CN110721979A - Environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste - Google Patents
Environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN110721979A CN110721979A CN201910915235.6A CN201910915235A CN110721979A CN 110721979 A CN110721979 A CN 110721979A CN 201910915235 A CN201910915235 A CN 201910915235A CN 110721979 A CN110721979 A CN 110721979A
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010336 energy treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010909 process residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
- B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/323—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 by electrostatic effects or by high-voltage electric fields
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste, which comprises a degradation machine, a heat exchanger and a deodorization device, wherein the degradation machine comprises a degradation bin, an air supply pipeline, an air humidifier, a humidity sensor and a controller; the heat exchanger comprises a fresh air inlet, a fresh air outlet, a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, waste gas in the heat exchanger exchanges heat with fresh air, the air supply pipeline is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the other end of the air suction pipeline, and the waste gas outlet is connected with an air inlet of the deodorization device through a pipeline; the deodorization device comprises a box body, an anion high-voltage static grid and an activated carbon layer, wherein waste gas enters the box body from an air inlet and is discharged from an air outlet through the anion high-voltage static grid and the activated carbon layer in sequence. By adopting the structure, the heat exchanger and the deodorization device are additionally arranged, the exhausted waste heat can be recycled, and the waste gas is purified before being exhausted, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste food treatment device, in particular to a waste food microbial degradation device.
Background
The food waste refers to food waste, food residues, food processing waste, non-edible animal and vegetable oil and fat and various oil-water mixtures in families, schools, institutions, public dining halls and catering industries, is part of municipal domestic waste, and occupies a high proportion of the municipal domestic waste. At present, the main modes of treating the food waste in China are as follows: 1. crushing and direct discharging treatment: the crushing and direct discharging treatment is a main method for treating a small amount of dispersed kitchen waste in European and American countries, and is characterized in that the kitchen waste is directly crushed and crushed at a kitchen waste generating point, then is discharged into an urban municipal sewer network by adopting hydraulic flushing, and is combined with municipal sewage to enter an urban sewage treatment plant for centralized treatment. The disadvantage is that the pressure of sewage disposal of municipal sewer pipe network is increased and water resources are wasted. 2. And (3) landfill treatment: kitchen waste in many areas of China is sent into a landfill site together with common waste for landfill treatment. The biggest defect of landfill treatment is that the waste of the meals is not effectively utilized. 3. And (3) feed treatment: the principle is that the high-temperature disinfection principle is adopted, viruses are killed, and the feed is processed into feed after being crushed and can be eaten by livestock and poultry. 4. Energy regeneration treatment: the energy treatment of the kitchen waste is rapidly rising in recent years, and mainly comprises an incineration method, a thermal decomposition method, fermentation hydrogen production and the like. The incineration method has high kitchen waste treatment efficiency, and finally generates about 5% of residues beneficial to disposal, but the kitchen waste has high water content and low heat value, and auxiliary fuel needs to be added during combustion, so that the problem of large investment is caused, and meanwhile, the tail gas treatment is also a difficult problem. 5. And (3) fertilizer treatment: the method for treating the kitchen waste into fertilizer mainly comprises aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. The existing aerobic composting process is that under the aerobic condition, extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms are utilized to decompose organic solids into soluble organic substances, and then the soluble organic substances permeate into cells, and the whole composting process is realized through the metabolism of the microorganisms. Anaerobic digestion treatment of kitchen waste refers to that under specific anaerobic conditions, microorganisms decompose organic waste, wherein carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are remained in residues and are converted into a form which is easily absorbed and utilized by animals and plants.
