CN110660937B - A kind of electric vehicle battery box based on variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure - Google Patents

A kind of electric vehicle battery box based on variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure Download PDF

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CN110660937B
CN110660937B CN201910801014.6A CN201910801014A CN110660937B CN 110660937 B CN110660937 B CN 110660937B CN 201910801014 A CN201910801014 A CN 201910801014A CN 110660937 B CN110660937 B CN 110660937B
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plate
box body
box
zero poisson
ratio
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CN110660937A (en
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周冠
闫鹏飞
赵万忠
王源隆
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，属于新能源电动汽车领域，采用零泊松比材料填充进行吸能盒的设计，其结构在吸能和缓震方面具有优异的性能，工艺较为简单，造价相对低廉，质量更轻。本发明包括上盖板、吸能盒体、箱体板a、箱体板b、下底板；上盖板、两片箱体板a、两片箱体板b、下底板组合安装为箱体，吸能盒体位于箱体内；吸能盒体包括铝合金导热板、碳纤维吸热板、零泊松比三维结构材料、吸能盒上盖板，铝合金导热板紧贴电池本体，碳纤维吸热板紧贴箱体板a和箱体板b内壁，铝合金导热板和碳纤维吸热板之间填充零泊松比三维结构材料。

Figure 201910801014

The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure, which belongs to the field of new energy electric vehicles. The energy-absorbing box is designed by filling with zero Poisson's ratio material. It has excellent performance, relatively simple process, relatively low cost and lighter weight. The present invention includes an upper cover plate, an energy absorbing box body, a box body plate a, a box body plate b, and a lower bottom plate; the upper cover plate, two pieces of box body plates a, two pieces of box body plates b, and the lower bottom plate are assembled to form a box body The energy-absorbing box body is located in the box; the energy-absorbing box body includes an aluminum alloy heat-conducting plate, a carbon fiber heat-absorbing plate, a three-dimensional structure material with zero Poisson's ratio, and an upper cover plate of the energy-absorbing box. The hot plate is close to the inner wall of the box plate a and the box plate b, and the three-dimensional structure material with zero Poisson's ratio is filled between the aluminum alloy heat-conducting plate and the carbon fiber heat-absorbing plate.

Figure 201910801014

Description

Electric automobile battery box based on thickness-variable gradient zero Poisson ratio structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy electric automobiles, and particularly relates to an electric automobile battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero Poisson ratio structure.
Background
"zero poisson's ratio material" refers to a material in which the strain in the direction perpendicular to the direction of action of the load does not change when the material is under tension or compression. Materials with a "zero poisson's ratio effect" are most often used in applications where they are sensitive to deformation in the unloaded direction or where the strain in the unloaded direction is not allowed to change. Because the material with the zero Poisson ratio effect is generally a honeycomb structure, the material has better performance than the common material in the aspects of energy absorption and shock absorption.
The battery of the electric automobile is a power source of the electric automobile, and the normal running of the automobile can be seriously influenced if the battery of the electric automobile is damaged. Since a normal-running automobile is likely to hit a battery portion when an accidental impact is applied thereto, it is necessary to protect the battery with a material having a certain excellent performance, and damage to the battery is minimized.
The protection scheme of current electric automobile battery mainly focuses on the selection of casing material, through choosing high strength material probably leads to the increase of battery box whole quality. And present electric automobile battery most all reduces the harm that the collision caused to inside battery module through set up certain clearance between for battery case and battery or battery and the battery, in case when the striking is comparatively serious, hardly guarantee not to reach inside battery module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric automobile battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero Poisson ratio structure, which is characterized in that a zero Poisson ratio material is adopted for filling to design an energy absorption box, the structure has excellent performance in the aspects of energy absorption and shock absorption, the process is simple, the manufacturing cost is relatively low, and the weight is lighter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero Poisson ratio structure comprises an upper cover plate 1, an energy absorption box body 3, a box body plate a4, a box body plate b5 and a lower bottom plate 10; the upper cover plate 1, the two box body plates a4, the two box body plates b5 and the lower bottom plate 10 are assembled into a box body, and the energy-absorbing box body 3 is positioned in the box body; the energy absorption box body 3 comprises an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12, a zero Poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 and an energy absorption box upper cover plate 15, wherein the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 is tightly attached to the battery body, the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12 is tightly attached to the inner walls of a box body plate a4 and a box body plate b5, and the zero Poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 is filled between the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12.
