Machining device and machining method for internal gear of speed reducer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to gear machining, in particular to a machining device and a machining method for a gear inside a speed reducer.
Background
The gear is a common mechanical structure, when being used for power transmission and increase and decrease, install inside the reduction gear more, the gear needs to cut original metal rod material, quenching and gear cutting etc. operation when processing, before carrying out the gear cutting operation, need polish the gear surface, guarantee the roughness on its surface, consequently just need use polishing equipment, polishing equipment is one kind among the processingequipment of gear, but the following shortcoming exists in the actual use of current like device:
1. in the polishing and grinding process, scraps on the surface of the gear disc are easy to fly in the air, the conventional equipment does not have a corresponding protection and dust scrap absorption structure, and the simple spraying operation also causes the equipment to be difficult to clean and inconvenient to use;
2. the prior cooling mechanism is mostly independent of equipment, and needs to use additional universal equipment such as an additional motor, and the like, so that the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing device and a processing method for a gear inside a speed reducer, which aim to solve the problems that in the background technology, in the polishing and grinding process, scraps on the surface of a gear disc are easy to fly in the air, the existing equipment does not have a corresponding protection and dust and scrap absorption structure, the simple spraying operation also causes the equipment to be difficult to clean and inconvenient to use; lack corresponding cooling structure, the higher temperature can be produced to the mill dish when high-speed contact with the work piece, and current cooling mechanism is mostly independent of outside the equipment, needs to use general equipment such as extra motor, the higher problem of cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a processing device for gears inside a speed reducer comprises a machine body, a workpiece body, an electric push rod and an air suction pipe, wherein a guide rod is installed on the upper end face of the machine body, a slide seat which is horizontally distributed is connected on the guide rod in a sliding mode, a motor and a main shaft are installed on the slide seat, the motor and the main shaft are connected through two meshed bevel gears, a polishing disc is installed at the bottom end of the main shaft, the workpiece body is matched in a clamping seat, the clamping seat is fixedly installed on the machine body, a transparent cover is arranged on the outer side of the main shaft and connected with a first circular ring through an inclined rod, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the polishing disc, vertical rods which are vertically distributed are fixed at the edge of the polishing disc, an air delivery hose is installed on the transparent cover, the inner spaces of the transparent cover and the inner spaces of the transparent cover are mutually communicated, and the output, and the top end bearing of the main shaft is connected with an air suction pipe.
Preferably, the first circular ring and the transparent cover are both movably connected with the main shaft, the bottom end of the first circular ring is connected with the bottom end of the second circular ring through a bearing, and the second circular ring is provided with a compression spring.
Preferably, two ends of the compression spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the main shaft and the second circular ring, and the second circular ring and the main shaft form a sliding connection structure in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the inner ends of the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively communicated with the hollow structure in the spindle from two sides, the first cavity is communicated with the first suction hole, and the first suction holes are horizontally arranged on the lower end face of the grinding disc at equal intervals.
Preferably, the second cavity is communicated with a third cavity in the vertical rod, and the third cavity is communicated with a second suction hole formed in the side of the vertical rod.
Preferably, the top end of the air hose is communicated with the inner space of the sliding seat, fan blades mounted on the fan shaft are arranged above the air hose, and the fan shaft is connected with the main shaft through a belt pulley mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the processing device for the gear inside the speed reducer, through the transparent cover and the use of the multiple groups of cavities and air hole structures, the dust on the surface of a workpiece can be adsorbed and treated in real time while being polished, the rotation of the main shaft can be used as a power source, the heat dissipation can be conveniently carried out on the polishing environment, and the design is more reasonable;
1. the structural design of the first circular ring and the second circular ring is convenient for well protecting a grinding environment by using the transparent cover, so that scraps are prevented from flying into air, and the structural design of the two groups of circular rings ensures that the high-speed rotation of the main shaft is not influenced;
2. the structural design of the first cavity and the second cavity facilitates the negative pressure absorption treatment of the polishing scraps in the transparent cover by utilizing a plurality of groups of air holes, so that the use is more convenient;
3. the air hose and the fan shaft structure are used, so that the fan blades can be driven to rotate at a high speed by the rotation of the main shaft, and the aim of efficiently cooling the polishing environment by air is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the polishing disc of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken at B in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slider according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a body; 2. a guide bar; 3. a slide base; 4. an electric motor; 5. a main shaft; 6. grinding disc; 7. a workpiece body; 8. a card holder; 9. a transparent cover; 10. a diagonal bar; 11. a first circular ring; 111. a second circular ring; 112. a compression spring; 12. a first cavity; 13. a second cavity; 14. a first suction hole; 15. a vertical rod; 151. a third cavity; 152. a second suction hole; 16. a gas hose; 161. a fan blade; 162. a fan shaft; 163. a belt pulley mechanism; 17. an electric push rod; 18. and (4) sucking a pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a processing device for gears in a speed reducer comprises a machine body 1, a guide rod 2, a sliding seat 3, a motor 4, a main shaft 5, a polishing disc 6, a workpiece body 7, a clamping seat 8, a transparent cover 9, an inclined rod 10, a first circular ring 11, a second circular ring 111, a compression spring 112, a first cavity 12, a second cavity 13, a first suction hole 14, a vertical rod 15, a third cavity 151, a second suction hole 152, an air hose 16, fan blades 161, a fan shaft 162, a belt pulley mechanism 163, an electric push rod 17 and an air suction pipe 18, wherein the guide rod 2 is installed on the upper end face of the machine body 1, the sliding seat 3 which is horizontally distributed is connected on the guide rod 2 in a sliding manner, the motor 4 and the main shaft 5 are installed on the sliding seat 3, the motor 4 is connected with the main shaft 5 through two meshed conical teeth, the polishing disc 6 is installed at the bottom end of the main shaft 5, the workpiece body 7 is inosculated in the clamping seat 8, and the clamping, the outside of main shaft 5 is provided with translucent cover 9, and translucent cover 9 is connected through down tube 10 and first ring 11, first cavity 12 and second cavity 13 have been seted up to the inside of polishing dish 6, and the edge of polishing dish 6 is fixed with vertical distribution's montant 15, install gas transmission hose 16 on the translucent cover 9, and inner space between them communicates each other, electric putter 17's output and 3 tops of slide are connected, the top bearing of main shaft 5 is connected with breathing pipe 18.
