CN110725847A

CN110725847A - Anti-loosening screw fastener

Info

Publication number: CN110725847A
Application number: CN201911172510.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋建伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

A locking screw fastener comprises a screw, a ratchet wheel and a stop ring, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixed on the screw, the stop ring is fixed on the end face of a workpiece and is right opposite to a threaded hole of the workpiece, a locking opening is formed in the side wall of the stop ring in the axial direction of the stop ring, a stop pawl matched with the ratchet wheel is arranged in the locking opening, the stop pawl is rotatably connected with the stop ring, and an elastic piece which abuts against the stop pawl to rotate inwards to extend into a central hole of the stop ring is arranged between the stop pawl and the inner wall of the locking opening; when the screw is screwed in the forward direction to be screwed into the threaded hole of the workpiece, the ratchet wheel enters the stop ring, the stop pawl slides on the tooth back of the ratchet wheel, and when the screw is screwed in the reverse direction, the ratchet wheel and the stop pawl are clamped with each other, so that the screw cannot be screwed out of the threaded hole, the stop pawl can be pulled outwards to withdraw from the tooth space of the ratchet wheel, and the screw can be rotated in the reverse direction to screw out of the threaded hole. The invention has simple structure and good anti-loosening effect.

Description

Anti-loosening screw fastener

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, in particular to a loosening-preventing screw fastener.

Background

The bolt and the nut are the most common fasteners and are generally applied to various fields, the bolt and the nut are connected by threads, and the self-locking capacity between the bolt and the nut comes from the matching of internal threads and external threads.

In a relatively stable place, the matching between the bolt and the nut is relatively fixed, and the loosening condition cannot easily occur, but in some special use environments, such as the use in a vibration environment, the use in a strong motion environment, the use in equipment with high assembly requirements and the use in other special environments, the self-locking capability after the bolt is in threaded connection is not enough to maintain the stability of the bolt, in life, more common in large vehicles, bolts are needed to be used for connecting and fixing among a plurality of parts on the vehicles (because the application positions are relatively fixed, the specifications of the bolts are uniform, so the bolt fasteners can be produced in batches), the shaking ground can cause the shaking of the vehicle body during the driving process of the large vehicles, in a long term, the loosening condition can occur in the connection between the bolt and the nut, and the loosening of the fasteners can directly influence the normal work of the relevant parts of the vehicles, thereby easily causing malfunction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the anti-loosening screw fastener which is simple in structure and good in anti-loosening performance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a locking screw fastener comprises a screw, a ratchet wheel and a stop ring, wherein the ratchet wheel is fixed on the upper part of the screw, the stop ring is fixed on the end surface of a workpiece and is right opposite to a threaded hole of the workpiece, a locking opening is formed in the side wall of the stop ring in the axial direction of the stop ring, a stop pawl matched with the ratchet wheel is arranged in the locking opening, the stop pawl is rotatably connected with the stop ring, and an elastic piece which is abutted against the stop pawl and rotates inwards to extend into a central hole of the stop ring is arranged between the stop pawl and the inner wall of the locking opening; when the screw is screwed in the positive direction and the screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the workpiece, the ratchet wheel enters the stop ring, the stop pawl slides on the tooth back of the ratchet wheel, and when the screw is screwed in the negative direction, the ratchet wheel and the stop pawl are mutually clamped, so that the screw cannot be screwed out of the threaded hole, the stop pawl can be outwards pulled to withdraw from the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel, and then the screw can be screwed out of the threaded hole by rotating the screw in the negative direction.

Furthermore, the stopping pawl comprises a pawl part extending into a central hole of the stopping ring and a rod part connected with the pawl part, the pawl part is rotatably connected with the stopping ring, the elastic part is installed between the pawl part and the inner wall of the locking opening, and the rod part is pulled outwards, so that the pawl part can rotate outwards to withdraw from the tooth space of the ratchet wheel by overcoming the elasticity of the elastic part.