In the structure, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the grooves 6 matched with the batteries, so that the batteries are convenient to fix and install, the peripheries of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the threaded holes 14 which penetrate through the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 and are aligned with the threaded holes 14 on the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are assembled and matched with the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5 through the screws 2, and the rubber gaskets are added in the middle; the lower base plate 10 is designed with a flange and a threaded hole 14, so that the lower base plate 10 can be conveniently installed on a vehicle body through the screw 2.
Box board a4, box board b5 both sides design has slope short-side board 16, and all design has screw hole 14, realize two box board a4 through screw 2 and nut 8, the installation of two box board b5, and the gasket is installed to cooperation department, box board a4 and the inside water course 17 that has designed respectively of box board b5, the outside design has water inlet 7 and delivery port 9, water inlet 7 and delivery port 9 are located the diagonal position in the box outside, make things convenient for the coolant liquid to circulate in box board inside, thereby dispel the heat and cool down the battery effectively, ensure that the battery normally works between its operating temperature.
Six batteries are arranged in the energy absorption box body 3, the outer side of the energy absorption box body 3 is a carbon fiber heat absorption plate, the inner clamping groove is formed by an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate in a surrounding mode, and the upper cover plate 15 of the energy absorption box is also made of aluminum alloy. The battery arranging clamping groove corresponds to the groove 6; the 1/4 design structure of the cellular structure of the zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 is composed of a first vertical edge, a first oblique edge, a second oblique edge, a third oblique edge and a second vertical edge, a thickness gradient is designed through the change of the cellular thickness t, two cellular crosses form a most basic three-dimensional structure unit filled with the zero poisson ratio, and then the array of the three-dimensional structure units in two directions of X and Y is used for forming the overall three-dimensional structure of the zero poisson ratio material, the first oblique edge forms an angle alpha with the horizontal direction, the second oblique edge forms an angle beta with the horizontal direction, the third oblique edge forms an angle theta with the horizontal direction, wherein the angle alpha is an angle theta 45-60 degrees, the angle beta is an angle 45-72 degrees, and the vertical height Y/X is smaller than 3.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero-Poisson ratio structure, which is characterized in that a variable thickness gradient cross-shaped zero-Poisson ratio material is filled in an energy absorption box body, the structure of the electric vehicle battery box is better than that of a traditional material in the aspects of energy absorption and shock absorption, and the electric vehicle battery box has the mechanical characteristic that the strain is zero in the direction vertical to a loaded surface, so that the damage and the influence of the vehicle on a battery when the vehicle is impacted can be better relieved; the cross-shaped cells with zero Poisson ratio are designed in a variable thickness gradient mode and are tiled in a layered mode, and compared with the traditional energy-absorbing material and the energy-absorbing structure with the zero Poisson ratio and the fixed thickness, the cross-shaped cells with the zero Poisson ratio have better energy-absorbing effect; the cross-shaped cells with zero Poisson ratio are easy to manufacture, the process is simple, most of the cells are made of aluminum alloy materials, the manufacturing cost is low, and the weight is lighter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery box assembly;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating cell parameters of 1/4;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a variable thickness gradient cross-shaped zero Poisson's ratio structure;
FIG. 4 is a view of the interior filling structure of the crash box;
in the figure, 1 is an upper cover plate, 2 is a screw, 3 is an energy absorption box body, 4 is a box body plate a, 5 is a box body plate b, 6 is a groove, 7 is a water inlet, 8 is a nut, 9 is a water outlet, 10 is a lower bottom plate, 11 is an aluminum alloy heat conducting plate, 12 is a carbon fiber heat absorbing plate, 13 is a zero poisson's ratio three-dimensional structure material, 14 is a threaded hole, 15 is an energy absorption box upper cover plate, 16 is an inclined short side plate, and 17 is a water channel.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero poisson's ratio structure comprises an upper cover plate 1, an energy absorption box body 3, a box body plate a4, a box body plate b5 and a lower base plate 10; the upper cover plate 1, the two box body plates a4, the two box body plates b5 and the lower bottom plate 10 are assembled into a box body, and the energy-absorbing box body 3 is positioned in the box body; the energy absorption box body 3 comprises an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12, a zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 and an energy absorption box upper cover plate 15, wherein the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 is tightly attached to the battery body, the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12 is tightly attached to the inner walls of a box body plate a4 and a box body plate b5, and as shown in fig. 4, the zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 is filled between the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12.
