CN110676996A - Double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation axial permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-magnetic-circuit magnetism-adjusting axial permanent magnet motor, comprising a coaxially mounted first rotor, a first magnetism-adjusting ring, a first stator, an inner rotor, a second stator and a second magnetism-adjusting ring , the second rotor. The first rotor and the second rotor each include a rotor yoke, and a Halbach permanent magnet array circumferentially disposed on the inner side of the rotor yoke. The dual magnetic circuits are the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic adjustment ring, the stator and the inner rotor, and the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic adjustment ring and the stator, which enhances the magnetic adjustment performance. The invention also adds a magnetic adjustment tooth, and the dual magnetic circuit is adjusted by the magnetic adjustment tooth. The fixing bracket of the magnetic adjusting gear consists of two layers along the circumference, and its structure is light and firm. At the same time, the addition of the fixing bracket enables the heat on the magnetic adjusting ring to have a larger heat dissipation area and is easier to cool.

Description

A dual-magnetic-circuit flux-regulating axial permanent magnet motor

technical field

The invention relates to an axial permanent magnet motor with double magnetic circuit magnetic field adjustment, belonging to the technical field of permanent magnet motors.

Background technique

In recent years, electric vehicles have attracted much attention as an emerging industry. They have also become a very important strategic research industry in my country because they are conducive to solving problems such as limited oil resources and aggravated air pollution. The three most important key technical aspects of electric vehicles are concentrated in: battery, motor and drive. Without a fundamental breakthrough in battery technology, developing an efficient and reliable motor has become the main goal of experts and scholars from all over the world. The axial permanent magnet motor has attracted extensive attention due to its high torque/power density, excellent heat dissipation performance and compact structure, and in the electric vehicle occasions with high space constraints, the axial motor has great advantages. In modern industries, there are many low-speed and high-torque applications, which generally require intermediate links such as gearboxes to achieve speed and torque matching between the motor and the load. Mechanical gears transmit torque by the meshing of teeth, so problems such as friction loss, mechanical wear, need for lubrication, vibration and noise are inevitable, and irreversible damage is easily caused under irregular load or overload conditions, reducing the overall efficiency of the system. and reliability. Therefore, the direct drive technology that removes the gear box and uses the motor to directly drive the load has gradually become the future development trend.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned prior art, a dual-magnetic-circuit magnetization-adjustable axial permanent-magnet motor suitable for directly driving electric vehicles is proposed to enhance the magnetic-gathering performance of the motor.

Technical scheme: A dual-magnetic-circuit magnetization-adjustable axial permanent magnet motor, comprising a coaxially installed first rotor, a first magnetism-adjusting ring, a first stator, an inner rotor, a second stator, a second magnetism-adjusting ring, The second rotor; wherein, the first stator and the second stator are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are arranged on the outermost side, and the first magnetic control ring is arranged on the first rotor and the first stator. between the rotors, the second magnetic control ring is arranged between the second rotor and the second stator;

The inner rotor is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets arranged along the circumference, and the magnetization direction of the rotor permanent magnets is axial alternate magnetization; the first rotor and the second rotor both include a rotor yoke, and a rotor yoke is arranged on the rotor yoke. A Halbach permanent magnet array arranged along the circumference on the inner side; the first and second magnetism control rings both include a plurality of U-shaped magnetism-adjusting teeth arranged at intervals along the circumference, and the openings of the U-shaped magnetism-adjusting teeth are all inwards Facing the inner rotor, the adjacent U-shaped magnetic adjustment teeth are fixed by connecting the fixed brackets at the ends, and the fixed brackets include two layers of inner and outer layers along the circumference.

Further, both the first stator and the second stator include stator disks formed by E-type iron cores and stator permanent magnets alternately arranged along the circumference, the stator permanent magnets are alternately magnetized along the circumference direction, and the stator permanent magnets Armature windings are wound around the adjacent stator teeth of the adjacent E-type iron cores, and excitation windings are wound around the stator intermediate teeth of each stator permanent magnet.