Furthermore, a shaft is vertically fixed in the locking opening, a certain distance is reserved between the shaft and two ends of the locking opening, and the claw part of the stopping pawl is rotatably connected with the stopping ring through the shaft.

As for the structure of the aforementioned elastic member, the following three structures can be adopted:

one end of the torsion spring is abutted against the inner wall of the locking port, and the other end of the torsion spring is abutted against the claw part of the stopping pawl;

a spring is arranged between the claw part of the stopping pawl and the inner wall of the locking opening, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the stopping pawl, and the spring is in a compressed state;

and thirdly, a leaf spring is arranged between the claw part of the stopping pawl and the inner wall of the locking opening, one end of the leaf spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening, and one end of the leaf spring is abutted against the claw part of the stopping pawl.

The following three fixing methods can be adopted for the stop ring:

firstly, the stop ring is fixed on the end surface of a workpiece in a welding mode;

secondly, the outer surface of the stop ring is polygonal, a polygonal stop groove matched with the stop ring is formed in the position, right opposite to the threaded hole, on the end face of the workpiece, the stop ring is tightly arranged in the stop groove, and the locking opening is exposed out of the stop groove;

and thirdly, the bottom end of the stop ring is connected with a plurality of stop pins, stop holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the stop pins are formed in the end face of the workpiece, and when the stop ring is aligned to a threaded hole in the workpiece and put down, the stop pins are respectively inserted into the corresponding stop holes.

Preferably, the arc length of the locking notch is one third of the circumference.

When the anti-loosening screw fastener provided by the invention is used for connecting two workpieces, the stop ring is welded on the end surface of the workpiece opposite to the threaded hole of the workpiece, and then the screw is screwed in the threaded holes of the two workpieces in the forward direction. After the screw fastener is installed, two workpieces are connected very firmly, and even if the workpieces are in vibration or strong motion environments and the like, the stop pawl can effectively prevent the ratchet wheel from reversing, so that the screw basically cannot rotate reversely, namely the screw cannot loosen. Obviously, the screw fastener disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and good in anti-loosening performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a locking screw fastener according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ratchet and the retaining ring of the anti-loosening screw fastener of the present invention assembled together;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the locking pawl of the anti-loosening screw fastener of the present invention being pulled outwardly;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a retaining ring of the anti-loosening screw fastener according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the anti-loosening screw fastener according to the present invention in use.

The reference signs are:

a-workpiece

1-screw 2-ratchet wheel 3-stop ring

3 a-locking opening 4-locking pawl 4 a-claw part

4 b-rod 5-shaft 6-spring.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, or interconnected between two elements, directly or indirectly through intervening media, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to their specific situation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a locking screw fastener includes a screw 1, a ratchet 2 and a stop ring 3, the ratchet 2 is fixed on the upper portion of the screw 1, specifically, the ratchet 2 is sleeved on the screw rod of the screw 1 and is close to the head of the screw 1, here, it should be noted that, the screw 1 in this embodiment may adopt a step screw, the ratchet 2 may be fixed on the step portion of the step screw by interference press-in or welding, a locking opening 3a is opened on the side wall of the stop ring 3 around the axial direction of the stop ring 3, a stop pawl 4 matching with the ratchet 2 is provided in the locking opening 3a, the stopping pawl 4 is used for preventing the ratchet wheel 2 from reversely rotating, the stopping pawl 4 is connected with the stopping ring 3 in a rotating mode, and an elastic piece which abuts against the stopping pawl 4 and rotates inwards to extend into a central hole of the stopping ring 3 is installed between the stopping pawl 4 and the inner wall of the locking opening 3 a. After the ratchet wheel 2 and the stop ring 3 are assembled together as shown in fig. 2, the stopping pawl 4 is inserted between the tooth grooves of the ratchet wheel 2, at this time, the ratchet wheel 2 is rotated forward relative to the stop ring 3 (clockwise direction in fig. 2), the stopping pawl 4 slides on the tooth back of the ratchet wheel 2, but when the ratchet wheel 2 is reversed (counterclockwise direction in fig. 2), the stopping pawl 4 is locked between the tooth grooves of the ratchet wheel 2, so that the ratchet wheel 2 cannot be reversed, and if the ratchet wheel 2 is reversed, the stopping pawl 4 is pushed outwards to withdraw from the tooth grooves of the ratchet wheel 2 as shown in fig. 3, and the reverse locking of the ratchet wheel 2 by the stopping pawl 4 is released.

