CN110649731A - 柱式无铁芯电机 - Google Patents

柱式无铁芯电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110649731A
CN110649731A CN201911026468.7A CN201911026468A CN110649731A CN 110649731 A CN110649731 A CN 110649731A CN 201911026468 A CN201911026468 A CN 201911026468A CN 110649731 A CN110649731 A CN 110649731A
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Prior art keywords
rotor
motor
stator
shell
heat dissipation
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Inventor
刘加平
冯超
蒋爱国
王磊磊
王倩
朱凯凯
孙汀
庄会浩
姜文富
黄进光
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Shandong Huasheng Pesticide Machinery Co Ltd
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Shandong Huasheng Pesticide Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911026468.7A priority Critical patent/CN110649731A/zh
Publication of CN110649731A publication Critical patent/CN110649731A/zh
Priority to US17/002,593 priority patent/US11509195B2/en
Priority to EP20193042.7A priority patent/EP3813232B1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/46Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/47Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2726Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of a single magnet or two or more axially juxtaposed single magnets
    • H02K1/2733Annular magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种柱式无铁芯电机。该新型电机包括定子、转子、电机外壳,所设计的转子为U型环槽的柱式结构,定子放置在转子的U型环状磁场内,定子为用热固性材料经压力设备将采用多股并线、齿形圆周连续绕法、三相叠加的线圈固化在内部而成,无铁损,热损耗小,效率高。且转子上设置有散热风扇,风扇将线圈产生的热量经电机外壳的散热风道排出电机,有效地保证了电机的散热效果。

Description

柱式无铁芯电机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种柱式无铁芯电机,该种电机为无铁芯的外转子电机,不但结构简单、效率高,而且线圈发热极低,无铁损,热损耗小。一举改变了相同体积电机的功率小,重量大、续航时间短、可靠性差的问题。特别适合作为现代园林机械和小型电动工具方面的动力配套。本发明的柱式无铁芯电机,以其噪声小、动力强、机身轻巧、质量稳定、坚固耐用的优点,将推动该领域配套动力的创新发展。
背景技术
传统的有刷电机和无刷电机,均采用硅钢片加线圈绕组组成,存在重量和体形较大的缺点,特别是硅钢片的存在,会产生较大的铁损和铜损,通电后产生的涡流也会产生能量损耗,这些缺点大大限制了电机效率和续航时间的提升。现有的类似电机因不具备相应的散热系统,使得电机的热量不能得到及时排出而影响到电机的可靠性和电机效率,并且装配工序和装配要求都比较高,另外还需专门做转子的动平衡。因受到条件的限制,总体性能上很难有较大的突破。因此急需推出一款效率高且安装便捷、简单可靠、模块化装配模式的电机来满足现在人们的需求,以降低劳动负荷,提高生产效率。
随着锂电池的不断发展,电动工具也逐步走进了人们的生活,在欧美发达国家和地区,各种不同用途的电动工具,已经成为每个家庭的必备工具。电机作为电动产品的核心,其在发展中的地位不言而喻,因此高效、节能的电机技术将成为电动产品提升的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高效、节能的柱式无铁芯电机。
本发明的技术方案如下:一种柱式无铁芯电机,主体由电机外壳、转子、定子组成。将其转子制作成为带U型环槽的柱式结构,转子材料使用高强度铁质材料加工而成,有效的保证了电机的转动惯量。在U型环槽的内部侧面均布若干对永磁体,为防止高速旋转的离心力使永磁体脱落,设置了上端盖和下端风扇的卡箍式结构,通过过盈配合将成对的永磁体紧固在芯轴上;在U型结构的内侧面通过下端散热风扇的环状凸台来定位,保证了永磁体安装的一致性。
在外壳结构中巧妙的设置了散热风道,将电机线圈产生的热量经风扇的作用有效地从散热风道排出,且外壳结构为铝合金材料,不但降低了电机的重量,而且保证了电机的散热效果。
定子为用热固性材料经压力设备将采用多股并线、三相叠加、齿形圆周连续绕法的线圈固化在内部而成的。整个定子靠上部的圆形法兰面定位,使线圈部位均匀分布在U型结构转子的环形磁场中。
本发明与现有的电机技术有如下优点:转子为芯轴、散热风扇和转子外壳围成的U型环槽的柱式结构,便于准确的定位并安装定子;外转子电机,转动惯量大;定子中线圈采用多股并线、三相叠加、齿形圆周连续绕法,使绕线更方便、可靠;定子用热固性材料经压力设备将线圈固化在内部而成,无额外介质、无铁损、热损失更少,性能可靠;电机外壳内侧设置有叶片式散热风道,能有效保证散热效果,最大限度的发挥电机的效率;安装定位准确可靠,无需做动平衡。
附图说明
图1 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机结构示意图
图2 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机安装示意图
图3 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机转子结构示意图
图4 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机芯轴装配结构示意图
图5 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机定子结构示意图
图6 是本发明柱式无铁芯电机外壳轴测图
附图中序号说明:1、电机外壳;2、轴承;3、转子;4、定子;5、上压盖;6、螺钉;7、散热风扇;8、内侧永磁体;9、卡套;10、芯轴;11、转子外壳;12、外侧永磁体;13、线圈;14、热固性材料。
具体实施方式
如图1、2所示的电机整机结构,在转子3的芯轴10两端各压装轴承2,将两端压装轴承的转子3按图2所示的方向安装到电机外壳1上,然后将定子4放置到转子3的U型环槽中,将上压盖5按照图2所示的方向放置在定子4的上方,最后用螺钉6将上压盖5和定子4固定在电机外壳1上。
如图3所示转子3结构,在芯轴10、散热风扇7和转子外壳11组成的U型内腔两侧面贴装永磁体而成。转子内层结构按图4所示,内侧永磁体8按N、S极交替排列的方式贴装在芯轴10上,将散热风扇7与卡套9压装到芯轴10两端,使散热风扇7与卡套9的环形卡槽卡到内侧永磁体8的凹槽中,共同将内侧永磁体8锁固在芯轴10上。外侧永磁体12按N、S极交替排列的方式用粘合剂均匀粘贴在转子外壳11的内侧面,形成转子的外侧部分,将转子的外侧部分压装到散热风扇7上,形成一体的转子3。
如图5所示定子4结构,为外围采用特殊的热固性材料14,经灌注加温加压成型制作而成,内部线圈13为使用外涂特殊材料的漆包线借助专用成型工装绕制而成,漆包线采用多股并线、三相叠加、齿形圆周连续绕法盘绕在成型工装上。
本发明所述的一种柱式无铁芯电机依靠如图6所示的电机外壳1外端面上的光孔用螺栓固定在所需的设备上,将电机的动力传递到设备上完成配套使用。
本发明所述的一种柱式无铁芯电机,是靠锂电池或恒压直流电源供电,通过控制器调节电流,电流经过具有固定磁通量的环状闭合线圈13,驱动转子3旋转,由中间芯轴10将动力输出到所使用的设备。最终完成由电能到动能的转换。

