CN110625083A - Device and method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN110625083A CN110625083A CN201910928050.9A CN201910928050A CN110625083A CN 110625083 A CN110625083 A CN 110625083A CN 201910928050 A CN201910928050 A CN 201910928050A CN 110625083 A CN110625083 A CN 110625083A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry, wherein the device comprises a control cabinet, a first electromagnetic stirrer, a second electromagnetic stirrer, a thermocouple, an ultrasonic mechanism, a pulping chamber, a base and a bracket; the ultrasonic mechanism is connected to the bracket, and the bracket is connected to the base; the ultrasonic mechanism comprises an amplitude transformer, an energy converter and an ultrasonic tool head, wherein two ends of the amplitude transformer are respectively connected with the energy converter and the ultrasonic tool head; the pulping chamber is arranged below the ultrasonic tool head; the first electromagnetic stirrer surrounds the periphery of the pulping chamber, and the second electromagnetic stirrer is positioned below the pulping chamber; the control cabinet is connected with the first electromagnetic stirrer, the second electromagnetic stirrer, the resistance wire, the thermocouple and the ultrasonic mechanism; one end of the thermocouple is arranged in the pulping chamber. The device applies the ultrasonic field and the electromagnetic field to a single aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry preparation device in a compounding and synergistic manner, and can complete the ultrasonic wave and electromagnetic stirring process simultaneously only by one operation procedure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of semi-solid metal processing, in particular to a device and a method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry.
Background
Because of its advantages of high strength, low density and high corrosion resistance, aluminium alloy is widely used in aviation, automobile, shipbuilding, building, chemical engineering and mechanical industries.
In order to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy casting with better mechanical properties, particularly better plasticity and toughness, the prior art mainly focuses on controlling the solidification and transmission behaviors of a high-strength aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry melt, and specifically adopts various schemes to improve the thinning and spheroidizing degrees of a slurry structure so as to improve the performance of an aluminum alloy. The existing method for improving the structure refinement and spheroidization degree of the aluminum alloy mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a refiner into the metal melt to increase the nucleation rate of the melt, and controlling the heat preservation condition to obtain a fine semi-solid structure. But the texture uniformity of the bulk slurry is not good.
(2) The process for obtaining the non-dendritic crystal semi-solid structure by acting the external force field on the solidification process of the alloy melt has low production cost and high efficiency, and the external force field changes the structure form and is divided into two modes of mechanical stirring and electromagnetic stirring.
To obtain finer and more spherical primary grains, it is necessary to increase the melt nucleation rate and increase the shear rate in the melt.
The melt can be intensively stirred by adopting a mechanical stirring method, such as a double-screw stirring method or a rotating tube method, so that high shear rate is provided, but the method has the problems that stirring instruments are easy to corrode, slurry is easy to pollute, the stirring is not uniform and the like in production, so that the application of the method is limited.
The electromagnetic stirring method is a commonly used method for preparing metal semi-solid slurry (blank) because the electromagnetic stirring method does not pollute the melt and is easy to operate. However, due to the electromagnetic skin effect, the electromagnetic stirring has the problems of high shearing rate at the edge part of the pulping chamber and low internal shearing rate, so that the tissues of the semi-solid slurry are different and difficult to be uniform at each position in the radial direction of the pulping chamber, and the nonuniformity is obvious when the size of the pulping chamber is large. The higher the frequency, the larger the diameter of the pulping chamber, the greater this difference.
(3) The ultrasonic wave is introduced into the molten metal as an external field, and has obvious effects of refining a solidification structure, preventing segregation, removing impurities, gas and the like. The thixotropic green structure obtained by the ultrasonic action is fine in grain size and higher in grain roundness than that obtained by ordinary mechanical stirring. However, the ultrasonic sound pressure is sharply attenuated along with the distance from the end face of the ultrasonic head, the cavitation effect formed by the ultrasonic vibration is only formed in a certain area near the ultrasonic head, and the distribution characteristic of the ultrasonic sound pressure also limits the action range of sound flow generated by the sound pressure difference. When the volume of the melt is large, the crystal nucleus is difficult to distribute to the whole melt, and finally, the tissue far away from the ultrasonic wave is difficult to be refined.
