CN110692831A - Hematopoietic immunity-enhancing pig re-breeding feed - Google Patents
Hematopoietic immunity-enhancing pig re-breeding feed Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
Abstract
The invention provides a pig re-breeding material for hematopoietic and immune enhancement, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of carrot, 10-15 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 20-30 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 5-10 parts of fingered citron, 5-10 parts of hawthorn, 1.5-3 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 5-8 parts of green tea powder, 15-20 parts of millet and 15-20 parts of flower bean (red); the preparation process of the hematopoietic immunity-enhancing pig compound feed is optimized, the compound feed is prepared into granules, and the cost is low and the operation is simple. The hematopoietic and immunity-enhancing pig re-feeding material can improve the hematopoietic capacity of pigs and improve the immunity through the selection and the compounding of the components; meanwhile, the hematopoietic and immune-enhancing pig compound feed is prepared into granular feed which can be digested and absorbed better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pig feed processing, and particularly relates to a pig re-breeding feed for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The defense function of the immune system enables the body to have three lines of defense: first, skin and mucous membranes function to block and kill pathogens, cleaning foreign bodies. Second, the bactericidal substances (e.g., lysozyme) and phagocytes in the body fluids function to lyse, phagocytose, and destroy pathogens. It is noted that the surface of erythrocytes has lysozyme, and thus has phagocytic function, and furthermore, the immunoadhesion of erythrocytes can increase the phagocytic capacity of leukocytes (4-5 times). And a third step: the immune response, which is mediated by immune cells and immune factors, functions to produce antibodies and destroy pathogens (i.e., antigens). The third line of defense is a very targeted immunity generated under the stimulation of antigen, and key factors influencing the line of defense are as follows: 1. production of antibodies: anemia directly affects antibody production. Antibodies are produced by the body through a series of biochemical processes that typically require the involvement of various enzymes, factors that affect enzymatic reactions are temperature, pH and substrate concentration, and anemia affects the temperature and pH of enzymatic reactions, thus directly affecting antibody production. Liu Ping Xiang, et al (2019) found that hemoglobin concentration is positively correlated with swine fever antibody level. 2. Antigen-antibody reaction: there are many factors that affect antigen-antibody reactions, two of the important controllable factors being temperature and pH. Since anemia affects the temperature and pH of the body, anemia affects antigen-antibody responses.
The red blood cells not only have direct and auxiliary sterilization functions, but also influence the antibody production and antigen-antibody reaction by influencing the temperature and pH of the body, thereby influencing the immunity of animals, so the red blood cells are also important immune cells.
Bone marrow is not only an important hematopoietic organ, but also an important immune organ, and is one of the sites where the immune cells of the body are generated, matured or distributed intensively, for example: lymphocytes playing an important role in immunity originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, and are differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells. Thus, when the hematopoietic function of the body is enhanced, not only erythropoiesis is increased, but also other important immune cells such as NK killer cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes are increased, thereby enhancing the immune status of the animal.
The normal value of porcine hemoglobin concentration is 110g/L, and the hemoglobin threshold for subclinical and clinical anemia is shown in Table 1. Investigations from the United states, Denmark, Canada, Norway have shown that anemia exists in 75% of pig farms, with hemoglobin concentrations below 110g/L, and hemoglobin concentrations below 90g/L in 20% of pigs. A large amount of tests are carried out on domestic pig farms, the phenomenon of anemia is more common, the hemoglobin concentration of 96 percent of sows is lower than 110g/L, and the hemoglobin concentration of 29.5 percent of sows is lower than 90g/L (data to be published).
TABLE 1 hemoglobin thresholds for subclinical and clinical anemia
The problem of anemia and low immunity of pigs needs to be solved by adding a feed additive with a nutritional function to the existing basic feed of the pigs. The existing nutritional functional feed additives are many, but have several defects from the perspective of absorption and utilization: firstly, the added nutrient components are single, and the problems of anemia and low immunity of pigs cannot be obviously improved; secondly, most of the nutritional functional feed additives are directly added into the basic feed as powder, and the feed intake and the digestion and absorption rate of the pigs are poor when the pigs are eaten.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the hematopoietic immunity-enhancing pig compound feed, which can improve the hematopoietic capacity of pigs and improve the immunity through the selection and the compounding of components; meanwhile, the particles are prepared, so that the digestion and absorption can be better realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pig re-feeding material for hematopoietic and immune enhancement comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of carrot, 10-15 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 20-30 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 5-10 parts of fingered citron, 5-10 parts of hawthorn, 1.5-3 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 5-8 parts of green tea powder, 15-20 parts of millet and 15-20 parts of flower bean (red);
the preparation method of the hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig compound feed comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing carrot, strong-smelling preserved bean curd, wet fermented soybean meal, fingered citron and hawthorn, and crushing until the particle size is less than 0.5um, then putting the obtained mixed raw material into a stirring device, adding water accounting for 15-25% of the total weight of the mixed raw material into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain a wet mixed raw material; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing the wild jujube kernel powder, the green tea powder, the millet and the flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Hematopoietic immunopotentiation: red blood cells are also immune cells, and hematopoiesis can increase the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and the like, so that hematopoiesis is the origin of all blood cells and immune cells and is important for nonspecific immunity (or resistance) of the body. Certain vitamins have immunoregulatory functions, for example, vitamin A has the function of preventing and resisting body infection, and carotene can enhance the function of immune cells.