The first circular ring 11 and the transparent cover 9 are movably connected with the main shaft 5, the bottom ends of the first circular ring 11 and the second circular ring 111 are in bearing connection, the second circular ring 111 is provided with a compression spring 112, two ends of the compression spring 112 are respectively fixedly connected with the main shaft 5 and the second circular ring 111, the second circular ring 111 and the main shaft 5 form a sliding connection structure in the vertical direction, when the main shaft 5 moves down along with the sliding seat 3, the transparent cover 9 moves along with the sliding seat, when the main shaft moves to a certain degree, the bottom end edge of the transparent cover 9 is contacted with the machine body 1, the main shaft 5 continuously moves down, at the moment, the transparent cover 9 is fixed, the first circular ring 11 and the second circular ring 111 correspondingly slide upwards, the compression spring 112 is correspondingly compressed, when the main shaft 5 is in a high-speed rotating state, the second circular ring 111 and the compression spring 112 synchronously rotate, and the first circular ring 11 and the transparent cover 9 are in a static state, ensure that the transparent cover 9 can carry out fine protection to the environment of polishing.
The inner ends of the first cavity 12 and the second cavity 13 are respectively communicated with a hollow structure in the spindle 5 from two sides, the first cavity 12 is communicated with the first suction hole 14, the first suction hole 14 is horizontally and equidistantly arranged on the lower end face of the polishing disc 6, the second cavity 13 is communicated with a third cavity 151 in the vertical bar 15, the third cavity 151 is communicated with a second suction hole 152 arranged on the side of the vertical bar 15, a part of chips generated in the polishing process can be extracted from the first suction hole 14 in real time, and a part of chips flying in the transparent cover 9 can be discharged into the second cavity 13 from the second suction hole 152 and the third cavity 151 in fig. 4, so that the real-time high-speed cleaning of the polishing chips is realized.
The top end of the air hose 16 is communicated with the inner space of the sliding seat 3, the fan blades 161 mounted on the fan shaft 162 are arranged above the air hose 16, the fan shaft 162 is connected with the spindle 5 through the belt pulley mechanism 163, and the spindle 5 rotates while driving the fan shaft 162 to synchronously rotate under the transmission action of the belt pulley mechanism 163, so that the high-speed rotation of the fan blades 161 at the bottom end of the fan shaft 162 generates air flow, and most of the air flow flows into the air hose 16 right below the air hose and enters the transparent cover 9 through the air hose 16, thereby ensuring the efficient cooling of the polishing environment.
A processing method of a processing device of an internal gear of a speed reducer comprises the following steps: firstly, a worker can place a workpiece body 7 to be polished in a clamping seat 8, and the workpiece body is pushed by an electric push rod 17 in the figure 1 to drive a sliding seat 3 and a polishing structure to move downwards integrally, wherein the polishing mechanism is composed of a motor 4, a main shaft 5 and a polishing disc 6, when the polishing disc 6 is in contact with the surface of the workpiece, the motor 4 can be started to drive the polishing disc 6 to rotate at a high speed under the meshing transmission action of bevel teeth shown in the figures 1 and 5, and therefore the purpose of polishing the surface of the workpiece is achieved;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the spindle 5 moves down along with the slide 3, the transparent cover 9 moves along with the slide, when the spindle moves to a certain extent, the bottom end edge of the transparent cover 9 contacts with the machine body 1, the spindle 5 moves down continuously, the transparent cover 9 is fixed at this time, the first ring 11 and the second ring 111 slide up correspondingly, the compression spring 112 is compressed correspondingly, when the spindle 5 is in a high-speed rotation state, the second ring 111 and the compression spring 112 rotate synchronously, and the first ring 11 and the transparent cover 9 are in a static state, so that the transparent cover 9 can protect the polishing environment well;
before the polishing operation is started, a user can connect the air suction pipe 18 with external air suction equipment such as an air pump, and at the moment, the air suction pipe 18, the cavity inside the spindle 5 and the first cavity 12 and the second cavity 13 in fig. 3 are in a negative pressure state, a part of debris generated in the polishing process can be sucked out from the first suction hole 14 in real time, and a part of debris floating inside the transparent cover 9 can be discharged into the second cavity 13 from the second suction hole 152 and the third cavity 151 in fig. 4, so that the real-time high-speed cleaning of the polishing debris is realized;
as shown in fig. 5, the rotation of the main shaft 5 drives the fan shaft 162 to rotate synchronously under the driving action of the belt pulley mechanism 163, so that the high-speed rotation of the fan blades 161 at the bottom end of the fan shaft 162 generates an air flow, and the air flow mostly flows into the air hose 16 right below the fan shaft and enters the transparent cover 9 through the air hose 16, thereby ensuring the efficient cooling of the polishing environment, and the air flow can be matched with the air suction operation of the suction hole, so that the inside of the transparent cover 9 is in a relatively stable pressure state, and the design is more reasonable.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.