CN110710353A - Farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting - Google Patents
Farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110710353A CN110710353A CN201911153785.5A CN201911153785A CN110710353A CN 110710353 A CN110710353 A CN 110710353A CN 201911153785 A CN201911153785 A CN 201911153785A CN 110710353 A CN110710353 A CN 110710353A
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- filler
- rod
- pipe
- fresh cut
- cut flower
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000366676 Justicia pectoralis Species 0.000 description 42
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000008254 Rosa chinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
Abstract
The invention provides a farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting. The method comprises the following steps: the filling pipe is made of heat-resistant light materials, the pipe wall of the filling pipe is provided with a plurality of openings, and the pipe opening and the pipe bottom of the filling pipe are provided with sealing covers; manufacturing a filler rod, wherein the filler rod consists of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is sleeved outside the inner rod; the filler of the inner rod is soilless culture substrate, and the volume weight of the inner rod is 0.33g/cm3(ii) a The filler of the outer rod comprises lime and a soilless culture substrate, the volume ratio of the lime to the soilless culture substrate in the outer rod is 8-10: 1; the filler rod is filled in the filler pipe, and the size of the filler rod is matched with that of the filler pipe; filling the filler rods into the filler pipes, and then embedding the filler pipes into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction vertical to the ground or parallel to the ground. The technical scheme provided by the invention is to gradually improve the acidification problem of the surface layer and the deep layer of the soil by slowly releasing the alkaline substances, and the alkaline substances can be used for improving the acidification problem of the surface layer and the deep layer of the soil during the growth period of crops and in the deep layer of the cropsThe acidity of the soil is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of farmland soil acidification improvement, and particularly relates to a farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting.
Background
Soil acidification refers to the process by which the pH of the soil decreases over time. The soil in the area with large precipitation can be gradually acidified under natural conditions, and the acidification process of the farmland soil is greatly accelerated by high-strength intensive agricultural production.
The soil acidification aggravation of the fresh cut flower planting farmland is mainly caused by the excessive loss of a large amount of applied fertilizers such as urea, ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and the like and salt ions, and the application amount of the fertilizers is difficult to be greatly reduced when the yield of the fresh cut flowers is maintained. Due to the fact that the demand of fresh cut flower planting on water and fertilizer is large, long-term and large-amount fertilization and irrigation can cause the nutrient accumulation in the soil section of the fresh cut flower planting farmland to be excessive, soil quality is deteriorated, and the problems of soil acidification, nutrient imbalance, soil structure stability reduction and the like are mainly presented.
The application of alkaline substances such as lime and the like to farmlands is an important technical means for improving acidified soil. Because the soil acidification phenomenon of farmland caused by the planting of fresh cut flowers occurs in a soil layer of 0-60cm, the traditional method of spreading alkaline substances such as lime and the like on the soil surface is difficult to improve the acidification problem of the soil layer below 20cm, and the traditional method also faces the risk of soil structure deterioration, and cannot improve the soil acidity in time during the growth period of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting.
The farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a heat-resistant light material is adopted to manufacture a filler pipe, the pipe wall of the filler pipe is provided with a plurality of openings, and the pipe orifice and the pipe bottom of the filler pipe are provided with a sealing cover;
manufacturing a filler rod, wherein the filler rod consists of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is sleeved outside the inner rod; the filler of the inner rod is a soilless culture substrate, and the volume weight of the inner rod is 0.33g/cm3(ii) a The filler of the outer rod comprises lime and a soilless culture substrate, and the volume ratio of the lime to the soilless culture substrate in the outer rod is 8-10: 1; the filler rod is filled in the filler pipe, and the size of the filler rod is matched with that of the filler pipe;
and step three, filling the filler rods into the filler pipes, and then embedding the filler pipes into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground.
In the method, preferably, if the filling pipes are embedded into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction vertical to the ground, the distance between the embedded pipes is 40 cm; if the filling pipes are embedded into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction parallel to the ground, the filling pipes are embedded 20cm or 40cm below the surfaces of the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction parallel to the ground, or the filling pipes are embedded 20cm or 40cm below the surfaces of the fresh cut flower planting ridges, and the pipe embedding distance is 40 cm.