In the structure, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the grooves 6 matched with the batteries, so that the batteries are convenient to fix and install, the peripheries of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the threaded holes 14 which penetrate through the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 and are aligned with the threaded holes 14 on the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are assembled and matched with the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5 through the screws 2, and the rubber gaskets are added in the middle; the lower base plate 10 is designed with a flange and a threaded hole 14, so that the lower base plate 10 can be conveniently installed on a vehicle body through the screw 2.
Box board a4, box board b5 both sides design has slope short-side board 16, and all design has screw hole 14, realize two box board a4 through screw 2 and nut 8, the installation of two box board b5, and the gasket is installed to cooperation department, box board a4 and the inside water course 17 that has designed respectively of box board b5, the outside design has water inlet 7 and delivery port 9, water inlet 7 and delivery port 9 are located the diagonal position in the box outside, make things convenient for the coolant liquid to circulate in box board inside, thereby dispel the heat and cool down the battery effectively, ensure that the battery normally works between its operating temperature.
The energy-absorbing box body 3 is internally provided with six battery arrangement clamping grooves, the outer side of the energy-absorbing box body 3 is a carbon fiber heat absorbing plate, the internal clamping groove is formed by enclosing an aluminum alloy heat conducting plate, and the upper cover plate of the energy-absorbing box is also made of aluminum alloy. The battery arranging clamping groove corresponds to the groove 6; the 1/4 design structure of the cell structure of the zero poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material 13 shown in fig. 2 and 3 is composed of a first vertical side, a first oblique side, a second oblique side, a third oblique side, and a second vertical side, the thickness gradient is designed through the change of the cell thickness t, the two cells are crossed to form a zero poisson's ratio filled most basic three-dimensional structural unit, and then the three-dimensional structural unit is arrayed in the X and Y directions to form the overall three-dimensional structure of the zero poisson's ratio material.
As shown in fig. 2, the first vertical dimension a is 2.6mm, the first diagonal dimension b is 4.5mm, the second diagonal dimension c is 4.5mm, the third diagonal dimension d is 4.8mm, and the second vertical dimension e/2 is 2.2 mm. The included angle alpha between the first oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees, the included angle beta between the second oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 68 degrees, the included angle theta between the third oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees, the height of each cell is designed to be h 2mm, the thickness of the variable thickness gradient cell has three thickness values, t is respectively1＝2mm，t2＝2.5mm，t33mm, each thickness is spread one layer according to t1，t2， t3，t1，t2，t3A, or t3，t2，t1，t3，t2，t1A, or t1，t2，t3，t2，t1，t2， t3The thicknesses of the components are horizontally spread from the battery box wall to the battery module.
The battery arrangement clamping groove is formed in the box body, and six battery modules can be placed in each box body. The wall thickness of the clamping groove is set to be 8mm, the energy absorption box around the battery is composed of an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate and a zero Poisson ratio filling material, the thickness t1 of the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate is designed to be 5mm, and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate is designed to be 10 mm. The design parameters of the battery box body are strictly designed according to the national standard, and the material is aluminum alloy.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero poisson's ratio structure comprises an upper cover plate 1, an energy absorption box body 3, a box body plate a4, a box body plate b5 and a lower base plate 10; the upper cover plate 1, the two box body plates a4, the two box body plates b5 and the lower bottom plate 10 are assembled into a box body, and the energy-absorbing box body 3 is positioned in the box body; the energy absorption box body 3 comprises an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12, a zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 and an energy absorption box upper cover plate 15, wherein the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 is tightly attached to the battery body, the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12 is tightly attached to the inner walls of a box body plate a4 and a box body plate b5, and as shown in fig. 4, the zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 is filled between the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12.
In the structure, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the grooves 6 matched with the batteries, so that the batteries are convenient to fix and install, the peripheries of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the threaded holes 14 which penetrate through the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 and are aligned with the threaded holes 14 on the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are assembled and matched with the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5 through the screws 2, and the rubber gaskets are added in the middle; the lower base plate 10 is designed with a flange and a threaded hole 14, so that the lower base plate 10 can be conveniently installed on a vehicle body through the screw 2.
