core rail and the wing rail of the vulnerable part are first made into forgings, which act as inner cooling irons to complete the casting, so that the quality of the forgings is much higher than that of the overall forged frogs, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the casting quality; optimizing the frogs The complex process of integral forging after casting is completed, and the service life of the frog is improved and the cost is reduced by the integrated production method of casting and forging.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

A forging and casting integrated frog production method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, before the frog is cast as a whole, cast steel ingots and fully forge to improve mechanical properties and toughness;

In step 2, the forged steel ingot is machined into an integral forging piece. The integral forging piece is provided with a core rail and two wing rails. The two wing rails are located on both sides of the core rail and are arranged at intervals. ; A groove I is formed in the contact part of the integral forging and molten steel;

Step 3: The mechanically processed integral forging is placed in the sand mold according to its corresponding position to serve as an inner cooling iron, and the integral casting is completed; the corresponding position refers to the position of the integral forging in the sand mold.

Further, in the second step, the diameter of the groove I opened on the connecting side of the integral forging and the molten steel is 10mm-30mm, so as to improve the cohesiveness of the forging and casting.

The present invention also provides a forging and casting integrated frog production method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Three independent steel ingots are casted and fully forged respectively before the frog is cast as a whole to improve mechanical properties and toughness;

Step 2: Machining the three forged steel ingots into three independent forgings, the three forgings are respectively a core rail and two wing rails, and the three forgings and the molten steel contact part are all provided with grooves II. ;

Step 3: Place the three mechanically processed forgings in the sand mold according to their corresponding positions to serve as three internal cooling irons, and complete the overall casting; the corresponding positions refer to the positions of the three forgings in the sand mold.

Further, in the second step, the diameters of the grooves II opened on the connecting sides of the three forgings and the molten steel are 10mm-30mm, so as to improve the cohesiveness of the forgings and castings.

Further, in the third step, the depths of the three forgings buried in the molten steel are all 0-30mm.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The forging and casting integrated frog production method provided by the present invention, by first making the heart rail and the wing rail of the vulnerable part into a forging, acting as an inner cooling iron to complete the casting, so that the quality of the forging is much higher than that of the integral forging frog. , so as to achieve the purpose of improving casting quality.

2. The forging and casting integrated frog production method provided by the present invention can fundamentally solve the problems of high difficulty and high cost in the overall forging operation, and greatly reduce man-hours and costs.

3. The forging and casting integrated frog production method provided by the present invention can strengthen the most easily damaged part of the frog and improve the service life of the frog.

4. The forging and casting-integrated frog production method provided by the present invention can be used for the process optimization that alloy steel is suitable for integral casting and forging frogs, and the operation is simple and easy to realize.

To sum up, the application of the technical solution of the present invention can solve the problems of poor casting performance and short service life of high manganese steel in the integrally cast high manganese steel frog in the prior art; poor integrity and toughness of the assembled alloy steel composite frog; integral forging. The frog adopts the method of forging the easily damaged area after the frog core and the wing rail are 40mm higher than the overall casting. Because the casting is too large, the forging process is complicated and difficult to control. It is difficult to forge the local vulnerable area, and the cost is high. question.

Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely applied in the fields of forging, casting and metal solidification.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the frog of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the shape of the forging and the casting part of the three-rail integral forging scheme of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the shape of the forging and the casting part of the three-track separate forging scheme of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of point selection of the numerical simulation temperature curve of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a temperature curve diagram corresponding to each point of the present invention.

Figure 6 shows the experimental material properties of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Wing rails; 2. Heart rails; 3. Vulnerable parts of frogs; 31. Forgings of the three-track overall forging scheme; 32. Casting parts of the three-rail overall forging scheme; 33. Three forgings of the three-rail forging scheme ; 34. Casting part of the three-track forging scheme respectively.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for convenience of description, the dimensions of various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only and not limiting. Accordingly, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, top, bottom, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. Or the positional relationship is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these orientation words do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element unless otherwise stated. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "on", "over", "on the surface", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe what is shown in the figures. The spatial positional relationship of one device or feature shown to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or features would then be oriented "below" or "over" the other devices or features under its device or structure". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below." The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the frog of the present invention, and the vulnerable part 3 of the frog is marked. Aiming at the complex technological process of optimizing the overall forging and pressing after the frog is the most easily damaged part of the frog in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a forging and casting integrated frog production method, which integrates casting and forging to improve the The service life of the fork and the cost reduction, as shown in Figure 2, the method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1, before the frog is cast as a whole, cast steel ingots and fully forge to improve mechanical properties and toughness;

In step 2, the forged steel ingot is machined into an integral forging piece, and the integral forging piece is provided with a core rail 2 and two wing rails 1 that are most easily damaged by a frog, and the two described wing rails 1 are located in the The two sides of the core rail 2 are arranged at intervals, that is, the shape of the forging piece 31 of the three-rail integral forging scheme in FIG. 2; the integral forging piece has a groove I in the contact part with the molten steel;

Step 3: Place the mechanically processed integral forging in the sand mold according to its corresponding position to act as an inner cooling iron, that is, the casting part 32 of the three-track integral forging scheme in FIG. 2 , and complete the integral casting.