In the method as described above, preferably, the filler pipe is a cylinder having a height of 45cm and an inner diameter of 6 cm; the height of the filler rod is 43cm, and the diameter of the filler rod is 5.8 cm; the diameter of the inner rod of the filler rod is 1cm, and the thickness of the outer rod of the filler rod is 4.8 cm; the pipe wall of the filler pipe is provided with 9 rows of circular openings along the direction from the pipe opening to the pipe bottom, the number of the openings in each row is 7, and the openings are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the filler pipe.
The method as described above, further, after the step three, may further include: replacing the filler rod in the filler pipe; and after the filler rod is replaced, embedding the filler pipe into the fresh cut flower planting ridge in situ or ex situ.
The farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. can improve soil acidity in time during the growth period of crops, and comprehensively improve the acidification of the soil of fresh cut flower planting farmland, not only can improve the pH value of surface soil (0-20cm), but also can improve the pH value of deep soil (20-50 cm).
2. The acidification problem of the surface layer and the deep layer of the soil is gradually improved by slowly releasing alkaline substances, and the release of the alkaline substances is relatively slow, so that the physical property deterioration and nutrient imbalance of the soil are not caused.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving soil acidification of farmland planted with fresh cut flowers according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filling pipe in the method for improving soil acidification of farmland planted with fresh cut flowers according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a filler rod in a farmland soil acidification and improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical means for solving the technical problems and achieving the technical effects of the present application can be fully understood and implemented.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a farmland soil acidification and improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the embodiment of the invention. As shown in figure 1, the farmland soil acidification and improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a heat-resistant light material is adopted to manufacture the filling pipe, the pipe wall of the filling pipe is provided with a plurality of openings, and the pipe opening and the pipe bottom of the filling pipe are provided with sealing covers.
Step two, manufacturing a filler rod, wherein the filler rod consists of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is sleeved outside the inner rod; the filler of the inner rod is soilless culture substrate, and the volume weight of the inner rod is 0.33g/cm3(ii) a The filler of the outer rod comprises lime and a soilless culture substrate, the volume ratio of the lime to the soilless culture substrate in the outer rod is 8-10: 1; the filler rod is filled in the filler pipe, and the size of the filler rod is matched with that of the filler pipe.
The soilless culture substrate in the step is coconut chaff and the like, the filler rod is formed by pressing lime and soilless culture substrate materials according to the volume ratio, and in specific application, the proportion of the lime in the filler rod to the soilless culture substrate can be adjusted according to the soil characteristics of the farmland planted with the fresh cut flowers.
And step three, filling the filler rods into the filler pipes, and then embedding the filler pipes into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground.
In the step, if the filling pipes are embedded into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction vertical to the ground, the quantity of the embedded pipes is determined according to the planting density of the fresh cut flowers and the plant spacing; for example, the filling pipes are buried in the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction vertical to the ground, and the spacing between the buried pipes is 40 cm; if the filling pipes are embedded into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction parallel to the ground, the quantity of the embedded pipes is determined according to the plant spacing of the fresh cut flower seeds and the height of the soil layer; for example, the filling pipes are buried 20cm or 40cm below the surface of the fresh-cut flower planting ridge in the direction parallel to the ground, or buried 20cm and 40cm below the surface of the fresh-cut flower planting ridge, and the pipe burying intervals are 40 cm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a filling rod in a farmland soil acidification and improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the embodiment of the invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of a filling rod in a farmland soil acidification and improvement method for fresh cut flower planting provided by the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the packing tube is a cylinder with a height of 45cm and an inner diameter of 6 cm; the height of the filler rod is 43cm, and the diameter of the filler rod is 5.8 cm; the diameter of the inner rod of the filler rod is 1cm, the filler rod is made of coconut chaff and the like, and the volume weight is 0.33g/cm3(ii) a The cross section of the outer rod of the filler rod is a hollow circle, the thickness of the outer rod of the filler rod is 4.8cm, and the filler rod is made of lime, coconut chaff and the like. Preferably, the pipe wall of the filler pipe is provided with 9 rows of circular openings along the direction from the pipe opening to the pipe bottom, the number of the openings in each row is 7, and the openings are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall of the filler pipe.
The method as described above, further, after the step three, may further include: replacing the filler rod in the filler pipe; and after the filler rod is replaced, embedding the filler pipe into the fresh cut flower planting ridge in situ or ex situ.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention gradually improves the acidification problem of the surface layer and the deep layer of the soil by slowly releasing the alkaline substances, and can improve the acidity of the soil in time during the growth period of crops. Because the acidification problem of the surface layer and the deep layer of the soil is gradually improved by slowly releasing the alkaline substances, the release of the alkaline substances is relatively slow, and therefore, the physical property deterioration and nutrient imbalance of the soil are not caused.
