CN110700299B - Deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method - Google Patents

Deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110700299B
CN110700299B CN201910974716.4A CN201910974716A CN110700299B CN 110700299 B CN110700299 B CN 110700299B CN 201910974716 A CN201910974716 A CN 201910974716A CN 110700299 B CN110700299 B CN 110700299B
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structural beam
reinforcement framework
steel reinforcement
foundation pit
beam steel
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CN110700299A (en
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孙小猛
付威
李小平
何自平
张雄伟
张经纬
杨佳乐
毕晓波
张云飞
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China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co Ltd CTCE Group
Second Engineering Co Ltd of CTCE Group
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China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co Ltd CTCE Group
Second Engineering Co Ltd of CTCE Group
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • E02D17/04Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep foundation pit structural beam steel reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method which comprises the steps of segmental division of a structural beam steel reinforcement framework, prefabrication of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework, hoisting of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework, lowering and rotation of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework, connection of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework and the like; the method comprises the steps of firstly, establishing a three-dimensional live-action model by combining a building enclosure structure of a deep foundation pit and an actual position relation of a supporting system by utilizing a BIM technology, simulating a hoisting and assembling process of the structural beam reinforcement framework, and reasonably dividing the structural beam reinforcement framework into sections to ensure smooth hoisting; the structural beam steel reinforcement framework can be prefabricated in sections on the ground in advance through the prefabricated jig frame, the construction period of a main line is not occupied, and the rapid construction of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework of the deep foundation pit is realized. The construction method effectively solves the problem of slow construction progress of the structural beam in the limited space of the deep foundation pit, has the characteristics of simple operation, good safety and high work efficiency, and has good social benefit and economic benefit.

Description

Deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of structural beam reinforcements, and particularly relates to a modular rapid construction method for a deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework.
Background
The traditional deep foundation pit structural beam steel bar construction method is that after a bottom plate cushion layer and waterproof construction, on-site binding operation is directly carried out at the bottom of a pit, temporary supports need to be erected, a manual operation space is reserved, and then steel bars are bound, beams fall, adjustment, alignment connection and the like. Influenced by an enclosure structure and an inner support system, the operation space in a pit is limited, and the traditional construction method has the following defects: firstly, the steel bar needs to be installed after the waterproof protective layer reaches certain strength; secondly, the on-site steel bar installation is influenced by cross construction among the working procedures, the steel bars of the bottom plate part need to be carried out after the steel bars of the beam body are installed, the working procedure time is long, the concrete pouring of the bottom plate cannot be completed quickly, the exposure time of the foundation pit is prolonged, and potential safety hazards are increased; thirdly, the installation quality of the steel bars on site is low, and the precision of the steel bar spacing, the protection layer, the steel bar connection and the like is difficult to control; fourthly, in order to meet the requirement of the installation operation space of the bottom plate downward turning beam reinforcing steel bars, the trench excavation needs to be widened, and concrete waste is caused. In conclusion, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the foundation pit, the foundation pit construction principle of 'quickly seeing the bottom and quickly sealing the bottom' is followed, the construction of the bottom plate structural beam reinforcement engineering must be accelerated, and the operations of bottom plate reinforcement binding, concrete pouring and the like are completed as early as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method, so that the construction progress of the deep foundation pit structural beam is accelerated, the safety quality is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) segment division of the structural beam reinforcement framework: before the reinforcement cage is prefabricated, a three-dimensional live-action model is established by utilizing the BIM technology in combination with the actual position relation of the building enclosure structure and the support system of the deep foundation pit, the hoisting and assembling process of the reinforcement cage of the structural beam is simulated, and the reinforcement cage of the structural beam is reasonably divided into sections;
(2) prefabricating a steel reinforcement framework of a structural beam: assembling the prefabricated jig frame, and prefabricating the structural beam steel reinforcement framework according to the section of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework designed in the step (1) through the prefabricated jig frame;
(3) hoisting a steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam: arranging a lifting point at the position where the bending moment of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework is minimum, ensuring that the structural beam steel reinforcement framework has minimum deformation under the most unfavorable working condition, and transferring the structural beam steel reinforcement framework into a foundation pit through a crane;
(4) the steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam is lowered and rotated: lowering the structural beam steel reinforcement framework to be 5-10cm above the waterproof protective layer in the foundation pit, suspending the structural beam steel reinforcement framework, and manually assisting to rotate to realize accurate positioning of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework in the foundation pit; simulating the lowering collision and rotation conditions of the steel bar frameworks of the structural beams of all sections by using a BIM technology;
(5) connecting the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks: after the reinforcing cage of the structural beam is placed and finished, the sections are connected by the sleeves.
