CN110672971A - Built-in fault recording device of power distribution terminal - Google Patents
Built-in fault recording device of power distribution terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a built-in trouble record ripples device of distribution terminal includes: the main control unit is connected with the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit; the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage signals and current signals; the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the voltage signals and the current signals collected by the signal collection unit and sending the voltage signals and the current signals to the main control unit; the main control unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and generating a wave recording file. The voltage signal and the current signal of the power distribution terminal are collected through the signal collection unit and are sent to the main control unit through the signal conversion unit, the main control unit generates a wave recording file for the voltage signal and the current signal, so that the running state of the power distribution terminal can be recorded through the wave recording file, and sudden change information such as load and voltage of the power distribution terminal can be recorded clearly, so that accurate judgment can be made on faults of a power distribution network circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric power systems, in particular to a built-in fault recording device of a power distribution terminal.
Background
Distribution network spatial grid structure is complicated, and the distribution is extensive, and distribution network primary equipment, secondary equipment reliability are far less than the major network equipment, and the defect type is many, and the distribution network trouble accounts for more than 80% of electric wire netting trouble, and distribution network fault analysis is urgent to need the trouble record ripples, nevertheless the distribution network lacks the trouble record ripples device at present. The transformer substation fault recorder is installed at a station outlet, only the recording condition of the whole feeder line can be collected, and the action condition of a switch on the feeder line and the current voltage and switch action conditions of branches cannot be obtained, so that the transformer substation fault recorder cannot meet the distribution network fault analysis. A large number Of distribution automation terminal devices are installed in a national distribution network, generally, the distribution automation terminal devices do not have a fault recording function, SOE (Sequence Of Event) information Of faults is only recorded, fault recording information is not stored, information Of time lines such as load and voltage mutation is not recorded, fault current telemetering information is uploaded to a master station once in 15 minutes, and network synchronization errors Of all terminals are large, so that the distribution terminal devices generally cannot meet the requirement Of making detailed analysis and judgment on the faults Of distribution network lines.
That is, the following problems exist in the existing power grid:
distribution network spatial grid structure is complicated, and the distribution network fault distributes extensively, and the distribution network trouble accounts for more than 80% of electric wire netting trouble, and distribution network primary and secondary equipment reliability is far less than the major network equipment, and the defect type is many, and distribution network fault analysis needs the trouble record ripples promptly, nevertheless distribution network secondary equipment lacks the trouble record ripples device at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a fault recording device built in the power distribution terminal is needed.
A built-in fault recording device of a power distribution terminal comprises: the system comprises a main control unit, a signal conversion unit and a signal acquisition unit, wherein the main control unit is connected with the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit;
the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage signals and current signals;
the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the voltage signal and the current signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the voltage signal and the current signal to the main control unit;
the main control unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and generating a wave recording file.
In one embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is further configured to acquire a remote signaling signal; the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the remote signaling signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the remote signaling signals to the main control unit; the main control unit is used for processing the remote signaling signals and generating the wave recording file according to the remote signaling signals, the voltage signals and the current signals.
In one embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is used for being connected with a current sampling loop of a power distribution terminal in series so as to acquire a current signal of the power distribution terminal;
the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a voltage sampling loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a voltage signal of the power distribution terminal;
the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a switching value signal loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a remote signaling signal of the power distribution terminal;
and the fault recording device is also used for being connected with a direct current power supply of the power distribution terminal.
In one embodiment, the main control unit is configured to process the voltage signal and the current signal based on a full-wave discrete fourier transform fast algorithm to obtain fundamental wave data and harmonic wave data, calculate active power, reactive power, and power factor, and generate the recording file according to the fundamental wave data, the harmonic wave data, the active power, the reactive power, and the power factor.
In one embodiment, the main control unit is further configured to trigger generation of the recording file when a preset voltage event and/or a current event is detected.
In one embodiment, the main control unit includes a main control module and an analog-digital sampling module, the main control module is connected to the analog-digital sampling module, and the analog-digital sampling module is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a remote signaling input module, the main control module is connected to the remote signaling input module, and the remote signaling input module is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a communication module, and the main control module is connected to the communication module.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a positioning module, and the main control module is connected to the positioning module.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a storage module, the main control module is connected to the storage module, and the storage module is configured to store the recording file.
Above-mentioned built-in trouble record ripples device of distribution terminal, voltage signal and the current signal collection of distribution terminal are gathered through the signal acquisition unit, and send to the main control unit through the signal conversion unit, the main control unit is to voltage signal and current signal, generate the record ripples file, thereby can record distribution terminal's running state through the record ripples file, with this clearly record distribution terminal's load, sudden change information such as voltage, with the realization makes accurate judgement to the trouble of distribution network line, and with this generation record ripples file, the record ripples to the trouble has been realized. In addition, the program does not need to be modified by aiming at the power distribution terminal, so that the fault recording is more direct, convenient and quick, and the efficiency and the precision of the fault recording are effectively improved.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic connection structure diagram of a built-in fault recording device of a power distribution terminal in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main control unit in one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection structure diagram of a built-in fault recording device of a power distribution terminal in another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of a sampling module low pass filter network of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic of a GPS module of an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a circuit schematic of a wireless communication module of an embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal acquisition unit according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a built-in fault recording device for a power distribution terminal is provided, which includes a main control unit, a signal conversion unit, and a signal acquisition unit, where the main control unit is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit; the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage signals and current signals; the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the voltage signal and the current signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the voltage signal and the current signal to the main control unit; the main control unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and generating a wave recording file.
