CN110692295B - An intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent compound seeder suitable for rice stubble high-wetland block operation. Comprises a frame, a hanging mechanism connected with the frame, a straw cleaning mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a ditching mechanism, a seed metering mechanism, a speed measuring mechanism and a floating plate. When in operation, the suspension mechanism is used for connecting the frame to the agricultural machinery; the straw cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning straw on the sowing belt to finish cleaning operation; the rotary tillage mechanism is driven by independent power to perform belt rotary tillage operation; the ditching mechanism can freely adjust the ditch shape of the drainage ditch to be ditched; the floating plate can press the straws on two sides of the seeding belt and provide enough buoyancy; the speed measuring mechanism can collect the current running speed of the machine tool in real time, and the combined seed metering motor controls the seed metering process, so that precision seeding and missing seeding detection are realized. The invention can meet the seeding operation requirement of the high-wetland block, and solves the problem that the seeder in the prior art cannot work on the high-wetland block.

Description

An intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an intelligent compound seeder suitable for working on rice stubble high-humidity plots.

Background Art

In recent years, the rainfall in the sowing season in many places in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been too heavy, and the rainfall in some areas has lasted too long. According to research, the total rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is increasing year by year. Objectively, it has led to an increase in the number of wet and rotten plots during the sowing season. However, the existing machines cannot sow in wet and rotten plots, and often need to wait for the land to dry to a certain degree before they can work on the ground, which leads to late sowing and late planting. A large number of late sowing and late planting means rushing to plant and rush to plant, and the form of rushing to plant is currently mainly to increase the speed of machine operation and accelerate sowing, which will inevitably lead to a decrease in sowing quality. At the same time, the sowing time later than the appropriate sowing period has a great impact on the germination and emergence of seeds, which in turn affects the yield. Therefore, scrambling for sowing time is of great significance to farmers. In order to ensure that farmers can sow normally in wet and rotten plots to compete for sowing time, reduce the harm of late sowing and thus ensure the interests of farmers. In combination with the currently promoted clean area sowing technology to improve yield, we urgently need to study a sowing machine that can be used for clean area sowing in wet and rotten plots.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land, which solves the technical problem that the seeder in the prior art cannot sow on wet and rotten land.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

An intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation in rice stubble high-humidity land, characterized in that it comprises a frame and a hanging frame connected to the frame, a flinging knife, a guide plate, a rotary tiller, a seed meter and a floating plate, wherein the flinging knife, the guide plate, the rotary tiller and the seed meter all have multiple groups and are arranged in sequence from front to back, and the floating plates and the seed meter are arranged alternately; the hanging frame is used to connect the frame to agricultural machinery, the flinging knife and the rotary tiller are connected to the frame through a flinging knife shaft and a rotary tiller shaft respectively, the flinging knife shaft or the rotary tiller shaft is connected to a power device for driving the rotary tiller and the flinging knife to rotate, and the flinging knife shaft and the rotary tiller shaft are connected through a transmission mechanism.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land, the power device is an engine connected to the frame, and the power output end of the engine is connected to the rotary tiller shaft.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operating in rice stubble and high-humidity land, the transmission mechanism is a belt, the rotary tillage blade shaft is provided with a driving pulley, the blade shaft is provided with a passive pulley, and the belt is connected to the driving pulley and the passive pulley.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation in rice stubble high-humidity land, the frame is also connected to a furrowing shovel with adjustable furrowing depth, and a plow curved surface furrow opener with adjustable width is also provided behind the furrowing shovel.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation in rice stubble high-humidity land, further comprises a seeder frame at the rear of the frame, and the floating plate and the seed metering device are alternately connected to the seeder frame in sequence.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land further includes a speed measuring wheel, and the speed measuring wheel is used to control the seeding speed of the seed metering device.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land, the tachometer wheel is connected to the frame via a tachometer wheel connecting rod.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land, the forward end of the floating plate is also provided with a warped edge.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble and high-humidity land, the hanging frame includes a front hanging frame connected to the agricultural machinery and a rear hanging frame connected to the frame, and the front hanging frame and the rear hanging frame are connected by a connecting rod.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation on rice stubble high-humidity land plots is further provided with a soil retaining cover connected to the frame behind the rotary tiller.