In the further scheme, in the step (1), the deep foundation pit is provided with 7 layers of steel supports, and a three-dimensional live-action model is established through a BIM technology.
In a further scheme, in the step (2), the prefabricated jig frame comprises a jig frame main body, and an operation platform is installed at the top of the jig frame main body; the prefabricated jig frame also comprises an automatic lifting and feeding device for conveying materials to the operating platform and a plurality of groups of adjusting and positioning fixtures for adjusting the size of the steel bars of the structural beam; the adjusting and positioning fixture comprises a lower fixture fixedly arranged on the ground and an upper fixture positioned above the lower fixture, and the upper fixture is detachably connected with the jig frame main body; and the top surfaces of the lower-layer fixture and the upper-layer fixture are clamped with main rib spacing positioning fixtures. The steel bar framework of the structural beam can be prefabricated in sections on the ground in advance through the prefabricated jig frame, the construction period of a main line is not occupied, and the rapid construction of the steel bar framework of the structural beam of the deep foundation pit is realized. Meanwhile, the installation precision is improved, the operation difficulty is reduced, the problem that the downward-turning groove of the bottom plate is widened and excavated in the traditional process, concrete waste is caused, and the cost is saved.
According to the further scheme, in the step (3), Midas civil structure calculation software is adopted to calculate the deformation condition of each steel bar in the hoisting process of the steel bar framework of the structural beam.
According to the further scheme, in the step (5), in order to ensure that the steel reinforcement frameworks of the sections of the structural beams are smoothly connected, in the connecting process, a crane is needed to cooperate with manual work, the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks are lifted by the crane to be suspended again, the side edges of the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks are manually pushed to finally enable the connecting joints of the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks to be on the same straight line, and finally, the sleeves are screwed down by manually using a socket wrench.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a modularized rapid construction method for a deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing a three-dimensional real-scene model by utilizing BIM technology in combination with an enclosure structure of a deep foundation pit and an actual position relation of a support system, simulating a hoisting and assembling process of the structural beam reinforcement framework, and reasonably carrying out segment division on the structural beam reinforcement framework to ensure smooth hoisting; meanwhile, the structural beam steel reinforcement framework can be prefabricated in sections on the ground in advance through the prefabricated jig frame, the construction period of a main line is not occupied, and the rapid construction of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework of the deep foundation pit is realized. Meanwhile, the installation precision is improved, the operation difficulty is reduced, the problem that the downward-turning groove of the bottom plate is widened and excavated in the traditional process, concrete waste is caused, and the cost is saved. The method effectively solves the problem of slow construction progress of the structural beam in the limited space of the deep foundation pit, has the characteristics of simple operation, good safety and high work efficiency, and has good social benefit and economic benefit.
