CN110645583A - Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents

Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas Download PDF

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CN110645583A
CN110645583A CN201911074434.5A CN201911074434A CN110645583A CN 110645583 A CN110645583 A CN 110645583A CN 201911074434 A CN201911074434 A CN 201911074434A CN 110645583 A CN110645583 A CN 110645583A
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flue gas
tower
hazardous waste
waste incineration
ultra
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葛亚军
戴小东
曹占强
刘明达
宗宇坤
张建灿
张文新
左根亮
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Beijing First Creation Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统及方法，属于烟气处理技术领域，包括依次串接的余热锅炉、急冷塔、活性炭储存输送装置、干式脱酸塔、第一袋式除尘器、酸洗塔、中和反应塔、第二袋式除尘器和SCR触媒塔，所述余热锅炉的热媒进口作为危险废物焚烧烟气的进口，SCR触媒塔的出口端连接烟囱，所述余热锅炉的第一回程内设置脱氮装置，采用非催化法还原法降低烟气中的NOx组分的浓度，所述中和反应塔、第二袋式除尘之间还设有烟气换热器，所述干式脱酸塔的入口处设有文丘里加速管，本发明既可达到较高的烟气净化效率，又对颗粒物、酸性、二噁英及重金属等组分进行有效净化，保证优于国家的排放标准，投资和运行费用低，流程简单。

Figure 201911074434

The invention relates to a system and method for ultra-clean emission of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, belonging to the technical field of flue gas treatment. Type dust collector, pickling tower, neutralization reaction tower, second bag filter and SCR catalyst tower, the heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as the inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected to the chimney, A denitrification device is installed in the first return pass of the waste heat boiler, and a non-catalytic reduction method is used to reduce the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas. Flue gas is also provided between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag filter. Heat exchanger, a venturi accelerator tube is arranged at the entrance of the dry deacidification tower, the present invention can not only achieve higher flue gas purification efficiency, but also effectively remove particulate matter, acidity, dioxins and heavy metals and other components. Purification, guaranteed to be better than national emission standards, low investment and operating costs, and simple process.

Figure 201911074434

Description

一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统及方法A system and method for ultra-clean emission of hazardous waste incineration flue gas

技术领域technical field

本发明属于烟气处理技术领域，具体地说涉及一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净 排放处理系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and in particular relates to a system and method for ultra-clean emission of hazardous waste incineration flue gas.

背景技术Background technique

《危险废物焚烧污染控制标准》(GB18484-2001)为现行的危险废物焚烧 污染控制标准，其对主要大气污染物的的控制指标包括：烟尘的排放浓度控制 在65mg/m3；NOx的排放浓度100mg/m3；SO2的排放浓度50mg/m3；在这种标准 要求下，采用通用的“急冷塔+布袋除尘器+两级湿洗”的烟气净化工艺基本就 可以实现上述标准要求。"Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" (GB18484-2001) is the current hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard, and its control indicators for major air pollutants include: the emission concentration of smoke and dust is controlled at 65mg/m 3 ; the emission concentration of NOx 100mg/m 3 ; SO 2 emission concentration 50mg/m 3 ; Under this standard requirement, the general flue gas purification process of "quenching tower + bag filter + two-stage wet cleaning" can basically achieve the above standard requirements .

