CN110700211A - Construction method of fabricated steel tube sheet formwork suitable for rapid lining of horseshoe-shaped tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an assembled steel tube sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, which comprises: determining the positions of the foot formwork, the shoulder formwork and the capping formwork according to the design of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, the excavation size and the lining force, and determining the positions of the foot formwork, the shoulder formwork and the capping formwork; During excavation, the casing is pre-buried in the surrounding rock corresponding to the shoulder formwork, and the foot formwork, the shoulder formwork and the capping formwork are prefabricated and installed; The formwork and surrounding rock make the formwork stable when pouring concrete without a large lining trolley; the overall structure of the formwork unit is simple, which greatly reduces the engineering cost.

Description

Construction method of fabricated steel tube sheet formwork suitable for rapid lining of horseshoe-shaped tunnels

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel lining, in particular to a construction method of an assembled steel pipe sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel.

Background technique

The horseshoe shape is the most common type in hydraulic tunnels. The speed of tunnel lining has a great impact on the progress and safety of the project. At present, steel formwork trolleys are mostly used for tunnel lining formwork. On the other hand, the poured concrete needs to reach a certain strength before the formwork can be removed and used for the next lining section. In addition, due to the cost of the steel formwork trolley and the traffic in the tunnel, the use efficiency of the formwork is not high, which directly affects the performance of the entire tunnel. Lining speed. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the efficiency of tunnel lining to study a formwork with low cost, self-stable and quick disassembly and assembly to utilize it in tunnel lining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, this method proposes a construction method of assembled steel tube sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of horseshoe-shaped tunnels, which can effectively improve the efficiency.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a construction method for an assembled steel pipe sheet formwork suitable for rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Design

According to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the stress of the lining, the steel tube sheet formwork lining the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is designed to be a formwork unit 2-4m along the tunnel axis; wherein, the formwork unit includes a foot formwork and a shoulder formwork. and capping formwork; the shoulder formwork can be installed on the reinforced concrete bottom plate through the foot formwork, and the capping formwork can be installed on the shoulder formwork; the arch effect is formed by using the connection between the foot formwork, the shoulder formwork and the capping formwork, which can effectively achieve self-stabilization;

Step 2: Excavation

The horseshoe-shaped tunnel is excavated in sections, and the casing is embedded in the corresponding surrounding rock of the formwork unit;

Step 3: Prefab

The formwork unit is prefabricated in the steel tube sheet formwork processing plant; wherein, the formwork unit has holes corresponding to the embedded casing;

Step 4: Assembly

Build a reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and bind the reinforcement mesh blocks of the upper structure, and then erect the prefabricated formwork unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel formwork unit is completed; , the assembly and fixing sequence of the formwork unit in the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is: foot formwork, shoulder formwork, and finally the capping formwork;

Step 5: Pour

After the horseshoe-shaped steel tube sheet formwork is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, the connecting nuts on the shoulder formwork are cut off, the formwork is removed, and the remaining bolts in the concrete are treated with epoxy mortar;

Step 6: Continue Construction

Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the lining of the entire horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

Further, the foot formwork, the shoulder formwork and the capping formwork are all composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing rib plates welded on the inner side of the steel plate body, and the thickness of the reinforcing rib plates is 5-10 mm.

As an improved solution of the present invention, when the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is greater than or equal to 5m, the shoulder formwork can be split again, and the splitting point should be avoided in the position where the force is greater. The splitting scheme includes the following three:

First, the shoulder formwork is composed of a plurality of sub-first shoulder formwork; each of the sub-first shoulder formwork includes a first steel plate body, and a first transverse rib and a first longitudinal rib arranged on the first steel plate body. The outermost first transverse rib is provided with connecting holes, and the sub-first shoulder formwork is connected by connecting holes and high-strength bolts; the assembly is more flexible in use, and the shoulder formwork is split into sub-first shoulder formwork Afterwards, it is easier to transport.

Second, the shoulder formwork is composed of a plurality of sub-second shoulder formwork; each of the sub-second shoulder formwork includes a second steel plate body, a second transverse rib and a second longitudinal rib arranged on the second steel plate body. , and the connecting inserts and connecting jacks respectively arranged on the two outermost second transverse ribs; and the second outermost second transverse ribs and the connecting jacks are provided with connecting holes, and the second shoulder template They are connected by connecting holes and high-strength bolts.

