CN110725382B - Ground rainwater diversion system for sponge city construction and application method - Google Patents
Ground rainwater diversion system for sponge city construction and application method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于海绵城市建设的地面雨水导流系统及应用方法，其包括导流装置和地下蓄释层，导流装置与地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接，所述导流装置包括竖直中空的导流管，导流管的上方设有面盖，面盖为导流管的进水口，导流管与面盖连接处还设有截污滤材，导流管的下方设有底板，底板作为导流管的出水口；导流管的竖直中空内设有至少一层过滤层。本发明的系统可以解决海绵城市建设中雨水可自然的收集与利用，工程量小，施工灵活，不受地势和原有设计的限制，就地吸纳，就地补给，无需外力，施工时最小程度影响小区居民日的常生活，使用寿命长，维护频次低，维护成本低，无二次污染及附带的其他环境影响，有效缓解城市内涝、雨水流失的问题。
The invention discloses a ground rainwater diversion system and application method for sponge city construction, which includes a diversion device and an underground storage and release layer, the diversion device and the underground storage and release layer are directly connected vertically up and down, the diversion device includes a vertical hollow diversion pipe, a surface cover is provided above the diversion pipe, the surface cover is the water inlet of the diversion pipe, a sewage interception filter material is also provided at the connection between the diversion pipe and the surface cover, a bottom plate is provided below the diversion pipe, the bottom plate serves as the water outlet of the diversion pipe; at least one filter layer is provided in the vertical hollow of the diversion pipe. The system of the invention can solve the problem that rainwater can be naturally collected and utilized in the construction of sponge cities, with a small amount of engineering, flexible construction, not restricted by terrain and original design, local absorption and local replenishment, no external force is required, the daily life of community residents is minimally affected during construction, long service life, low maintenance frequency, low maintenance cost, no secondary pollution and other incidental environmental impacts, and effectively alleviate the problems of urban waterlogging and rainwater loss.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于城市雨水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种用于海绵城市建设中的地面雨水导流装置结构的改进。The invention belongs to the technical field of urban rainwater treatment, and particularly relates to an improvement in the structure of a ground rainwater diversion device used in sponge city construction.
背景技术Background Art
世界范围内，水资源不足，洪涝灾害频发，水环境恶化的问题愈演愈烈。而当今中国城市的快速发展和建设，原有的植被和土壤被不透水地面代替，破坏了原本的自然水循环，造成大量雨水（最大的淡水资源）流失，地下水从降雨中获得的补给逐年减少，地下水枯竭。城市化进程的推进，造成地面硬化，也使得土壤的含水量减少，蒸发量下降空气越发干燥，加剧热岛效应，使得水生态环境日益恶化，例如市政道路、公共服务区域、老旧小区、户外场馆等区域暴雨时节易产生积水，同时因为老旧区域管网陈旧，雨水通过地势对区域雨水管网造成极大的压力，导致内涝形成。小区积水问题由来已久，每当暴雨时都会造成大面积路面积水，有时路面积水甚至倒灌至小区商铺内，给小区居民的出行交通和财产安全造成了很大影响。近年来储水模块、下沉式绿地、渗透塘等传统方式海绵化改造开始受到关注并迅速建成，传统方式考虑因素多，且功能单一受场地区域和路面下条件限制、其改造复杂、改造工程量及难度大、蓄释过程容易造成二次污染、设备多样、性价比低、且后续维护成本较高。Worldwide, water resources are insufficient, floods and waterlogging disasters occur frequently, and the problem of water environment deterioration is getting worse. However, with the rapid development and construction of Chinese cities today, the original vegetation and soil have been replaced by impermeable ground, which has destroyed the original natural water cycle and caused a large amount of rainwater (the largest freshwater resource) to be lost. The replenishment of groundwater from rainfall has decreased year by year, and groundwater has dried up. The advancement of urbanization has caused the ground to harden, which has also reduced the water content of the soil. The evaporation has decreased, the air has become drier, and the heat island effect has intensified, making the water ecological environment worse. For example, municipal roads, public service areas, old communities, outdoor venues and other areas are prone to waterlogging during heavy rains. At the same time, because the pipe network in old areas is outdated, rainwater passes through the terrain to put great pressure on the regional rainwater pipe network, leading to waterlogging. The problem of waterlogging in the community has a long history. Whenever there is a heavy rain, it will cause large areas of road waterlogging. Sometimes the road waterlogging even flows back into the community shops, which has a great impact on the travel and property safety of community residents. In recent years, traditional sponge transformation methods such as water storage modules, sunken green spaces, and infiltration ponds have begun to attract attention and have been rapidly built. Traditional methods have many factors to consider, and their single function is limited by site area and road conditions. Their transformation is complex, the amount of transformation work is large and the difficulty is large. The storage and release process is prone to secondary pollution, the equipment is diverse, the cost-effectiveness is low, and the subsequent maintenance cost is high.
