CN110657731B - A kind of measuring device and testing method of large bearing external dimension - Google Patents

A kind of measuring device and testing method of large bearing external dimension Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110657731B
CN110657731B CN201910878720.0A CN201910878720A CN110657731B CN 110657731 B CN110657731 B CN 110657731B CN 201910878720 A CN201910878720 A CN 201910878720A CN 110657731 B CN110657731 B CN 110657731B
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bearing
vertical
fixed
motor
bottom plate
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CN110657731A (en
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徐旭松
叶超
朱敏浩
许孟然
曹清林
孙志英
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G01B11/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种检测装置，特别涉及一种大型轴承基本外形尺寸测量装置及测试方法，包括底座，底座包括底板和竖直板，待测轴承一侧端面与竖直板相贴，待测轴承的外圆面与底板相切，底板两侧对称滑动夹爪，夹爪固定有的距离传感器，竖直板上还设有用于夹紧轴承的夹紧机构；底板上沿竖直方向设有竖直导轨，竖直导轨上升降设有用于深入轴承内孔中的测量尺，测量尺包括固定段和在固定段内伸缩的伸缩段，伸缩段的头部对称固定有感测测量尺与轴承内径之间距离的感应头；底座还包括顶板，顶板设有用于测量轴承外径的激光测距传感器，本发明装置结构简单，能够实现现场的测量，能很好满足工业生产需要。

Figure 201910878720

The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a large bearing basic external dimension measuring device and a testing method, comprising a base, the base includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate, one end face of the bearing to be tested is attached to the vertical plate, and the bearing to be tested is attached to the vertical plate. The outer circular surface of the bottom plate is tangent to the bottom plate, the two sides of the bottom plate are symmetrical sliding jaws, the jaws are fixed with distance sensors, and the vertical plate is also provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the bearing; the bottom plate is provided with vertical Straight guide rail, the vertical guide rail is equipped with a measuring ruler for going deep into the inner hole of the bearing. The measuring ruler includes a fixed section and a telescopic section that extends and retracts in the fixed section. The head of the telescopic section is symmetrically fixed with a sensing measuring ruler and the inner diameter of the bearing The base also includes a top plate, and the top plate is provided with a laser ranging sensor for measuring the outer diameter of the bearing. The device of the invention has a simple structure, can realize on-site measurement, and can well meet the needs of industrial production.

Figure 201910878720

Description

Measuring device and testing method for overall dimension of large bearing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a large-scale bearing outline dimension measurement device and a test method.
Background
The basic external dimensions of the bearing refer to the internal diameter, external diameter, width and chamfer dimensions of the bearing. The overall dimension of the bearing influences the transmission precision of the whole mechanical system, so that the overall dimension of the bearing is necessary to be controlled, for a standard bearing, the basic dimension can be conveniently found out through the bearing code, but different mechanical transmission systems are suitable for bearings of different models, not every standard bearing can be applied, and therefore a nonstandard bearing is used for meeting the transmission requirement of the system. For some nonstandard bearings, that is, all bearings with external dimensions different from those specified by national standards, the basic dimensions of the bearings need to be measured by means of detection. For the measurement of the external dimension of the bearing, the measurement method which is only limited to one or two measurement elements at present is basically to measure the internal diameter or the width, the measurement of the external diameter and the chamfer dimension is relatively less, and the measurement of the external dimension uses more traditional measurement modes, thereby not only reducing the efficiency, but also increasing the artificial error, and further influencing the transmission precision of the bearing. For some automatic measuring devices, although the efficiency of the measurement can be better guaranteed, the precision cannot be guaranteed, and meanwhile, the device is complex and expensive, the use cost is high for operators, and the basic quality requirements on the operators are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low bearing measurement efficiency and large error in the prior art, the invention provides a large-scale bearing outline dimension measurement device and a large-scale bearing outline dimension measurement method, which can improve the efficiency and reduce the human error.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a large-scale bearing overall dimension measuring device comprises a base, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate and a vertical plate, one side end face of a bearing to be measured is attached to the vertical plate, the outer circular face of the bearing to be measured is tangent to the bottom plate, clamping jaws close to or far away from the outer circular face of the bearing are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom plate in a sliding mode, a distance sensor used for detecting the distance to the vertical plate is fixed on the end face, facing the vertical plate, of each clamping jaw, and a clamping mechanism used for clamping the bearing is further arranged on the vertical plate;
the bottom plate is provided with a vertical guide rail along the vertical direction, the vertical guide rail is provided with a measuring ruler which is used for extending into an inner hole of the bearing in a lifting mode, the measuring ruler comprises a fixed section and a telescopic section which is telescopic in the fixed section, and the head of the telescopic section is symmetrically fixed with induction heads which are used for inducing the distance between the head of the telescopic section and the inner diameter of the bearing;
the base still include the roof, the roof is equipped with the laser range sensor who is used for measuring the bearing external diameter.