The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

The invention can meet the sowing needs of highly wet and rotten land, and solves the problem that the prior art seeder cannot work in muddy land. It can complete the cleaning, rotary tillage, middle furrowing and sowing operations at one time, and can achieve the functions of sowing four rows at one time, adjustable sowing amount, electronic control of sowing amount and adjustable furrow shape.

The rotary tiller and the flinger of the present invention are provided with separate power devices, so that the method can be independent of the output power of the agricultural machinery and can perform independent rotary tillage, so that the present invention can adopt the rideable rice transplanter as the traction power.

The rotary tillage blades of the present invention are all installed inwards, and after rotary tillage, the middle is formed into ridges and grooves appear between two adjacent groups. The sowing device sows seeds on the ridges, which can effectively improve the seed emergence rate in wet and rotten plots.

The straw cleaning operation of the present invention is completed by the fling knife and the guide plate. The fling knife rotates to crush the straw and throws it backwards, and the guide plate diverts the crushed straw to both sides of the sowing belt, which can effectively clean the area and avoid the problem of straw congestion.

The furrowing depth of the furrowing shovel of the present invention is adjustable, and the width of the plow curved surface furrowing device is adjustable. The plow curved surface furrowing device has a furrowing support function, which prevents the soil after furrowing from backfilling into the furrow and preventing the furrow from collapsing.

The floating plate can suppress the straw in the unclean area. The speed measuring wheel can adjust the sowing speed of the seed meter according to the current walking speed, so that the sowing speed matches the walking speed.

The invention is suitable for the sowing operation of wheat after rice and rape after rice, and can also be used for the sowing operation of other crops according to actual conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a second overall structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG3 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention (with the frame hidden);

FIG4 is a structural diagram of a furrowing shovel and a curved surface furrowing device of the present invention;

The meaning of the reference numerals: 1-front suspension frame; 2-rear suspension frame; 3-soil retaining cover; 4-seeder frame; 5-tachometer wheel; 6-floating plate; 7-frame; 8-throwing blade; 9-tachometer wheel connecting rod; 10-seeding motor; 11-rotary tillage blade; 12-rotary tillage blade shaft; 13-plough surface furrow opener; 131-support plate; 132-chute; 14-seeder; 71-engine; 19-trenching shovel; 81-guide plate; 61-warping edge; 72-belt; 82-throwing blade shaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4: This embodiment discloses an intelligent compound seeder suitable for operation in rice stubble high-humidity plots, including a frame 7 and a hanger connected to the frame 7, a flinging knife 8, a guide plate 81, a rotary tiller 11, a seeding device 14, and a floating plate 6. There are multiple groups of flinging knives 8, guide plates 81, rotary tillers 11, and seeding devices 14, and they are arranged in sequence from front to back (see the thick solid line in Figure 3). The floating plate 6 and the seeding device 14 are arranged alternately in the left and right directions. The "from front to back" recorded in this embodiment is based on the walking direction of the whole machine during normal operation, and can also be understood as: during normal travel, the flinging knife 8, the guide plate 81, the rotary tiller 11, and the seeding device 14 work in sequence from front to back. "Left and right directions" should be understood as horizontal, that is, perpendicular to the direction in which the machine travels.

The bracket is used to connect the frame 7 to the agricultural machinery. The flinger 8 and the rotary tiller 11 are connected to the frame 7 through the flinger shaft 82 and the rotary tiller shaft 12 respectively. The flinger shaft 82 or the rotary tiller shaft 12 is connected to a power device for driving the rotary tiller 11 and the flinger 8 to rotate. The flinger shaft 82 and the rotary tiller shaft 12 are connected through a transmission mechanism.