Specifically, the signal acquisition unit is connected with the power distribution terminal and is used for acquiring a voltage signal and a current signal of the power distribution terminal. The signal conversion unit is used for connecting the signal acquisition unit and the main control unit so that the voltage signals and the current signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit can be sent to the main control unit. The main control unit is in communication connection with the main station, so that the wave recording file generated by the main control unit according to the voltage signal and the current signal can be sent to the main station. The master station may also be referred to as a monitoring background. Therefore, background personnel can acquire the wave recording file of the power distribution terminal in time so as to accurately judge the fault of the power distribution network line. In one embodiment, the recording file includes a header file, a configuration file, a data file, and an information file, wherein the configuration file is used to record the sampled data used, i.e., the voltage signal and the current signal.
In this embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is a signal acquisition board, which is also called a signal sampling input board, the signal conversion unit is a signal conversion board, which is also called a backplane, and the main control unit is a main control board. In one embodiment, the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal comprises a case, wherein the signal acquisition board, the signal conversion board and the main control board are arranged in the case, so that the overall structure of the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal can be more simplified by arranging the signal acquisition board, the signal conversion board and the main control board in the case, and the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal is convenient to transport and install, so that the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal can be conveniently installed on the power distribution terminal.
In the above embodiment, the voltage signal and the current signal of the power distribution terminal are collected by the signal collection unit and are sent to the main control unit by the signal conversion unit, and the main control unit generates the wave recording file for the voltage signal and the current signal, so that the running state of the power distribution terminal can be recorded by the wave recording file, and therefore sudden change information such as load and voltage of the power distribution terminal can be recorded clearly, and accurate judgment on faults of a power distribution network circuit can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is further configured to acquire a remote signaling signal; the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the remote signaling signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the remote signaling signals to the main control unit; the main control unit is used for processing the remote signaling signals and generating the wave recording file according to the remote signaling signals, the voltage signals and the current signals.
In this embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is further configured to acquire a remote signaling signal of the power distribution terminal, where the remote signaling signal is a signal of a state of a circuit breaker or a switch of the power distribution terminal. The recording file can clearly record the state of a breaker or a switch of the power distribution terminal by recording a remote signaling signal.
Specifically, the signal acquisition unit is connected with the power distribution terminal and realizes the isolation and conversion of voltage and current of the power distribution terminal. The signal acquisition unit is connected to 220V alternating current input voltage through the current transformer, converts the alternating current input voltage into a current signal, acquires a voltage signal corresponding to the current signal through the sampling resistor, and then inputs the current signal and the voltage signal to the main control unit; in addition, the signal acquisition unit is also connected to a current transformer of the secondary current, converts the secondary current into small current, and inputs a voltage signal corresponding to the current signal acquired by the sampling resistor to the main control unit, so that the acquisition of the current signal and the voltage signal is realized. In addition, the signal acquisition unit is connected with the switch of the power distribution terminal through the remote signaling input end, so that the signal of the switch of the power distribution terminal is input to the remote signaling input end after the photoelectric conversion of the optical coupler, the remote signaling signal is acquired and input to the main control unit, and the acquisition of the remote signaling signal is realized.
In one embodiment, the signal acquisition unit is used for being connected with a current sampling loop of a power distribution terminal in series so as to acquire a current signal of the power distribution terminal; the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a voltage sampling loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a voltage signal of the power distribution terminal; the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a switching value signal loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a remote signaling signal of the power distribution terminal; and the fault recording device is also used for being connected with a direct current power supply of the power distribution terminal.
In this embodiment, the main control unit, the signal conversion unit and the signal acquisition unit of the fault recording device are all connected with the dc power supply of the power distribution terminal, so that the dc power supply of the power distribution terminal can supply power to the main control unit, the signal conversion unit and the signal acquisition unit of the fault recording device. In the embodiment, the power distribution network fault recording device solves the problem that the fault recording of the power distribution network is difficult to analyze due to the lack of the fault recording of the existing power distribution network, is matched with the current power distribution automation terminal for use, is connected in series with a current sampling loop of the power distribution terminal, and acquires the fault current information of the power distribution network; a voltage sampling loop of the power distribution terminal is connected in parallel, and the fault voltage information of the distribution network is collected; the switching value signal loop of the parallel power distribution terminal is used for collecting remote signaling and remote control information of a distribution network, and the direct-current power supply of the power distribution terminal is used as a system running power supply, so that the installation without power outage is realized, the installation and debugging are convenient, and the wave recording requirement of multiple input and multiple output is realized.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the signal acquisition unit includes a variable resistor RTV704 and an optical coupler U700, two ends of the variable resistor RTV704 are respectively connected to two ends of a switch of the power distribution terminal, two input ends of the optical coupler U700 are respectively connected to two ends of the switch of the power distribution terminal, one output end of the optical coupler U700 is grounded, the other output end of the optical coupler U700 is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit, and specifically, the other output end of the optical coupler U700 is connected to a remote signaling input module of the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit.
In order to generate a recording file, in one embodiment, the main control unit is configured to process the voltage signal and the current signal based on a full-wave discrete fourier transform fast algorithm to obtain fundamental wave data and harmonic wave data, calculate active power, reactive power, and power factor, and generate the recording file according to the fundamental wave data, the harmonic wave data, the active power, the reactive power, and the power factor.