Box board a4, box board b5 both sides design has slope short-side board 16, and all design has screw hole 14, realize two box board a4 through screw 2 and nut 8, the installation of two box board b5, and the gasket is installed to cooperation department, box board a4 and the inside water course 17 that has designed respectively of box board b5, the outside design has water inlet 7 and delivery port 9, water inlet 7 and delivery port 9 are located the diagonal position in the box outside, make things convenient for the coolant liquid to circulate in box board inside, thereby dispel the heat and cool down the battery effectively, ensure that the battery normally works between its operating temperature.
The energy-absorbing box body 3 is internally provided with six battery arrangement clamping grooves, the outer side of the energy-absorbing box body 3 is a carbon fiber heat absorbing plate, the internal clamping groove is formed by enclosing an aluminum alloy heat conducting plate, and the upper cover plate of the energy-absorbing box is also made of aluminum alloy. The battery arranging clamping groove corresponds to the groove 6; the 1/4 design structure of the cell structure of the zero poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material 13 shown in fig. 2 and 3 is composed of a first vertical side, a first oblique side, a second oblique side, a third oblique side, and a second vertical side, the thickness gradient is designed through the change of the cell thickness t, the two cells are crossed to form a zero poisson's ratio filled most basic three-dimensional structural unit, and then the three-dimensional structural unit is arrayed in the X and Y directions to form the overall three-dimensional structure of the zero poisson's ratio material.
As shown in fig. 2, the first vertical dimension a is 2.6mm, the first diagonal dimension b is 4.5mm, the second diagonal dimension c is 4.5mm, the third diagonal dimension d is 4.8mm, and the second vertical dimension e/2 is 2.2 mm. The included angle alpha between the first oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 60 degrees, the included angle beta between the second oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 72 degrees, the included angle theta between the third oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 60 degrees, the height of each cell is designed to be h 2mm, the thickness of the variable thickness gradient cell has three thickness values, and t is respectively the thickness value of the variable thickness gradient cell1＝2mm，t2＝2.5mm，t33mm, each thickness is spread one layer according to t1，t2， t3，t1，t2，t3A, or t3，t2，t1，t3，t2，t1A, or t1，t2，t3，t2，t1，t2， t3Thickness ofThe tank wall is tiled towards the battery module.
The battery arrangement clamping groove is formed in the box body, and six battery modules can be placed in each box body. The wall thickness of the clamping groove is set to be 8mm, the energy absorption box around the battery is composed of an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate and a zero Poisson ratio filling material, the thickness t1 of the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate is designed to be 5mm, and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate is designed to be 10 mm. The design parameters of the battery box body are strictly designed according to the national standard, and the material is aluminum alloy.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero poisson's ratio structure comprises an upper cover plate 1, an energy absorption box body 3, a box body plate a4, a box body plate b5 and a lower base plate 10; the upper cover plate 1, the two box body plates a4, the two box body plates b5 and the lower bottom plate 10 are assembled into a box body, and the energy-absorbing box body 3 is positioned in the box body; the energy absorption box body 3 comprises an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12, a zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 and an energy absorption box upper cover plate 15, wherein the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 is tightly attached to the battery body, the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12 is tightly attached to the inner walls of a box body plate a4 and a box body plate b5, and as shown in fig. 4, the zero poisson ratio three-dimensional structure material 13 is filled between the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate 11 and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate 12.
In the structure, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the grooves 6 matched with the batteries, so that the batteries are convenient to fix and install, the peripheries of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are both provided with the threaded holes 14 which penetrate through the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 and are aligned with the threaded holes 14 on the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower base plate 10 are assembled and matched with the box body plate a4 and the box body plate b5 through the screws 2, and the rubber gaskets are added in the middle; the lower base plate 10 is designed with a flange and a threaded hole 14, so that the lower base plate 10 can be conveniently installed on a vehicle body through the screw 2.
Box board a4, box board b5 both sides design has slope short-side board 16, and all design has screw hole 14, realize two box board a4 through screw 2 and nut 8, the installation of two box board b5, and the gasket is installed to cooperation department, box board a4 and the inside water course 17 that has designed respectively of box board b5, the outside design has water inlet 7 and delivery port 9, water inlet 7 and delivery port 9 are located the diagonal position in the box outside, make things convenient for the coolant liquid to circulate in box board inside, thereby dispel the heat and cool down the battery effectively, ensure that the battery normally works between its operating temperature.