(2) The construction method adopts centralized prefabrication, production as required, integral hoisting on site and accurate installation, embodies the industrialization, intensification, standardization and standardization of engineering construction, has obvious benefits on shortening the construction period, improving the quality, saving the cost and reducing the safety risk of foundation pit construction, and has wide popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural beam steel reinforcement framework lowering collision inspection;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a pre-form bed;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the pre-form bed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the automatic lifting loading device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a transmission chain and a hook;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower clamp;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper clamp;
FIG. 8 is a structural beam steel reinforcement cage hoisting deformation calculation diagram;
FIG. 9 is a stress calculation graph of a structural beam steel skeleton model;
reference numerals: 10-structural beam steel reinforcement framework, 101-steel support, 102-underground continuous wall, 103-steel support tie beam, 104-concrete wale, 105-concrete support, 1-jig frame body, 2-operation platform, 3-automatic lifting feeding device, 4-lower-layer fixture, 401-underframe, 402-connecting frame, 403-fixture buckle, 404-lower support frame, 405-upper support frame, 406-first positioning hole, 407-second positioning hole, 408-adjusting bolt, 409-reinforcing rod, 5-upper-layer fixture, 501-bolt hole, 502-bolt, 6-main rib spacing positioning fixture, 7-driving motor, 8-driving shaft, 9-transmission chain, 11-driving chain wheel, 12-driven chain wheel, 13-driving chain, 14-hook, 15-safety ladder stand and 16-protective plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Engineering background: the Hangzhou to Haining intercity railway engineering is the first PPP demonstration project in Zhejiang province, the Hangzhou high-speed rail station is the underground three-layer station with the largest whole-line scale, the total length of the outer package of a main foundation pit is 458m, the width of a standard section is 22.1m, the maximum excavation depth is 30m, eight-layer inner supports are arranged, and the safety level is one level. The surrounding environment of the main foundation pit is complex, the east side of the station foundation pit is close to the operated Hangzhou subway No. 1 line, the distance between the east side of the station foundation pit and the operated Hangzhou subway No. 1 line is 31m nearest, and the distance between the east side of the station foundation pit and the operated Hangzhou subway No. 1 line is 43.5m nearest; the big mileage on the north side is close to the underground parking lot in the east lake, and the distance is 2.5 m; the small mileage on the north side is an artificial lake; the south side is the Shanghai Hangzhou high-speed rail, the distance from the south side to a station house is about 140m, and the construction has high requirements on the deformation control of the foundation pit. The geology of the foundation pit is mainly located in clay silt, silt clay-sandwiched silt, fine sand and round gravel soil. The confined water mainly exists in a fine sand layer and a round gravel layer, the silty clay is clamped with silty soil and silty clay to form a relative water-resisting layer, and the confined water head is 6m below the ground; the submerged water level is buried shallowly (0.5 m below the ground), and the foundation pit needs to be sealed quickly after the foundation pit is exposed to the bottom, so that the risks of foundation pit inrush, foundation uplift and the like are reduced. 27.5 ten thousand square foundation pits earthwork of the main body of the station, about 5.7 ten thousand square structural concrete, 1 year of total construction period and short construction period.
A deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) segment division of the structural beam reinforcement framework: before the reinforcement cage is prefabricated, a three-dimensional live-action model is established by combining the BIM technology with the enclosure structure of the foundation pit and the actual position relation of the supporting system, the hoisting and assembling process of the reinforcement cage of the structural beam is simulated, and the section division is carried out on the reinforcement cage of the structural beam reasonably to ensure the smooth hoisting. As shown in fig. 1 (distance unit: mm in the figure), the structural beam steel reinforcement framework 10 is influenced by structures such as a steel support 101, an underground continuous wall 102, a steel support tie beam 103, a concrete wale 104, a concrete support 105 and the like in the lowering process, and the prefabricated structural beam steel reinforcement framework needs to be subjected to segment optimization design before a foundation pit is exposed; in the embodiment, the deep foundation pit is provided with 7 layers of steel supports, a three-dimensional live-action model is established through a BIM technology, the distance between the selected steel supports is 3 meters, and the distance between the underground continuous wall and the tie beam is 9.5 meters; the lengths of the sections of the structural beam steel rib framework are respectively 6.8 meters, 7 meters, 5.5 meters, 6 meters, 6.8 meters, 8 meters, 6 meters and 6 meters, and the widths of the sections are all 1.2 meters.
(2) Prefabricating a steel reinforcement framework of a structural beam: and (3) assembling the prefabricated jig frame, and prefabricating the structural beam reinforcement framework according to the structural beam reinforcement framework sections designed in the step (1) through the prefabricated jig frame. As the structural beam steel rib framework considers the self deformation of the structure and the pile head steel bar collision of the uplift pile in the hoisting process, stirrups within the range of 1m are reserved at two ends respectively for field binding when the structural beam steel rib framework is prefabricated.