Further, the connection between the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-shaped iron core is chamfered.

Further, auxiliary slots are formed on the stator teeth and the intermediate teeth of the E-shaped iron core.

Further, the first rotor and the second rotor are staggered and installed coaxially by a certain angle.

Further, the Halbach permanent magnet array is a combined Halbach array with 2 segments per pole, which is composed of radially magnetized magnetic steel and tangentially magnetized magnetic steel, and the two types of magnets are equal in size and dosage.

Further, the first magnetic adjustment ring and the second magnetic adjustment ring are staggered by a certain angle and are installed coaxially.

Beneficial effects: The dual-magnetic-circuit magnetization-adjustable axial permanent magnet motor of the present invention avoids contact-type transmission and reduces friction and energy loss by adding a magnetization-adjusting ring structure. The magnetic field coupling between the stator and the rotor realizes the final synchronous operation of the magnetic adjustment teeth. When an overload occurs, the transmission relationship between the magnetic adjustment ring and the rotor can be cut off at any time, reducing the risk of damaging the motor. The structure of the magnetic adjusting ring is simple, and the inner and outer fixing brackets make the structure light and firmer. At the same time, the addition of the fixing bracket enables the heat on the magnetic adjusting ring to have a larger heat dissipation area and is easier to cool.

In the invention, the magnetic adjustment teeth are added, and the double magnetic circuit is adjusted by the magnetic adjustment teeth. The dual magnetic circuits are the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic control ring, the stator and the inner rotor, and the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic control ring and the stator, which enhances the magnetic control performance. Compared with the traditional mechanical gear, the magnetic field modulated magnetic gear uses the magnetic adjustment block to change the air-gap permeance, so that both the inner and outer permanent magnets participate in the transmission of torque. Since there is no mechanical friction in the transmission process, the transmission device has the output torque. It has many advantages such as high moment density, low noise, no mechanical loss, and high transmission efficiency.

The rotor adopts the Halbach magnetization method, which enhances the magnetic concentration ability, and at the same time can provide greater torque and climbing ability, and reduce the cogging torque and torque ripple. The excitation winding wound on the middle teeth of the stator can adjust the magnetic field of the motor, which improves the torque output capability and speed regulation range. The double-rotor transmission structure is favorable for direct-drive electric vehicles, and the two rotors directly drive the double-wheels, which reduces the transmission mechanism and reduces the cost and maintenance rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-magnetic-circuit magnetically regulated axial permanent magnet motor;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the stator structure of a dual-magnetic circuit magnetically regulated axial permanent magnet motor;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the E-type core structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the magnetic adjustment tooth and the fixed bracket of the dual magnetic circuit magnetic adjustment axial permanent magnet motor;

5 is a schematic diagram of the inner rotor structure and magnetization method;

Fig. 6 is the structure schematic diagram of armature winding and excitation winding;

Figure 7 is a link diagram of phase windings;

Figure 8 is a link diagram of the excitation winding;

Fig. 9 is the hybrid excitation magnetic circuit of the dual-magnetic-circuit magnetic regulation axial permanent magnet motor;

In the figure: the first rotor 1, the first magnetic control ring 2, the first stator 3, the inner rotor 4, the second stator 5, the second magnetic control ring 6, the second rotor 7, the rotor yoke 8, the Halbach permanent magnet Array 9, fixed bracket 10, E-type iron core 11, stator teeth 12, stator intermediate teeth 13, stator permanent magnets 14, armature windings 15, excitation windings 16, inner rotor permanent magnets 17, U-shaped magnetic adjustment teeth 18; A1, A2, A3, and A4 are armature winding coils, and L1 to L12 are excitation coils.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , a dual-magnetic-circuit magnetization type axial permanent magnet motor includes an inner rotor 4 arranged in the middle, a first stator 3 and a second stator 5 arranged symmetrically on both sides of the inner rotor, and a The rotors are symmetrically placed on the outermost first rotor 1 and second rotor 7, and the first magnetic control ring 2 and second Magnetic control ring 6; the first stator 3 and the second stator 5 have the same structure and are symmetrically and coaxially installed with respect to the inner rotor 4.