Furthermore, a horizontal guide rail is fixed on the bottom plate, horizontal sliding blocks are arranged on two sides of the horizontal guide rail in a sliding mode, a fixed block is fixed on each horizontal sliding block, and the clamping jaws can be adjustably fixed on the fixed blocks.
Furthermore, the horizontal sliding blocks on the two sides are connected through positive and negative screws, the horizontal sliding blocks are in threaded connection with the positive and negative screws, and the positive and negative screws are connected with a first motor for driving the positive and negative screws to rotate.
Further, bottom plate central authorities be equipped with the track along the axial of bearing, the track on be equipped with and stretch the slip speed reducer, vertical guide rail fix on the slip speed reducer, vertical guide rail on the cooperation have a vertical slider, vertical slider on be fixed with flexible speed reducer, flexible speed reducer side be connected with the third motor that is used for driving its motion, the canned paragraph fix on flexible speed reducer, flexible speed reducer output be connected with the lead screw, flexible section be fixed with lead screw complex nut.
Furthermore, a second motor for driving the vertical sliding block is fixed on the sliding speed reducer.
Further, the clamping mechanism comprises a first jaw and a second jaw which are arranged on the vertical plate.
A test method of the large bearing outline dimension measuring device comprises the following steps:
step 1: before measurement, returning all the measuring devices to an initial position, then placing a bearing on a bottom plate, firstly adjusting the position of a clamping jaw at one end, clamping the clamping jaw at the position of an intersecting line between an outer ring and a chamfer at one end of the bearing, far away from a vertical plate, of the bearing, and enabling the end face of the clamping jaw, back to the vertical plate, to coincide with the intersecting line, then starting a first motor, enabling two clamping jaws to synchronously move in opposite directions, pushing the bearing by the clamping jaw at one end, when the clamping jaw at the other end is touched, indicating that the bearing is located at the center of the bottom plate, closing the first motor, adjusting the tip of the clamping jaw at the other end to align with the intersecting line of an outer diameter chamfer and the bearing, simultaneously ensuring that the end face of the bearing is tightly attached to the vertical face, starting the first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw;
step 2: after the bearing is clamped, the position of the measuring scale and the center of the inner diameter of the bearing is adjusted, the sliding speed reducer is moved to the position closest to the bearing from the initial position, the second motor and the third motor are started, the vertical sliding block starts to move at the moment, the telescopic section of the measuring scale also starts to extend forwards, when the induction head on the telescopic section enters the measuring range of the inner diameter of the bearing, the third motor is stopped, the induction head starts to work at the moment, when the distances measured by the induction heads which are symmetrical at two sides are inconsistent, the position of the vertical sliding block is not moved through the second motor until the distances measured by the two induction heads are the same, the third motor is started again at the moment, the telescopic section is made to stretch out and draw back for a plurality of point positions, whether the distances measured by the two induction heads are the same or not is judged, if not; if the same, the description dipperstick this moment is in with the position of axle center, note this moment inductive head's data be X1, close the second motor, make the position of vertical slider unchangeable, start the third motor, the flexible section of dipperstick stretches out forward again, it has withstood vertical board to no longer stretch out the description dipperstick forward when flexible section, close the third motor this moment, the position of dipperstick has also been immobilized, at this moment can be through the scale of canned paragraph and flexible section coincidence on the dipperstick, the width value X position of the bearing that reads out and awaits measuring is X2.
Meanwhile, the laser ranging sensor starts to work, the distance from the laser ranging sensor to the top of the bearing at the moment can be measured to be X3, and the distance measured by the laser ranging sensor is X when the bearing is not installed; the distance from the intersecting line to the vertical plate is measured by the distance sensor on the clamping jaw to be X4, and according to the data, the final value of the basic overall dimension of the bearing can be obtained:
the length of the induction head is L1, the thickness of the telescopic section of the measuring scale is L2, the thickness of the distance sensor is L3, and the thickness of the clamping jaw is L4.
The outer diameter D of the bearing is X-X3;
bearing width L ═ X2;
the radius size R of the inner diameter of the bearing is X1+ L1+ L2/2;
the size r of the chamfer of the outer diameter of the bearing is X2-X4-L3-L4;
and step 3: and after the bearing measurement is finished, returning all the measuring devices to the initial positions, simultaneously returning the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw to the initial positions, taking out the bearing to be measured, and replacing the next bearing to be measured.