When the anti-loosening screw fastener provided by the above embodiment is used for connecting two workpieces a, as shown in fig. 5, the stop ring 3 is welded on the end face of the workpiece a opposite to the threaded hole of the workpiece a, and then the screw 1 is screwed into the threaded holes of the two workpieces a in the forward direction, in the process, the ratchet 2 rotates forward relative to the stop ring 3 and enters the central hole of the stop ring 3, the stop pawl 4 slides on the back of the tooth of the ratchet 2, and after the screw 1 is screwed to the bottom, the stop pawl 4 stays between the tooth grooves of the ratchet 2, and at this time, the installation is completed. After the screw fastener in the embodiment is installed, the two workpieces A are firmly connected, and even if the workpieces A are in vibration or strong motion and other environments, the stop pawl 4 can effectively prevent the ratchet wheel 2 from reversely rotating, so that the screw 1 basically cannot reversely rotate, namely the screw 1 cannot loosen. Obviously, the screw fastener in the present embodiment has excellent anti-loosening performance.

To facilitate the shifting of the stopping pawl 4, the structure of the stopping pawl 4 in the present embodiment is as follows: the stopping pawl 4 comprises a pawl part 4a extending into the central hole of the stopping ring 3 and a rod part 4b connected with the pawl part 4a, the pawl part 4a is rotatably connected with the stopping ring 3, an elastic piece is arranged between the pawl part 4a and the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, and the rod part 4b is pulled outwards, so that the pawl part 4a can overcome the elastic force of the elastic piece to rotate outwards to withdraw from the tooth space of the ratchet 2.

In the present embodiment, the simplest rotational connection mode is adopted between the stopping pawl 4 and the stopping ring 3, specifically, a shaft 5 is vertically fixed in the locking opening 3a, the shaft 5 has a distance from both ends of the locking opening 3a, and the pawl portion 4a of the stopping pawl 4 is rotationally connected with the stopping ring 3 through the shaft 5.

When the elastic piece is selected, the structure can be selected from various structures, such as the following three structures:

firstly, a torsion spring is arranged on the shaft 5, one end of the torsion spring abuts against the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, and the other end abuts against the claw part 4a of the stopping pawl 4;

secondly, as shown in fig. 1, a spring 6 is arranged between the claw part 4a of the stopping pawl 4 and the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, one end of the spring 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, the other end of the spring 6 is fixedly connected with the stopping pawl 4, and the spring 6 is in a compressed state;

thirdly, a leaf spring is arranged between the claw part 4a of the stopping pawl 4 and the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, one end of the leaf spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening 3a, and one end of the leaf spring is abutted against the claw part 4a of the stopping pawl 4.

In the present invention, when the fixing mode of the snap ring 3 is selected, the following two modes can be adopted in addition to the welding mode described in the above embodiment:

firstly, as shown in fig. 4, the outer surface of the stop ring 3 is hexagonal, a hexagonal stop groove matched with the stop ring 3 is formed in the end surface of the workpiece a at a position opposite to the threaded hole, the stop ring 3 is tightly arranged in the stop groove, and the locking opening 3a is exposed out of the stop groove;

secondly, the bottom end of the stop ring 3 is connected with a plurality of stop pins, stop holes corresponding to the stop pins one to one are formed in the end face of the workpiece A, and when the stop ring is aligned with the threaded holes in the workpiece A and put down, the stop pins are respectively inserted into the corresponding stop holes.