The structure of the prefabricated jig frame is shown in figures 2-7: the prefabricated jig frame comprises a jig frame main body 1, an operating platform 2, an automatic lifting and feeding device 3 and a plurality of groups of adjusting and positioning fixtures, wherein the operating platform 2 is installed at the top of the jig frame main body 1, the automatic lifting and feeding device is used for conveying materials to the operating platform, and the groups of adjusting and positioning fixtures are used for adjusting the size of the reinforcing steel bars of the structural beam; the adjusting and positioning fixture comprises a lower-layer fixture 4 fixedly arranged on the ground and an upper-layer fixture 5 positioned above the lower-layer fixture 4, and the upper-layer fixture 5 is detachably connected with the jig frame main body 1; the top surfaces of the lower-layer fixture 4 and the upper-layer fixture 5 are clamped with main rib spacing positioning fixtures 6. Two ends of the upper-layer fixture 5 are provided with bolt holes 501, and bolts 502 penetrate through the bolt holes 501; the upper fixture 5 is detachably connected with the jig frame body 1 through a plug 502. A protection plate 16 is attached to the top surface peripheral side of the operation platform 2. Through installing guard plate 16 in operation platform 1's top surface week side, can prevent the emergence of unexpected condition, improve constructor's personal safety. The safe crawling ladder 15 is installed on the periphery of the jig frame main body 1 and is a personnel up-down channel, so that construction is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the automatic lifting and feeding device 3 comprises a driving motor 7, a driving shaft 8, three sets of chain wheel sets and a transmission chain 9; wherein: an output shaft of the driving motor 7 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 8 through a driving chain 14; two ends of the driving shaft 8 are rotatably connected with the jig frame main body 1; the chain wheel set comprises a driving chain wheel 11 fixedly arranged on the driving shaft 8 and a driven chain wheel 12 fixedly arranged on the top of the jig frame main body 1; the driving chain wheel 11 is meshed with the driven chain wheel 12 through the transmission chain 9; the transmission chain 9 is fixedly connected with a hook 14. The material is transported to the operation platform by the automatic lifting and loading device 3.
As shown in fig. 6-7, the lower fixture 4 includes a bottom frame 401, wherein a supporting frame with adjustable height is symmetrically installed on the top of the bottom frame 401 perpendicular to the bottom frame 401, and a connecting frame 402 is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting frame; the connecting frame 402 is clamped with the main rib spacing positioning clamp 6 through a clamp buckle 403. The support frame comprises a lower support frame 404 and an upper support frame 405 which are sleeved and connected; the lower support frame 404 is a hollow structure and is provided with a first positioning hole 406 along the length direction, and the upper support frame 405 is provided with a second positioning hole 407 matched with the first positioning hole 406 along the length direction; the first positioning hole 406 and the second positioning hole 407 are connected by an adjusting bolt 408. Further preferably, the upper support frame 405 is provided with a reinforcement rod 409 at an upper portion thereof. The stability of support frame can be strengthened through stiffener 409, makes lower floor's fixture more firm. In the construction process, the main reinforcement interval positioning fixture 6 is adapted to different beam widths and beam lengths through replacement and adjustment, and the height of the support frame is adjusted to different beam heights, so that main reinforcements, stirrups and constructional reinforcements can be accurately positioned, and the quality of the prefabricated reinforcement framework is ensured to be qualified.
Before operation, an operator needs to perform comprehensive inspection on the jig frame, and manually assists to place the reinforcing steel bars at the position of the hook 14 of the transmission chain 9; then starting a driving motor 7, driving the driving motor 7 to drive a driving shaft 8 to rotate, driving the driving shaft 8 to drive a chain wheel set to act, further driving a transmission chain 9 to rotate, driving a hook 14 to move, further conveying the reinforcing steel bars to the operation platform 2 on the top surface of the jig frame, and after automatic unloading, manually lifting and placing the reinforcing steel bars to move into an adjusting and positioning clamp; and repeatedly finishing the steel bar feeding process until the requirement of the number of the prefabricated segment steel bars is met. And after the reinforcing steel bars of the reinforcement cage are fed, closing the driving motor and stopping feeding. Binding and forming the structural beam steel reinforcement framework on the jig frame, pulling out the bolts 502 at two ends of the upper fixture 5 after the binding is finished, and hanging out the structural beam steel reinforcement framework to the storage platform after the structural beam steel reinforcement framework is freely placed. And then repeating the steps to prefabricate the next section of structural beam reinforcement framework. After the steel bar framework of the structural beam is prefabricated, the sporadic materials of the jig frame and applicable tools are cleaned. And (5) turning off the power supply, and taking measures of preventing rain by a motor and a switch so that people can leave.