Claims (4)

1.一种柱式无铁芯电机,主体包括电机外壳(1)、转子(3)、定子(4),其结构为:转子(3)通过电机外壳(1)和上压盖(5)的轴承(2)支撑,定子(4)放置在转子(3)的U型环状磁场内,通过上压盖(5)和电机外壳(1)定位后用螺钉(6)固定,
其特征在于:所述转子(3)为芯轴(10)、散热风扇(7)和转子外壳(11)围成的U型环槽的柱式结构;转子(3)端面设置有镶嵌在转子外壳(11)上的散热风扇(7);所述电机外壳(1)内侧设置有叶片式散热风道。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种柱式无铁芯电机,其特征在于:散热风扇(7)和电机外壳(1)上的散热风道形成一个散热系统,
原理为:散热风扇(7)将线圈(13)产生的热量,吹到电机外壳(1)的散热导流叶片上,经过由叶片形成的风道从另一端流出,起到定向散热的作用,
定向散热气流还可以进一步来对控制器进行有效散热。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的一种柱式无铁芯电机,其特征在于:转子(3)包含芯轴(10)、散热风扇(7)、卡套(9)、永磁体(8)、(12)六部分,内侧永磁体(8)紧贴芯轴(10)外缘,外侧永磁体(12)固定在转子外壳(11)的内侧面。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的一种柱式无铁芯电机,其特征在于:定子(4)为用热固性材料(14)经压力设备将采用多股并线、三相叠加、齿形圆周连续绕法的线圈(13)固化在内部而成。
CN201911026468.7A 2019-10-26 2019-10-26 柱式无铁芯电机 Pending CN110649731A (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911026468.7A CN110649731A (zh) 2019-10-26 2019-10-26 柱式无铁芯电机
US17/002,593 US11509195B2 (en) 2019-10-26 2020-08-25 Column type coreless motor
EP20193042.7A EP3813232B1 (en) 2019-10-26 2020-08-27 Column type coreless motor

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CN120915049A (zh) * 2025-10-13 2025-11-07 洛阳精耕拓科技有限公司 一种高稳定性永磁体磁力电动机

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EP3813232A1 (en) 2021-04-28
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US11509195B2 (en) 2022-11-22
US20210126510A1 (en) 2021-04-29

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