Specifically, the fast algorithm of the full-wave discrete fourier transform is full-wave fft (fast fourier transform), in this embodiment, the main control unit calculates the current signal and the voltage by using a full-wave FTT algorithm to obtain fundamental wave and each subharmonic content of the voltage signal and the current signal, calculates active power, reactive power and power factor of each loop, and generates the recording file according to the fundamental wave data, the harmonic data, the active power, the reactive power and the power factor.
In addition, in this embodiment, the main control unit is further configured to collect 16 channels of analog quantities and 6 channels of digital quantities, the collection frequency is 128 points per cycle, and the AD bit number of the analog quantities is 16 bits.
In one embodiment, the main control unit is further configured to trigger generation of the recording file when a preset voltage event and/or a current event is detected.
In this embodiment, the main control unit is further configured to trigger processing of the voltage signal and the current signal to generate a recording file when a preset voltage event and/or a preset current event are detected.
Specifically, the voltage event is a voltage sudden change event, the current event is a current sudden change event, and one embodiment is that the voltage sudden change event comprises voltage sudden change starting, voltage out-of-limit starting and zero sequence voltage out-of-limit starting, and the current sudden change event comprises current sudden change starting, current out-of-limit starting, zero sequence current out-of-limit starting and switching value displacement starting.
In one embodiment, the main control unit includes a main control module and an analog-digital sampling module, the main control module is connected to the analog-digital sampling module, and the analog-digital sampling module is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit. The analog-digital sampling module is used for performing analog-digital conversion on the acquired voltage signals and current signals to obtain digital signals. The analog-digital sampling module converts analog voltage signals and current signals into digital voltage signals and digital current signals, and sends the converted digital voltage signals and digital current signals to the main control module, and the main control module is used for converting the converted digital voltage signals and digital current signals to generate a wave recording file.
In this embodiment, the Analog-to-Digital converter (AD) sampling module is an AD (Analog-to-Digital converter) sampling module, and the AD sampling module includes an AD7606 Analog sampling chip, which achieves a sampling rate of 4M at most, and a front end of the AD sampling chip is connected to two low-pass filter networks. The main control module is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal based on a full-wave discrete Fourier transform fast algorithm to obtain fundamental wave data and harmonic wave data, calculating to obtain active power, reactive power and power factors, and generating the recording file according to the fundamental wave data, the harmonic wave data, the active power, the reactive power and the power factors. In this embodiment, the main control module includes a main control chip, and the main control chip is a microcontroller. The controller microcontroller adopts an MK60DN512ZVLQ10 chip, a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) multiplier is arranged in the controller microcontroller, and FFT operation is realized in a single instruction cycle.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a remote signaling input module, the main control module is connected to the remote signaling input module, and the remote signaling input module is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit. The remote signaling input module is connected with the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit, specifically, the remote signaling input module is connected with the output end of an optical coupler of the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit, the remote signaling input module is used for acquiring remote signaling signals of the power distribution terminal through the signal acquisition unit, and the main control module is used for generating a wave recording file according to the remote signaling signals.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a communication module, and the main control module is connected to the communication module. In this embodiment, the communication module is configured to be in communication connection with a master station. The communication module is used for sending the wave recording file to the main station. Specifically, the main control module is used for sending the wave recording file to the master station through the communication module. In this embodiment, after the master control module generates the wave recording file, the wave recording file is sent to the master station through the communication module. Therefore, monitoring personnel of the main station can acquire the wave recording file of the power distribution terminal in time so as to accurately judge the fault of the power distribution network line.
In one embodiment, the communication module comprises at least one of an ethernet communication module, a wireless communication module, and an RS232 communication module. In one embodiment, the communication module comprises an ethernet communication module, a wireless communication module and an RS232 communication module, in one embodiment, the communication module comprises an ethernet communication module, in one embodiment, the communication module comprises an RS232 communication module, in one embodiment, the communication module comprises a wireless communication module, and in one embodiment, the wireless communication module comprises at least one of a 2G module, a 3G module, a 4G module and a 5G module. For example, the 3G module is a WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) module, and the 4G module is an FDD-LTE (Frequency Division duplex-Long Term Evolution) module. Through the connection of the communication module and the master station, the file generated by the master control unit can be sent to the master station. In addition, as the communication modules adopt a plurality of Ethernet communication modules, wireless communication modules and RS232 communication modules, mutual backup of communication lines can be realized, communication failure caused by single communication module failure is effectively avoided, mutual redundancy among a plurality of communication modules is realized, and reliability can be effectively improved.
In order to improve communication quality and communication efficiency, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the wireless communication module includes a SIM7100CE full network module, which supports 2G, 3G, and 4G network systems of mainstream operators such as mobile, internet, and telecommunications, and the full network module can adapt to multiple network systems, so that the wireless communication module has a good network communication adaptation capability, and can effectively improve communication quality and communication efficiency.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a positioning module, and the main control module is connected to the positioning module. In this embodiment, the Positioning module is a GPS (Global Positioning System) Positioning module, and the Positioning module is configured to acquire position information of a fault recording device built in the power distribution terminal and send the position information to the main control module, and the main control module is configured to send the position information to the main station through the communication module. It should be noted that the location information is location information of a fault recording device built in the power distribution terminal, and since the fault recording device built in the power distribution terminal is installed at the power distribution terminal, the configuration information is also location information of the power distribution terminal. Therefore, the position information is sent to the main station, so that monitoring personnel of the main station can conveniently position the fault recording device and time service of the fault recording device by the monitoring personnel and the maintenance personnel. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the GPS module includes an NEO-7M module, a Multi-GNSS engine having GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QZSS, supports an active antenna, and an advanced RF architecture and interference suppression ensure that the best performance can be achieved even in an environment with weak GPS signals.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further includes a storage module, the main control module is connected to the storage module, and the storage module is configured to store the recording file. Specifically, the main control module is used for storing the generated wave recording file to the wave recording file, so that the wave recording file can be transmitted to a main station and also can be stored in the local of a built-in fault wave recording device of the power distribution terminal, data backup is facilitated, and the data storage and reading efficiency is improved. In one embodiment, the storage module includes an sd (secure Digital memory) card storage module and a memory expansion module, so as to implement local storage and local reading of the recording file.