(3) Hoisting a steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam: the single structural beam steel rib framework is hoisted by adopting 4 points, taking the largest structural beam steel rib framework as 1.2 multiplied by 8 meters as an example, the first row of hoisting points are at the position of 2.5 meters at the end, the second row of hoisting points are at the position of 5.5 meters, and the transverse hoisting points are at the positions of 0.4 meter and 0.8 meter respectively; meanwhile, the deformation condition of the steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam is calculated by adopting Midas civil structure calculation software, as shown in figures 8-9,the maximum deformation of the steel bar framework of the structural beam in the hoisting process is 7mm (see figure 8), and the maximum stress value is 179N/mm2(see FIG. 9). According to the hoisting weight of the single structural beam steel reinforcement framework, a proper crane is selected, and a hoisting point is arranged at the position where the bending moment of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework is minimum, so that the minimum deformation of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework under the most unfavorable working condition is ensured.
(4) The steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam is lowered and rotated: before the structural beam steel reinforcement framework is lowered, simulating lowering collision and rotation conditions of the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks of all sections by using a BIM technology; after the simulation is finished, lowering the structural beam reinforcement framework to be 5-10cm above the waterproof protective layer through a crane, suspending the structural beam reinforcement framework, and manually assisting to rotate to realize accurate positioning of the structural beam reinforcement framework in the foundation pit;
(5) connecting the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks: in order to ensure that the section structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks are smoothly connected, in the connection process, a crane is needed to be matched with manpower, the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks are suspended again by hoisting through the crane, the side edges of the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks are manually pushed to finally enable the connection joints to be on the same straight line, and finally, the sleeves are screwed up manually by using a socket wrench.

Claims (5)

1. A deep foundation pit structural beam reinforcement framework modularization rapid construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) segment division of the structural beam reinforcement framework: before the reinforcement cage is prefabricated, a three-dimensional live-action model is established by utilizing the BIM technology in combination with the actual position relation of the building enclosure structure and the support system of the deep foundation pit, the hoisting and assembling process of the reinforcement cage of the structural beam is simulated, and the reinforcement cage of the structural beam is reasonably divided into sections;
(2) prefabricating a steel reinforcement framework of a structural beam: assembling the prefabricated jig frame, and prefabricating the structural beam steel reinforcement framework according to the section of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework designed in the step (1) through the prefabricated jig frame;
(3) hoisting a steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam: arranging a lifting point at the position where the bending moment of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework is minimum, ensuring that the structural beam steel reinforcement framework has minimum deformation under the most unfavorable working condition, and transferring the structural beam steel reinforcement framework into a foundation pit through a crane;
(4) the steel reinforcement framework of the structural beam is lowered and rotated: lowering the structural beam steel reinforcement framework to be 5-10cm above the waterproof protective layer in the foundation pit, suspending the structural beam steel reinforcement framework, and manually assisting to rotate to realize accurate positioning of the structural beam steel reinforcement framework in the foundation pit; simulating the lowering collision and rotation conditions of the steel bar frameworks of the structural beams of all sections by using a BIM technology;
(5) connecting the structural beam steel reinforcement frameworks: after the reinforcing cage of the structural beam is placed and finished, the sections are connected by the sleeves.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the deep foundation pit is provided with 7 layers of steel supports, and a three-dimensional live-action model is established through a BIM technology.
3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the prefabricated jig frame comprises a jig frame main body, and an operation platform is installed at the top of the jig frame main body; the prefabricated jig frame also comprises an automatic lifting and feeding device for conveying materials to the operating platform and a plurality of groups of adjusting and positioning fixtures for adjusting the size of the steel bars of the structural beam; the adjusting and positioning fixture comprises a lower fixture fixedly arranged on the ground and an upper fixture positioned above the lower fixture, and the upper fixture is detachably connected with the jig frame main body; and the top surfaces of the lower-layer fixture and the upper-layer fixture are clamped with main rib spacing positioning fixtures.
4. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the deformation condition of each steel bar is calculated by adopting Midas civil structure calculation software in the process of hoisting the steel bar framework of the structural beam.
5. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), in order to ensure that the section-structure beam steel reinforcement frameworks are connected smoothly, in the connection process, a crane is required to be matched with manual work, the structure beam steel reinforcement frameworks are suspended again by hoisting through the crane, the side edges of the structure beam steel reinforcement frameworks are pushed manually, the connection joints are finally enabled to be on the same straight line, and finally, the sleeves are screwed up manually by using a socket wrench.
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