当前，中国大气污染形势严峻，以可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、细颗粒物(PM2.5) 为特征污染物的区域性大气环境问题日益突出，损害人民群众身体健康，影响 社会和谐稳定。随着中国工业化、城镇化的深入推进，能源资源消耗持续增加， 大气污染防治压力继续加大。京津冀、长三角、珠三角等区域要于2015年底前基 本完成燃煤电厂、燃煤锅炉和工业窑炉的污染治理设施建设与改造，完成石化 企业有机废气综合治理。基于上述原因，各相关省市纷纷出台了更加严格的大 气污染物排放控制标准，地方标准要求的大气主要污染物控制指标：烟尘的排 放浓度控制在10mg/m3；NOx的排放浓度500mg/m3；SO2的排放浓度200mg/m3； 二噁英类污染物类污染物排放浓度可以控制在0.5ng/Nm3以下。在此条件下，传 统的危险废物处理工艺系统已经落伍，完全不能达到上述污染控制排放标准的 要求，需要烟气净化工艺系统的改进和提高。At present, China's air pollution situation is severe, and regional atmospheric environmental problems characterized by inhalable particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are increasingly prominent, which damages people's health and affects social harmony and stability. With the deepening of China's industrialization and urbanization, the consumption of energy and resources continues to increase, and the pressure on air pollution prevention and control continues to increase. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other regions should basically complete the construction and renovation of pollution control facilities for coal-fired power plants, coal-fired boilers and industrial kilns by the end of 2015, and complete the comprehensive treatment of organic waste gas from petrochemical enterprises. Based on the above reasons, all relevant provinces and cities have issued stricter air pollutant emission control standards. The main air pollutant control indicators required by local standards: the emission concentration of soot is controlled at 10mg/m 3 ; the emission concentration of NOx is 500mg/m 3 ; The discharge concentration of SO 2 is 200mg/m 3 ; The discharge concentration of dioxin pollutants can be controlled below 0.5ng/Nm 3 . Under these conditions, the traditional hazardous waste treatment process system has become outdated, completely unable to meet the requirements of the above-mentioned pollution control and emission standards, and the improvement and improvement of the flue gas purification process system is required.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对现有技术的种种不足，为了解决上述问题，现提出一种危险废物焚烧 烟气超净排放处理系统及方法。In view of various deficiencies in the prior art, in order to solve the above problems, a system and method for ultra-clean emission of hazardous waste incineration flue gas are proposed.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，包括依次串接的余热锅炉、急 冷塔、活性炭储存输送装置、干式脱酸塔、第一袋式除尘器、酸洗塔、中和反 应塔、第二袋式除尘器和SCR触媒塔，所述余热锅炉的热媒进口作为危险废物焚 烧烟气的进口，SCR触媒塔的出口端连接烟囱；An ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas, comprising a waste heat boiler, a quenching tower, an activated carbon storage and conveying device, a dry deacidification tower, a first bag filter, a pickling tower, and a neutralization reaction tower connected in series. , the second bag filter and the SCR catalyst tower, the heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as the inlet of the hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected to the chimney;

所述余热锅炉的第一回程内设置脱氮装置，采用非催化法还原法降低烟气 中的NOx组分的浓度，所述中和反应塔、第二袋式除尘之间还设有烟气换热器， 所述干式脱酸塔的入口处设有文丘里加速管。A denitrification device is installed in the first return pass of the waste heat boiler, and a non-catalytic reduction method is used to reduce the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas. Flue gas is also provided between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag filter. A heat exchanger, a venturi accelerating tube is provided at the inlet of the dry deacidification tower.

进一步，所述脱氮装置包括尿素水箱、尿素水泵和喷射水泵，所述尿素水 箱中盛放尿素溶液，所述尿素水泵的入口端与尿素水箱连通，其出口端与喷射 水泵连通，所述喷射水泵的出口端连接有喷嘴。Further, the denitrification device includes a urea water tank, a urea water pump and a jet water pump, the urea water tank holds a urea solution, the inlet end of the urea water pump is communicated with the urea water tank, and the outlet end thereof is communicated with the jet water pump, and the injection The outlet end of the water pump is connected with a nozzle.

进一步，所述喷嘴由耐高温材料制成。Further, the nozzle is made of high temperature resistant material.

进一步，所述第一袋式除尘器和第二袋式除尘器均为长袋低压脉冲袋式除 尘器。Further, the first bag filter and the second bag filter are both long bag low pressure pulse bag filter.

进一步，所述酸洗塔的入口端设有预冷器，烟气经预冷器进入酸洗塔中。Further, the inlet end of the pickling tower is provided with a precooler, and the flue gas enters the pickling tower through the precooler.

进一步，所述活性炭储存输送装置包括储存仓和变频调速定量给料机，所 述储存仓用于盛放活性炭，所述变频调速定量给料机与储存仓连通，用于将活 性炭输送至连通急冷塔、干式脱酸塔的烟道中。Further, the activated carbon storage and conveying device includes a storage bin and a variable frequency speed regulation quantitative feeder, the storage bin is used to hold the activated carbon, and the variable frequency speed regulation quantitative feeder is communicated with the storage bin for conveying the activated carbon to It is connected to the flue of the quenching tower and the dry deacidification tower.

进一步，所述SCR触媒塔的出口端设有引风机。Further, an induced draft fan is provided at the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower.