The carrot and wet fermented soybean meal promote the absorption and utilization of vitamin A:
some beta-carotene in carrots is converted into vitamin A in the body, vitamin A has an important role in preventing and resisting body infection, however, vitamin A cannot be utilized by the body if zinc is lacked. Vitamin a is only transported in the blood after binding to the zinc-rich protein. The wet fermented soybean meal is rich in high protein, and the zinc content of the wet fermented soybean meal is listed as the top cogongrass in plants, so that the absorption and utilization of the vitamin A are promoted.
The carrot and wet fermented soybean meal promote the absorption and utilization of carotene:
1) the carotene functions are as follows: carotene is a physiologically active substance that quenches peroxides that cause immunosuppression, helps maintain the state of membrane receptors necessary for immune function, acts on the release of immunoregulatory molecules, and by the above mechanism, enhances the function of immune cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages or NK cells. In addition, carotene has hematopoietic function, and can improve animal anemia.
2) Absorption and utilization of carotene: the absorption of carotene is physically diffuse, and the amount of absorption is somewhat related to the amount of intake. The absorption site of carotene is in small intestine, and the cell of small intestine contains carotene dioxygenase, so that carotene entering the cell of small intestine is decomposed into retinaldehyde or retinol. The protein level in the ration also affects the absorption of carotene, and the increase of the protein level is beneficial to the breakdown of the carotene into retinal, thereby being beneficial to the maintenance of the carotene gradient diffusion; the content of crude protein in the daily ration is sufficient, so that the activity of carotene double-oxidase can be improved, and the decomposition of carotene entering small intestine cells can be improved. The carrot contains a large amount of carotene, and the addition of the wet fermented soybean meal can improve the protein level in the daily ration by 1-2%, so that the absorption and utilization of the carotene are promoted.
The strong-smelling preserved bean curd, the wet fermented bean pulp, the fingered citron and the hawthorn can promote the absorption and utilization of the vitamin B12:
1) function of vitamin B12: vitamin B12 can promote the development and maturation of erythrocytes. Methylmalonyl-coa is converted to succinyl-coa, which is involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, where succinyl-coa is involved in the synthesis of heme.
2) Absorption and utilization of vitamin B12: vitamin B12 in food is combined with protein, enters digestive tract of body, and under the action of gastric acid, pepsin and trypsin, vitamin B12 is released and combined with glycoprotein Intrinsic Factor (IF) secreted by gastric mucosa cell. The vitamin B12-IF complex is absorbed in the ileum. The vitamin B12 in the strong-smelling preserved bean curd and the wet fermented bean pulp is rich in plants, and the fingered citron and the hawthorn can promote the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin and trypsin of the pigs, so that the absorption and utilization of the vitamin B12 are increased.
Soothing nerves and helping sleep: under normal conditions, the body can generate antibodies to various invaded antigen substances and remove the antibodies through immune reaction, so that the body is protected to be healthy. The sleep can enhance the antibody generating capability of the body, thereby enhancing the resistance of the body; meanwhile, the sleep can accelerate the self-healing of each tissue and organ.
1) Tranquilization: the wild jujube kernel powder and the green tea powder have the nerve-soothing effect that:
the most main function of the spina date seed is to calm the nerves and enter liver, gallbladder and heart channels, so the spina date seed has a good conditioning effect on symptoms such as insomnia and the like. The wild jujube seed has a partial sour taste, so the wild jujube seed can also have the effect of astringing yin on the liver and can clear away liver fire. The semen Ziziphi Spinosae is rich in fatty oil, mostly unsaturated fatty acid, and has tranquilizing and hypnotic effects. The double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids are unstable and are easily oxidized to generate secondary oxidized compounds, such as acetaldehyde, valeraldehyde, heptaldehyde, octaldehyde and the like, which influence the exertion of the efficacy of the wild jujube kernel oil. Polyphenols (mainly flavonoids) in green tea have been shown to have redox potential and thus green tea powder has potential antioxidant properties.