In one embodiment, the main control unit further comprises a power module, a status indication module and a clock module, the power module is connected with the main control module, the power module is used for supplying power to the main control module, in one embodiment, the main control unit further comprises a main board, a connection circuit is arranged on the main board, the main control module is respectively connected with the communication module, the positioning module and the storage module through the connection circuit, and the connection circuit is connected with the power module, so that the power module can supply power to the communication module, the positioning module and the storage module. The state indicating module is connected with the main control module, the main control module realizes the display of the running state of the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal through the state indicating module, and in one embodiment, the state indicating module comprises a state indicating lamp. The clock module is connected with the main control module and is used for providing clock signals for the main control module.
It should be noted that, in each embodiment, the fault recorder built in the power distribution terminal may also be referred to as a power distribution terminal fault recorder.
The following is a specific example:
in this embodiment, a power distribution terminal built-in fault wave recording device is provided, which is also called a power distribution terminal built-in fault wave recording device, as shown in fig. 3, and includes a main board, a back board, and a signal sampling input board, where the main board is connected to the signal sampling input board through the back board, the main board is a main control unit of the above embodiment, the back board is a signal conversion unit of the above embodiment, and the signal sampling input board is a signal acquisition unit of the above embodiment. The main board is used for realizing AD sampling of fault recording, communication with a main station, GPS positioning and system time synchronization, simultaneously comprises power conversion, and is used for local storage and local reading of a recording file and terminal running state indication; the backboard is used for connecting the main board with the signal sampling input board; the signal sampling input plate is used for realizing the conversion of current and voltage, high voltage isolation and photoelectric isolation of remote signaling signals.
In this embodiment, the built-in trouble recorder of distribution terminal includes a casing, and the height of casing is 1U (4.445cm), and this casing can be installed in the standard frame, and then installs in the computer lab conveniently. The mainboard, the backboard and the signal sampling input board are all arranged in the casing.
This trouble record ripples device is applied to cable network distribution lines, uses with current distribution terminal cooperation, installs in distribution terminal's communication box, parallelly connected collection busbar voltage, concatenates the current sampling return circuit at distribution terminal, realizes the record ripples requirement of cubical switchboard one advance one or one advance many, has the live-line installation characteristics of not having a power failure of circuit.
In the embodiment, the distribution network fault recording device is developed according to the standards of GB/T22386-, is used in cooperation with the current distribution automation terminal, is connected in series with a current sampling loop of the distribution terminal, acquires distribution network fault current information, the parallel connection distribution terminal voltage sampling circuit is used for collecting distribution network fault voltage information, the parallel connection and distribution terminal switching value signal circuit is used for collecting remote signaling and remote control information, a distribution terminal direct-current power supply is used as a system operation power supply, the installation without power outage is realized, the installation and debugging are convenient, and the wave recording requirements of one-input one-output and multiple-output/multiple-input multiple-output are realized.
The mainboard comprises a main control module, and an ADC sampling module, a remote signaling input module, a GPS positioning module, a power supply module, a storage module, a communication module, a status indicator lamp and a real-time clock module which are connected with the main control module. The main control module of the embodiment comprises an MK60DN512ZVLQ10 chip, a DSP multiplier is arranged in the chip, and FFT operation is realized in a single instruction cycle. The storage module comprises an SD card storage module and a memory expansion module, and realizes local storage and local reading of the wave recording file.
In the function of this embodiment, the motherboard is provided with two sets of ADC sampling modules, the AD sampling module adopts an AD7606 analog sampling chip, the highest sampling rate of 4M is achieved, the front end of the AD sampling module is connected to two low-pass filter networks, and a specific circuit is shown in fig. 4.
The GPS positioning module in this embodiment employs an NEO-7M module, a Multi-GNSS engine having GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QZSS, supports an active antenna, and an advanced RF architecture and interference suppression ensure that the best performance can be achieved even in an environment where GPS signals are weak, and a connection diagram of a peripheral circuit thereof is shown in fig. 5.
The communication module of this embodiment includes an ethernet communication module, a wireless internet module and an RS232 communication module, where the wireless internet module adopts an SIM7100CE internet module, and supports 2G, 3G and 4G network systems of mainstream operators such as mobile, internet and telecommunications, and a connection diagram of a peripheral circuit thereof is shown in fig. 6.
The signal sampling input board realizes the isolation and conversion of voltage and current, and the 220V alternating input voltage is connected into a 2A:2mA current transformer to be changed into a current signal which is changed into a voltage signal through a sampling resistor and then is input into an ADC sampling module of the mainboard; the secondary current is connected to a current transformer with the ratio of 5A to 2.5mA, converted into small current and converted into a voltage signal through a sampling resistor to be input to an ADC sampling module of the mainboard. Meanwhile, the switching signal of the power distribution terminal is converted into an IO state after photoelectric conversion and then is input to the remote signaling input module of the main board, and a specific conversion circuit schematic diagram is shown in fig. 7. Wherein the signal sampling input board has 8 current inputs and 8 voltage inputs, and has 6 remote signaling inputs. The signals of 8 paths of current input and 8 paths of voltage input are analog signals, and the signals of 6 paths of remote signaling input are digital signals.