海绵城市让城市像海绵一样，在适应环境变化和应对自然灾害等方面具有良好的“弹性”，下雨时可以吸水、蓄水、渗水、净水，需要时将蓄存的水“释放”出来。从源头上减少雨水地表径流，既解决了城市“看海”问题，又解决了整个生态环境问题。Sponge City makes the city like a sponge, with good "elasticity" in adapting to environmental changes and responding to natural disasters. It can absorb water, store water, infiltrate water, and purify water when it rains, and "release" the stored water when needed. Reducing rainwater surface runoff from the source not only solves the problem of "looking at the sea" in the city, but also solves the entire ecological environment problem.
但是现有的海绵城市建设中的海绵工程多是采用虹吸原理，工程量不仅大，而且现场施工面积较大、也比较复杂，尤其是受地势和原有设计的限制，仅能就地吸纳、就地补给，且雨水导流装置维护成本较高且频次较多，容易造成二次污染及附带的其他环境影响（如已收集雨水二次污染，明水面滋生蚊虫等问题）等相关问题。However, most of the sponge projects in the existing sponge city construction adopt the siphon principle. Not only is the project volume large, but the on-site construction area is also large and complex. In particular, due to the limitations of the terrain and the original design, it can only absorb and replenish on-site, and the maintenance cost of the rainwater diversion device is high and the maintenance frequency is high, which can easily cause secondary pollution and other incidental environmental impacts (such as secondary pollution of collected rainwater, mosquito breeding on open water surfaces, etc.) and other related problems.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种用于海绵城市建设中的地面雨水导流系统及应用方法，该系统可以解决海绵城市建设中雨水可自然的收集与利用，工程量小，施工灵活，不受地势和原有设计的限制，就地吸纳，就地补给，无需外力，施工时最小程度影响小区居民日的常生活，使用寿命长，维护频次低，维护成本低，无二次污染及附带的其他环境影响（如已收集雨水二次污染，明水面滋生蚊虫等问题）有效缓解城市内涝、雨水（淡水）流失的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground rainwater diversion system and an application method for use in sponge city construction. The system can solve the problem of natural collection and utilization of rainwater in sponge city construction, with small engineering workload, flexible construction, no restrictions on terrain and original design, on-site absorption and on-site replenishment, no need for external force, minimal impact on the daily lives of community residents during construction, long service life, low maintenance frequency, low maintenance cost, no secondary pollution and other incidental environmental impacts (such as secondary pollution of collected rainwater, breeding of mosquitoes on open water surfaces, etc.), and effectively alleviate the problems of urban waterlogging and rainwater (fresh water) loss.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案，用于海绵城市建设的地面雨水导流系统，包括导流装置和地下蓄释层，导流装置与地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接，即非虹吸非虹吸原理的连接方式，所述导流装置包括竖直中空的导流管，导流管的上方设有面盖，面盖为导流管的进水口，导流管与面盖通过嵌入连接或套盖连接或可拆卸式免焊卡扣连接，导流管与面盖连接处还设有截污滤材，导流管的下方设有底板，底板作为导流管的出水口，底板上设有多个导水口；导流管的竖直中空内设有至少一层过滤层。To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme, which is a ground rainwater diversion system for sponge city construction, including a diversion device and an underground storage and release layer. The diversion device and the underground storage and release layer are directly vertically connected up and down, that is, a connection method based on the non-siphon and non-siphon principle. The diversion device includes a vertical hollow diversion pipe, a surface cover is provided above the diversion pipe, and the surface cover is a water inlet of the diversion pipe. The diversion pipe and the surface cover are connected by an embedded connection, a sleeve connection, or a detachable welding-free snap-on connection. A pollution interception filter material is also provided at the connection between the diversion pipe and the surface cover. A bottom plate is provided below the diversion pipe, and the bottom plate serves as a water outlet of the diversion pipe. A plurality of water diversion ports are provided on the bottom plate; at least one filter layer is provided in the vertical hollow of the diversion pipe.