Thirdly, the shoulder template includes a support frame and a second shoulder template; the support frame includes two side brackets, 5 to 10 support plates evenly arranged on the two side brackets, and arranged on the two side brackets. Reinforcing rod located between two support plates; the second shoulder formwork is composed of rectangular steel plate and side rib welded around the steel plate; the second shoulder formwork can be installed between the two support plates; It is more convenient to install the support frame and the shoulder formwork first, and then push the second shoulder formwork to the reserved position in the support frame; such a structure is more convenient for transportation.

Further, the capping formwork also includes a construction safety frame, and the construction safety frame adopts a steel frame, and specifically includes an arc-shaped arch rod, a load column, a load beam, a load-sharing column and a longitudinal beam; the load beam can be mounted on the The upper end of the load column, and the load beam and the load column are in a cubic structure; the arc-shaped arch rods can be installed on the opposite load columns in the cube structure; the load-sharing columns are evenly installed on the arc-shaped arch rod and the load column. The beams are used to support the arc-shaped arch rods; the longitudinal beams are evenly installed between the load beams and between the arc-shaped arch rods; the construction safety frame is further used to reinforce the capping formwork, which can reduce the arch effect and become the shoulder formwork belt. It can effectively enhance the safety of construction.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method adopted in the present invention can improve the construction efficiency of tunnel lining; the formwork itself has an arch effect, and high-strength bolts are added to connect the shoulder formwork and the surrounding rock, so that the formwork does not need to be Large lining trolleys can stabilize themselves while pouring concrete. At the same time, the use of anchor bolts makes the foot formwork and the bottom reinforced concrete base plate tightly combined, and the upper load is transferred to the bottom reinforced concrete base plate, which can effectively bear the loads such as pouring and vibration; The structure is simple, which greatly reduces the engineering cost.

1. Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the shoulder formwork of the embodiment of the present invention 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the shoulder top formwork of the embodiment of the present invention 3;

Fig. 5 is the exploded view of the shoulder top formwork of the embodiment of the present invention 4;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the construction safety frame of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Among them, 1-foot formwork, 2-shoulder formwork, 21-sub-first shoulder formwork, 211-first steel plate body, 212-first transverse rib, 213-first longitudinal rib, 22-sub-second shoulder formwork , 221-Second steel plate body, 222-Second transverse rib, 223-Second longitudinal rib, 224-Connecting insert, 225-Connecting jack, 231-Support frame, 2311-Edge bracket, 2312-Support plate , 232-Second shoulder formwork, 3-Capping formwork, 4-Sleeve, 5-Reinforced concrete bottom plate, 6-Anchor bolts, 7-High-strength bolts, 8-Construction safety frame, 81-Arc arch rod, 82- Load column, 83-load beam, 84-shared column, 85-stringer.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, a construction method of an assembled steel pipe sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Design

According to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining force, the steel tube sheet formwork lining the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is designed to be a formwork unit 2m along the tunnel axis, wherein the formwork unit includes foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping Formwork 3; specifically: according to the horseshoe-shaped tunnel design and excavation size, as well as the lining stress, determine the positions of foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping formwork 3; and locally strengthen the lower end of foot formwork 1, which is convenient The installation of the foot template 1 improves the stability of the foot template 1;

Step 2: Excavation

The horseshoe-shaped tunnel is excavated in sections, and the casing 4 is pre-buried in the surrounding rock corresponding to the shoulder formwork 2 of the formwork unit;

Step 3: Prefab

The formwork unit is prefabricated in the steel tube sheet formwork processing plant; among them, the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the top formwork 3 are all steel frame structures, and the depth of the formwork unit is 2m, and the shoulder formwork 2 corresponds to the embedded casing 4 Part openings; foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping formwork 3 are all composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs welded on the inner side of the steel plate body, wherein the thickness of the steel plate body is 10mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs is 8mm;

Step 4: Assembly

Build a reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and bind the reinforcement mesh blocks of the upper structure, and then erect the prefabricated formwork unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel formwork unit is completed; Among them, when erecting the formwork unit, the anchor bolts 6 are used to connect the reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 and the foot formwork 1 at the bottom of the tunnel for the first time; Then, push the capping formwork 3 to the installation position at the top of the tunnel, and connect it with the shoulder formwork 2 on the left and right sides through the high-strength bolts 7 to form a unit formwork ring; use high-strength bolts to connect the pre-embedded The casing 4 and the shoulder formwork 2 prevent slipping and running of the form when pouring concrete;