The energy-absorbing box body 3 is internally provided with six battery arrangement clamping grooves, the outer side of the energy-absorbing box body 3 is a carbon fiber heat absorbing plate, the internal clamping groove is formed by enclosing an aluminum alloy heat conducting plate, and the upper cover plate of the energy-absorbing box is also made of aluminum alloy. The battery arranging clamping groove corresponds to the groove 6; the 1/4 design structure of the cell structure of the zero poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material 13 shown in fig. 2 and 3 is composed of a first vertical side, a first oblique side, a second oblique side, a third oblique side, and a second vertical side, the thickness gradient is designed through the change of the cell thickness t, the two cells are crossed to form a zero poisson's ratio filled most basic three-dimensional structural unit, and then the three-dimensional structural unit is arrayed in the X and Y directions to form the overall three-dimensional structure of the zero poisson's ratio material.
As shown in fig. 2, the first vertical dimension a is 2.6mm, the first diagonal dimension b is 4.5mm, the second diagonal dimension c is 4.5mm, the third diagonal dimension d is 4.8mm, and the second vertical dimension e/2 is 2.2 mm. The included angle alpha between the first oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 50 degrees, the included angle beta between the second oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees, the included angle theta between the third oblique edge and the horizontal direction is 50 degrees, the height of each cell is designed to be h 2mm, the thickness of the variable thickness gradient cell has three thickness values, t is respectively1＝2mm，t2＝2.5mm，t33mm, each thickness is spread one layer according to t1，t2， t3，t1，t2，t3A, or t3，t2，t1，t3，t2，t1A, or t1，t2，t3，t2，t1，t2， t3The thicknesses of the components are horizontally spread from the battery box wall to the battery module.
The battery arrangement clamping groove is formed in the box body, and six battery modules can be placed in each box body. The wall thickness of the clamping groove is set to be 8mm, the energy absorption box around the battery is composed of an aluminum alloy heat conduction plate, a carbon fiber heat absorption plate and a zero Poisson ratio filling material, the thickness t1 of the aluminum alloy heat conduction plate is designed to be 5mm, and the carbon fiber heat absorption plate is designed to be 10 mm. The design parameters of the battery box body are strictly designed according to the national standard, and the material is aluminum alloy.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，包括上盖板(1)、吸能盒体(3)、箱体板a(4)、箱体板b(5)、下底板(10)；上盖板(1)、两片箱体板a(4)、两片箱体板b(5)、下底板(10)组合安装为箱体，吸能盒体(3)位于箱体内；吸能盒体(3)包括铝合金导热板(11)、碳纤维吸热板(12)、零泊松比三维结构材料(13)、吸能盒上盖板（15），铝合金导热板(11)紧贴电池本体，碳纤维吸热板(12)紧贴箱体板a(4)和箱体板b(5)内壁，铝合金导热板(11)和碳纤维吸热板(12)之间填充零泊松比三维结构材料(13)，零泊松比三维结构材料(13) 元胞结构的1/4设计结构由第一竖边、第一斜边、第二斜边、第三斜边、和第二竖边组成，通过元胞厚度t的变化来设计厚度梯度，通过将两个元胞十字交叉形成零泊松比填充的最基本三维结构单元，再通过所述三维结构单元在X和Y两个方向上的阵列来组成零泊松比材料的总体三维结构。1. An electric vehicle battery box based on a variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure, characterized in that it comprises an upper cover plate (1), an energy absorbing box (3), a box body plate a (4), a box body plate b (5), the lower bottom plate (10); the upper cover plate (1), the two box body plates a (4), the two box body plates b (5), and the lower bottom plate (10) are assembled into a box body, and the suction The energy box body (3) is located in the box body; the energy absorption box body (3) comprises an aluminum alloy heat conducting plate (11), a carbon fiber heat absorption plate (12), a zero Poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material (13), and an upper cover of the energy absorption box The plate (15), the aluminum alloy heat-conducting plate (11) is close to the battery body, the carbon fiber heat-absorbing plate (12) is close to the inner wall of the box plate a (4) and the box plate b (5), and the aluminum alloy heat-conducting plate (11) A zero Poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material (13) is filled between the carbon fiber heat absorbing plate (12), and the zero Poisson's ratio three-dimensional structural material (13) The 1/4 design structure of the cell structure consists of the first vertical side, the first oblique The edge, the second hypotenuse, the third hypotenuse, and the second vertical edge, the thickness gradient is designed through the change of the cell thickness t, and the most basic three-dimensional structure filled with zero Poisson’s ratio is formed by crossing the two cells. unit, and then the overall three-dimensional structure of the zero Poisson's ratio material is composed by the arrays of the three-dimensional structural units in the two directions of X and Y. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，吸能盒体(3)内部设置有六个电池安置卡槽，吸能盒体(3)的外侧为碳纤维吸热板，内部卡槽由铝合金导热板围成，吸能盒上盖板(15)的材料为铝合金，所述电池安置卡槽与凹槽(6)相对应。2. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1, wherein the energy-absorbing box body (3) is provided with six battery placement slots inside the energy-absorbing box body (3). 3) The outer side is a carbon fiber heat-absorbing plate, the inner card slot is surrounded by an aluminum alloy heat-conducting plate, the material of the upper cover plate (15) of the energy-absorbing box is aluminum alloy, and the battery placement card slot corresponds to the groove (6) . 3.根据权利要求1所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，上盖板(1)与下底板(10)都设计有与电池相配合的凹槽(6)，上盖板(1)与下底板(10)四周都设计有贯穿的螺纹孔(14)，与箱体板a(4)、箱体板b(5)上的螺纹孔(14)对齐，通过螺钉(2)来实现上盖板(1)、下底板(10)与箱体板a(4)、箱体板b(5)的组装配合。3. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the upper cover plate (1) and the lower bottom plate (10) are designed with grooves that match the battery (6), the upper cover plate (1) and the lower bottom plate (10) are designed with threaded holes (14) that penetrate through them, and the threaded holes (14) on the box body plate a (4) and the box body plate b (5) are designed ) are aligned, and the upper cover plate (1), the lower bottom plate (10) and the box body plate a (4) and the box body plate b (5) are assembled and matched by screws (2). 4.根据权利要求3所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，上盖板(1)、下底板(10)与箱体板a(4)、箱体板b(5)中间加有橡胶垫圈。4. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 3, wherein the upper cover plate (1), the lower bottom plate (10), the box body plate a (4), the box A rubber gasket is added in the middle of the body plate b(5). 5.根据权利要求1或3所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，下底板(10)设计有凸缘且其上设计有螺纹孔14，使下底板（10）通过螺钉（2）安装在车体上。5. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, the lower bottom plate (10) is designed with a flange and a threaded hole 14 is designed on it, so that the lower bottom plate (10) is designed with a flange. The bottom plate (10) is mounted on the vehicle body through screws (2). 6.根据权利要求1所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，箱体板a(4)、箱体板b(5)两侧设计有倾斜短边板（16），且都设计有螺纹孔（14），通过螺钉（2）和螺母（8）安装两片箱体板a(4)和两片箱体板b(5)，配合处安装有垫片。6. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sides of the box body plate a (4) and the box body plate b (5) are designed with inclined short sides Plate (16), and are designed with threaded holes (14), two pieces of box body plate a (4) and two pieces of box body plate b (5) are installed through screws (2) and nuts (8), and the mating parts are installed with gasket. 7.根据权利要求1所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，箱体板a(4)和箱体板b(5)内部分别设计有水道(17)，箱体板a(4)和箱体板b(5)外侧设计有入水口(7)和出水口(9)。7. The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, a water channel (17) is respectively designed inside the box body plate a (4) and the box body plate b (5). ), a water inlet (7) and a water outlet (9) are designed on the outside of the box plate a (4) and the box plate b (5). 8.根据权利要求7所述的基于变厚度梯度零泊松比结构的电动汽车电池箱，其特征在于，入水口(7)和出水口(9)位于箱体外侧的对角线位置。8 . The electric vehicle battery box based on the variable thickness gradient zero Poisson's ratio structure according to claim 7 , wherein the water inlet ( 7 ) and the water outlet ( 9 ) are located at the diagonal positions outside the box. 9 .
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