The function of the built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal of the embodiment is realized as follows:
1. the device is used for collecting 16 paths of analog quantity and 6 paths of digital quantity, the collection frequency is 128 points per cycle, and the AD digit number of the analog quantity is 16 bits. The 16 paths of analog quantity comprise 8 paths of voltage signals and 8 paths of current signals, and the 6 paths of digital quantity comprise 6 paths of remote signaling signals.
2. And performing full-wave FFT calculation on the analog signals to obtain fundamental wave and each subharmonic content of voltage and current, and calculating active, reactive and power factors of each loop.
3. And judging whether to start the transient recording according to the starting condition. It is worth mentioning that the start-up conditions are the voltage event and the current event in the above embodiments. The starting conditions of the embodiment include voltage jump starting, voltage out-of-limit starting, zero sequence voltage out-of-limit starting, current jump starting, current out-of-limit starting, zero sequence current out-of-limit starting and switching value shift starting. The specific functional and performance requirements are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 functional and performance requirements corresponding to start-up conditions
It is worth mentioning that the wave recording stage is divided into 4 stages: the A stage is a pre-fault stage, the B stage is a post-fault stage, the C stage is a long-fault steady-state stage, and the D stage is an ultra-long-fault steady-state stage, wherein the A stage and the B stage record AD original values, the C stage and the D stage record AD power frequency effective values, and the recording sampling frequency and the recording time of each stage can be configured as required. Meanwhile, the fault starting recording sequence is carried out according to the following sequence:
1. starting for the first time:
after the condition of starting the element is met, the operation is carried out according to the sequence of the periods A → B → C → D until the fault disappears or the time of each stage is finished.
2. And (3) repeatedly starting:
in the process of starting recording, the following logic is executed if the starting element is started again: repeating the sequence of the B → C → D period again in the B period; in the CD section, the last recording should be finished each time, and the sequence is repeated along the A → B → C → D time period until the failure disappears or the time of each stage is over.
In this embodiment, the main control module is configured to generate a fault recording file, and store the fault recording file in the SD card storage module. The fault recording files each contain a set of up to four files associated therewith, each of the four files having a different information rating. The four files are respectively a title file, a configuration file, a data file and an information file.
Title files, an optional ASCII text file created by the originator of COMTRADE data, the creator of the title file can create any information in any desired order. The title file is in ASCII format.
The configuration file, which is an ASCII text file, correctly specifies the format of the data (. DAT) file and therefore must be saved in a specific format. This file interprets the information contained in the data (. DAT) file, including items such as sampling rate, number of channels, frequency, channel information, etc. A field in the first line of the configuration file identifies the year of the COMTRADE standard version under which the file is compliant (e.g., 1991, 1999, etc.). If this field is not present or is empty, then the document is assumed to comply with the standard original release date (1991). The configuration file also contains a field identifying whether the accompanying data file is stored in ASCII format or binary format.
The configuration file has the following information:
1. station name, characteristics of the recording device, year of modification of the COMTRADE standard;
2. the number and type of channels;
3. channel name, unit and conversion coefficient;
4. a line frequency;
5. sampling rate and number of samples at each rate;
6. date and time of the first data point;
7. trigger point and date and time;
8. a data file type;
9. the time stamp is multiplied by a factor.
A data file containing values for all input channels per sample in the record. The data file contains a sequence number and a time stamp for each sample, which in addition to the data of the analog input also records the status, i.e. the input representing the on/off signal.
An information file is a special information other than information that a file creator wishes to make available to a user, and is an optional file. At present, the device records waves of two loops, wherein each loop has 4 voltages, 4 currents and 3 open-circuit input quantities to generate wave recording files, and only one group of fault wave recording files generate necessary cfg configuration files and dat wave recording data files.
The storage module can store fault recording files of about 6 months, the main control module stores the recording files in the SD card according to the time of fault generation, and the SD card can be taken out on site to copy the recording files to a computer for analysis.
The communication module, through the inside integrated wireless whole network of record wave device and lead to the module, the record wave device communicates with main website with 4G whole network leads to wireless module, adopts the 101 stipulations to give the main website system with the record wave file that generates is whole, and the device still can give the main website system with GPS positional information transfer simultaneously, and the maintainer of being convenient for fixes a position trouble record wave device to and the time service of device.
The built-in fault recorder of distribution terminal of this application can install with electricity, establishes ties the current loop of built-in fault recorder to the current loop of distribution terminal, and concrete implementation scheme takes the IA return circuit as an example, puts down the test terminal of distribution terminal current terminal row with the test wire short circuit for the stake, avoids CT to open a way. And disconnecting the IA ' from the upper pile, accessing the IA of the built-in fault recording device, and then accessing the IA ' of the built-in roadblock recording device to the IA ' position of the upper pile of the power distribution terminal row to realize serial access. The test line was then unwound.
And voltage sampling signals are obtained, the voltage sampling signals of the built-in fault recorder are connected with the voltage sampling of the power distribution terminal in parallel, and the switch on-off position and earth knife position remote signals of the built-in fault recorder are connected with the remote signal input of the power distribution terminal in parallel. The device Power supply DC48V of the Power distribution terminal is connected to the Power terminal of the built-in fault recording device.