Step 5: Pour

After the horseshoe-shaped steel tube sheet formwork is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, the connecting nuts on the shoulder formwork are cut off, the formwork is removed, and the remaining bolts in the concrete are treated with epoxy mortar;

Step 6: Continue Construction

Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the lining of the entire horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

Embodiment 2: What is different from Embodiment 1 is: a construction method for an assembled steel tube sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Design

According to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining force, the steel tube sheet formwork lining the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is designed to be a formwork unit 2m along the tunnel axis. The formwork unit includes foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping formwork 3 ;Specifically: according to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining stress, determine the positions of the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the capping formwork 3; and locally strengthen the lower end of the foot formwork 1, which can facilitate the foot formwork 1 installation, improve the stability of foot formwork 1; determine the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, when the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is greater than or equal to 5m, split the shoulder formwork 2;

Step 2: Excavation

The horseshoe-shaped tunnel is excavated in sections, and the casing 4 is pre-buried in the surrounding rock corresponding to the shoulder formwork 2 of the formwork unit;

Step 3: Prefab

The formwork unit is prefabricated in the steel tube sheet formwork processing plant; among them, the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the top formwork 3 are all steel frame structures, and the depth of the formwork unit is 2m, and the shoulder formwork 2 corresponds to the embedded casing 4 Part openings; foot formwork 1 and top formwork 3 are both composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs welded on the inside of the steel plate body, wherein the thickness of the steel plate body is 10mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs is 10mm; as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the shoulder formwork 2 is composed of a plurality of sub-first shoulder formwork 21; The outermost first transverse rib 212 is provided with a connecting hole, and the thickness of the first steel plate body 211, the first transverse rib 212 and the first longitudinal rib 213 are all 10 mm;

Step 4: Assembly

Build a reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and bind the reinforcement mesh blocks of the upper structure, and then erect the prefabricated formwork unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel formwork unit is completed; Among them, when erecting the formwork unit, the anchor bolts 6 are used to connect the reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 and the foot formwork 1 at the bottom of the tunnel for the first time; and connected by high-strength bolts 7, wherein the sub-first steel plate bodies 211 are also connected by high-strength bolts 7; then the capping formwork 3 is pushed to the installation position at the top of the tunnel, and the shoulders on the left and right sides are connected by high-strength bolts 7. The formwork 2 is connected to form a unit formwork ring; high-strength bolts are used to connect the embedded casing 4 and the shoulder formwork 2 to prevent slipping and running of formwork during concrete pouring;

Step 5: Pour

After the horseshoe-shaped steel tube sheet formwork is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, the connecting nuts on the shoulder formwork are cut off, the formwork is removed, and the remaining bolts in the concrete are treated with epoxy mortar;

Step 6: Continue Construction

Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the lining of the entire horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

Embodiment 3: What is different from Embodiment 1 is: a construction method for an assembled steel tube sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Design

According to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining force, the steel tube sheet formwork lining the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is designed to be a formwork unit 2m along the tunnel axis. The formwork unit includes foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping formwork 3 ;Specifically: according to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining stress, determine the positions of the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the capping formwork 3; and locally strengthen the lower end of the foot formwork 1, which can facilitate the foot formwork 1 installation, improve the stability of foot formwork 1; determine the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, when the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is greater than or equal to 5m, split the shoulder formwork 2;

Step 2: Excavation

The horseshoe-shaped tunnel is excavated in sections, and the casing 4 is pre-buried in the surrounding rock corresponding to the shoulder formwork 2 of the formwork unit;

Step 3: Prefab

The formwork unit is prefabricated in the steel tube sheet formwork processing plant; among them, the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the top formwork 3 are all steel frame structures, and the depth of the formwork unit is 2m, and the shoulder formwork 2 corresponds to the embedded casing 4 Part openings; foot formwork 1 and capping formwork 3 are both composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs welded on the inner side of the steel plate body, wherein the thickness of the steel plate body is 10mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs is 10mm; as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the shoulder formwork 2 is composed of a plurality of sub-second shoulder formwork 22; 223, and the connecting inserts 224 and the connecting jacks 225 respectively arranged on the two outermost second transverse ribs 222; and the second outermost second transverse ribs 222 and the connecting jacks 225 are provided with connecting holes ; The thickness of the first steel plate body 211, the first transverse rib 212, and the first longitudinal rib 213 are all 10mm; the thickness of the connecting inserts 224 is 8mm;