Specific application examples will be given below. In the embodiment, a facility greenhouse high ridge and furrow mode is adopted for planting the fresh cut flowers in the Yunnan plateau area, and the ridge is generally 50-60cm high, the ridge surface is 30-40cm wide, and the furrow is 30-40cm wide. Based on the technical scheme provided by the invention, alkaline substances with a certain proportion are filled into the filler pipe, and then the filler pipe is vertically or horizontally buried into the ridge for planting the fresh cut flowers. The number of the vertical pipe burying is determined according to the planting density and the plant spacing of crops, and a filler pipe is buried in each 40cm (plant spacing); the horizontal pipe burying is determined according to the spacing between crop plants and the height of soil layers, and can be buried 20cm below the surface of a crop planting ridge or 40cm below the surface of the crop planting ridge or buried in different soil layers respectively.
The replacement of the filler in the pipe in the vertical pipe embedding mode needs to take out the pipe, and the filler pipe is embedded in situ or ex situ after the filler is replaced; the replacement of the filler in the pipe in the horizontal pipe burying mode can be realized only by pushing out the original filler.
Experiments show that the technical scheme provided by the invention can comprehensively improve the soil acidification of the farmland planted with the fresh cut flowers in the Yunnan plateau, and not only can improve the pH value of surface soil (0-20cm), but also can improve the pH value of deep soil (20-50 cm). Since the release of the alkaline substance is relatively slow (through the openings provided in the filler pipe), it does not cause deterioration of the physical properties of the soil and imbalance of nutrients. Tests also show that the pH value of the soil of the fresh-cut Chinese rose planting ridges (0-50cm soil layers) can be increased from 4.5-4.8 to 5.6-6.0 within 20-30 days, and the pH value of the soil of the fresh-cut Chinese rose planting ridges can be kept at about 6.0 in the whole planting period of the fresh-cut Chinese rose by timely replacing the fillers. The technical scheme provided by the invention obviously improves the toxic action of the soil peracid on the fresh cut flower crops. Compared with the unmodified soil, the yield of the modified fresh-cut Chinese rose is 20-50 branches/m2Increased to 60-70 branches/m2。
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications, and variations within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (5)
1. A farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a heat-resistant light material is adopted to manufacture a filler pipe, the pipe wall of the filler pipe is provided with a plurality of openings, and the pipe orifice and the pipe bottom of the filler pipe are provided with a sealing cover;
manufacturing a filler rod, wherein the filler rod consists of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is sleeved outside the inner rod; the filler of the inner rod is a soilless culture substrate, and the volume weight of the inner rod is 0.33g/cm3(ii) a The filler of the outer rod comprises lime and a soilless culture substrate, and the volume ratio of the lime to the soilless culture substrate in the outer rod is 8-10: 1; the filler rod is filled in the filler pipe, and the size of the filler rod is matched with that of the filler pipe;
and step three, filling the filler rods into the filler pipes, and then embedding the filler pipes into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction perpendicular to the ground or parallel to the ground.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the filling pipes are buried in the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction vertical to the ground, the spacing between the buried pipes is 40 cm;
if the filling pipes are embedded into the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction parallel to the ground, the filling pipes are embedded 20cm or 40cm below the surfaces of the fresh cut flower planting ridges along the direction parallel to the ground, or the filling pipes are embedded 20cm or 40cm below the surfaces of the fresh cut flower planting ridges, and the pipe embedding distance is 40 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the filler tube is a cylinder 45cm in height and 6cm in inside diameter; the height of the filler rod is 43cm, and the diameter of the filler rod is 5.8 cm; the diameter of the inner rod of the filler rod is 1cm, and the thickness of the outer rod of the filler rod is 4.8 cm.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the filler tube has 9 rows of circular openings in the tube wall in the direction from the tube opening to the tube bottom, the number of the openings in each row is 7, and the openings are uniformly distributed on the tube wall of the filler tube.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, further comprising, after step three: replacing the filler rod in the filler pipe;
and after the filler rod is replaced, embedding the filler pipe into the fresh cut flower planting ridge in situ or ex situ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911153785.5A CN110710353A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911153785.5A CN110710353A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting |
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| CN110710353A true CN110710353A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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| CN201911153785.5A Pending CN110710353A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Farmland soil acidification improvement method for fresh cut flower planting |
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