2) Sleep aiding: melatonin (also known as melatonin, melatonine, melanostatin and pineal hormone) is an amine hormone produced by pineal bodies of mammals and humans, and the biological functions of the melatonin, particularly the health-care function of the melatonin serving as a dietary supplement, are widely researched at home and abroad, so that the melatonin has multiple physiological functions of promoting sleep, regulating immunity, resisting tumors and the like. This hormone is synthesized in the pineal gland using tryptophan as a substrate, and when the supply of tryptophan in the body is insufficient, the production of melatonin is reduced, thereby affecting the sleep of pigs. The tryptophan content in millet is the head of cereals, and the tryptophan content in the flower bean (red) is the head of beans, so that the supply of raw materials in the synthesis process of the melatonin is ensured.
Preferably, the moisture content of the wet fermented soybean meal is 33-35%. Researches show that when the moisture content of the wet fermented soybean meal is 33-35%, the wet fermented soybean meal can be more easily prepared into granules, and has better digestion and absorption effects for pigs.
The preparation method of the wet fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a zymocyte liquid by using bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae;
s2, uniformly mixing the zymophyte liquid obtained in the step S1, bean pulp, xylanase, acid protease, glucose and water, wherein the water content of the materials is 30-40%;
s3, fermenting the material obtained in the step S2 at the temperature of 28-35 ℃ for 72-96h to form wet fermented soybean meal.
Preferably, the zymocyte liquid in S1 is prepared from Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by mixing according to a volume ratio of 1-3:1-4:1-4 after single strain is subjected to amplification culture; the viable count of the bacillus subtilis liquid is 5 multiplied by 109-1×1010cfu/ml; the viable count of the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid is 3 multiplied by 108-1×109cfu/ml; the number of viable bacteria in the saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial liquid is 4 multiplied by 108-2×109cfu/ml。
Preferably, the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid, the soybean meal, the xylanase, the acid protease, the glucose and the water in S2 is 15-25: 1000: 0.4-0.6: 0.6-1.0: 10-15: 540-; 10000IU/g of xylanase, 50000IU/g of acid protease and 35-45 ℃ of water.
Preferably, the fermentation of S3 is performed for 60-96h, wherein the 0-36h is aerobic fermentation under ventilation, and the 37-96h is anaerobic fermentation.
In the preparation process of the wet fermented soybean meal, the fermentation process is further optimized by optimizing the selection of strains of the fermented soybean meal, the use ratio of different strains and the selection and compounding of enzyme preparations, so that the degradation effect of anti-nutritional factors of the soybean meal is greatly improved, the digestibility of nutrients in the soybean meal is high, and the absorption effect is better.
Preferably, the hematopoietic and immune enhancing pig re-feeding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of carrot, 12 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 25 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of fingered citron, 7 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 7 parts of green tea powder, 18 parts of millet and 17 parts of flower bean (red).
More preferably, the hematopoietic and immune enhancing pig re-feeding material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of carrot, 12 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 25 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of fingered citron, 7 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 7 parts of green tea powder, 18 parts of millet and 17 parts of flower bean (red).
Specifically, the strong-smelling preserved bean curd is conventional strong-smelling preserved bean curd in the field, and is preferably prepared by taking high-quality soybeans with high protein content as raw materials through multiple processes of bean soaking, pulp grinding, pulp filtering, marinating, early fermentation, pickling and later fermentation.
The addition amount of the pig re-feeding material for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement is 0.05-0.1% of the weight of the complete feed. Preferably, the addition amount is 0.08 percent of the weight of the complete feed for pigs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hematopoietic and immunity-enhancing pig re-feeding material can improve the hematopoietic capacity of pigs and improve the immunity through the selection and the compounding of the components; meanwhile, the hematopoietic and immune-enhancing pig compound feed is prepared into granular feed which can be digested and absorbed better.
2. The process for preparing the granular feed from the pig compound feed for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement has low cost and simple operation.