Through retrieval, the national intellectual property office discloses a patent document with a publication number of CN208466821U in 2019, 2 months and 5 days, and the kitchen waste biodegradation equipment is characterized in that: comprises a degradation bin body, a stirring device, a driving device, a transmission device, an air draft device and an electric control system, wherein the stirring device is arranged in the degradation bin body, the electric control system and the air draft device are arranged outside the degradation bin body, the electric control system controls the operation of the stirring device through the driving device and the transmission device, the electric control system controls the operation of the air draft device, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft which is rotationally connected with the degradation bin body, a plurality of stirring arms are arranged on the stirring shaft, the length direction of the stirring arms is vertical to the axial direction of the stirring shaft, the plurality of stirring arms are spirally arranged on the stirring shaft, a feeding door is arranged at the top of the degradation bin body, a discharging door is arranged on the side surface of the degradation bin body, the feeding door and the discharging door are respectively provided with a safety sensing device, the safety sensing device is in, the interior of the interlayer cavity is provided with a heating device and an oil temperature detector, heat conducting oil is injected, a plurality of humidity detectors and bin temperature detectors are arranged at different positions in the degradation bin body, the humidity detectors and the bin temperature detectors are in signal connection with an electric control device, and the exterior of the degradation bin body is coated with aerobic degradation equipment of which the heat preservation layer does not discover related food waste. The technical scheme of the patent only has a humidity detector, and does not have the technical content of adjusting the humidity of the air. And waste heat is not recycled, so that energy conservation and environmental protection are not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide an environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste, which has the functions of energy conservation and environmental protection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for the food waste comprises a degradation machine, a heat exchanger and a deodorization device, wherein the degradation machine comprises a degradation bin, an air supply pipeline, an air humidifier, a humidity sensor and a controller, the top of the degradation bin is communicated with one end of an air exhaust pipeline, an exhaust fan is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline, aerobic degradation microorganisms are added in the degradation bin, fresh air enters the degradation bin through an air supply pipeline, a steam discharge port of the air humidifier is communicated with the air supply pipeline, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin, the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for carrying out on-off control on the air humidifier; the heat exchanger comprises a fresh air inlet, a fresh air outlet, a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, a waste gas channel and a fresh air channel are arranged inside the heat exchanger, waste gas in the waste gas channel exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel, the air supply pipeline is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the other end of the air suction pipeline, and the waste gas outlet is connected with an air inlet of the deodorization device through a pipeline; deodorizing device includes box, anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer, the lateral wall lower part of box is equipped with the air inlet, and the lateral wall upper portion of box is equipped with the gas vent, anion high-pressure static electric network establishes the box and separates for upper and lower two parts in the box, and the air inlet is located the below of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the activated carbon layer is established in the box and is located the top of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the gas vent is located the top of activated carbon layer, and waste gas gets into the box from the air inlet, discharges from the gas vent through anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer in.
Further, still include temperature sensor and heating device, heating device is used for heating for degrading the storehouse, and temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the storehouse of degrading, and temperature sensor and controller electricity are connected, the controller carries out on-off control to heating device.
Furthermore, the heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a steam heat medium return pipe, a jacket is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin, one end of the steam heat medium input pipe and one end of the steam heat medium return pipe are respectively communicated with the jacket, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe, and the controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to be switched on and off.
The steam heat medium reflux pipe is communicated with the boiler through the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe and the other end of the steam heat medium reflux pipe.
Further, still include pan feeding mouth and discharge gate, the pan feeding mouth is established at the top in degradation storehouse and is close to the one end in degradation storehouse, and the discharge gate is established in the bottom in degradation storehouse and is close to the other end in degradation storehouse, pan feeding mouth sealing connection has the surplus rubbish input tube of meal, discharge gate department is equipped with row material baffle, arranges the material baffle and installs in the guide rail of degradation storehouse bottom, arranges the material baffle and removes in order to open or close the discharge gate along the guide rail.
Further, still include motor and drive mechanism, the motor passes through drive mechanism and drives row material baffle and remove along the guide rail.
Further, drive mechanism includes gear and tooth row, and tooth row and gear mesh mutually, the gear is installed on the output shaft of motor, and the tooth row is established on the bottom surface of arranging the material baffle.
The device further comprises a pushing spiral and a motor, wherein the pushing spiral is arranged in the degradation bin, and the motor drives the pushing spiral to rotate through a transmission mechanism.
Further, the length of the pushing spiral is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin.