进一步，所述烟囱上设有取样孔，用于安装烟气在线检测装置。Further, a sampling hole is provided on the chimney for installing a flue gas on-line detection device.

另，本发明还提供一种采用所述的危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统的 方法，包括如下步骤：In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method that adopts described hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean discharge treatment system, comprises the steps:

S1：烟气进入余热锅炉并与脱氮装置中的尿素溶液混合，烟气中NOx组分 在O2的存在下与尿素溶液发生还原反应；S1: The flue gas enters the waste heat boiler and is mixed with the urea solution in the denitrification device, and the NOx components in the flue gas undergo a reduction reaction with the urea solution in the presence of O 2 ;

S2：烟气经过余热锅炉温度降至500℃，经烟道从上方进入急冷塔，急冷塔 内设喷枪，经喷枪雾化后的水滴与烟气换热，使得烟气温度降至200℃以下，烟 气在急冷塔内停留时间小于1s；S2: The flue gas temperature drops to 500℃ through the waste heat boiler, and enters the quench tower from above through the flue. The quench tower is equipped with a spray gun, and the water droplets atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas, so that the flue gas temperature drops below 200℃ , the residence time of flue gas in the quench tower is less than 1s;

S3：小苏打通过文丘里加速管进入干式脱酸塔，并与烟气中的酸性组分进 行化学反应；S3: Baking soda enters the dry deacidification tower through the Venturi acceleration tube, and chemically reacts with the acidic components in the flue gas;

S4：连续添加活性炭，烟气被引入第一袋式除尘器，以过滤烟气中所含粉 尘、微粒，活性炭与烟气混合，提高对烟气中重金属和二噁英的吸附净化；S4: Continuously adding activated carbon, the flue gas is introduced into the first bag filter to filter the dust and particles contained in the flue gas, and the activated carbon is mixed with the flue gas to improve the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxins in the flue gas;

S5：烟气经第一袋式除尘器进入酸洗塔，酸洗塔的入口端设有预冷器，冷 却后的烟气进行酸洗，酸洗后的烟气进入中和反应塔，烟气和碱液进行逆洗， 去除烟气中的酸性组分；S5: The flue gas enters the pickling tower through the first bag filter, the inlet end of the pickling tower is provided with a pre-cooler, the cooled flue gas is pickled, and the pickled flue gas enters the neutralization reaction tower. Backwash with gas and lye to remove acidic components in flue gas;

S6：烟气经烟气换热器进入第二袋式除尘器、SCR触媒塔，最后经烟囱排出。S6: The flue gas enters the second bag filter and the SCR catalyst tower through the flue gas heat exchanger, and is finally discharged through the chimney.

本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

既可达到较高的烟气净化效率，又对颗粒物、酸性、二噁英及重金属等组 分进行有效净化，保证优于国家的排放标准，投资和运行费用低，流程简单。It can not only achieve high flue gas purification efficiency, but also effectively purify components such as particulate matter, acid, dioxin and heavy metals, ensuring that it is better than the national emission standard, with low investment and operating costs, and simple process.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的整体结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

附图中：1-余热锅炉、2-急冷塔、3-干式脱酸塔、4-第一袋式除尘器、5-酸洗 塔、6-中和反应塔、7-第二袋式除尘器、8-SCR触媒塔、9-活性炭储存输送装置、 10-烟气换热器。In the accompanying drawings: 1-waste heat boiler, 2-quenching tower, 3-dry deacidification tower, 4-first bag filter, 5-pickling tower, 6-neutralization reaction tower, 7-second bag type Dust collector, 8-SCR catalyst tower, 9- activated carbon storage and conveying device, 10- flue gas heat exchanger.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合本发明的附 图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，基于本申请中的实施例，本 领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其它类同实施例， 都应当属于本申请保护的范围。此外，以下实施例中提到的方向用词，例如“上” “下”“左”“右”等仅是参考附图的方向，因此，使用的方向用词是用来说 明而非限制本发明创造。In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Other similar embodiments obtained without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only the directions of reference to the drawings, therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate rather than limit the present invention. invent.