The existing preparation device only comprises a method for improving the quality of the alloy liquid, and when a stirring method is adopted, the uniformity of the alloy liquid is better, but the generation amount of crystal grain nucleation is insufficient. When the semi-solid slurry is prepared by using ultrasound, a large number of crystal nuclei are formed in the ultrasonic cavity near the ultrasonic probe, but the part far away from the ultrasonic instrument is flat. The process of adding the refiner can refine grains, but changes the composition of the aluminum alloy at the same time, and may have some adverse effects on the performance. Therefore, the existing high-strength aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry structure control technology is still lack of a device capable of compositely applying various physical processes, and various excellent processes are difficult to combine together efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that a preparation device capable of organically combining various physical methods is lacked in the process of aluminum alloy structure refinement and spheroidizing in the prior art, and provides a device and a method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry in an ultra-fine mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry, comprising the following structure: the device comprises a control cabinet 1, a first electromagnetic stirrer 10, a second electromagnetic stirrer 13, a thermocouple 6, an ultrasonic mechanism, a pulping chamber 4, a base 11 and a bracket 12; the ultrasonic mechanism is connected to the support 12, and the support 12 is connected to the base 11; the ultrasonic mechanism comprises an amplitude transformer 8, an energy converter 7 and an ultrasonic tool head 9, wherein two ends of the amplitude transformer 8 are respectively connected with the energy converter 7 and the ultrasonic tool head 9; the pulping chamber 4 is arranged below the ultrasonic tool head 9; the first electromagnetic stirrer 10 surrounds the pulping chamber 4, and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 is positioned below the pulping chamber 4; the control cabinet 1 is connected with a first electromagnetic stirrer 10, a second electromagnetic stirrer 13, a thermocouple 6 and an ultrasonic mechanism; one end of the thermocouple 6 is placed in the molten metal 5 in the slurrying chamber 4.
Preferably, the upper edge of the pulping chamber 4 protrudes and is clamped on the upper part of the first electromagnetic stirrer 10; the container used by the pulping chamber 4 is a crucible. The pulping chamber 4 is clamped on the upper part of the first electromagnetic stirrer 10, the shell of the first electromagnetic stirrer 10 plays a supporting role, the intensity of the shell can support the pulping chamber 4 and the aluminum alloy semisolid slurry in the pulping chamber 4, the lower part of the pulping chamber 4 is suspended, and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 is protected. The crucible is a reaction vessel for melting and refining metal liquid, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and good stability, is easy to obtain, has excellent effects on resistance wire heating and electromagnetic stirring mass transfer, and is an ideal alloy vessel for the ultrasonic-electromagnetic composite field device.
Preferably, the transducer 7 is an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer converts high-frequency electric energy into mechanical vibration to form ultrasonic waves to act on the alloy liquid, and ultrasonic cavities are formed under the vibration of the high-frequency ultrasonic waves to promote a large amount of nucleation to be generated in the alloy liquid so as to improve the processing quality of the alloy liquid.
Preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic transducer can be adjusted, and the adjustment range is 0-1500W. The ultrasonic power can be adjusted according to the nucleation requirement of the alloy liquid and the melt state, and when the nucleation rate is lower, the power is increased, and the nucleation generation in the alloy liquid is rapidly increased. When the liquid nucleation rate of the alloy is high and needs to be kept stable, the ultrasonic instrument is turned down or closed, and the power consumption is reduced.