优选地，导流管下方的底板与导流管一体成型，或底板与导流管下方的管壁卡扣连接；或底板与导流管下方的管壁焊接连接。Preferably, the bottom plate below the flow guide tube is integrally formed with the flow guide tube, or the bottom plate is snap-connected to the tube wall below the flow guide tube; or the bottom plate is welded to the tube wall below the flow guide tube.
优选地，所述的底板为水平直板或圆弧形曲板。Preferably, the bottom plate is a horizontal straight plate or an arc-shaped curved plate.
进一步地，所述导流管的竖直中空内设有一层渗透防冻材料层，渗透防冻材料层的下方为底板，底板与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接。Furthermore, a layer of permeable antifreeze material is provided in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe, and below the permeable antifreeze material layer is a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is directly vertically connected to the underground storage and release layer located below the bottom plate.
进一步地，所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层，生物过滤净化材料层的下方为底板，底板与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接。Furthermore, a permeable antifreeze material layer and a biological filtration purification material layer are sequentially arranged in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and below the biological filtration purification material layer is a bottom plate, which is directly vertically connected to an underground storage and release layer located below the bottom plate.
进一步地，所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层、生物营养材料层，生物营养材料层的下方为底板，底板与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接。Furthermore, a permeable antifreeze material layer, a biological filtration purification material layer, and a biological nutrient material layer are sequentially arranged in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and below the biological nutrient material layer is a bottom plate, which is directly vertically connected to an underground storage and release layer located below the bottom plate.
进一步地，所述导流管的管壁上还设有多个导流孔，导流孔设在导流管上方的管壁上和/或设在导流管下方的管壁上。Furthermore, a plurality of flow guiding holes are provided on the pipe wall of the flow guiding pipe, and the flow guiding holes are provided on the pipe wall above the flow guiding pipe and/or on the pipe wall below the flow guiding pipe.
优选地，所述导流孔为竖条形或圆孔状，按圆周方式均布在管壁上。Preferably, the guide holes are in the shape of vertical bars or circular holes and are evenly distributed on the tube wall in a circumferential manner.
优选地，所述的面盖的外周尺寸小于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖嵌入在导流管的进水口处。Preferably, the outer circumference of the surface cover is smaller than the outer circumference of the flow guide pipe, and the surface cover is embedded in the water inlet of the flow guide pipe.
优选地，所述的面盖的外周尺寸大于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖套盖在导流管的进水口处。Preferably, the outer circumference of the surface cover is larger than the outer circumference of the flow guide pipe, and the surface cover is covered on the water inlet of the flow guide pipe.
优选地，所述的面盖的外周尺寸大于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖的截面为梯形状，面盖内部设有卡扣或卡槽，导流管的管壁上设有适配的卡槽或卡扣，面盖与导流管通过可拆卸式免焊卡扣连接。Preferably, the outer circumference of the face cover is larger than that of the guide tube, the cross-section of the face cover is trapezoidal, a buckle or a slot is provided inside the face cover, a matching slot or buckle is provided on the tube wall of the guide tube, and the face cover and the guide tube are connected by a detachable solder-free buckle.
用于海绵城市建设的地面雨水导流系统的应用方法，将本发明所述的地面雨水导流系统设置在下凹雨水滞留区和设置在雨水滞留区边缘，面盖与导流管位于下凹式滞留区或绿地下方且面盖设置可裸露表面也可被表层河卵石填充，周围采用河卵石与砂层填充用于扩大导流面积与渗透面积，其河卵石与砂层有过滤功能与渗透功能，当水流通过初期过滤后再经本发明的地面雨水导流装置的生物过滤净化材料后通过蓄释层将水储存以达到收集作用，再渗透至地下；如将本发明所述的地面雨水导流系统设置在绿地上方，导流管内部还可设有生物营养材料用来调节水质满足植物生长需求给予植物提供营养物质。The application method of the ground rainwater diversion system for sponge city construction is as follows: the ground rainwater diversion system of the present invention is arranged in a sunken rainwater retention area and at the edge of the rainwater retention area, the surface cover and the diversion pipe are located below the sunken retention area or the green space, and the surface cover can be exposed on the surface or filled with surface river pebbles, and the surrounding area is filled with river pebbles and sand layers to expand the diversion area and the infiltration area, and the river pebbles and sand layers have filtering and infiltration functions. After the water flows through the initial filtration and then passes through the biological filtration purification material of the ground rainwater diversion device of the present invention, the water is stored through the storage and release layer to achieve the collection effect, and then infiltrates into the underground; if the ground rainwater diversion system of the present invention is arranged above the green space, the inside of the diversion pipe can also be provided with biological nutrient materials to adjust the water quality to meet the growth needs of plants and provide nutrients to the plants.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1）降雨时雨水可以瞬间通过本发明的雨水导流装置将雨水储存在蓄释层，雨水不受地表硬化限制渗透至地下；(1) When it rains, rainwater can be instantly stored in the storage and release layer through the rainwater diversion device of the present invention, and the rainwater can penetrate into the ground without being restricted by the hardening of the surface;