Step 4: Assembly

Build a reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and bind the reinforcement mesh blocks of the upper structure, and then erect the prefabricated formwork unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel formwork unit is completed; Among them, when erecting the formwork unit, the anchor bolts 6 are used to connect the reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 and the foot formwork 1 at the bottom of the tunnel for the first time; and connected by high-strength bolts 7, wherein the sub-second shoulder formwork 22 is inserted into the connection jack 225 through the connecting insert 224 and then inserted into the connection hole with high-strength bolts 7 to fix; then push the capping formwork 3 to the top of the tunnel for installation Position, through high-strength bolts 7 are connected with the shoulder formwork 2 on the left and right sides to form a unit formwork ring; high-strength bolts are used to connect the embedded casing 4 and the shoulder formwork 2 to prevent slipping and running of formwork when pouring concrete;

Step 5: Pour

After the horseshoe-shaped steel tube sheet formwork is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, the connecting nuts on the shoulder formwork are cut off, the formwork is removed, and the remaining bolts in the concrete are treated with epoxy mortar;

Step 6: Continue Construction

Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the lining of the entire horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

Embodiment 4: What is different from Embodiment 1 is: a construction method of an assembled steel tube sheet formwork suitable for the rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Design

According to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining force, the steel tube sheet formwork lining the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is designed to be a formwork unit 2m along the tunnel axis. The formwork unit includes foot formwork 1, shoulder formwork 2 and capping formwork 3 ;Specifically: according to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, as well as the lining stress, determine the positions of the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the capping formwork 3; and locally strengthen the lower end of the foot formwork 1, which can facilitate the foot formwork 1 installation, improve the stability of foot formwork 1; determine the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, when the height of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel is greater than or equal to 5m, split the shoulder formwork 2;

Step 2: Excavation

The horseshoe-shaped tunnel is excavated in sections, and the casing 4 is pre-buried in the surrounding rock corresponding to the shoulder formwork 2 of the formwork unit;

Step 3: Prefab

The formwork unit is prefabricated in the steel tube sheet formwork processing plant; among them, the foot formwork 1, the shoulder formwork 2 and the top formwork 3 are all steel frame structures, and the depth of the formwork unit is 2m, and the shoulder formwork 2 corresponds to the embedded casing 4 Part openings; foot formwork 1 and capping formwork 3 are both composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs welded on the inside of the steel plate body, wherein the thickness of the steel plate body is 10mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs is 10mm; as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the shoulder template 2 includes a support frame 231 and a second shoulder template 232; the support frame 231 includes two side brackets 2311, 5 to 10 support plates 2312 evenly arranged on the two side brackets 2311, and arranged on the two side brackets 2312. A reinforcing rod 2313 on the bracket 2311 located between the two support plates 2312; the second shoulder formwork 232 is composed of a rectangular steel plate and a side rib welded around the steel plate; the second shoulder formwork 232 can be installed between the two support plates 2312 ; The thickness of the rectangular steel plate is 10mm; the thickness of the side rib is 8mm;

Step 4: Assembly

Build a reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, and bind the reinforcement mesh blocks of the upper structure, and then erect the prefabricated formwork unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel formwork unit is completed; Among them, when erecting the formwork unit, the anchor bolts 6 are used to connect the reinforced concrete bottom plate 5 and the foot formwork 1 at the bottom of the tunnel for the first time; The shoulder formwork 232 is pushed between the two support plates 2312, and then the capping formwork 3 is pushed to the installation position at the top of the tunnel, and is connected to both sides of the support frame 231 by high-strength bolts 7; thus forming a unit formwork ring; high-strength bolts are used to connect the pre-embedded The casing 4 and the shoulder formwork 2 prevent slipping and running of the form when pouring concrete;

Step 5: Pour

After the horseshoe-shaped steel tube sheet formwork is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, the connecting nuts on the shoulder formwork are cut off, the formwork is removed, and the remaining bolts in the concrete are treated with epoxy mortar;

Step 6: Continue Construction

Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the lining of the entire horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