实施例一：Example 1:

如图1所示，一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，包括依次串接的余 热锅炉1、急冷塔2、活性炭储存输送装置9、干式脱酸塔3、第一袋式除尘器4、 酸洗塔5、中和反应塔6、第二袋式除尘器7和SCR触媒塔8，所述余热锅炉1的热 媒进口作为危险废物焚烧烟气的进口，SCR触媒塔8的出口端连接烟囱。同时， 所述SCR触媒塔8的出口端设有引风机，以维持整个处理系统的负压状态。所述 烟囱上设有取样孔，用于安装烟气在线检测装置，监视排放烟气的品质。As shown in Figure 1, a hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system includes a waste heat boiler 1, a quenching tower 2, an activated carbon storage and conveying device 9, a dry deacidification tower 3, and a first bag-type dust collector connected in series in sequence. 4, pickling tower 5, neutralization reaction tower 6, second bag filter 7 and SCR catalyst tower 8, the heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler 1 is used as the inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, the SCR catalyst tower 8 The outlet end is connected to the chimney. At the same time, an induced draft fan is provided at the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower 8 to maintain the negative pressure state of the entire treatment system. The chimney is provided with a sampling hole for installing a flue gas on-line detection device to monitor the quality of the exhausted flue gas.

所述余热锅炉1的第一回程内设置脱氮装置，采用非催化法还原法降低烟气 中的NOx组分的浓度。具体的，所述脱氮装置包括尿素水箱、尿素水泵和喷射 水泵，所述尿素水箱中盛放尿素溶液，所述尿素水泵的入口端与尿素水箱连通， 其出口端与喷射水泵连通，所述喷射水泵的出口端连接有喷嘴。作为优选，所 述喷嘴由耐高温材料制成。A denitrification device is installed in the first return pass of the waste heat boiler 1, and a non-catalytic reduction method is used to reduce the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas. Specifically, the denitrification device includes a urea water tank, a urea water pump and a jet water pump, the urea water tank holds a urea solution, the inlet end of the urea water pump is communicated with the urea water tank, and the outlet end thereof is communicated with the jet water pump. The outlet end of the jet water pump is connected with a nozzle. Preferably, the nozzle is made of high temperature resistant material.

所述活性炭储存输送装置9包括储存仓和变频调速定量给料机，所述储存仓 用于盛放活性炭，所述变频调速定量给料机与储存仓连通，用于将活性炭输送 至连通急冷塔2、干式脱酸塔3的烟道中。也就是说，由变频调速定量给料机控 制活性碳的添加量，通过罗茨风机接入一根空气管道对变频调速定量给料机进 行吹扫，使活性炭与烟气充分混合接触，提高对烟气中重金属和二噁英等污染 物的吸附净化。The activated carbon storage and conveying device 9 includes a storage bin and a variable frequency speed regulation quantitative feeder, the storage bin is used to hold activated carbon, and the variable frequency speed regulation quantitative feeder is communicated with the storage bin for delivering the activated carbon to In the flue of the quench tower 2 and the dry deacidification tower 3. That is to say, the addition amount of activated carbon is controlled by the variable frequency speed regulating quantitative feeder, and the Roots fan is connected to an air pipe to purge the variable frequency speed regulating quantitative feeder, so that the activated carbon and the flue gas are fully mixed and contacted. Improve the adsorption and purification of pollutants such as heavy metals and dioxins in flue gas.