（2）可以使得雨水得到净化后涵养地下水位，使之地下水位得到补充，可以实现水源涵养、改善水文状况、调节区域水分循环；(2) It can purify rainwater and conserve groundwater levels, thereby replenishing groundwater levels, conserving water sources, improving hydrological conditions, and regulating regional water cycles;
（3）本发明可以不受地表硬化限制瞬间将雨水导流到地表层以下，即可直接的减小地表径流量，起到显著的削峰调蓄作用，降低内涝问题；(3) The present invention can instantly divert rainwater to below the surface layer without being restricted by surface hardening, which can directly reduce the surface runoff, play a significant role in peak reduction and storage, and reduce the problem of waterlogging;
（4）本发明的施工过程简单，不受现场条件约束，无需对小区的雨水管网进行扩容，直接提高小区对雨水高峰期的缓冲能力，使用灵活；(4) The construction process of the present invention is simple, not restricted by site conditions, and does not require expansion of the rainwater pipe network of the community. It can directly improve the buffering capacity of the community during the peak period of rainwater and is flexible to use;
（5）设置在绿地下方可提供植物水份与营养物质满足植物生长需要的养分。减少绿化灌溉频次，给绿化部门节约绿化成本；(5) Installed under the green space, it can provide water and nutrients to plants to meet the needs of plant growth. It can reduce the frequency of greening irrigation and save greening costs for the greening department;
（6）打破了传统海绵城市建设“以排为主”的城市雨水管理理念，在雨水高发期可将雨水通过雨水导流系统将雨水储存收集并利用；(6) It breaks the traditional urban rainwater management concept of "drainage-oriented" in sponge city construction. During the high-incidence rainy season, rainwater can be stored, collected and utilized through the rainwater diversion system;
（7）本发明的渗透防冻材料可用于严寒地区使用，不仅延长了本发明的使用寿命，还扩大了使用区域。(7) The permeable antifreeze material of the present invention can be used in extremely cold regions, which not only prolongs the service life of the present invention but also expands the application area.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种实施例的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明第二种实施例的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明第三种实施例的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明第四种实施例的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明第五种实施例的结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明第六中实施例的结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明第七种实施例的结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明第八种实施例的结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明第九种实施例的结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
1-导流管，2-面盖，3-截污滤材，4-底板，5-渗透防冻材料层，6-生物过滤净化材料层，7-生物营养材料层，8-导流孔，9-地下蓄释层。1- diversion pipe, 2- surface cover, 3- pollution interception filter material, 4- bottom plate, 5- permeable antifreeze material layer, 6- biological filtration purification material layer, 7- biological nutrient material layer, 8- diversion hole, 9- underground storage and release layer.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
实施例一，如图1所示，用于海绵城市建设中的地面雨水导流系统，包括导流装置和地下蓄释层，导流装置与地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接，即非虹吸非虹吸原理的连接方式，所述导流装置包括竖直中空的导流管，导流管的上方设有面盖，面盖的外周尺寸小于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖嵌入在导流管的进水口处成为导流管的进水口，导流管与面盖连接处还设有截污滤材，导流管的下方设有底板，底板为水平直板，底板作为导流管的出水口，底板上设有多个导水口，底板与与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接；导流管的竖直中空内设有一层渗透防冻材料层；面盖可过滤初期雨水中大粒杂质以及防止行人踩踏行为带来的伤害，渗透防冻材料层主要用于严寒地区使用。Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG1 , is a ground rainwater diversion system used in the construction of a sponge city, comprising a diversion device and an underground storage-release layer, wherein the diversion device is directly vertically connected to the underground storage-release layer up and down, i.e., a connection method based on the non-siphon principle, wherein the diversion device comprises a vertical hollow diversion pipe, a surface cover is provided above the diversion pipe, the outer circumference of the surface cover is smaller than that of the diversion pipe, the surface cover is embedded in the water inlet of the diversion pipe to become the water inlet of the diversion pipe, a pollution interception filter material is also provided at the connection between the diversion pipe and the surface cover, a bottom plate is provided below the diversion pipe, the bottom plate is a horizontal straight plate, the bottom plate serves as the water outlet of the diversion pipe, a plurality of water diversion ports are provided on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is directly vertically connected to the underground storage-release layer below the bottom plate; a layer of permeable antifreeze material is provided in the vertical hollow of the diversion pipe; the surface cover can filter large impurities in the initial rainwater and prevent damage caused by pedestrian trampling, and the permeable antifreeze material layer is mainly used in severe cold areas.