Has the advantages that: compared with most of the existing bearing measuring devices, the device can measure four parameters at one time, so that the efficiency is greatly improved; compared with the traditional manual measurement, the device can realize automation during measurement, and can automatically measure only by aligning the bearing with the center of the bottom plate during measurement, thereby not only reducing human errors, but also improving the efficiency; when the bearing is fixed and aligned, the clamping jaws on two sides of the bearing are started through the first motor, the bearing is pushed by the opposite movement, when the bearing is not moved, the central position is shown, the bearing is clamped by the clamping jaws after the clamping jaws move, and compared with the traditional bearing alignment and fixation, the bearing alignment device is automatic, flexible and convenient; when the inner diameter is measured, the measuring scale needs to be aligned to the center of the bearing, the device controls the sliding block to move up and down by matching the upper induction head and the lower induction head at the front end of the measuring scale with the second motor, when the distances obtained by the two induction heads are the same, the measuring scale is positioned at the middle position, the size of the inner diameter can be calculated, meanwhile, the width of the bearing can be measured, manual adjustment is not needed, the error is reduced, and the precision is improved; the device is suitable for large bearings, improves the measuring range, has simple structure, is popular and easy to understand, has low cost, can realize field measurement, and can well meet the requirements of industrial production.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a large bearing contour dimension measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the large bearing outer dimension measuring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an outer diameter chamfer measuring device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bearing width and inner diameter measurement device;
fig. 5 is a view of the structure of the measuring scale.
Wherein, 1, a first motor, 2, a first screw, 3, a base, 31, a bottom plate, 32, a vertical plate, 4, a second motor, 5, a second screw, 6, a sliding speed reducer, 7, a vertical guide rail, 8, a vertical slide block, 9, a fastening screw, 10, a telescopic speed reducer, 11, a third motor, 12, a third screw, 13, a measuring scale, 13-1, a sensing head, 13-2, a fixing pin, 13-3, a nut, 13-4, a screw rod, 13-5, a fixing section, 13-6, a telescopic section, 14, a bearing, 141, an intersecting line, 15, a first jaw, 16, a laser ranging sensor, 17, a second jaw, 18, a distance sensor, 19, a connecting screw, 20, a clamping jaw, 21, a fixing block, 22, a fixing screw, 23, an adjusting knob, 24, a horizontal slide block, 25, a horizontal guide rail, 26, a positive and negative screw rod, 27. and (5) mounting screws.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the measuring device for the overall dimension of the large bearing comprises a base 3, wherein the base 3 comprises a bottom plate 31 and a vertical plate 32, one side end surface of a bearing 14 to be measured is attached to the vertical plate 32, the outer circular surface of the bearing 14 to be measured is tangent to the bottom plate 31, clamping jaws 20 close to or far away from the outer circular surface of the bearing 14 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom plate 31 in a sliding manner, a distance sensor 18 for detecting the distance from the clamping jaw 20 to the vertical plate 32 is fixed on the end surface of the clamping jaw 20 facing the vertical plate 32, the distance sensor 18 is fixed with the clamping jaw 20 through a connecting screw 19, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the;
a vertical guide rail 7 is arranged on the bottom plate 31 along the vertical direction, a measuring scale 13 used for penetrating into an inner hole of the bearing 14 is arranged on the vertical guide rail 7 in a descending manner, the measuring scale 13 comprises a fixed section 13-5 and an expansion section 13-6 which expands and contracts in the fixed section 13-5, the head of the expansion section 13-6 is symmetrically fixed with an induction head 13-1, and the induction head 13-1 is used for inducing the distance between the induction head and the inner diameter of the bearing 14;
the base 3 further comprises a top plate, and the top plate is provided with a laser ranging sensor 16 for measuring the outer diameter of the bearing 14.
The horizontal guide rail 25 is fixed on the bottom plate 31, the horizontal guide rail 25 is fixed on the bottom plate 31 through the mounting screw 27, horizontal sliders 24 are arranged on two sides of the horizontal guide rail 25 in a sliding mode, fixing blocks 21 are fixed on the horizontal sliders 24, the fixing blocks 21 are fixed on the horizontal sliders 24 through fixing screws 22, the clamping jaws 20 can be adjustably fixed on the fixing blocks 21, and particularly, the clamping jaws 20 can slide in the axial direction and the vertical direction of the bearing 14 relative to the fixing blocks 21, so that intersecting lines 141 of end faces and chamfers of bearings 14 of different models can be found accurately, and fastening is carried out through the adjusting knobs 23.