此外，所述干式脱酸塔3的入口处设有文丘里加速管，小苏打通过文丘里加 速管进入干式脱酸塔3，有利于小苏打与酸性组分(如SOx和HCl等)进行化学反 应，并保证第一袋式除尘器4中滤袋的热承受能力和NaCl2的潮解。对于危废焚烧 烟气处理，为配合活性炭喷射吸附工艺，特别是为更好的控制重金属离子和二 噁英，所述第一袋式除尘器4和第二袋式除尘器7均为长袋低压脉冲袋式除尘器。 随着长袋低压脉冲袋式除尘器的运行，烟气中所含粉尘、微粒因惯性冲击、直 接截流、扩散及静电引力等在滤袋外侧表面形成滤饼。当压差大于仪表设定时， 则停止过滤，使用工厂空气逆洗；当阻力增大至定值(1200Pa，可调)，除尘器 开始脉冲喷吹清灰，清落的粉尘集于灰斗，由卸灰阀卸入下面的输灰系统。长袋低压脉冲袋式除尘器采用离线脉冲清灰方式，清灰系统采用PLC自动控制。控 制方式同时采用定时、定压两种方式，定时控制时间可调。In addition, the inlet of the dry deacidification tower 3 is provided with a venturi acceleration tube, and the baking soda enters the dry deacidification tower 3 through the venturi acceleration tube, which is beneficial to baking soda and acidic components (such as SOx and HCl, etc.) The chemical reaction is carried out, and the heat bearing capacity of the filter bag in the first bag filter 4 and the deliquescence of NaCl 2 are guaranteed. For the treatment of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, in order to cooperate with the activated carbon jet adsorption process, especially to better control heavy metal ions and dioxins, the first bag filter 4 and the second bag filter 7 are long bags. Low pressure pulse bag filter. With the operation of the long-bag low-pressure pulse bag filter, the dust and particles contained in the flue gas form a filter cake on the outer surface of the filter bag due to inertial impact, direct interception, diffusion and electrostatic attraction. When the pressure difference is greater than the setting of the instrument, the filtration is stopped and the factory air is used for backwashing; when the resistance increases to a fixed value (1200Pa, adjustable), the dust collector starts to pulse jet to clean the dust, and the cleaned dust is collected in the ash hopper , discharged into the ash conveying system below by the ash discharge valve. The long-bag low-pressure pulse bag filter adopts off-line pulse cleaning method, and the cleaning system adopts PLC automatic control. The control mode adopts two modes of timing and constant pressure at the same time, and the timing control time is adjustable.

所述酸洗塔5的入口端设有预冷器，烟气经预冷器进入酸洗塔5中。为防止 烟雾的形成，所述中和反应塔6、第二袋式除尘7之间还设有烟气换热器10，利用 高温原烟气加热低温净湿烟气，使净烟气温度升高后进入第二袋式除尘7，进一 步降低烟气中的颗粒物含量。烟气换热器10不仅可以提升排烟温度，达到烟羽 消白的目的，还可提高SCR触媒塔8的反应活性。The inlet end of the pickling tower 5 is provided with a precooler, and the flue gas enters the pickling tower 5 through the precooler. In order to prevent the formation of smoke, a flue gas heat exchanger 10 is also provided between the neutralization reaction tower 6 and the second bag-type dust collector 7, and the high-temperature raw flue gas is used to heat the low-temperature clean and wet flue gas, so that the temperature of the clean flue gas rises. After high, it enters the second bag-type dust collector 7 to further reduce the particulate matter content in the flue gas. The flue gas heat exchanger 10 can not only increase the exhaust gas temperature to achieve the purpose of whitening the plume, but also improve the reactivity of the SCR catalyst tower 8 .

具体的，采用所述的危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统的方法，包括如 下步骤：Concretely, adopt the method of the described hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system, including the following steps:

S1：烟气进入余热锅炉1并与脱氮装置中的尿素溶液混合，烟气中NOx组分 在O2的存在下与尿素溶液发生还原反应，与此同时，尿素溶液水分全部被烟气 汽化并带走，多余的尿素转化为氨，在低温段进一步与NOx发生还原反应，减 少NOx的排放浓度。S1: The flue gas enters the waste heat boiler 1 and is mixed with the urea solution in the denitrification device. The NOx components in the flue gas undergo a reduction reaction with the urea solution in the presence of O 2 . At the same time, all the water in the urea solution is vaporized by the flue gas. And take away, the excess urea is converted into ammonia, and further reduction reaction with NOx occurs in the low temperature section, reducing the emission concentration of NOx.

S2：烟气经过余热锅炉1温度降至500℃，经烟道从上方进入急冷塔2，急冷 塔2内设喷枪，经喷枪雾化后的水滴与烟气换热，在短时间内蒸发，迅速带走热 量，使得烟气温度瞬间降至200℃以下，烟气在急冷塔2内停留时间小于1s，有效 防止了二噁英的再合成。S2: The temperature of the flue gas drops to 500°C through the waste heat boiler 1, and enters the quenching tower 2 from above through the flue. The quenching tower 2 is equipped with a spray gun, and the water droplets atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas and evaporate in a short time. The heat is quickly taken away, so that the temperature of the flue gas instantly drops below 200°C, and the residence time of the flue gas in the quench tower 2 is less than 1s, which effectively prevents the resynthesis of dioxins.

S3：小苏打通过文丘里加速管进入干式脱酸塔3，并与烟气中的酸性组分进 行化学反应。S3: Baking soda enters the dry deacidification tower 3 through the venturi accelerating tube, and chemically reacts with the acidic components in the flue gas.