It should be noted that the arc length of the locking opening 3a is not necessarily too small, and preferably, the arc length of the locking opening 3a is one third of the circumference of the stopper ring 3.

The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Some of the drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified to facilitate the understanding of the improvements over the prior art by those skilled in the art, and some other elements have been omitted from this document for the sake of clarity, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such omitted elements may also constitute the subject matter of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking screw fastener, includes screw (1), its characterized in that: the locking mechanism is characterized by further comprising a ratchet wheel (2) and a stop ring (3), wherein the ratchet wheel (2) is fixed on the upper portion of the screw (1), the stop ring (3) is fixed on the end face of the workpiece (A) and is right opposite to a threaded hole of the workpiece (A), a locking opening (3 a) is formed in the side wall of the stop ring (3) in the axial direction of the stop ring (3), a stop pawl (4) matched with the ratchet wheel (2) is arranged in the locking opening (3 a), the stop pawl (4) is rotatably connected with the stop ring (3), and an elastic piece which abuts against the stop pawl (4) and rotates inwards to extend into a central hole of the stop ring (3) is installed between the stop pawl (4) and the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a); move is twisted in the positive direction during screw (1) makes its screw in during the screw hole of work piece (A), ratchet (2) get into stop ring (3), stop pawl (4) slide on the back of the tooth of ratchet (2), twist in the opposite direction and move during screw (1), mutual chucking between ratchet (2) and stop pawl (4) makes screw (1) can't be followed the screw hole and unscrewed, can make it withdraw from between the tooth's socket of ratchet (2) through stirring stop pawl (4) outwards, and then can rotate screw (1) in the opposite direction and unscrew from the screw hole with screw (1).

2. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the locking pawl (4) comprises a pawl part (4 a) extending into a center hole of the locking ring (3) and a rod part (4 b) connected with the pawl part (4 a), the pawl part (4 a) is rotatably connected with the locking ring (3), the elastic piece is installed between the pawl part (4 a) and the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), and the rod part (4 b) is pulled outwards, so that the pawl part (4 a) can rotate outwards to withdraw from the tooth space of the ratchet wheel (2) against the elastic force of the elastic piece.

3. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 2, wherein: a shaft (5) is vertically fixed in the locking opening (3 a), a distance is reserved between the shaft (5) and the two ends of the locking opening (3 a), and the claw part (4 a) of the stopping pawl (4) is rotatably connected with the stop ring (3) through the shaft (5).

4. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 3, wherein: a torsion spring is mounted on the shaft (5), one end of the torsion spring abuts against the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), and the other end of the torsion spring abuts against the claw part (4 a) of the stopping pawl (4).

5. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 3, wherein: a spring (6) is arranged between the claw part (4 a) of the stopping pawl (4) and the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), one end of the spring (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), the other end of the spring (6) is fixedly connected with the stopping pawl (4), and the spring (6) is in a compressed state.

6. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 3, wherein: a leaf spring is arranged between the claw part (4 a) of the stopping pawl (4) and the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), one end of the leaf spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the locking opening (3 a), and one end of the leaf spring is abutted against the claw part (4 a) of the stopping pawl (4).

7. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the stop ring (3) is fixed on the end face of the workpiece (A) in a welding mode.

8. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the outer surface of the stop ring (3) is polygonal, a polygonal stop groove matched with the stop ring (3) is formed in the position, right opposite to the threaded hole, on the end face of the workpiece (A), the stop ring (3) is tightly arranged in the stop groove, and the locking opening (3 a) is exposed out of the stop groove.

9. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the bottom end of the stop ring (3) is connected with a plurality of stop pins, stop holes corresponding to the stop pins one to one are formed in the end face of the workpiece (A), and when the stop ring is aligned with the threaded holes in the workpiece (A) and is placed down, the stop pins are respectively inserted into the corresponding stop holes.

10. The anti-loosening screw fastener according to claim 7, wherein: the arc length of the locking opening (3 a) is one third of the circumference.