CN110741998A - Novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological breeding system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system, including a culture pond and a culture tank; a cement wall is arranged in the middle of the culture pond, and the cement wall divides the left and right of the culture pond into a plant purification area and filter-feeding fish Class breeding area; the breeding tank is located at one end of the cement wall. The functional area distribution of the system is obvious, which is convenient for daily management, and can realize the whole-process monitoring of the breeding process, which solves the problem that the functional division of the circulating water ecological breeding system in the existing pond is not obvious. It can realize system water layer exchange, aquaculture water circulation and water oxygenation, and the aquaculture water is the circulating water inside the aquaculture pond, which is not discharged outside, and has no pollution to the surrounding environment. Circulating water ecological aquaculture system The effect of circulating water ecological aquaculture is not comprehensive.

Description

A new type of pond industrialized circulating water ecological aquaculture system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and more specifically relates to a novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system.

Background technique

my country is the only major fishery producing country in the world whose aquaculture output exceeds fishing output. This special industrial structure and the continuous decline of fishery resources determine that my country's aquaculture industry will be dominated by high-tech aquaculture technology in the future. Industrialized high-density aquaculture As the main mode, it can meet the demand and supply of aquatic products for my country's huge population, and provide better quality aquatic ingredients for improving the dietary structure. With the dismantling of large-surface cage culture, pond culture has gradually become the dominant mode of aquaculture in my country. However, due to the shortage of land and water resources, farmers keep increasing the stocking density in order to reduce the cost of aquaculture, although the production of aquaculture has increased significantly. However, the growth of this kind of output mainly depends on the input of more compound feed. Since the conversion efficiency of compound feed is 30-40%, it means that 60-70% of the feed is digested and absorbed into feces, causing water environmental pollution and accompanying A large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus are produced, which are directly excreted into the aquaculture water body, resulting in serious eutrophication of the aquaculture water body, and a large amount of untreated aquaculture wastewater has caused the ecological environment of the surrounding waters to continue to deteriorate. At the same time, the traditional pond culture method requires a lot of labor, which is not conducive to mechanized operation and intelligent management. Therefore, there is an urgent need to speed up technological innovation, improve the level of modern fishery aquaculture, strengthen the protection of resources and the environment, achieve the harmony and unity of aquaculture, resources and environment, and promote the sustainable development of fishery.

For example, in the patent with application number: CN201721320658.6, a circulating water ecological breeding system is disclosed, which belongs to the technical field of high-density aquatic product breeding. The circulating water ecological culture system of the invention includes a culture pond, a layered water injection system, a sewage filter tank, a sewage collection tank, and an ecological purification tank; the layered water injection system introduces water from the top of the water surface and underwater of the culture tank, and the culture residue It is pushed to the rear end of the culturing pond, and then filtered and purified through the sewage collecting pond, the sewage filtering pond, and the ecological purification pond in sequence, and the purified water is injected into the culturing pond through the layered water injection system. The present invention forms flow circulating water culture, simulates river live water culture, and solves the problem of high levels of harmful substances such as nitrous acid and ammonia nitrogen caused by excessive accumulation of fish excrement and feed residues at the bottom of the culture pond.

In recent years, there have been many reports on the circulating water ecological aquaculture systems in ponds. Although these systems improve the level of mechanized operation, facilitate operation and management, are more efficient than traditional pond culture methods, and improve the quality of aquaculture products, there are still many shortcomings. For example, there is no manure collection system; the breeding zone is not obvious, and it is not easy to catch; the purification effect of aquaculture water is not ideal; the system design is too complicated and the operability is poor.

Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a new type of pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system is provided, in order to achieve a more practical purpose.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a new type of pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system to solve the problems that the function division of the circulating water ecological culture system in the existing pond is not obvious and the effect of circulating water ecological culture is not comprehensive.

The purpose and effect of the pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

A new type of pond industrialized circulating water ecological culturing system, comprising a culturing pond, a culturing tank and a water-pushing oxygenation device; a cement wall is arranged in the middle of the cultivating pond, and the cement wall divides the cultivating pond into a plant purification area and a filter-feeding fish culture area; the cement wall divides the upper and lower parts of the culture pond into a fish culture area and a flowing water channel; the culture tank is located at one end of the cement wall; the water pushing and aeration device is fixedly connected to one end of the culture tank .

Further, the fish farming area is mainly a plurality of runway-type flowing water culture tanks, and the culture tank is 20-25 meters long, 5-10 meters wide, and 2.5-3 meters high.