Preferably, the first electromagnetic stirrer 10 and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 are composed of an electromagnetic stirring coil 2 and a resistance wire 3, the electromagnetic stirring coil 2 and the resistance wire 3 are in a concentric ring structure, and the electromagnetic stirring coil 2 is arranged on the periphery of the resistance wire 3. The resistance wire 3 is mainly used for heating the alloy liquid in the pulping chamber 4, and has higher thermal efficiency and less heat loss when the alloy liquid is heated around the pulping chamber. Electromagnetic stirring coil 2 realizes the stirring effect of alloy liquid through the frequency conversion magnetic field, sets up electromagnetic stirring coil 2 around slurrying room 4, can produce more powerful stirring effect, distributes electromagnetic stirring coil 2 in the outside of resistance wire 3 simultaneously, can reduce the interference/the destruction effect of the heat that resistance wire 3 produced to electromagnetic stirring coil 2. The first electromagnetic stirrer 10 mainly makes the slurry generate circumferential rotation flow, and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 mainly promotes the slurry to flow up and down, so that the melt is macroscopically stirred uniformly without dead angles through the cooperation of the first electromagnetic stirrer and the second electromagnetic stirrer.
Preferably, the ultrasonic tool head 9 is an ultrasonic probe, and the material of the ultrasonic tool head 9 is titanium alloy or niobium alloy. The ultrasonic mechanism controls the working position of the ultrasonic tool head 9 through the amplitude transformer 8, so that the ultrasonic tool head 9 can extend into the alloy liquid, the uniformity of ultrasonic radiation sound intensity is ensured, the ultrasonic treatment effect is good, and the flexibility is good.
Preferably, the bracket 12 adjusts the stirring position of the ultrasonic mechanism through a hydraulic rod. The support 12 is provided with two shaft points which are connected with the ultrasonic mechanism through a shaft, and the stirring position of the ultrasonic mechanism can be adjusted through a hydraulic rod during stirring, so that more sufficient stirring is ensured.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by adopting the device, which comprises the following steps:
1) heating and melting aluminum alloy, and preserving heat for 10-60 minutes until the temperature of the alloy liquid is stable;
2) pouring the alloy liquid into a pulping chamber 4, and preserving heat; starting an electromagnetic composite field around the pulping chamber 4 for stirring, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic device to perform ultrasonic treatment on the alloy liquid from the middle part;
3) after stirring, the slurry is water quenched or poured into a pressure chamber for forming.
Preferably, in the process of heating and melting the aluminum alloy in the step 1), the aluminum alloy is heated to 5-20 ℃ above the melting point, the aluminum alloy is kept fully melted, the fluidity is good, and the local solidification interference is not generated in the transfer process.
Preferably, the electromagnetic stirring time and the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 2) are 0.5 to 20 minutes. The electromagnetic stirring is mainly to make the alloy liquid flow, so that the alloy liquid at the edge and the alloy liquid with nucleation generated by central ultrasonic convection exchange, the alloy liquid is ensured to totally and uniformly contain a large amount of nucleation, and the quality of the large-volume semi-solid slurry is improved. The electromagnetic stirring is performed until the integral nucleation rate and the uniformity of the alloy liquid are close to the optimal value, if the integral nucleation rate and the uniformity of the alloy liquid tend to be stable, the property of the alloy liquid cannot be influenced by increasing the electromagnetic stirring time, and the energy consumption in the alloy liquid processing process can only be increased. During the stirring process, the temperature is controlled at the same time, and the solid fraction is controlled to be 0-40%.
Preferably, during the ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasonic probe extends into the alloy liquid by 1-5 cm. The ultrasonic power is quickly attenuated along with the increase of the propagation distance, and the ultrasonic efficiency of the alloy liquid can be increased by extending the ultrasonic probe into the alloy liquid, so that the nucleation generating efficiency is improved. And simultaneously avoids liquid surface oxides from being involved into the melt due to the severe fluctuation of the liquid surface.
The aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry preparation device can compound an ultrasonic field and an electromagnetic field into the same pulping chamber, so that the molten alloy liquid is subjected to the electromagnetic stirring effect and the ultrasonic effect at the same time, a large number of nuclei are formed under the effect of the ultrasonic wave, and the nuclei are subjected to the convection exchange dispersion effect through the electromagnetic stirring, and finally the alloy liquid which is uniformly distributed and has high nucleation rate is obtained. The device can effectively combine two different physical processing technologies into the same processing technology at the same time, overcomes the defect of a single technological method, combines the advantages of the two methods, and greatly improves the physical properties of the processed alloy. The high-strength aluminum alloy casting with fine, uniform and compact solidification structure can be processed, has higher strength, plasticity and toughness, and can be suitable for casting production of various special parts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the ultrasonic field and the electromagnetic field are compositely and synergistically applied to the single aluminum alloy slurry processing device, the problem that the structure of the aluminum alloy slurry is not uniform in a large range is avoided, the nucleation rate and the refining uniformity of a melt are effectively improved, the alloy performance is greatly improved and far exceeds the material performance limit which can be reached by the conventional processing method, and the ultrasonic field and the electromagnetic field composite synergistic processing device have great substantive significance for the field with special requirements on castings.
2. The ultrasonic field and the electromagnetic field are combined and cooperatively applied to a single aluminum alloy processing device, and the ultrasonic and electromagnetic stirring process can be completed simultaneously only by one operation procedure.
3. The device can accurately control the distribution conditions of the electromagnetic field and the ultrasonic field, ensure the effective synergistic action of the performance of the electromagnetic stirring and the performance of the ultrasonic field, and avoid the mutual interference and reduce the efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for preparing semi-solid slurry by the action of ultrasonic-electromagnetic composite field.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic stirrer and the pulping chamber.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a control cabinet, 2-an electromagnetic stirring coil, 3-a resistance wire, 4-a pulping chamber, 5-a metal melt, 6-a thermocouple, 7-a transducer, 8-an amplitude transformer, 9-an ultrasonic tool head, 10-a first electromagnetic stirrer, 11-a base, 12-a bracket and 13-a second electromagnetic stirrer.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to compound an ultrasonic field and an electromagnetic field and is used for preparing large-volume high-quality semi-solid slurry. Because the purpose of improving the quality of the alloy liquid can be achieved by a single ultrasonic field or electromagnetic field in a general small-volume test, the formation of uniform spherical materials in the large-volume alloy liquid is difficult to realize by the prior art. The pulping amount of the alloy liquid is ensured by adjusting and selecting the pulping chamber with larger volume, and the real combination of the electromagnetic field and the ultrasonic field is realized. Preferably, the diameter of the pulping chamber is 180mm, and the volume of the pulping chamber for melting the alloy liquid is more than 2L. In order to ensure the quality of the prepared large-volume alloy liquid, the volume of the pulping chamber is controlled to be about 2.5-3.5L, so that the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic device achieves the optimal use efficiency.
After the molten alloy liquid is added, the control cabinet detects the temperature of the alloy liquid through the thermocouple to adjust the temperature and keep the temperature stable. The frequency and time of the electromagnetic stirring and the ultrasonic probe are set, so that the alloy liquid forms a large number of cores under the action of ultrasonic waves released by the ultrasonic tool head, and meanwhile, the alloy liquid is convectively dispersed into the alloy liquid at the edge of the crucible under the action of the electromagnetic stirring to form uniform alloy liquid with high nucleation rate.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The device for preparing the ultrasonic-electromagnetic composite field of the high-quality large-volume semi-solid slurry as shown in figures 1-2 comprises the following structures: the device comprises a control cabinet 1, a first electromagnetic stirrer 10, a second electromagnetic stirrer 13, a thermocouple 6, an ultrasonic mechanism, a pulping chamber 4, a base 11 and a bracket 12; the ultrasonic mechanism is connected to the support 12, and the support 12 is connected to the base 11; the ultrasonic mechanism comprises an amplitude transformer 8, an energy converter 7 and an ultrasonic tool head 9, wherein two ends of the amplitude transformer 8 are respectively connected with the energy converter 7 and the ultrasonic tool head 9; the pulping chamber 4 is arranged below the ultrasonic tool head 9; the first electromagnetic stirrer 10 surrounds the pulping chamber 4, and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 is positioned below the pulping chamber 4; the control cabinet 1 is connected with a first electromagnetic stirrer 10, a second stirrer 13, a thermocouple 6 and an ultrasonic mechanism; one end of the thermocouple 6 is placed in the molten metal 5 in the slurrying chamber 4.