3. In the preparation process of the wet fermented soybean meal, the fermentation process is further optimized by optimizing the selection of strains of the fermented soybean meal, the use proportion of different strains and the selection and compounding of enzyme preparations, so that the degradation effect of anti-nutritional factors of the soybean meal is greatly improved, the digestibility of nutrients in the soybean meal is high, and the absorption effect is better.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
The raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available except for the wet fermented soybean meal. The wet fermented soybean meal can be directly purchased, but the wet fermented soybean meal adopted in the following embodiments is self-made, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a zymocyte liquid by using bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae; after single strain is subjected to amplification culture, compounding into zymophyte liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:1: 1; the viable count of the bacillus subtilis liquid is 8.0 multiplied by 109cfu/ml; the viable count of the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid is 6.0 multiplied by 108cfu/ml; saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial liquidThe number of live bacteria in the culture medium is 9.0 multiplied by 108cfu/ml。
S2, uniformly mixing the zymophyte liquid obtained in the step S1, bean pulp, xylanase, acid protease, glucose and water, wherein the water content of the materials is 30-40%; s2, wherein the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid to the soybean meal to the xylanase to the acid protease to the glucose to the water is 20: 1000: 0.5: 0.8: 12: 750; 10000IU/g of xylanase, 50000IU/g of acid protease and 35-45 ℃ of water.
S3, fermenting the material obtained in the step S2 at the temperature of 28-35 ℃ for 96 hours to form wet fermented soybean meal. Wherein the 0 th to 36 th hours are ventilation aerobic fermentation, and the 37 th to 96 th hours are anaerobic fermentation.
The moisture content of the prepared wet fermented soybean meal is 33-35%.
Example 1:
preparation of pig re-nourishment for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement
S1, mixing 15kg of carrots, 10kg of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 20kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 5kg of fingered citron and 5kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 8.25kg of water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 1.5kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 5kg of green tea powder, 15kg of millet and 15kg of flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Example 2:
preparation of pig re-nourishment for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement
S1, mixing 20kg of carrots, 15kg of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 30kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 10kg of fingered citron and 10kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 17kg of water accounting for 20 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 3kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 20kg of millet and 20kg of kidney bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Example 3:
preparation of pig re-nourishment for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement
S1, mixing 18kg of carrots, 12kg of strong-smelling fermented bean curd, 25kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 8kg of fingered citron and 7kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 14kg of water accounting for 20 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 2kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 7kg of green tea powder, 18kg of millet and 17kg of flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Example 4:
preparation of pig re-nourishment for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement
S1, mixing 19kg of carrots, 13kg of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 27kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 6kg of fingered citron and 8kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 18.25kg of water accounting for 25 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 1.5kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 6kg of green tea powder, 17kg of millet and 16kg of flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Example 5:
preparation of pig re-nourishment for hematopoiesis and immunity enhancement
S1, mixing 16kg of carrots, 12kg of strong-smelling fermented bean curd, 28kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 9kg of fingered citron and 10kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 11.25kg of water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 3kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 6kg of green tea powder, 19kg of millet and 16kg of flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Comparative example 1:
compared with example 1, the other operations were the same as in example 1 without adding wet fermented soybean meal.
Comparative example 2:
compared with the example 1, the operations are the same as the example 1 except that the fingered citron and the hawthorn are not added.
Comparative example 3:
compared with example 1, the operation is the same as example 1 except that the stinky tofu is not added.
Comparative example 4:
compared to example 1, wet fermented soybean meal was commercially available, and the other operations were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5:
compared with the example 1, the ingredients of the pig re-feeding for hematopoietic immune increase are the same, but the contents of the ingredients are different from the example 1, and the other operations are the same as the example 1. The comparative examples had the following composition contents:
s1, mixing 13kg of carrots, 17kg of strong-smelling fermented bean curd, 18kg of wet fermented soybean meal, 5kg of fingered citron and 5kg of hawthorn, crushing the mixture until the particle size is less than 0.5um, putting the obtained mixed raw materials into a stirring device, adding 8.7kg of water accounting for 15 percent of the total weight of the mixed raw materials into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain wet mixed raw materials; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing 4kg of wild jujube kernel powder, 4kg of green tea powder, 23kg of millet and 13kg of flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
Performance testing
140 sows with similar gestation times, health, equivalent body conditions and similar expected delivery period are selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, and each group has 20 sows. A test group (6 group) and a control group (1 group) are set, the control group is used for feeding pregnant sow feed normally fed by a pig farm, and the test group is added with the hematopoietic immunity-enhancing pig re-feeding materials prepared in the example 1 and the comparative examples 1-5 respectively on the basis of the pregnant sow feed normally fed by the pig farm, wherein the addition amount is 0.08 percent of the weight of the pregnant sow feed. The feeding time and the dosage of all groups were kept the same.