S4：连续添加活性炭，烟气被引入第一袋式除尘器4，以过滤烟气中所含粉 尘、微粒，活性炭与烟气混合，提高对烟气中重金属和二噁英的吸附净化。S4: Activated carbon is added continuously, and the flue gas is introduced into the first bag filter 4 to filter the dust and particles contained in the flue gas. The activated carbon is mixed with the flue gas to improve the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxins in the flue gas.

S5：烟气经第一袋式除尘器4进入酸洗塔5，酸洗塔5的入口端设有预冷器， 预冷器和酸洗塔5采用一体式设计，预冷器使第一袋式除尘器4出口端的烟气快 速冷却，冷却后的烟气进行酸洗，酸洗后的烟气进入中和反应塔6，烟气和碱液 进行逆洗，去除烟气中的酸性组分。S5: The flue gas enters the pickling tower 5 through the first bag filter 4. The inlet end of the pickling tower 5 is provided with a pre-cooler. The pre-cooler and the pickling tower 5 adopt an integrated design. The flue gas at the outlet end of the bag filter 4 is rapidly cooled, the cooled flue gas is pickled, the pickled flue gas enters the neutralization reaction tower 6, and the flue gas and lye are backwashed to remove the acid group in the flue gas. point.

S6：烟气经烟气换热器10进入第二袋式除尘器7、SCR触媒塔8，SCR触媒塔8 采用低温去除二噁英系统标准模块，最后烟气经烟囱排出。S6: The flue gas enters the second bag filter 7 and the SCR catalyst tower 8 through the flue gas heat exchanger 10. The SCR catalyst tower 8 adopts the standard module of the low-temperature dioxin removal system, and finally the flue gas is discharged through the chimney.

通过上述处理系统对危险废物焚烧烟气净化处理后，可以达到如下排放标 准：烟尘的排放浓度控制在10mg/m3；NOx的排放浓度500mg/m3；SO2的排放浓 度200mg/m3；二噁英类污染物类污染物排放浓度可以控制在0.5ng/Nm3以下。After the hazardous waste incineration flue gas is purified and treated by the above treatment system, the following emission standards can be achieved: the emission concentration of soot is controlled at 10 mg/m 3 ; the emission concentration of NOx is 500 mg/m 3 ; the emission concentration of SO 2 is 200 mg/m 3 ; The emission concentration of dioxin pollutants can be controlled below 0.5ng/Nm 3 .

以上已将本发明做一详细说明，以上所述，仅为本发明之较佳实施例而已， 当不能限定本发明实施范围，即凡依本申请范围所作均等变化与修饰，皆应仍 属本发明涵盖范围内。The present invention has been described in detail above. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the application should still belong to the present invention. inventions are covered.

Claims (9)