Furthermore, the upper edge of the pulping chamber 4 is protruded and clamped at the upper part of the first electromagnetic stirrer 10; the container used in the pulping chamber 4 is a crucible.
Further, the transducer 7 is an ultrasonic transducer.
Further, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic transducer can be adjusted, and the adjustment range is 0-1500W.
Further, the first electromagnetic stirrer 10 and the second electromagnetic stirrer 13 are composed of an electromagnetic stirring coil 2 and a resistance wire 3, the electromagnetic stirring coil 2 and the resistance wire 3 are of a concentric ring structure, and the electromagnetic stirring coil 2 is arranged on the periphery of the resistance wire 3.
Further, the ultrasonic tool head 9 is an ultrasonic probe, and the material of the ultrasonic tool head 9 is titanium alloy or niobium alloy.
Further, the bracket 12 adjusts the stirring position of the ultrasonic mechanism through a hydraulic rod.
Further, the control cabinet 1 is used for controlling the working state and the working time of the electromagnetic stirring ring 2, the ultrasonic mechanism and the resistance wire 3. The resistance wire 3 heats the alloy liquid in the crucible, keeps the temperature of the alloy liquid rising, and the alloy liquid in the crucible can be naturally cooled after the heating is stopped, or the crucible can be put into water for quenching.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy melt slurry by adopting the device, which comprises the following steps:
1) heating and melting aluminum alloy, and preserving heat for 10-60 minutes until the temperature of the alloy liquid is stable;
2) pouring the alloy liquid into a pulping chamber 4, and preserving heat; starting an electromagnetic composite field around the pulping chamber 4 for stirring, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic device to perform ultrasonic treatment on the alloy liquid from the middle part;
3) after stirring, the slurry is water quenched or poured into a pressure chamber for forming.
Further, in the process of heating and melting the aluminum alloy in the step 1), the aluminum alloy is heated to 5-20 ℃ above the melting point, the aluminum alloy is kept fully melted, good fluidity is achieved, and local solidification interference is not generated in the transfer process.
Further, the electromagnetic stirring time and the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 2) are 0.5-20 minutes. The electromagnetic stirring is mainly to make the alloy liquid flow, so that the alloy liquid at the edge and the alloy liquid of the nucleation core generated by the central ultrasonic wave are in convection exchange, the alloy liquid is ensured to totally and uniformly contain a large number of nucleation cores, and the quality improvement of the large-volume semi-solid slurry is facilitated. The electromagnetic stirring is performed until the integral nucleation rate and the uniformity of the alloy liquid are close to the optimal value, if the integral nucleation rate and the uniformity of the alloy liquid tend to be stable, the property of the alloy liquid cannot be influenced by increasing the electromagnetic stirring time, and the energy consumption in the alloy liquid processing process can only be increased. During the stirring process, the temperature is controlled at the same time, and the solid fraction is controlled to be 0-40%.
Furthermore, in the ultrasonic treatment process, the ultrasonic probe extends into the alloy liquid by 1-5 cm. The ultrasonic power is quickly attenuated along with the increase of the propagation distance, and the ultrasonic efficiency of the alloy liquid can be increased by extending the ultrasonic probe into the alloy liquid, so that the nucleation generating efficiency is improved. And simultaneously avoids liquid surface oxides from being involved into the melt due to the severe fluctuation of the liquid surface.