Further, the degradation bin is arranged on the bracket.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the structure, the heat exchanger and the deodorization device are additionally arranged, the exhausted waste heat can be recycled, and the waste gas is purified before being exhausted, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effect is achieved;
because the air humidifier is arranged on the air supply pipeline, not only enough oxygen is contained in the degradation bin, but also the humidity of air can be adjusted; under the regulation and control of the controller and the sensor, the temperature and the humidity in the degradation bin can be regulated and controlled, and the activity and the degradation efficiency of aerobic degradation microorganism bacteria are greatly improved;
due to the fact that the pushing spiral is additionally arranged, distribution is facilitated, food waste entering the degradation bin cannot be accumulated at the feeding port, and the food waste after degradation in the degradation bin is discharged;
because the controller control motor drives the row material baffle and moves along the guide rail, opens or closes the discharge gate, has realized automated control.
Drawings
The invention is further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which the embodiments do not constitute any limitation, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, further drawings may be obtained from the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the degradation machine shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a degradation bin; 2. a humidity sensor; 3. a supply air line; 4. an air humidifier; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a controller; 7. an air draft pipeline; 8. an exhaust fan; 9. a steam heat medium input pipe; 10. an electromagnetic valve; 11. a steam heat medium reflux pipe; 12. a jacket; 13. a feeding port; 14. a discharge port; 15. a waste food input pipe; 16. a discharge baffle; 17. a guide rail; 18. a motor; 19. a gear; 20. a tooth row; 21. pushing material to spiral; 22. a motor; 23. a transmission mechanism; 24. a support; 25. a degradation machine; 26. a heat exchanger; 27. a deodorizing device; 28. a fresh air inlet; 29. a fresh air outlet; 30. an exhaust gas inlet; 31. an exhaust gas outlet; 32. an exhaust gas passage; 33. a fresh air channel; 34. a pipeline; 35. a box body; 36. a negative ion high-voltage static grid; 37. an activated carbon layer; 38. an air inlet; 39. an exhaust port; 40. a boiler.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste comprises a degradation machine 25, a heat exchanger 26 and a deodorization device 27, wherein the degradation machine 25 comprises a degradation bin 1, an air supply pipeline 3, an air humidifier 4, a humidity sensor 2 and a controller 6, aerobic degradation microorganisms are added into the degradation bin, and the degradation bin 1 is arranged on a support 24. Fresh air enters the degradation bin 1 through the air supply pipeline 3, a steam outlet of the air humidifier 4 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 3, the humidity sensor 4 is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin 1, the humidity sensor 2 is electrically connected with the controller 6, and the controller 6 is used for controlling the air humidifier 4 to be turned on and off. The top of the degradation bin 1 is communicated with one end of an air exhaust pipeline 7, and an exhaust fan 8 is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline 7. The air in the degradation bin 1 is pumped away by the exhaust fan 8, fresh air enters the degradation bin 1 from the air supply pipeline 3, and the exhaust fan 8 not only has the function of providing sufficient oxygen for aerobic degradation microorganisms in the degradation bin 1, but also has the function of adjusting the temperature. When the temperature in the degradation bin 1 is high, the exhaust fan 8 pumps hot air in the degradation bin 1 away, and fresh wind energy is introduced to cool the degradation bin 1. The heat exchanger 26 comprises a fresh air inlet 28, a fresh air outlet 29, a waste gas inlet 30 and a waste gas outlet 31, a waste gas channel 32 and a fresh air channel 33 are arranged inside the heat exchanger 26, waste gas in the waste gas channel 32 exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel 33, the air supply pipeline 3 is communicated with the fresh air outlet 29, the waste gas inlet 30 is communicated with the other end of the exhaust pipeline 7, and the waste gas outlet 31 is connected with an air inlet 38 of the deodorization device 27 through a pipeline 34; deodorizing device 27 includes box 35, anion high voltage static net 36 and activated carbon layer 37, the lateral wall lower part of box 35 is equipped with air inlet 38, and the lateral wall upper portion of box 35 is equipped with gas vent 39, anion high voltage static net 36 is established and is separated box 35 for upper and lower two parts in box 35, and air inlet 38 is located anion high voltage static net 36's below, and activated carbon layer 37 is established in box 35 and is located anion high voltage static net 36's top, and gas vent 39 is located activated carbon layer 37's top, and waste gas gets into in the box 35 from air inlet 38, purifies the back through anion high voltage static net 36 and activated carbon layer 37 in proper order and discharges from gas vent 39.