In this embodiment, in the second step, the diameter of the groove I opened on the connection side between the integral forging and the molten steel is 30 mm, so as to improve the cohesiveness of the forging and casting.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 3, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention also provides a forging and casting integrated frog production method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Three independent steel ingots are casted and fully forged respectively before the frog is cast as a whole to improve mechanical properties and toughness;

In step 2, the three forged steel ingots are machined into three independent forgings, and the three described forgings are respectively a core rail 2 and two wing rails 1, that is, three forging schemes for the three rails in Fig. 3 are respectively three. The shape of the forging piece 33, and the three forging pieces contacting the molten steel are all provided with grooves II;

Step 3: Place the three mechanically processed forgings in the sand mold according to their corresponding positions to serve as three inner cooling irons, that is, the three rails in Fig. 3 are respectively at the casting part 34 of the forging scheme, and complete the overall casting.

Further, in the second step, the diameter of the grooves II opened on the connecting sides of the three forgings and the molten steel is 30 mm, so as to improve the cohesiveness of the forgings and castings.

Further, in the third step, the depths of the three forgings buried in the molten steel are all 25mm.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a schematic diagram of point selection of the numerical simulation temperature field of the present invention. In this example, the ProCAST software is used to carry out numerical simulation on the forging scheme of the three rails respectively, and the casting temperature of 1450° C. and the casting speed of 50 kg/s are adopted. In Figure 4, a1 and a3 are two points on the side edge of the forging; b1 and b2 are two points on the top side edge of the forging; a2 is the 20mm inward point of the forging side groove; b3 is the 20mm inward point of the forging top side groove.

The numerical simulation results are shown in Figure 5, that is, the temperature curves corresponding to each point. FIG. 6 shows the properties of the experimental material of the present invention, that is, the curve of the Newtonian viscosity and the solid phase fraction of the material changing with temperature. The numerical simulation results show that the temperature of the side of the forging and the top side of the forging both rise above the solidus line, and the fluidity of the material increases rapidly in this temperature range, which is easy to connect the forging and the casting interface; the side of the forging is close to the casting end, and its temperature is obvious. The higher the temperature, the longer the temperature is above the solidus. The numerical simulation shows that the method of the present invention is feasible, and the joints can reach the adhesion condition. It further shows that the application of the method of the present invention can fundamentally solve the problems of difficult and high cost of the overall forging operation, and can strengthen the most easily damaged local area of the frog.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (4)

1. a frog production method of forging and casting is characterized in that, comprises following two kinds of schemes: Option 1 includes the following steps: Step 1, cast steel ingots and forge before the frog integral casting; In step 2, the forged steel ingot is machined into an integral forging piece. The integral forging piece is provided with a core rail and two wing rails. The two wing rails are located on both sides of the core rail and are arranged at intervals. ; A groove I is formed in the contact part of the integral forging and molten steel; Step 3, placing the mechanically processed integral forging in the sand mold according to its corresponding position to serve as an inner cooling iron, and complete the integral casting; Option 2 includes the following steps: Step 1, casting three independent steel ingots and forging respectively before the frog integral casting; Step 2: Machining the three forged steel ingots into three independent forgings, the three forgings are respectively a core rail and two wing rails, and the three forgings and the molten steel contact part are all provided with grooves II. ; Step 3: Place the three mechanically processed forgings in the sand mold according to their corresponding positions to serve as three internal cooling irons, and complete the overall casting. 2. The forging-casting integrated frog production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step 2 of the scheme 1, the diameter of the groove I opened on the connecting side of the integral forging and the molten steel is 10mm-30mm. 3. the forging-casting integrated frog production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the step 2 of described scheme 2, the diameter of the groove Ⅱ that three described forgings and molten steel are connected to open side is 10mm-30mm . 4 . The forging-casting integrated frog production method according to claim 1 , wherein, in step 3 of the second solution, the depths of the three forgings embedded in molten steel are all 0-30 mm. 5 .

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