本发明可以设置在路边道路下方、绿化带下方及积水严重路段下方，档面盖及截污滤材堵塞时，可直接打开面盖进行清理，并更换截污滤材。The invention can be arranged under roadside roads, green belts and road sections with serious waterlogging. When the surface cover and the pollution interception filter material are blocked, the surface cover can be directly opened for cleaning and the pollution interception filter material can be replaced.
实施例二，如图2所示，其他与实施例一相同，不在重述，仅是所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层，生物过滤净化材料层的下方为底板，底板与与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接；生物过滤层净化材料有效的将雨水中的其他杂质净化后无污染渗透至地下蓄释层。Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG2 , is the same as Embodiment 1 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that a permeable antifreeze material layer and a biological filtration purification material layer are sequentially provided in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and a bottom plate is provided below the biological filtration purification material layer. The bottom plate is directly vertically connected to the underground storage and release layer located below the bottom plate; the purification material of the biological filtration layer effectively purifies other impurities in the rainwater and infiltrates into the underground storage and release layer without pollution.
实施例三，如图3所示，其他与实施例一相同，不在重述，仅是所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层、生物营养材料层，生物营养材料层的下方为底板，底板与与位于底板下方的地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接；生物过滤层净化材料有效的将雨水中的其他杂质净化后无污染渗透至地下，在绿地下设置雨水导流装置内部带有生物营养材料可调节水质补充植物生长所需营养。Embodiment 3, as shown in FIG3, is the same as Embodiment 1 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that a permeable antifreeze material layer, a biological filtration purification material layer, and a biological nutrient material layer are sequentially arranged in the vertical hollow of the diversion pipe from top to bottom, and a bottom plate is provided below the biological nutrient material layer, and the bottom plate is directly vertically connected to the underground storage and release layer located below the bottom plate; the biological filtration layer purification material effectively purifies other impurities in the rainwater and infiltrates into the underground without pollution, and a rainwater diversion device with biological nutrient materials inside is arranged under the green floor to adjust the water quality and supplement the nutrients required for plant growth.
实施例四，如图4所示，用于海绵城市建设中的地面雨水导流系统，包括导流装置和地下蓄释层，导流装置与地下蓄释层直接上下竖直连接，即非虹吸非虹吸原理的连接方式，所述导流装置包括竖直中空的导流管，导流管的上方设有面盖，面盖的外周尺寸大于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖套盖在导流管的进水口处成为导流管的进水口，导流管与面盖连接处还设有截污滤材，导流管的下方设有底板，底板为圆弧形曲板，底板作为导流管的出水口，底板上设有多个导水口，底板竖直地嵌入地下蓄释层中；所述导流管下方的管壁上还设有多个导流孔，导流孔为竖条形，导流孔按圆周方式均布在导流管下方的管壁上，导流管的竖直中空内设有一层渗透防冻材料层；面盖可过滤初期雨水中大粒杂质以及防止行人踩踏行为带来的伤害，渗透防冻材料层主要用于严寒地区使用。Embodiment 4, as shown in FIG4, a surface rainwater diversion system for sponge city construction includes a diversion device and an underground storage and release layer. The diversion device is directly connected vertically up and down with the underground storage and release layer, that is, a connection method based on a non-siphon and non-siphon principle. The diversion device includes a vertical hollow diversion pipe, a surface cover is provided above the diversion pipe, and the outer circumference of the surface cover is larger than the outer circumference of the diversion pipe. The surface cover is covered at the water inlet of the diversion pipe to become the water inlet of the diversion pipe. A pollution interception filter material is also provided at the connection between the diversion pipe and the surface cover. The bottom of the diversion pipe A bottom plate is provided, which is an arc-shaped curved plate. The bottom plate serves as the water outlet of the diversion pipe. A plurality of water diversion ports are arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is vertically embedded in the underground storage layer. A plurality of diversion holes are also arranged on the pipe wall below the diversion pipe. The diversion holes are vertical strip-shaped and are evenly distributed on the pipe wall below the diversion pipe in a circular manner. A layer of permeable antifreeze material is arranged in the vertical hollow of the diversion pipe. The surface cover can filter large impurities in the initial rainwater and prevent damage caused by pedestrian trampling. The permeable antifreeze material layer is mainly used in severe cold areas.