Still include temperature sensor 5 and heating device, heating device is used for heating for degrading storehouse 1, and temperature sensor 5 is used for detecting the temperature in degrading the storehouse 1, and temperature sensor 5 and 6 electricity of controller are connected, controller 6 carries out on-off control to heating device. Specifically, the heating is performed using steam as a heat medium. The heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe 9, an electromagnetic valve 10 and a steam heat medium return pipe 11, a jacket 12 is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin 1, the steam heat medium input pipe 9 and the steam heat medium return pipe 11 are respectively communicated with the jacket 12, the electromagnetic valve 10 is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 10 is controlled by the controller 6 to be switched on and off. The device also comprises a boiler 40, and the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe 9 and the other end of the steam heat medium return pipe 11 are communicated with the boiler 40. The steam heat medium is supplied from a boiler 40.
Still include pan feeding mouth 13 and discharge gate 14, pan feeding mouth 13 is established at the top in degradation storehouse and is close to the one end in degradation storehouse 1, and discharge gate 14 is established in the bottom in degradation storehouse 1 and is close to the other end in degradation storehouse 1, pan feeding mouth 13 department sealing connection has surplus rubbish input tube 15 of meal, discharge gate 14 department is equipped with row material baffle 16, arranges material baffle 16 and installs in the guide rail 17 of degradation storehouse 1 bottom, arranges material baffle 16 and removes in order to open or close the discharge gate along guide rail 17. The automatic discharging device further comprises a motor 18 and a transmission mechanism, wherein the motor 18 drives the discharging baffle 16 to move along the guide rail 17 through the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism comprises a gear 19 and a tooth row 20, the tooth row 20 is meshed with the gear 19, the gear 19 is installed on an output shaft of the motor 18, and the tooth row 20 is arranged on the bottom surface of the discharge baffle 16. The motor 18 is electrically connected with the controller, when the garbage in the degradation bin 1 begins to be degraded, the controller begins to time, and after the set time is reached, the controller starts the motor 18 to drive the discharge baffle 16 to move along the guide rail 17, so that the discharge hole is opened. After the material discharging is finished, the motor is started to rotate reversely, the material discharging baffle 16 is driven to move reversely along the guide rail 17, and the material discharging port is closed. The design realizes the operation of the automatic switch discharge port.
The device also comprises a pushing spiral 21 and a motor 22, wherein the pushing spiral 21 is arranged in the degradation bin 1, and the motor 22 drives the pushing spiral 21 to rotate through a transmission mechanism 23. The transmission mechanism 23 here adopts a sprocket and chain transmission manner. The pushing screw 21 is used for facilitating material distribution, so that the food waste entering the degradation bin 1 cannot be accumulated at the material inlet, and the food waste degraded in the degradation bin is discharged.
The material pushing spiral 21 in the patent is positioned below the material inlet, and the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin 1. The length of the material pushing spiral 21 cannot be too long, and cannot be too short, if the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is too short, the effects of material distribution and material discharge are small, if the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is too long, the density of the food waste close to the discharging position in the degradation bin 1 is large, the density of the food waste is too large, the ventilation property is poor, and insufficient oxygen is caused, so that the activity and the degradation efficiency of aerobic degradation microorganisms are influenced. Through experiments, the length of the pushing spiral 21 is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin 1, so that the function of distributing materials can be realized, and the discharging of the degraded materials is facilitated.
The working principle is as follows: this patent utilizes good oxygen or aerobic microorganism to degrade the surplus rubbish of meal, becomes the organic matter with the organic matter, in order to improve the work efficiency of degradation, according to aerobic microorganism's adaptation environment, regulates and control the humidity and the temperature in the storehouse that degrades, improves aerobic microorganism's activity.
The energy-saving aspect of this patent: the boiler provides heat for the degradation bin, ensures that the temperature in the degradation bin is between 60 and 80 ℃, and has a killing effect on harmful microorganisms. If sufficient oxygen needs to be introduced into the degradation bin at proper time, the waste gas in the degradation bin needs to be pumped away to achieve the purpose of air exchange, the pumped waste gas has heat, a heat exchanger is additionally arranged for fully utilizing the heat energy, the heat exchange is firstly carried out with the waste gas before the fresh air is introduced, and the fresh air is sent into the degradation bin after absorbing the heat of the waste gas.