1.一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，包括依次串接的余热锅炉、急冷塔、活性炭储存输送装置、干式脱酸塔、第一袋式除尘器、酸洗塔、中和反应塔、第二袋式除尘器和SCR触媒塔，所述余热锅炉的热媒进口作为危险废物焚烧烟气的进口，SCR触媒塔的出口端连接烟囱；1. a hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean discharge treatment system, is characterized in that, comprises the waste heat boiler, the quench tower, the activated carbon storage and conveying device, the dry type deacidification tower, the first bag filter, the pickling that are connected in series successively tower, neutralization reaction tower, second bag filter and SCR catalyst tower, the heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as the inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected to the chimney; 所述余热锅炉的第一回程内设置脱氮装置，采用非催化法还原法降低烟气中的NOx组分的浓度，所述中和反应塔、第二袋式除尘之间还设有烟气换热器，所述干式脱酸塔的入口处设有文丘里加速管。A denitrification device is installed in the first return pass of the waste heat boiler, and a non-catalytic reduction method is used to reduce the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas. Flue gas is also provided between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag filter. Heat exchanger, the inlet of the dry deacidification tower is provided with a Venturi accelerating tube. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述脱氮装置包括尿素水箱、尿素水泵和喷射水泵，所述尿素水箱中盛放尿素溶液，所述尿素水泵的入口端与尿素水箱连通，其出口端与喷射水泵连通，所述喷射水泵的出口端连接有喷嘴。2. a kind of hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean discharge treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described denitrification device comprises urea water tank, urea water pump and jet water pump, and described urea water tank holds urea solution The inlet end of the urea water pump is communicated with the urea water tank, the outlet end thereof is communicated with the jet water pump, and the outlet end of the jet water pump is connected with a nozzle. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述喷嘴由耐高温材料制成。3 . The ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas according to claim 2 , wherein the nozzle is made of high temperature resistant material. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述第一袋式除尘器和第二袋式除尘器均为长袋低压脉冲袋式除尘器。4. The ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the first bag filter and the second bag filter are both long bag low pressure pulse bag filter device. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述酸洗塔的入口端设有预冷器，烟气经预冷器进入酸洗塔中。5. a kind of hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inlet end of described pickling tower is provided with pre-cooler, and flue gas enters pickling tower through pre-cooler middle. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述活性炭储存输送装置包括储存仓和变频调速定量给料机，所述储存仓用于盛放活性炭，所述变频调速定量给料机与储存仓连通，用于将活性炭输送至连通急冷塔、干式脱酸塔的烟道中。6. The ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon storage and conveying device comprises a storage bin and a variable frequency speed regulation quantitative feeder, and the storage bin is used for Activated carbon is contained, and the variable frequency speed regulating quantitative feeder is communicated with the storage bin, and is used to transport activated carbon into the flue that is connected to the quenching tower and the dry deacidification tower. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述SCR触媒塔的出口端设有引风机。7 . The ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas according to claim 1 , wherein an induced draft fan is provided at the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower. 8 . 8.根据权利要求2-7任一所述的一种危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统，其特征在于，所述烟囱上设有取样孔，用于安装烟气在线检测装置。8 . The ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas according to claim 2 , wherein a sampling hole is provided on the chimney for installing a flue gas online detection device. 9 . 9.一种采用如权利要求1-8任一所述的危险废物焚烧烟气超净排放处理系统的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：9. A method for adopting the ultra-clean emission treatment system of hazardous waste incineration flue gas as described in any one of claims 1-8, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1：烟气进入余热锅炉并与脱氮装置中的尿素溶液混合，烟气中NOx组分在O2的存在下与尿素溶液发生还原反应；S1: The flue gas enters the waste heat boiler and is mixed with the urea solution in the denitrification device, and the NOx components in the flue gas undergo a reduction reaction with the urea solution in the presence of O 2 ; S2：烟气经过余热锅炉温度降至500℃，经烟道从上方进入急冷塔，急冷塔内设喷枪，经喷枪雾化后的水滴与烟气换热，使得烟气温度降至200℃以下，烟气在急冷塔内停留时间小于1s；S2: The flue gas temperature drops to 500℃ through the waste heat boiler, and enters the quench tower from above through the flue. The quench tower is equipped with a spray gun, and the water droplets atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas, so that the flue gas temperature drops below 200℃ , the residence time of flue gas in the quench tower is less than 1s; S3：小苏打通过文丘里加速管进入干式脱酸塔，并与烟气中的酸性组分进行化学反应；S3: Baking soda enters the dry deacidification tower through the Venturi acceleration tube, and chemically reacts with the acidic components in the flue gas; S4：连续添加活性炭，烟气被引入第一袋式除尘器，以过滤烟气中所含粉尘、微粒，活性炭与烟气混合，提高对烟气中重金属和二噁英的吸附净化；S4: Continuously adding activated carbon, the flue gas is introduced into the first bag filter to filter the dust and particles contained in the flue gas, and the activated carbon is mixed with the flue gas to improve the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxins in the flue gas; S5：烟气经第一袋式除尘器进入酸洗塔，酸洗塔的入口端设有预冷器，冷却后的烟气进行酸洗，酸洗后的烟气进入中和反应塔，烟气和碱液进行逆洗，去除烟气中的酸性组分；S5: The flue gas enters the pickling tower through the first bag filter, the inlet end of the pickling tower is provided with a pre-cooler, the cooled flue gas is pickled, and the pickled flue gas enters the neutralization reaction tower. Backwash with gas and lye to remove acidic components in flue gas; S6：烟气经烟气换热器进入第二袋式除尘器、SCR触媒塔，最后经烟囱排出。S6: The flue gas enters the second bag filter and the SCR catalyst tower through the flue gas heat exchanger, and is finally discharged through the chimney.
CN201911074434.5A 2019-11-06 2019-11-06 Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas Pending CN110645583A (en)

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