The horizontal sliding blocks 24 on the two sides are connected through the positive and negative screw rods 26, the horizontal sliding blocks 24 are in threaded connection with the positive and negative screw rods 13-4, and the positive and negative screw rods 26 are connected with a first motor 1 for driving the first motor 1 to rotate, and the first motor 1 is fixed on the base 3 through a first screw 2.
The central portion of the bottom plate 31 is provided with a track along the axial direction of the bearing 14, the track is provided with a telescopic speed reducer 10, a vertical guide rail 7 is fixed on the telescopic speed reducer 10, a vertical sliding block 8 is matched on the vertical guide rail 7, the telescopic speed reducer 10 is fixed on the vertical sliding block 8, the telescopic speed reducer 10 is fixed on the telescopic speed reducer 10 through a fastening screw 9, the side surface of the telescopic speed reducer 10 is connected with a third motor 11 for driving the telescopic speed reducer to move, the third motor 11 is fixed on the telescopic speed reducer 10 through a third screw 12, a fixed section 13-5 is fixed on the telescopic speed reducer 10, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with a lead screw, a nut 13-3 matched with the lead screw is fixed on the telescopic section 13-6, and the nut.
A second motor 4 for driving the vertical sliding block 8 is fixed on the sliding speed reducer 6, and the second motor 4 is fixed on the sliding speed reducer 6 through a second screw 5.
The clamping mechanism comprises a first jaw 15 and a second jaw 17 mounted on a vertical plate 32.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a large-scale bearing overall dimension measuring device comprises a base 3, a bearing outer diameter measuring device, a bearing width measuring device, an outer diameter chamfer measuring device and an inner diameter measuring device.
A groove is formed in the middle of the bottom plate 31, a feeding mechanism consisting of a guide rail and a positive and negative screw rod 26 is arranged in the groove, and a motor shaft groove and a screw hole are formed in the side surface of the groove, so that a first motor 1 and a first screw 2 can be conveniently installed; a sliding groove is formed in the central axis of the bottom plate 31 and is aligned with the central position of the plate, and the central position of the alignment bearing 14 can be adjusted only by moving up and down in cooperation with the third motor 11 and the vertical sliding block 8 during measurement; in addition, the vertical plate 32 is also provided with two lead screw grooves, and lead screws are arranged in the grooves to control the first clamping jaw 15 and the second clamping jaw 17 to clamp the bearing 14; the base 3 further comprises a top plate, the upper part of which is provided with a screw groove for fixing the laser ranging sensor 16, and the position of the laser ranging sensor 16 is in the center.
The bearing outer diameter measuring device is a laser ranging sensor 16 which is arranged on a top plate of the base 3, and the size of the outer diameter of the bearing 14 can be obtained through the difference of laser distances.
The bearing width measuring device and the inner diameter measuring device are connected together, the measurement is carried out simultaneously, a sliding speed reducer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the device, the sliding speed reducer is matched with a sliding chute of a bottom plate 31 and can slide back and forth in the sliding chute, and a second motor 4 is arranged on the side surface of the sliding speed reducer 6; a vertical guide rail 7 is fixed above the sliding speed reducer 6, a guide rail sliding block 8 is arranged on the vertical guide rail 7 at the same time, and the guide rail sliding block 8 can freely slide on the vertical guide rail 7 under the action of the second motor 4; a telescopic speed reducer 10 is fixed on the guide rail sliding block 8 through a fastening screw 9, and a third motor 11 is installed on the side surface of the telescopic speed reducer 10 and is fixed by a third screw 12; a two-section measuring scale 13 is fixed on the front surface of the telescopic speed reducer 10, the measuring scale 13 is driven by a motor 11, the inner telescopic section 13-6 can perform telescopic motion, and when the inner telescopic section 13-6 abuts against a vertical plate 32, the width of the bearing 14 can be conveniently read.
The measuring scale 13 is fixed at a fixed section 13-5, a telescopic section 13-6 can be driven to stretch by a third motor 11, a screw rod 13-4 is arranged in the fixed section 13-5, the screw rod 13-4 is matched with a nut 13-3 to realize feeding motion, a small hole is formed at one end of the telescopic section 13-6, a small hole is also formed in the nut 13-3, and the small hole and the nut 13-3 are connected through a fixing pin 13-2; the other end of the telescopic section 13-6 is provided with small holes at the upper and lower parts, and an induction head 13-1 is arranged in the holes and used for inducing the distance of an inner ring of the bearing 14, namely the inner diameter of the bearing.