Further, the water inlet end of the culturing tank is provided with a culturing pond, and the water pushing aeration device is made up of a water pushing device and an automatic oxygenation device, and the water pushing aeration device is installed on the water inlet end of the culturing pond.

Further, the water outlet of the culturing tank is provided with a sewage collection tank, and the outlet of the sewage collection tank is equipped with a filter screen with a diameter of 1 mm.

Further, a hydroponic plant bed is arranged in the plant purification zone, and a microbial inoculum is put in.

Further, the filter-feeding fish culture area is stocked with filter-feeding fish, diatoms, chlorella and other seedlings.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

First of all, the breeding density of the breeding pond in the breeding tank of the device is 300-600 tails/m3. The breeding density is high, the floor space is small, the water and energy saving can be greatly improved, and the breeding efficiency can be greatly improved, and the functional area distribution is obvious, which is convenient for daily management. It can realize the whole-process monitoring of the breeding process, and the runway-type breeding pond can facilitate the observation of the daily conditions of the cultured fish and the feeding of feed, which improves the practicability and adaptability of the device, and solves the problem of the functional division of the existing circulating water ecological breeding system in the pond. Obvious problem.

Secondly, the water inlet end of the aquaculture tank is equipped with a push water system and an automatic aerator, which can realize the exchange of the system water layer, the circulation of the aquaculture water body and the oxygenation of the water body, and the aquaculture water is the circulating water inside the aquaculture pond, which is not discharged outside. The surrounding environment is pollution-free, which truly realizes ecological breeding, improves the environmental protection of the system, and solves the problem that the effect of circulating water ecological breeding in the existing circulating water ecological breeding system in the pond is not comprehensive.

At the same time, there is a sewage collecting tank at the end of the breeding tank, which can effectively treat the harmful substances such as feed residues and feces generated in the breeding tank effectively and centrally, which can reduce the treatment cost and pressure of the water quality treatment area, and further optimize the effect of circulating water. .

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the culture tank of the present invention.

In the figure, the corresponding relationship between component names and drawing numbers is:

1. Aquaculture pond; 2. Cement wall; 3. Aquaculture tank; 301, breeding pond; 302, sewage collection tank;

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by , "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, not An indication or implication that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, is not to be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection. Ground connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example:

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2:

The present invention provides a novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culturing system, which includes a culturing pond 1, a culturing tank 3 and a water-pushing oxygen-enhancing device 4; a cement wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culturing pond 1, and the cement wall 2 connects the aquaculture pond 1 is divided into a plant purification area 101 and a filter-feeding fish culture area 102 on the left and right; the cement wall 2 divides the upper and lower parts of the culture pond 1 into a fish culture area 103 and a flowing water channel 104; the culture tank 3 is located at one end of the cement wall 2; The oxygenation device 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the culture tank 3 .

Among them, the fish farming area 103 is mainly composed of a plurality of runway-type flowing water culture tanks 3, and the culture tanks 3 are 20-25 meters long, 5-10 meters wide, and 2.5-3 meters high. As shown in FIG. Mainly stock feeding fish, such as bream, crucian carp, tilapia, etc. The breeding density is 300-600 fish/m3, the breeding density is high, the area is small, water saving and energy saving, which can greatly improve the breeding efficiency.

Wherein, the water inlet end of the culturing tank 3 is provided with a culturing pond 301, and the water pushing oxygenation device 4 is composed of a water pushing device and an automatic oxygenation device, and the water pushing oxygenation device 4 is installed at the water inlet end of the culturing pond 301, such as As shown in Figure 2, this design can realize the functions of system water layer exchange, culture water circulation and water body oxygenation. The culture water body in the culture pond 1 is driven by the water pushing device of the underwater pushing water oxygenation device 4, and the water body is driven from the runway. The type breeding tank 301 passes through the fecal impurity collection tank 302, then successively enters the plant purification area 101 and the filter-feeding fish breeding area 102, and finally returns to the main fish breeding area 103, thereby completing the process of the closed cycle of the breeding water, making the system circulate The aquatic ecological aquaculture system is more perfect, which improves the practicability of the system.

Among them, the water outlet end of the culture tank 3 is provided with a sewage collection tank 302, and the outlet of the sewage collection tank 302 is equipped with a filter screen with a diameter of 1 mm. As shown in FIG. The collection of fish excrement and regular cleaning can effectively reduce the growth of bacteria, make the water body in the breeding pond 1 cleaner, and reduce the mortality rate of fry and fish body.