The application is applied to a distribution network line, is matched with a current distribution automation terminal DTU (Data Transfer unit, Data transmission unit) for use, collects bus voltage in parallel, is connected in series with a current sampling loop of the DTU, and meets the recording requirement of one input and one output of a switch cabinet. Has the following advantages:
1) sampling 8-channel current and 8-channel voltage, supporting 20kA primary fault current sampling of a distribution line, supporting 6.4kb/s at the maximum sampling rate, capturing the transient process of a fault, and meeting the requirement of wave recording of a power distribution terminal in one time;
2) the recording and wave recording functions of various short-circuit fault types, disconnection, system overvoltage and load unbalance events are realized, and various starting elements are supported, including switch on-off positions, earth knife and other remote signaling displacement, voltage out-of-limit, voltage sudden change, current out-of-limit and current sudden change of each channel are realized;
3) distributing a current and voltage sampling channel to two sampling plates according to the actual requirement of a distribution network line, wherein each sampling plate supports 4 paths of currents such as IA, IB, IC, IO and the like, 4 paths of voltages such as UA, UB, UC, UO and the like, and inputs of remote signaling quantities such as a position division quantity, a position combination quantity, a ground switch and the like;
4) the wave recording data format meets Comtrade1999 GBT22386-2008 power system transient data exchange general format;
5) the terminal is internally provided with a 4G full-network communication module and an 10/100M Ethernet interface, can communicate with a wave recording master station through a 101 or 104 protocol, and reports wave recording data;
6) the SD card is locally configured to serve as a large-capacity storage medium of wave recording data, and more than 1000 pieces of fault wave recording data can be stored;
7) the wave recording device can adopt a direct-current power supply of the power distribution terminal as a system operation power supply, and the current measuring loop is connected in series in the current loop of the power distribution terminal, so that the installation without power outage is realized, and the installation and the debugging are convenient.
The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal of the embodiment has the following functions and characteristics:
1. sampling:
1) 8-channel current and 8-channel voltage sampling and the input of remote signaling quantities such as a position division quantity, a position combination quantity, a ground switch quantity and the like meet the requirement of one-in one-out or one-in multiple-out of the switch cabinet.
2) The supporting distribution lines generally consider a maximum of 20kA fault current sampling, and can capture the transient process of the fault.
2. Starting amount:
and various starting elements are supported, including zero-sequence current out-of-limit starting, voltage out-of-limit, voltage sudden change, current out-of-limit, current sudden change, switching value starting and the like.
3. The wave recording function:
the recording and wave recording functions of various short-circuit fault types, disconnection, system overvoltage and load unbalance events meet Comtrade1999 in a wave recording data format, and have 1000 wave recording data circulating storage functions
4. Communication and clock synchronization functions:
1) the terminal is internally provided with a 4G full-network communication module and an 10/100M Ethernet interface, and can communicate with the wave recording master station through a 101 or 104 protocol.
2) With GPS and master clock synchronization.
5. Other important functions that are extensible:
1) and the small current fault line selection function supports the judgment of a fault section of the small current grounding system.
2) Lightning stroke and fault distinguishing function is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to analyze faults.
3) The power quality monitoring function realizes the capture of voltage fluctuation, flicker, power, three-phase imbalance and the like on site.
4) The harmonic analysis function, the recording capacity of the harmonic wave of 64 times is achieved, and the problem that the influence of the harmonic wave and the ultra-high harmonic wave on electricity utilization is analyzed by a terminal user is solved.
The technical result of the power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device of the embodiment includes:
1. power distribution network fault recording: sampling of 8-channel current and 8-channel voltage, and input of remote signaling quantities such as position division, position combination and earth knife, the maximum 20kA fault current sampling is usually considered for a distribution line, the transient process of a fault can be captured, various starting elements are supported, and the starting is sensitive. The demand of distribution network fault analysis is realized.
2. The distribution terminal is installed in a live state: the device is placed in a communication box of the power distribution terminal, is connected with the bus voltage in parallel and is connected with a current sampling loop of the power distribution terminal in series, and has the characteristic of live installation of the power distribution terminal.
3. The convenience is good: the CT and PT sampling loops and switching value information are shared with the power distribution terminal, and a power supply of the power distribution terminal is shared.
4. The expansibility is strong: the system can expand and support small current grounding line selection, lightning stroke and fault distinguishing function, electric energy quality monitoring function, harmonic analysis function and the like.
The power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device of the embodiment has the following economic benefits:
nearly 30 million power distribution terminals are operated in China at present, each power distribution terminal is internally provided with a fault recording device which is calculated according to 0.8-1 ten thousand yuan (including construction cost), so that the economic benefit is 24-30 million yuan, and if the fault recording device is only installed at a key feeder node and is installed according to 1/3, the economic benefit is 8-10 million yuan, so that the fault recording device has great market value.
The technical benefits of the power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device of the embodiment are as follows:
the method can bring great convenience to fault analysis, operation and maintenance of the power distribution network and power distribution equipment and planning of the power distribution network and provide support for transformation of the power distribution network.
The following is a specific example:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device is provided, which includes a main board, a back board, and a signal sampling input board, where the main board is used to implement AD sampling of fault recording, main station communication, GPS positioning and system time setting, and includes power conversion, local storage of a recording file, local reading, and terminal operation state indication; the backboard is used for connecting the main board with the signal sampling input board; the signal sampling input plate is used for realizing the conversion of current and voltage, high voltage isolation and photoelectric isolation of remote signaling signals.