The outer diameter chamfer dimension measuring device is fixed on the bottom plate 31, and is composed of a clamping jaw 20, a fixed block 21, a horizontal guide rail 25, a horizontal sliding block 24, a distance sensor 18 and a positive and negative lead screw 26 at two sides of a bearing 14, wherein the clamping jaw 20 can slide up and down and back and forth on the fixed block 21 through an adjusting knob 23, and can be fixed in position through the adjusting knob 23 after being adjusted to a proper position, and the clamping jaw 20 can be replaced regularly for long-time use of the clamping jaw 20, so that the measuring process is smoother; a distance sensor 18 is arranged on the claw at the upper part of the clamping jaw 20 and used for measuring the distance between the claw and a flat plate, and the distance sensor 18 is fixed with the clamping jaw 20 through a connecting screw 19; the fixed block 21 is arranged on a horizontal sliding block 24 through a fixed screw 22, and the clamping jaw 20 can slide up and down and back and forth on a boss extending out of the front part of the fixed block 21; the horizontal sliding block 24 is driven by the first motor 1, the positive and negative lead screws 26 are mounted on the horizontal sliding block 24, the thread turning directions of the two ends of the positive and negative lead screws 26 are opposite, no thread is arranged in the middle, and the horizontal sliding blocks 24 at the two ends of the lead screws can move oppositely and are synchronous; the horizontal guide rail 25 is fixed to the bottom plate 31 by mounting screws 27.
The device is only limited to large bearings, the large bearings refer to bearings with the nominal outer diameter size range of 200-430mm, the bearings are too small and can not be fixed, the measuring progress is affected, and the clamping jaws cannot measure outer diameter chamfers of the small bearings, so that the device is only limited to the measurement of the large bearings.
A test method of a large bearing outline dimension measuring device comprises the following steps:
step 1: before measurement, all the measuring devices are returned to the initial position, namely the range far away from the bearing 14 to be measured, whether the devices have problems is checked, after no error is confirmed, the bearing 14 is placed on the bottom plate 31, the position of the clamping jaw 20 at one end is adjusted, the clamping jaw 20 is clamped at the position of a intersecting line 141 of an outer ring and a chamfer at one end, far away from the vertical plate 32, of the bearing 14, the end face, back to the vertical plate 32, of the clamping jaw 20 is overlapped with the intersecting line 141, then the first motor 1 is started, the two clamping jaws 20 start to synchronously move in the opposite direction, the clamping jaw 20 at one end pushes the bearing 14 to move, when the clamping jaw 20 at the other end is touched, the bearing 14 is positioned at the center of the bottom plate 31, the first motor 1 is turned off, the tip of the clamping jaw 20 at the other end is adjusted to be aligned with the intersecting line 141 of the outer diameter chamfer and the bearing 14, the end face of the bearing 14 is ensured to be tightly attached to, clamping the bearing 14;
step 2: after the bearing 14 is clamped, the position of the measuring scale 13 and the inner diameter center of the bearing 14 is adjusted, the sliding speed reducer 6 is moved from the initial position (namely, the position far away from the bearing 14 to be measured) to the position nearest to the bearing 14, the second motor 4 and the third motor 11 are started, the vertical slide block 8 starts to move at the moment, the telescopic section 13-6 of the measuring scale 13 also starts to extend forwards, when the induction head 13-1 on the telescopic section 13-6 enters the inner diameter measuring range of the bearing 14, the third motor 11 is stopped, the induction head 13-1 starts to work at the moment, when the distances measured by the induction heads 13-1 which are symmetrical at two sides are inconsistent, the position of the vertical slide block 8 is not stopped to be moved by the second motor 4 until the distances measured by the two induction heads 13-1 are the same, the third motor 11 is restarted at the moment, and the telescopic section 13-6 is made to, if the distance measured by the two induction heads 13-1 is the same, the vertical sliding block 8 is readjusted until the distance is the same; if the same is true, indicating that the measuring rule 13 is already at the position coaxial with the bearing 14, the data of the sensor head 13-1 at this time is recorded as X1. And (3) closing the second motor 4 to enable the position of the vertical sliding block 8 to be unchanged, starting the third motor 11, enabling the telescopic section 13-6 of the measuring scale 13 to extend forwards again, and when the telescopic section 13-6 does not extend forwards any more to indicate that the measuring scale 13 props against the vertical plate 32, closing the third motor 11, fixing the position of the measuring scale 13, and reading the position X of the width value of the bearing 14 to be measured to be X2 through the overlapped scales of the fixed section 13-5 and the telescopic section 13-6 on the measuring scale 13.