Among them, a hydroponic plant bed is set in the plant purification area 101, and microbial inoculants are put in. According to the actual situation, some vegetables or aquatic plants with water purification effect can be mainly planted, and the microbial inoculum is put in according to the water quality conditions for removing N and P nutrients in water and organic pollutants and toxic and harmful substances in decomposed water.

Among them, the filter-feeding fish breeding area 102 is stocked with filter-feeding fish, diatoms, chlorella and other seedlings, and the filter-feeding fish can be put in silver carp, bighead carp, etc., which can effectively remove the treated water in the plant purification area 101. The resulting biological flocs, while diatoms, chlorella and other seedlings reproduce beneficial microalgae, which can deeply purify water quality and maintain the ecological balance of aquaculture water.

The specific usage mode and function of this embodiment:

In the present invention, the breeding pond 1 is a conventional fish breeding pond, the pond area is 400 mu, and the pond depth is 2.5 m. The cement culture tank 3 is connected and formed. The average water depth in the culture tank 3 is 2.2m, and the remaining water area is divided into two parts by the cement wall 2, which are respectively set as the plant purification area 101 and the filter-feeding fish culture area 102. The fish culture area 103 The juvenile dory was placed in 40 breeding ponds 301, and the initial stocking density was 600 fish/m3, and the remaining 10 breeding ponds 301 did not put fish at the initial stage, mainly to facilitate the adjustment of the density of fish in the later stage. The water inlet of the culturing pond 301 is equipped with a water-push oxygenation device 4, which is used to promote water exchange and aeration and oxygenation in the pond. The residue and dirt in the sewage collection tank 302 are regularly removed, and the filter screen is also cleaned and replaced. The plant purification area 101 is provided with a number of hydroponic beds, mainly constructed of PVC pipes and polyethylene braids, for growing aquatic vegetables such as leeks, perilla, cress, and feeding aquatic plants such as duckweed and hornwort. At the same time, the water quality in the purification area is regularly tested, and an appropriate amount of microbial preparation can be added according to the actual situation. Hydroponic plants should be harvested and updated regularly to absorb and remove nutrients such as N and P from the water as much as possible. The filter-feeding fish culture area 102 is mainly stocked with filter-feeding fish such as silver carp, carp and bighead carp, and the stocking density is based on the water quality. adjust the situation. At the same time, beneficial microalgae such as chlorella and diatom are put in for reproduction to further purify the water quality. Feeding is not required in this area. During the breeding process, the aquaculture water should be tested and regulated strictly according to the "Water Quality Standard for Fisheries" (GB11607-1989), and at the same time, the health status and feeding situation of the fish in the main fish breeding area 103 should be observed regularly. Exceptions should be handled in a timely manner. During the breeding process, as the body weight of the cultured fish continues to increase, the density of each fish pond should be appropriately adjusted according to the actual situation to avoid hypoxia or even death due to excessive density.

The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use.

Claims (6)

1. a novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culturing system, is characterized in that: comprise cultivating pond (1), culturing trough (3) and pushing water oxygenation device (4); There is a cement wall (2), and the cement wall (2) divides the culture pond (1) into a plant purification area (101) and a filter-feeding fish culture area (102); The upper and lower parts of the pond (1) are divided into a fish farming area (103) and a flowing water channel (104); the culture tank (3) is located at one end of the cement wall (2); the water-pushing aeration device (4) is fixedly connected to the One end of the breeding tank (3). 2. novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fish farming area (103) is mainly a plurality of runway type flowing water culture tanks (3), and culture tank (3) is long 20 -25 meters, 5-10 meters wide, 2.5-3 meters high. 3. novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culturing system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water inlet end of described culturing tank (3) is provided with culturing pond (301), and described pushing water oxygenation device (4) It is composed of a water pushing device and an automatic oxygenation device, and the water pushing and oxygenation device (4) is installed at the water inlet end of the culture pond (301). 4. The novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water outlet end of the culture tank (3) is provided with a sewage collection tank (302), and the sewage collection tank (302) is equipped with a water outlet. It is equipped with a filter screen with a mesh diameter of 1 mm. 5. The novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hydroponic plant bed is arranged in the plant purification area (101), and a microbial inoculum is put in. 6. The novel pond industrialized circulating water ecological culture system according to claim 1, wherein the filter-feeding fish culture area (102) is stocked with filter-feeding fish, diatoms, and chlorella seed.

Images