Embodiment 5: The difference from Embodiment 1 is: as shown in Figure 2, when assembling, the construction safety frame 8 is used for protection construction; as shown in Figure 6, the construction safety frame 8 adopts a steel skeleton, which specifically includes an arc shape. The arch rod 81, the load column 82, the load beam 83, the load sharing column 84 and the longitudinal beam 85; the load beam 83 can be mounted on the upper end of the load column 82, and the load beam 83 and the load column 82 have a cubic structure; the arc-shaped arch rod 81 can Installed on the two opposite load columns 82 in the cubic structure; the load sharing columns 84 are evenly installed between the arc-shaped arch rods 81 and the load beams 83 to support the arc-shaped arch rods 81; the longitudinal beams 85 are evenly installed on the load beams 83 between the arc-shaped arch rods 81 .

Claims (7)

1. A construction method of an assembled steel segment template suitable for rapid lining of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: design of

Designing a steel pipe sheet template lined in the horseshoe-shaped tunnel into a template unit 2-4 m along the axial direction of the tunnel according to the design and excavation size of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel and the stress condition of lining; the template unit comprises a foot template (1), a shoulder template (2) and a capping template (3); the shoulder formwork (2) can be arranged on the reinforced concrete bottom plate through the foot formwork (1), and the capping formwork (3) can be arranged on the shoulder formwork (2);

step two: excavating

Excavating the horseshoe-shaped tunnel in a sectional mode, and embedding a sleeve in the surrounding rock corresponding to the template unit;

step three: prefabricated building block

Prefabricating the template unit in a steel pipe sheet template processing factory; wherein, the shoulder template (2) is provided with a hole at the corresponding part of the embedded sleeve;

step four: assembly

Constructing a reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of the excavated horseshoe-shaped tunnel, binding an upper structural reinforced net block, and erecting a prefabricated template unit on the reinforced concrete bottom plate; until the installation of the template unit of the excavated horseshoe tunnel is finished;

step five: pouring

After the U-shaped steel pipe sheet template is assembled and fixed, concrete is poured; after the concrete reaches the preset strength, cutting off the connecting nut on the shoulder template, dismantling the template, and treating the residual bolts in the concrete by adopting epoxy mortar;

step six: continuous construction

And repeating the second step and the fifth step until the lining construction of the whole horseshoe-shaped tunnel is completed.

2. The construction method of the assembled steel segment formwork suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the foot formwork (1), the shoulder formwork (2) and the top sealing formwork (3) are all composed of a steel plate body and longitudinal and transverse reinforcing rib plates welded on the inner side of the steel plate body.

3. The construction method of the assembled steel segment template suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 1, wherein when the height of the horseshoe tunnel is more than or equal to 5m, the shoulder template (2) can be detached again.

4. The construction method of the assembled steel segment template suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that the shoulder template (2) is composed of a plurality of sub first shoulder templates (21); each sub first shoulder formwork (21) comprises a first steel plate body (211), a first cross rib plate (212) and a first longitudinal rib plate (213) which are arranged on the first steel plate body (211), connecting holes are formed in the first cross rib plate (212) at the outermost end, and the sub first shoulder formwork (21) is connected through the connecting holes and high-strength bolts.

5. The construction method of the assembled steel segment template suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that the shoulder template (2) is composed of a plurality of sub-second shoulder templates (22); each sub second shoulder formwork (22) comprises a second steel plate body (221), second cross ribs (222) and second longitudinal ribs (223) which are arranged on the second steel plate body (221), and connecting inserting strips (224) and connecting inserting holes (225) which are respectively arranged on the two outermost second cross ribs (222); and the second cross rib plate (222) at the outermost end and the connecting jack (225) are both provided with connecting holes, and the second shoulder formwork (22) is connected through the connecting holes and high-strength bolts.

6. The construction method of the assembled steel segment template suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the shoulder template (2) comprises a support frame (231) and a second shoulder template (232); the supporting frame (231) comprises two edge supports (2311), 5-10 supporting plates (2312) uniformly arranged on the two edge supports (2311), and reinforcing rods (2313) arranged between the two supporting plates (2312) on the two edge supports (2311); the second shoulder template (232) is composed of a rectangular steel plate and side rib plates welded on the periphery of the steel plate; the second shoulder form (232) can be mounted between two support plates (2312).

7. The construction method of the assembled steel segment template suitable for the rapid lining of the horseshoe tunnel according to claim 1, wherein after the template is removed, the residual bolts in the concrete are treated by epoxy mortar.

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