The mainboard takes a microcontroller as a core, and the microcontroller is connected with an ADC sampling module, a remote signaling input module, a GPS positioning module, a power supply module, a storage module, a communication module, a status indicator lamp and a real-time clock module. The microcontroller of the embodiment adopts an MK60DN512ZVLQ10 chip, a DSP multiplier is arranged in the chip, and FFT operation is realized in a single instruction cycle. The storage module comprises an SD card storage module and a memory expansion module, and realizes the local storage and the local reading of the wave recording file.
In this embodiment, two sets of ADC sampling modules are provided, the AD sampling module employs an AD7606 analog sampling chip, the highest sampling rate of 4M is achieved, the front end of the AD sampling module is connected to two low-pass filter networks, and a specific circuit is shown in fig. 4.
The GPS positioning module of this embodiment employs an NEO-7M module, a Multi-GNSS engine having GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QZSS, an active antenna, an advanced RF architecture, and interference suppression to ensure that the best performance can be achieved even in an environment with weak GPS signals, and a connection diagram of peripheral circuits thereof is shown in fig. 5.
The communication module of this embodiment includes an ethernet communication module, a wireless internet module and an RS232 communication module, where the wireless internet module adopts an SIM7100CE internet module, and supports 2G, 3G and 4G network systems of mainstream operators such as mobile, internet and telecommunications, and a connection diagram of a peripheral circuit thereof is shown in fig. 6.
The signal sampling input board realizes the isolation and conversion of voltage and current, and the 220V alternating input voltage is connected into a 2A:2mA current transformer to be changed into a current signal which is changed into a voltage signal through a sampling resistor and then is input into an ADC sampling module of the mainboard; the secondary current is connected to a current transformer with the ratio of 5A to 2.5mA, converted into small current and converted into a voltage signal through a sampling resistor to be input to an ADC sampling module of the mainboard. Meanwhile, the switching signal is converted into an IO state after photoelectric conversion and then is input to the remote signaling input module of the motherboard, and a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit is shown in fig. 7.
The functional module of the power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device of the embodiment comprises an analog digital quantity acquisition module, an analog signal processing module, a recording start judging module, a fault recording file generating and managing module and a master station communication module, wherein,
the analog quantity digital quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring 16 paths of analog quantity and 6 paths of digital quantity, the acquisition frequency is 128 points per cycle, and the AD digit number of the analog quantity is 16 digits.
The analog signal processing module is used for full-wave FFT calculation to obtain fundamental wave and each subharmonic content of voltage and current, and calculating active power, reactive power and power factors of each loop.
The recording start judging module is used for judging whether to start the transient record according to the starting element, the starting element of the embodiment comprises voltage sudden change starting, voltage out-of-limit starting, zero sequence voltage out-of-limit starting, current sudden change starting, current out-of-limit starting, zero sequence current out-of-limit starting and switching value displacement starting, and the specific function and performance requirements are shown in the following table 1.
The wave recording stage is divided into 4 stages: the A stage is a pre-fault stage, the B stage is a post-fault stage, the C stage is a long-fault steady-state stage, and the D stage is an ultra-long-fault steady-state stage, wherein the A stage and the B stage record AD original values, the C stage and the D stage record AD power frequency effective values, and the recording sampling frequency and the recording time of each stage can be configured as required. Meanwhile, the fault starting recording sequence is carried out according to the following sequence:
1. starting for the first time:
after the condition of starting the element is met, the operation is carried out according to the sequence of the periods A → B → C → D until the fault disappears or the time of each stage is finished.
2. And (3) repeatedly starting:
in the process of starting recording, the following logic is executed if the starting element is started again: repeating the sequence of the B → C → D period again in the B period; in the CD section, the last recording should be finished each time, and the sequence is repeated along the A → B → C → D time period until the failure disappears or the time of each stage is over.
And the fault recording file generation and management module is used for generating a fault recording file and storing the fault recording file in the SD card storage module. The fault recording files have a set of up to four files associated with them, each of the four files having a different information rating. The four are respectively:
title files, an optional ASCII text file created by the originator of COMTRADE data, the creator of the title file can create any information in any desired order. The format of the title file is ASCII;
the configuration file, which is an ASCII text file, correctly specifies the format of the data (. DAT) file and therefore must be saved in a specific format. This file interprets the information contained in the data (. DAT) file, including items such as sampling rate, number of channels, frequency, channel information, etc. A field in the first line of the configuration file identifies the year of the COMTRADE standard version under which the file is compliant (e.g., 1991, 1999, etc.). If this field is not present or is empty, then the document is assumed to comply with the standard original release date (1991). The configuration file also contains a field identifying whether the accompanying data file is stored in ASCII format or binary format.
The configuration file has the following information:
1. station name, features of recording device, year of revision of COMTRADE standard
2. Number and type of channels
3. Channel name, unit and conversion coefficient
4. Line frequency
5. Sampling rate and number of samples per rate
6. Date and time of the first data point
7. Trigger point and date and time
8. Data file type
9. Time stamp multiplication factor
A data file containing values for all input channels per sample in the record. The data file contains a sequence number and a time stamp for each sample, which in addition to the data of the analog input also records the status, i.e. the input representing the on/off signal.
An information file is a special information other than information that a file creator wishes to make available to a user, and is an optional file. At present, the device records waves of two loops, wherein each loop has 4 voltages, 4 currents and 3 open-circuit input quantities to generate wave recording files, and only one group of fault wave recording files generate necessary cfg configuration files and dat wave recording data files.