The inner rotor 4 is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets 17 arranged along the circumference, and the magnetization direction of the rotor permanent magnets is axial alternate magnetization.

Both the first stator 3 and the second stator 5 include stator disks formed by E-shaped iron cores 11 and stator permanent magnets 14 arranged alternately along the circumference. The stator permanent magnets 14 are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction. Armature windings 15 are wound around the stator permanent magnets 14 and the adjacent stator teeth 12 of the adjacent E-shaped iron cores 11 . An excitation winding 16 for adjusting the magnetic field is wound around the stator intermediate teeth 13 of each stator permanent magnet 14 . The connection between the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-type iron core 11 is chamfered, and the stator teeth 12 and the intermediate teeth 13 are provided with auxiliary slots.

Both the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 7 are composed of a rotor yoke 8 and a Halbach permanent magnet array 9 arranged on the inner side of the rotor yoke 8 along the circumference. The Halbach permanent magnet array 9 is a combined Halbach array with 2 segments per pole. It is composed of radially magnetized magnetic steel and tangentially magnetized magnetic steel. The second rotor 7 has the same structure as the first rotor 1 , can be installed coaxially with a staggered angle, and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the inner rotor 4 . The first rotor 1 , the second rotor 7 , the first stator 3 and the second stator 5 are all salient pole structures.

Both the first magnetic adjustment ring 2 and the second magnetic adjustment ring 6 include a plurality of U-shaped magnetic adjustment teeth 18 arranged at intervals along the circumference. The magnetic teeth 18 are fixed by connecting the fixed brackets 10 at the ends, and the fixed brackets 10 include two layers arranged along the circumference of the inner and outer layers. The double teeth of the U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth 18 can be designed into symmetrical and asymmetrical structures, and the tooth shapes can be designed as trapezoidal, fan-shaped, and rectangular structures. The first magnetic adjustment ring 2 and the second magnetic adjustment ring 6 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the inner rotor 4, and can also be installed coaxially at a certain angle.

The design of the stator core module is convenient for installation and mass production, and the design of the inner rotor increases the utilization rate of the magnetic adjustment teeth. In the invention, the magnetic adjustment teeth are added, and the double magnetic circuit is adjusted by the magnetic adjustment teeth. The dual magnetic circuits are the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic adjustment ring, the stator and the inner rotor, and the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic adjustment ring and the stator, so that the magnetic adjustment performance is stronger.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the magnetic axial permanent magnet motor of this embodiment is a six-air-gap axial magnetic field flux switching permanent magnet motor composed of three rotors, two stators and two magnetic control rings. The stator is shown in FIG. 2 , each stator is composed of 6 E-shaped iron cores 11 , 6 stator permanent magnets 14 , 6 armature windings 15 and 6 excitation windings 16 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the teeth of the two stator teeth 12 on the E-shaped core 11 can be designed as sector teeth, rectangular teeth or trapezoidal teeth. The E-shaped stator core module 11 also includes stator intermediate teeth 13, while the stator teeth Auxiliary grooves of different shapes can be opened on it.

As shown in Figure 4, the magnetic control ring is only composed of U-shaped magnetic control teeth 18 and fixed brackets 10. The U-shaped magnetic control teeth can be designed as fan-shaped teeth, parallel teeth or trapezoidal teeth, and can be designed to be symmetrical or different. Symmetrical structure. The fixing brackets 10 are interlocked to form an inner and outer two layers of fixing rings, which fix the U-shaped magnetic adjustment teeth and accelerate the volatilization of the temperature on the magnetic adjustment teeth.

As shown in Figure 5, the inner rotor is composed of 6 pieces of permanent magnet material with the same shape and material. As shown in the figure, the permanent magnets are alternately magnetized in the axial direction and combined with the outer rotor to form a closed magnetic circuit.