The power device of this embodiment is an engine 71 connected to the frame 7, and the power output end of the engine 16 is connected to the rotary tiller shaft 12 (a transmission box or a gearbox may be provided in the middle). The transmission mechanism is a belt 72, the rotary tiller shaft 12 is provided with a driving pulley, and the flinger shaft 82 is provided with a passive pulley, and the belt 72 is connected to the driving pulley and the passive pulley.

The frame 7 of this embodiment is also preferably provided with a furrowing shovel 19, and the furrowing shovel 19 is preferably arranged at the horizontal center position of the frame 7. For example, when there are four rows of flingers 8, guide plates 81, rotary tillers 11, and seeders 14, two rows are arranged on both sides of the furrowing shovel 19.

Refer to Figure 4: A width-adjustable plow surface furrow opener 13 is also provided behind the furrowing shovel 19. The plow surface furrow opener 13 has two planes, and a support plate 131 and a slide groove 132 are provided on the opposite sides of the two planes. By adjusting the relative position of the support plate 131 with respect to the slide groove 132, the angle between the two planes can be adjusted, thereby achieving effective width adjustment of the plow surface furrow opener 13. The plow surface furrow opener 13 has a ditch protection function to prevent soil from backfilling into the ditch after ditching.

A sowing machine frame 4 is also provided at the rear of the frame 7, and the sowing machine frame 4 can be regarded as an extension of the frame 7, i.e., a sub-frame of the frame 7. The floating plate 6 and the seeding device 14 are both connected to the sowing machine frame 4, wherein the floating plate 6 is connected to the bottom of the sowing machine frame 4.

This embodiment also includes a speed measuring wheel 5, the axle of which is connected to a speed sensor, such as an encoder. The speed sensor feeds back the current walking speed to the speed control device of the seeding motor 10 for controlling the seeding speed of the seeding device 14.

The tachometer wheel 5 is connected to the frame 7 through the tachometer wheel connecting rod 9. The tachometer wheel connecting rod 9 and the frame 7 are connected in an articulated manner. In a natural state, the tachometer wheel 5 and the tachometer wheel connecting rod 9 are connected to the ground surface through their own weight.

In order to improve the passing performance of the floating plate 6, in this embodiment, a warped edge 61 is preferably provided at the forward end of the floating plate 6. The warped edge 61 is streamlined and can effectively suppress the straw in the unclean area, thereby improving the passing performance.

The hanger of this embodiment includes a front hanger 1 connected to the agricultural machinery and a rear hanger 2 connected to the frame 7, and the front hanger 1 and the rear hanger 2 are connected by a connecting rod. In this way, the front hanger 1, the rear hanger 2 and the connecting rod can form a quadrilateral, and the quadrilateral has a certain deformation capacity within a certain range, which can meet the adjustment of the height of the whole machine relative to the agricultural machinery.

A soil retaining cover 3 connected to the frame 7 is also provided at the rear of the rotary tiller 11. During rotary tillage operation, the soil retaining cover 3 can block the soil thrown up by the rotary tiller 11 so as not to hinder the sowing operation.

During operation, the front suspension frame 1 connects the whole machine to the tail of the agricultural machinery. Under the traction of the agricultural machinery, the whole machine moves forward. During the moving process, the engine 71 rotates to drive the rotary tiller 11 to rotate. The rotary tiller shaft 12 drives the flinger 8 to rotate through the belt 72. The flinger 8 cuts the straw in the field with the blade and drives it to the front of the guide plate 81. The guide plate 81 is V-shaped, and the V-shaped surface faces the flinger 8, which can rebound the broken straw to both sides. Through the action of the flinger 8 and the guide plate 81, the straw in the row can be cleaned, and then the rotary tiller 11 tills the field in the row after cleaning. Finally, the seeding motor 10 rotates to discharge the seeds in the seeding device 14 on the surface after rotary tillage.

In the above working process, the floating plate 6 can suppress the straw in the unclean area. Furthermore, the speed measuring wheel 5 can adjust the sowing speed of the seeding device 14 according to the current walking speed, so that the sowing speed matches the walking speed.