Meanwhile, the laser ranging sensor 16 starts to work, and the distance from the laser ranging sensor 16 to the top of the bearing 14 at the moment can be measured to be X3, and when the bearing 14 is not installed, the distance measured by the laser ranging sensor 16 is X; the distance from the vertical plate 32 at the intersection line 141 at this time is measured by the distance sensor 18 on the clamping jaw 20 as X4, and from the above data, the final value of the basic outer dimensions of the bearing 14 can be obtained:
the length of the induction head 13-1 is L1, the thickness of the telescopic section 13-6 of the measuring scale 13 is L2, the thickness of the distance sensor 18 is L3, and the thickness of the clamping jaw 20 is L4.
The outer diameter D of the bearing 14 is X-X3;
bearing 14 width L ═ X2;
the radius size R of the inner diameter of the bearing 14 is X1+ L1+ L2/2;
the outer diameter chamfer dimension r of the bearing 14 is X2-X4-L3-L4;
and step 3: after the bearing 14 is measured, all the measuring devices are returned to the initial position, and simultaneously, the first clamping jaw 15 and the second clamping jaw 17 are also returned to the initial position, the bearing 14 to be measured is taken out, and the next bearing 14 to be measured is replaced.
It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obvious variations or modifications which are within the spirit of the invention are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置，其特征在于:1. a large bearing dimension measuring device, is characterized in that: 包括底座（3），所述的底座（3）包括底板（31）和竖直板（32），待测轴承（14）一侧端面与竖直板（32）相贴，待测轴承（14）的外圆面与底板（31）相切，所述的底板（31）两侧对称滑动设有靠近或远离轴承（14）外圆面的夹爪（20），夹爪（20）面向竖直板（32）的端面固定有距离传感器（18），距离传感器（18）用于检测其自身至竖直板（32）的距离，所述的竖直板（32）上还设有用于夹紧轴承（14）的夹紧机构；It comprises a base (3), the base (3) includes a bottom plate (31) and a vertical plate (32), one end face of the bearing to be tested (14) is attached to the vertical plate (32), and the bearing to be tested (14) ) is tangent to the bottom plate (31), and the two sides of the bottom plate (31) are symmetrically provided with clamping jaws (20) that are close to or away from the outer circular surface of the bearing (14), and the clamping jaws (20) face vertical A distance sensor (18) is fixed on the end surface of the straight plate (32), and the distance sensor (18) is used to detect the distance between itself and the vertical plate (32), and the vertical plate (32) is also provided with a clamp for clamping The clamping mechanism of the tight bearing (14); 所述的底板（31）上沿竖直方向设有竖直导轨（7），所述的竖直导轨（7）上设有沿竖直导轨（7）升降的且用于深入轴承（14）内孔中的测量尺（13），所述的测量尺（13）包括固定段（13-5）和在固定段（13-5）内伸缩的伸缩段（13-6），所述的伸缩段（13-6）的头部对称固定有感应头（13-1），感应头（13-1）用于感应其头部至轴承（14）内径之间的距离；The bottom plate (31) is provided with vertical guide rails (7) along the vertical direction, and the vertical guide rails (7) are provided with vertical guide rails (7) that are raised and lowered along the vertical guide rails (7) and used to penetrate into the bearing (14) A measuring ruler (13) in the inner hole, the measuring ruler (13) includes a fixed section (13-5) and a telescopic section (13-6) telescopic in the fixed section (13-5). A sensing head (13-1) is symmetrically fixed on the head of the segment (13-6), and the sensing head (13-1) is used for sensing the distance between the head and the inner diameter of the bearing (14); 所述的底座（3）还包括顶板，顶板设有用于测量轴承（14）外径的激光测距传感器（16）；The base (3) further comprises a top plate, and the top plate is provided with a laser ranging sensor (16) for measuring the outer diameter of the bearing (14); 所述的底板（31）中央沿轴承（14）的轴向设有轨道，所述的轨道上设有滑动减速机（6），所述的竖直导轨（7）固定在滑动减速机（6）上，所述的竖直导轨（7）上配合有竖直滑块（8），所述的竖直滑块（8）上固定有伸缩减速机（10），所述的伸缩减速机（10）侧面连接有用于驱动其运动的第三电机（11），所述的固定段（13-5）固定在伸缩减速机（10）上，所述的伸缩减速机（10）输出端连接有丝杠，所述的伸缩段（13-6）固定有与丝杠配合的螺母（13-3）。