As shown in FIG. 6 , 12 armature windings 15 are respectively wound on 12 stator permanent magnets 14 and the stator teeth 12 of the E-shaped core adjacent to them to form two sets of three-phase armature windings, each set of three-phase armature Two diametrically opposite coils in the winding are connected in series to form a one-phase winding. Taking the A-phase winding as an example, A1 and A3 are the A-phase coils diametrically opposed to the right side of the stator, A2 and A4 are the A-phase coils diametrically opposed to the left side, and the A1 and A3 phases are connected in series, and the A2 and A4 phases are connected in series. , to obtain two sets of A-phase windings of the motor, and similarly obtain two sets of B-phase and C-phase windings. The two-bit diagram of the connection of four coils in A-phase is shown in Figure 7. An excitation winding 16 is placed on the middle teeth of the stator, and the 12 excitation windings are L1-L12 respectively.

The magnetic field of the motor can be adjusted by placing the excitation winding on the intermediate teeth of the stator. The solid line in Figure 9 is the direction of the permanent magnetic field, and the dotted line is the direction of the excitation magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is the same as that of the permanent magnet magnetic field to achieve magnetization; the reverse excitation current is passed into the excitation winding, and the direction of the excitation magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the permanent magnetic field to achieve magnetic weakening. Therefore, the structure of the motor can be seen to achieve hybrid excitation.

In FIG. 9 , the solid line arrows indicate the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets of the inner and outer rotors and the permanent magnets of the stator, and the axial directions of the inner rotors are alternately magnetized. In the invention, the magnetic adjustment teeth are added, and the double magnetic circuit is adjusted by the magnetic adjustment teeth. The dual magnetic circuits are the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic control ring, the stator and the inner rotor, and the magnetic field circuit formed between the outer rotor, the magnetic control ring and the stator, which enhances the magnetic control performance.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a two magnetic circuit accent magnetism type axial permanent-magnet machine which characterized in that: the magnetic field generator comprises a first rotor (1), a first magnetic adjusting ring (2), a first stator (3), an inner rotor (4), a second stator (5), a second magnetic adjusting ring (6) and a second rotor (7) which are coaxially arranged; the first stator (3) and the second stator (5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner rotor (4), the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) are arranged on the outermost side, the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) is arranged between the first rotor (1) and the first stator (3), and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) is arranged between the second rotor (7) and the second stator (5);

the inner rotor (4) is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets (17) arranged along the circumference, and the magnetizing directions of the rotor permanent magnets are axial alternate magnetizing; the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) both comprise rotor yokes (8) and Halbach permanent magnet arrays (9) arranged on the inner side faces of the rotor yokes (8) along the circumference; the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) comprise a plurality of U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) which are arranged at intervals along the circumference, openings of the U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) face inwards to the inner rotor (4), adjacent U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) are fixed through end connection fixing supports (10), and the fixing supports (10) are arranged in a double-layer mode along the circumference.

2. The dual magnetic circuit field-regulating axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein: the first stator (3) and the second stator (5) respectively comprise stator discs formed by E-shaped iron cores (11) and stator permanent magnets (14) which are alternately arranged along the circumference, the stator permanent magnets (14) are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction, armature windings (15) are wound on the stator permanent magnets (14) and adjacent stator teeth (12) of the adjacent E-shaped iron cores (11), and excitation windings (16) are wound on stator middle teeth (13) of each stator permanent magnet (14).

3. The double magnetic circuit field-regulating type axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: and a chamfer is formed at the joint of the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-shaped iron core (11).

4. The double magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: auxiliary grooves are formed in the stator teeth (12) and the middle teeth (13) of the E-shaped iron core (11).

5. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) are arranged coaxially in a staggered mode at a certain angle.

6. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the Halbach permanent magnet array (9) is a combined Halbach array with each pole having 2 sections, and is composed of radial magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel have equal size and use amount.

7. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) are arranged coaxially in a staggered mode at a certain angle.

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