The device can store fault recording files of nearly 6 months, the device stores the recording files in the SD card according to the time of fault generation, and the SD card can be taken out on site to copy the recording files to a computer for analysis.
The main website communication module, through the inside integrated wireless network communication module of record device, the record device communicates with the main website with 4G network communication wireless module, adopts the 101 stipulations to give the main website system with the record file that generates is whole, and the device still can give the main website system with GPS positional information transfer simultaneously, and the maintainer of being convenient for fixes a position trouble record device to and the time service of device.
The built-in fault recorder of distribution terminal of this application can install with electricity, and the current loop of will built-in fault recorder concatenates the current loop of distribution terminal, and concrete implementation scheme takes the IA return circuit as an example, puts down the test terminal of distribution terminal current terminal row with the test wire short circuit for the stake, avoids CT to open a way. And disconnecting the IA ' from the upper pile, accessing the IA of the built-in fault recording device, and then accessing the IA ' of the built-in roadblock recording device to the IA ' position of the upper pile of the power distribution terminal row to realize serial access. The test line was then unwound.
And voltage sampling signals are obtained, the voltage sampling signals of the built-in fault recorder are connected with the voltage sampling of the power distribution terminal in parallel, and the switch on-off position and earth knife position remote signals of the built-in fault recorder are connected with the remote signal input of the power distribution terminal in parallel. The device Power supply DC48V of the Power distribution terminal is connected to the Power terminal of the built-in fault recording device.
The application is applied to distribution network lines, uses with the cooperation of current distribution automation terminal DTU, and parallelly connected collection busbar voltage concatenates the current sampling return circuit at DTU, realizes the record ripples requirement that the cubical switchboard advances one by one. Has the following advantages:
1) sampling 8-channel current and 8-channel voltage, supporting 20kA primary fault current sampling of a distribution line, supporting 6.4kb/s at the maximum sampling rate, capturing the transient process of a fault, and meeting the requirement of wave recording of a power distribution terminal in one time;
2) the recording and wave recording functions of various short-circuit fault types, disconnection, system overvoltage and load unbalance events are realized, and various starting elements are supported, including switch on-off positions, earth knife and other remote signaling displacement, voltage out-of-limit, voltage sudden change, current out-of-limit and current sudden change of each channel are realized;
3) distributing a current and voltage sampling channel to two sampling plates according to the actual requirement of a distribution network line, wherein each sampling plate supports 4 paths of currents such as IA, IB, IC, IO and the like, 4 paths of voltages such as UA, UB, UC, UO and the like, and inputs of remote signaling quantities such as a position division quantity, a position combination quantity, a ground switch and the like;
4) the wave recording data format meets Comtrade1999 GBT22386-2008 power system transient data exchange general format;
5) the terminal is internally provided with a 4G full-network communication module and an 10/100M Ethernet interface, can communicate with a wave recording master station through a 101 or 104 protocol, and reports wave recording data;
6) the SD card is locally configured to serve as a large-capacity storage medium of wave recording data, and more than 1000 pieces of fault wave recording data can be stored;
7) the wave recording device can adopt a direct-current power supply of the power distribution terminal as a system operation power supply, and the current measuring loop is connected in series in the current loop of the power distribution terminal, so that the installation without power outage is realized, and the installation and the debugging are convenient.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a built-in trouble record ripples device of distribution terminal which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a main control unit, a signal conversion unit and a signal acquisition unit, wherein the main control unit is connected with the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit;
the signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage signals and current signals;
the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the voltage signal and the current signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the voltage signal and the current signal to the main control unit;
the main control unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and generating a wave recording file.
2. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition unit is further configured to acquire a remote signaling signal; the signal conversion unit is used for receiving the remote signaling signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit and sending the remote signaling signals to the main control unit; the main control unit is used for processing the remote signaling signals and generating the wave recording file according to the remote signaling signals, the voltage signals and the current signals.
3. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal acquisition unit is configured to be connected in series with a current sampling loop of the power distribution terminal to acquire a current signal of the power distribution terminal;
the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a voltage sampling loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a voltage signal of the power distribution terminal;
the signal acquisition unit is also used for being connected with a switching value signal loop of the power distribution terminal in parallel so as to acquire a remote signaling signal of the power distribution terminal;
and the fault recording device is also used for being connected with a direct current power supply of the power distribution terminal.
4. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit is configured to process the voltage signal and the current signal based on a fast algorithm of full-wave discrete fourier transform to obtain fundamental wave data and harmonic wave data, calculate active power, reactive power and power factor, and generate the recording file according to the fundamental wave data, the harmonic wave data, the active power, the reactive power and the power factor.
5. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit is further configured to trigger generation of the recording file when a preset voltage event and/or a current event is detected.
6. The power distribution terminal built-in fault recording device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the main control unit includes a main control module and an analog-to-digital sampling module, the main control module is connected to the analog-to-digital sampling module, and the analog-to-digital sampling module is connected to the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit.
7. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 6, wherein the main control unit further comprises a remote signaling input module, the main control module is connected with the remote signaling input module, and the remote signaling input module is connected with the signal acquisition unit through the signal conversion unit.
8. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal as claimed in claim 6, wherein the main control unit further comprises a communication module, and the main control module is connected with the communication module.
9. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 8, wherein the main control unit further comprises a positioning module, and the main control module is connected with the positioning module.
10. The built-in fault recording device of the power distribution terminal according to claim 6, wherein the main control unit further comprises a storage module, the main control module is connected with the storage module, and the storage module is used for storing the recording file.
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