本发明可以设置在路边道路下方、绿化带下方及积水严重路段下方，档面盖及截污滤材堵塞时，可直接打开面盖进行清理，并更换截污滤材。The invention can be arranged under roadside roads, green belts and road sections with serious waterlogging. When the surface cover and the pollution interception filter material are blocked, the surface cover can be directly opened for cleaning and the pollution interception filter material can be replaced.
实施例五，如图5所示，其他与实施例四相同，不在重述，仅是所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层，生物过滤净化材料层的下方为底板，底板竖直地嵌入地下蓄释层中。Embodiment 5, as shown in FIG5 , is the same as Embodiment 4 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that a permeable antifreeze material layer and a biological filtration purification material layer are sequentially provided in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and a bottom plate is provided below the biological filtration purification material layer, and the bottom plate is vertically embedded in the underground storage and release layer.
实施例六，如图6所示，其他与实施例四相同，不在重述，仅是所述面盖的外周尺寸大于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖为圆形套盖，面盖内部设有卡扣或卡槽，导流管的管壁上设有适配的卡槽或卡扣，面盖与导流管通过可拆卸式免焊卡扣连接。Embodiment 6, as shown in FIG6 , is the same as Embodiment 4 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that the outer circumferential dimension of the face cover is larger than the outer circumferential dimension of the flow guide tube, the face cover is a circular sleeve cover, a buckle or a slot is provided inside the face cover, a matching slot or buckle is provided on the tube wall of the flow guide tube, and the face cover and the flow guide tube are connected by a detachable solder-free buckle.
实施例七，如图7所示，其他与实施例六相同，不在重述，仅是所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层、生物营养材料层，生物营养材料层的下方为底板，底板竖直地嵌入地下蓄释层中。Embodiment 7, as shown in FIG7 , is the same as Embodiment 6 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that a permeable antifreeze material layer, a biological filtration purification material layer, and a biological nutrient material layer are sequentially provided in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and below the biological nutrient material layer is a bottom plate, which is vertically embedded in the underground storage and release layer.
实施例八，如图8所示，其他结构与实施例四相同，不在重述，仅是所述的面盖的外周尺寸大于导流管的外周尺寸，面盖的截面为梯形状，面盖内部设有卡扣或卡槽，导流管的管壁上设有适配的卡槽或卡扣，面盖与导流管通过可拆卸式免焊卡扣连接；Embodiment 8, as shown in FIG8 , other structures are the same as those of embodiment 4 and will not be repeated, except that the outer circumference of the face cover is larger than the outer circumference of the flow guide tube, the cross section of the face cover is trapezoidal, a buckle or a slot is provided inside the face cover, and a matching slot or buckle is provided on the tube wall of the flow guide tube, and the face cover and the flow guide tube are connected by a detachable solder-free buckle;
所述导流管的上方和下方管壁上均设有多个导流孔；A plurality of flow guide holes are provided on the upper and lower pipe walls of the flow guide pipe;
所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层，生物过滤净化材料层的下方为底板，底板竖直地嵌入地下蓄释层中。The vertical hollow of the guide pipe is provided with a permeable antifreeze material layer and a biological filtration purification material layer from top to bottom, and below the biological filtration purification material layer is a bottom plate, which is vertically embedded in the underground storage and release layer.
实施例九，如图9所示，其他与实施例六相同，不在重述，仅是所述导流管的竖直中空内依次从上而下设有渗透防冻材料层、生物过滤净化材料层、生物营养材料层，生物营养材料层的下方为底板，底板竖直地嵌入地下蓄释层中。Embodiment 9, as shown in FIG9 , is the same as Embodiment 6 in other aspects and will not be repeated, except that a permeable antifreeze material layer, a biological filtration purification material layer, and a biological nutrient material layer are sequentially provided in the vertical hollow of the guide pipe from top to bottom, and below the biological nutrient material layer is a bottom plate, which is vertically embedded in the underground storage and release layer.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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