The test starts from one month before delivery and finishes delivery, adopts single factor test design, feeds different test diets through a test group and a control group, and observes blood indexes and production performance indexes of sows and piglets during delivery under the condition that other conditions are completely consistent. And (3) measuring the hemoglobin concentration of the sow: the marginal venous blood hemoglobin concentration of the ear was measured at the start of the test and 3 days before birth, respectively, using a URIT-15 hemoglobin meter. And (3) measuring the hemoglobin concentration of the newborn piglet: for all newborn piglets, 3 piglets with medium body condition were selected per litter and the concentration of hemoglobin in the marginal ear vein blood was measured.
The test data were counted using SPSS17.0 and the results were expressed as "mean ± sem", with a significance level of 0.05. Data collection was performed on each sow as one replicate. The data obtained results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of the Performance of sows from different groups
Note: the difference between the letters marked on the shoulder and the horizontal rows in the table is significant (P < 0.05)
As can be seen from the table 2, the hematopoietic and immune-enhancing pig re-feeding material can obviously improve the hemoglobin concentration of pregnant sows and improve the hemoglobin concentration of newborn piglets. When certain ingredients in the pig refeeding material for hematopoietic immunity increase are absent or the content ratio of the ingredients is not in the range of the invention, the hematopoietic ability of the pig refeeding material is obviously reduced.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The pig re-feeding material for hematopoietic and immune enhancement is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of carrot, 10-15 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 20-30 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 5-10 parts of fingered citron, 5-10 parts of hawthorn, 1.5-3 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 5-8 parts of green tea powder, 15-20 parts of millet and 15-20 parts of flower bean (red);
the preparation method of the hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig compound feed comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing carrot, strong-smelling preserved bean curd, wet fermented soybean meal, fingered citron and hawthorn, and crushing until the particle size is less than 0.5um, then putting the obtained mixed raw material into a stirring device, adding water accounting for 15-25% of the total weight of the mixed raw material into the stirring device, starting the stirring device, and uniformly stirring to obtain a wet mixed raw material; putting the wet mixed raw materials into a granulator to prepare mixed granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm; drying the mixed granules in a thermostat with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the mixed granules with the water content of less than 5%;
s2, preparing the wild jujube kernel powder, the green tea powder, the millet and the flower bean (red) into mixed granules according to the step S1;
and S3, uniformly mixing the two particles.
2. The hematopoietic boosting pig feed according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the wet fermented soybean meal is 33-35%.
3. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig feed according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the wet fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a zymocyte liquid by using bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae;
s2, uniformly mixing the zymophyte liquid obtained in the step S1, bean pulp, xylanase, acid protease, glucose and water, wherein the water content of the materials is 30-40%;
s3, fermenting the material obtained in the step S2 at the temperature of 28-35 ℃ for 72-96h to form wet fermented soybean meal.
4. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig compost according to claim 3, wherein the zymocyte solution of S1 is selected from Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and after single strain is expanded and cultured, the single strain is compounded into the zymocyte solution according to the volume ratio of 1-3:1-4: 1-4; the viable count of the bacillus subtilis liquid is 5 multiplied by 109-1×1010cfu/ml; the viable count of the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid is 3 multiplied by 108-1×109cfu/ml; the number of viable bacteria in the saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial liquid is 4 multiplied by 108-2×109cfu/ml。
5. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig feed according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the zymocyte liquid, the soybean meal, the xylanase, the acid protease, the glucose and the water in S2 is 15-25: 1000: 0.4-0.6: 0.6-1.0: 10-15: 540-; 10000IU/g of xylanase, 50000IU/g of acid protease and 35-45 ℃ of water.
6. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig feed according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation of S3 is performed for 60-96h, wherein the fermentation is performed for 0-36h by aerobic fermentation and the fermentation is performed for 37-96h by anaerobic fermentation.
7. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig re-feeding material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of carrot, 12 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 25 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of fingered citron, 7 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 7 parts of green tea powder, 18 parts of millet and 17 parts of flower bean (red).
8. The hematopoietic and immunopotentiating pig re-feeding material according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of carrot, 12 parts of strong-smelling preserved bean curd, 25 parts of wet fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of fingered citron, 7 parts of hawthorn, 2 parts of wild jujube kernel powder, 7 parts of green tea powder, 18 parts of millet and 17 parts of flower bean (red).
9. The pig re-feeding material for hematopoietic and immune enhancement according to claim 1, wherein the strong-smelling preserved bean curd is prepared from high-quality soybeans with high protein content as a raw material through a plurality of processes of bean soaking, grinding, filtering, marinating, early fermentation, pickling and later fermentation.
10. The hematopoietic enhancing pig feed according to claim 1, wherein the hematopoietic enhancing pig feed is added in an amount of 0.05-0.1% by weight of the complete feed.
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