The center of the bottom plate (31) is provided with a rail along the axial direction of the bearing (14), the rail is provided with a sliding reducer (6), and the vertical guide rail (7) is fixed on the sliding reducer (6). ), a vertical slider (8) is fitted on the vertical guide rail (7), a telescopic reducer (10) is fixed on the vertical slider (8), and the telescopic reducer ( 10) The side is connected with a third motor (11) for driving its movement, the fixed section (13-5) is fixed on the telescopic reducer (10), and the output end of the telescopic reducer (10) is connected with a A lead screw, the telescopic section (13-6) is fixed with a nut (13-3) matched with the lead screw. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置，其特征在于：所述的底板（31）上固定有水平导轨（25），所述的水平导轨（25）两侧滑动设有水平滑块（24），所述的水平滑块（24）上固定有固定块（21），所述的夹爪（20）可调整固定在固定块（21）上。2. A large bearing external dimension measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a horizontal guide rail (25) is fixed on the bottom plate (31), and two sides of the horizontal guide rail (25) are slidably arranged. There is a horizontal sliding block (24), a fixing block (21) is fixed on the horizontal sliding block (24), and the clamping jaw (20) can be adjusted and fixed on the fixing block (21). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置，其特征在于：两侧的水平滑块（24）通过正反丝杠（26）连接，且水平滑块（24）与正反丝杆（13-4）螺纹连接，所述的正反丝杠（26）连接有驱动其转动的第一电机（1）。3. A large bearing external dimension measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the horizontal sliders (24) on both sides are connected by the positive and negative screw (26), and the horizontal slider (24) is connected to the positive and negative screws (26). The reverse screw (13-4) is threadedly connected, and the forward and reverse screw (26) is connected with a first motor (1) that drives the rotation of the screw. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置，其特征在于：所述的滑动减速机（6）上固定有用于驱动竖直滑块（8）的第二电机（4）。4. A large bearing external dimension measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a second motor (4) for driving the vertical slider (8) is fixed on the sliding reducer (6). . 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置，其特征在于：所述的夹紧机构包括安装在竖直板（32）上的第一卡爪（15）和第二卡爪（17）。5. A large bearing outer dimension measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping claw (15) and a second clamping mechanism installed on the vertical plate (32). Claw (17). 6.一种如权利要求1~5任一项所述的大型轴承外形尺寸测量装置的测试方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：6. A test method of the large-scale bearing external dimension measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: comprising the following steps: 步骤1：测量前，将所有测量装置都退回初始位置，然后将轴承（14）放在底板（31）上，先调整一端夹爪（20）的位置，所述的夹爪（20）夹在轴承（14）远离竖直板（32）一端的外圈与倒角的相贯线（141）处，且夹爪（20）背向竖直板（32）的端面与相贯线（141）重合，然后启动第一电机（1），两夹爪（20）开始同步相向运动，一端夹爪（20）推动轴承（14）运动，当触碰到另一端夹爪（20）时，说明轴承（14）已处于底板（31）中心的位置，第一电机（1）关闭，此时调整另一端夹爪（20）顶尖对准外径倒角与轴承（14）的相贯线（141），同时保证轴承（14）端面与竖直面贴紧，启动第一卡爪（15）和第二卡爪（17），第一卡爪（15）和第二卡爪（17）开始同步运动，将轴承（14）夹紧；Step 1: Before measuring, return all measuring devices to their original positions, then place the bearing (14) on the bottom plate (31), and adjust the position of one end of the gripper (20), which is clamped in the The intersection line (141) between the outer ring of the bearing (14) and the chamfer at one end of the bearing (14) away from the vertical plate (32), and the end face of the clamping jaw (20) facing away from the vertical plate (32) and the intersection line (141) Coincidence, then start the first motor (1), the two jaws (20) start to move synchronously towards each other, one jaw (20) pushes the bearing (14) to move, when it touches the other jaw (20), it means the bearing (14) It is in the center of the bottom plate (31), and the first motor (1) is turned off. At this time, adjust the top of the other end of the clamping jaw (20) to align the intersection line (141) between the outer diameter chamfer and the bearing (14). , and at the same time ensure that the end face of the bearing (14) is in close contact with the vertical surface, start the first jaw (15) and the second jaw (17), and the first jaw (15) and the second jaw (17) start to move synchronously , clamp the bearing (14); 