The invention can meet the sowing requirements of highly wet and rotten land, and solves the problem that the sowing machine in the prior art cannot work in muddy land.

The rotary tiller 11 of the present invention is provided with a separate power device (engine 16), and can independently perform rotary tillage without relying on the output power of the agricultural machinery, so that the present invention can be hung on the rear end of the rice transplanter.

The furrowing depth of the furrowing shovel 19 of the present invention can be adjusted, and the width of the plow curved surface furrowing device 13 can be adjusted. The plow curved surface furrowing device 13 has a furrowing support function to prevent the soil after furrowing from being backfilled into the furrow and to prevent the furrow from collapsing.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An intelligent compound planter suitable for rice stubble high wetland block operation, which is characterized in that: the rotary tillage machine comprises a frame (7), and a plurality of groups of hanging racks, flail knives (8), guide plates (81), rotary tillage blades (11), seed metering devices (14) and floating plates (6) which are connected to the frame (7), wherein the flail knives (8), the guide plates (81), the rotary tillage blades (11) and the seed metering devices (14) are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the floating plates (6) and the seed metering devices (14) are alternately arranged; the hanger is used for connecting the frame (7) to agricultural machinery, the flail knife (8) and the rotary tillage knife (11) are respectively connected to the frame (7) through a flail knife shaft (82) and a rotary tillage knife shaft (12), the flail knife shaft (82) or the rotary tillage knife shaft (12) is connected with a power device for driving the rotary tillage knife (11) and the flail knife (8) to rotate, the flail knife shaft (82) and the rotary tillage knife shaft (12) are connected through a transmission mechanism, the rotary tillage knife (11) is installed inwards, furrows appear between two adjacent groups of ridges in the middle of a rotary tillage, and the seed is sowed on the ridge by the sowing device;

The machine frame (7) is further connected with a ditching shovel (19) with adjustable ditching depth, the ditching shovel is arranged at the transverse center of the machine frame (7), a plow curved surface ditcher (13) with adjustable width is further arranged at the rear of the ditching shovel (19), the plow curved surface ditcher (13) is provided with two planes, a supporting plate (131) and a sliding groove (132) are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two planes, the angle between the two planes can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the supporting plate (131) relative to the sliding groove (132), and then the effective width adjustment of the plow curved surface ditcher (13) is realized;

the seed metering device also comprises a speed measuring wheel (5), wherein the speed measuring wheel (5) is used for controlling the seed metering speed of the seed metering device (14), a wheel shaft of the speed measuring wheel (5) is connected with a speed measuring sensor, and the speed measuring sensor feeds back the current walking speed to a rotating speed control device of the seed metering motor (10);

the hanging frame comprises a front hanging frame (1) connected to the agricultural machine and a rear hanging frame (2) connected to a frame (7), wherein the front hanging frame (1) and the rear hanging frame (2) are connected through a connecting rod, and the front hanging frame (1), the rear hanging frame (2) and the connecting rod form a quadrilateral which has certain deformability in a certain range;

The rear of the frame (7) is also provided with a seeding frame (4), the floating plate (6) and the seed sowing device (14) are sequentially and alternately connected to the seeding frame (4), and the advancing end of the floating plate (6) is also provided with a tilting edge (61).

2. An intelligent compound planter suitable for rice stubble high wetland block work according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power device is an engine (71) connected to the frame (7), and the power output end of the engine (71) is connected to the rotary tillage cutter shaft (12).

3. An intelligent compound planter suitable for rice stubble high wetland block work according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary tillage cutter shaft (12) is provided with a driving belt wheel, the flail cutter shaft (82) is provided with a driven belt wheel, and the belt (72) is connected with the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel.

4. An intelligent compound planter suitable for rice stubble high wetland block work according to claim 1, characterized in that: the speed measuring wheel (5) is connected with the frame (7) through a speed measuring wheel connecting rod (9).

5. An intelligent compound planter suitable for rice stubble high wetland block work according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear part of the rotary tillage cutter (11) is also provided with a soil retaining cover (3) connected with the frame (7).