The environmental protection aspect of this patent: in order to prevent the waste gas from polluting the environment, a deodorization device is additionally arranged, the discharge voltage of a negative ion high-voltage static grid in the deodorization device is adjustable within the range of 2-3 ten thousand volts, and a large amount of low-temperature plasma O is generated3The waste gas factors are firstly opened into fragments after being bombarded by high-energy electrons, and the fragment particles dissociated by the waste gas factors and oxygen undergo more complex chemical reaction and are degraded into CO2And H2O, and the like. The technology of dielectric barrier discharge low-temperature plasma is adopted, the dry treatment is carried out, any adsorbent, catalyst and other combustion-supporting fuels are not needed, only 220V alternating current is needed, a high-frequency pulse electric field is obtained through oscillation boosting of a high-frequency pulse generator, high-energy electrons are generated, and the molecules of stink and organic gas in waste gas are bombarded and decomposed. High-voltage electrostatic removal of active carbon in cooperation with negative ionsIn the application of dust desorption engineering, the activated carbon only needs to adsorb a small amount of escaped organic waste gas. The odor is absorbed by the active carbon layer to achieve the purpose of deodorization.
Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an environment-friendly surplus rubbish of meal aerobic degradation system which characterized in that: the air purifier comprises a degradation machine, a heat exchanger and a deodorization device, wherein the degradation machine comprises a degradation bin, an air supply pipeline, an air humidifier, a humidity sensor and a controller, the top of the degradation bin is communicated with one end of the air supply pipeline, an exhaust fan is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline, aerobic degradation microorganisms are added in the degradation bin, fresh air enters the degradation bin through an air supply pipeline, a steam outlet of the air humidifier is communicated with the air supply pipeline, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin, the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for carrying out on-off control on the air humidifier; the heat exchanger comprises a fresh air inlet, a fresh air outlet, a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, a waste gas channel and a fresh air channel are arranged inside the heat exchanger, waste gas in the waste gas channel exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel, the air supply pipeline is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the other end of the air suction pipeline, and the waste gas outlet is connected with an air inlet of the deodorization device through a pipeline; deodorizing device includes box, anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer, the lateral wall lower part of box is equipped with the air inlet, and the lateral wall upper portion of box is equipped with the gas vent, anion high-pressure static electric network establishes the box and separates for upper and lower two parts in the box, and the air inlet is located the below of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the activated carbon layer is established in the box and is located the top of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the gas vent is located the top of activated carbon layer, and waste gas gets into the box from the air inlet, discharges from the gas vent through anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer in.
2. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include temperature sensor and heating device, heating device is used for heating for the surplus rubbish of meal in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor and controller electricity are connected, the controller carries out on-off control to heating device.
3. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a steam heat medium return pipe, a jacket is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin, the steam heat medium input pipe and the steam heat medium return pipe are respectively communicated with the jacket, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe, and the controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to be switched on and off.
4. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: the steam heat medium reflux pipe is communicated with the boiler through the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe and the other end of the steam heat medium reflux pipe.
5. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include pan feeding mouth and discharge gate, the pan feeding mouth is established at the top in degradation storehouse and is close to the one end in degradation storehouse, and the discharge gate is established in the bottom in degradation storehouse and is close to the other end in degradation storehouse, pan feeding mouth sealing connection has the surplus rubbish input tube of meal, discharge gate department is equipped with row's material baffle, arranges the material baffle and installs in the guide rail of degradation storehouse bottom, arranges the material baffle and removes in order to open or close the discharge gate along the guide rail.
6. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: the device further comprises a motor and a transmission mechanism, wherein the motor drives the discharging baffle to move along the guide rail through the transmission mechanism.
7. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a gear row, the gear row is meshed with the gear, the gear is installed on an output shaft of the motor, and the gear row is arranged on the bottom surface of the discharging baffle.
8. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a pushing screw and a motor, wherein the pushing screw is arranged in the degradation bin, and the motor drives the pushing screw to rotate through a transmission mechanism.
9. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: the length of the material pushing spiral is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin.
10. The environment-friendly aerobic degradation system for food waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the degradation bin is arranged on the bracket.
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