步骤2：轴承（14）被夹紧之后，开始调整测量尺（13）与轴承（14）内径中心的位置，先将滑动减速机（6）从初始位置处移动到离轴承（14）最近的位置，启动第二电机（4）和第三电机（11），此时竖直滑块（8）开始运动，而测量尺（13）的伸缩段（13-6）也开始向前伸出，当伸缩段（13-6）上的感应头（13-1）进入轴承（14）内径测量范围时，停止第三电机（11），此时感应头（13-1）开始工作，两侧对称的感应头（13-1）测得的距离不一致时，不停通过第二电机（4）移动竖直滑块（8）位置，直到两个感应头（13-1）测得的距离一样，此时再次启动第三电机（11），让伸缩段（13-6）伸缩多取几个点位置，看两个感应头（13-1）所测得距离是否还是一模一样，如不一样，重新调整竖直滑块（8），直到一样为止；如果一样，说明此时测量尺（13）已经处于和轴承（14）同轴心的位置，记录下此时感应头（13-1）的数据为X1，关闭第二电机（4），使得竖直滑块（8）的位置不变，启动第三电机（11），测量尺（13）的伸缩段（13-6）再次向前伸出，当伸缩段（13-6）不再向前伸出说明测量尺（13）已经顶住了竖直板（32），此时关闭第三电机（11），测量尺（13）的位置也固定不动了，这时可以通过测量尺（13）上固定段（13-5）与伸缩段（13-6）重合的刻度，读出待测轴承（14）的宽度值X位置为X2；Step 2: After the bearing (14) is clamped, start to adjust the position of the measuring ruler (13) and the center of the inner diameter of the bearing (14), first move the sliding reducer (6) from the initial position to the position closest to the bearing (14). position, start the second motor (4) and the third motor (11), at this time the vertical slider (8) starts to move, and the telescopic section (13-6) of the measuring ruler (13) also starts to stretch forward, When the induction head (13-1) on the telescopic section (13-6) enters the inner diameter measurement range of the bearing (14), stop the third motor (11), and the induction head (13-1) starts to work at this time, and the two sides are symmetrical When the distances measured by the sensor heads (13-1) are inconsistent, the second motor (4) keeps moving the vertical slider (8) until the distances measured by the two sensor heads (13-1) are the same. At this time, start the third motor (11) again, and let the telescopic section (13-6) expand and contract to take a few more points to see if the distances measured by the two sensing heads (13-1) are still exactly the same. Adjust the vertical slider (8) until it is the same; if it is the same, it means that the measuring ruler (13) is at the coaxial position with the bearing (14) at this time, and record the data of the sensing head (13-1) at this time For X1, turn off the second motor (4) so that the position of the vertical slider (8) remains unchanged, start the third motor (11), and the telescopic section (13-6) of the measuring ruler (13) extends forward again , when the telescopic section (13-6) no longer extends forward, it means that the measuring ruler (13) has withstood the vertical plate (32), then the third motor (11) is turned off, and the position of the measuring ruler (13) is also If it is fixed, at this time, the width value X of the bearing (14) to be measured can be read out through the scale on the measuring ruler (13) where the fixed section (13-5) and the telescopic section (13-6) coincide, and the X position is X2; 与此同时，激光测距传感器（16）开始工作，可以测出此时激光测距传感器（16）至轴承（14）顶部的距离为X3，轴承（14）未安装时，激光测距传感器（16）所测得的距离为X；在夹爪（20）上的距离传感器（18）测出此时相贯线（141）处距离竖直板（32）的距离为X4，根据以上数据，便可得出轴承（14）外形尺寸的最终数值：At the same time, the laser ranging sensor (16) starts to work, and it can be determined that the distance from the laser ranging sensor (16) to the top of the bearing (14) is X3. When the bearing (14) is not installed, the laser ranging sensor ( 16) The measured distance is X; the distance sensor (18) on the clamping jaw (20) measures the distance between the intersecting line (141) and the vertical plate (32) as X4. According to the above data, The final values for the outer dimensions of the bearing (14) are obtained: 感应头（13-1）的长度为L1，测量尺（13）伸缩段（13-6）厚度为L2，距离传感器（18）的厚度为L3，夹爪（20）的厚度为L4；The length of the sensing head (13-1) is L1, the thickness of the telescopic section (13-6) of the measuring ruler (13) is L2, the thickness of the distance sensor (18) is L3, and the thickness of the gripper (20) is L4; 轴承（14）外径尺寸D=X-X3；Bearing (14) outer diameter dimension D=X-X3; 轴承（14）宽度L=X2；Bearing (14) width L=X2; 轴承（14）内径半径尺寸R=X1+L1+L2/2；Bearing (14) inner diameter radius size R=X1+L1+L2/2; 轴承（14）外径倒角尺寸r=X2-X4-L3-L4；Bearing (14) outer diameter chamfer size r=X2-X4-L3-L4; 步骤3：当轴承（14）测量完毕之后，将所有测量装置退回初始位置，同时第一卡爪（15）和第二卡爪（17）也回到初始位置，取出待测轴承（14），换下一个待测轴承（14）。Step 3: After the bearing (14) is measured, return all the measuring devices to the initial position, and at the same time the first jaw (15) and the second jaw (17) also return to the initial position, take out the bearing (14) to be measured, Replace with the next bearing to be tested (14).
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