Examples
Preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry: 6.8kg of 7A04 aluminum alloy is taken to be heated and melted, the temperature is kept for 5 minutes, the alloy liquid is transferred into a crucible after the temperature of the alloy liquid is stable, and a resistance wire is controlled by a control cabinet to heat the alloy liquid, so that the temperature of the alloy liquid is kept higher than the melting point by 10 ℃. Meanwhile, electromagnetic stirring rings around the pulping chamber are started through the control cabinet, so that electromagnetic stirring is realized, the electromagnetic stirring power is 400W, and the frequency is 20 Hz. And (3) starting the ultrasonic device through the control cabinet, keeping the ultrasonic probe extending into the alloy liquid level for 1cm, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 800W. Electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment are carried out for 5 minutes, and the slurry is poured into a pressure chamber for die-casting forming to obtain the high-quality and high-strength aluminum alloy.
The 7A04 aluminum alloy is a super-hard aluminum alloy, has special application in many fields and has better performance. By the method for processing the aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry, the quality of the 7A04 aluminum alloy can be greatly improved, the near-net forming of a casting with high strength and high toughness and a complex shape is realized, and the physical properties of the casting are more outstanding. The method is expected to provide reliable material castings for high-performance complex parts in the key fields of aviation, aerospace, high-speed rail and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry, characterized by comprising the following structure: the device comprises a control cabinet (1), a first electromagnetic stirrer (10), a second electromagnetic stirrer (13), a thermocouple (6), an ultrasonic mechanism, a pulping chamber (4), a base (11) and a bracket (12); the ultrasonic mechanism is connected to the support (12), and the support (12) is connected to the base (11); the ultrasonic mechanism comprises an amplitude transformer (8), an energy transducer (7) and an ultrasonic tool head (9), wherein two ends of the amplitude transformer (8) are respectively connected with the energy transducer (7) and the ultrasonic tool head (9); the pulping chamber (4) is arranged below the ultrasonic tool head (9); the first electromagnetic stirrer (10) surrounds the pulping chamber (4), and the second electromagnetic stirrer (13) is positioned below the pulping chamber (4); the control cabinet (1) is connected with the first electromagnetic stirrer (10), the second electromagnetic stirrer (13), the thermocouple (6) and the ultrasonic mechanism; one end of the thermocouple (6) is arranged in the metal melt (5) in the pulping chamber (4).
2. An apparatus for preparing semi-solid slurry of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the upper edge of the slurrying chamber (4) is protruded and stuck to the upper part of the first electromagnetic stirrer (10); the container used by the pulping chamber (4) is a crucible.
3. An apparatus for preparing an aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1, wherein the transducer (7) is an ultrasonic transducer.
4. An apparatus for preparing semi-solid slurry of aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic transducer is adjustable within a range of 0-1500W.
5. An apparatus for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1, wherein the first electromagnetic stirrer (10) and the second electromagnetic stirrer (13) are composed of an electromagnetic stirring coil (2) and a resistance wire (3), the electromagnetic stirring coil (2) and the resistance wire (3) are of concentric ring structure, and the electromagnetic stirring coil (2) is arranged at the periphery of the resistance wire (3).
6. An apparatus for preparing semi-solid slurry of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic tool head (9) is an ultrasonic probe, and the material of the ultrasonic tool head (9) is titanium alloy or niobium alloy.
7. An apparatus for preparing an aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1, wherein the stand (12) adjusts a stirring position of the ultrasonic means by means of a hydraulic lever.
8. A method for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by adopting the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) heating and melting aluminum alloy, and preserving heat for 10-60 minutes until the temperature of the alloy liquid is stable;
2) pouring the alloy liquid into a pulping chamber (4), and preserving heat; starting an electromagnetic composite field around the pulping chamber (4) for stirring, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic device to perform ultrasonic treatment on the alloy liquid from the middle part;
3) after stirring, the slurry is water quenched or poured into a pressure chamber for forming.
9. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry as set forth in claim 8, wherein the aluminum alloy is heated to 5-20 ℃ above the melting point in the heating and melting of the aluminum alloy in the step 1).
10. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 8, wherein the electromagnetic stirring time and the ultrasonic treatment time in the step 2) are 0.5 to 20 minutes, and the ultrasonic probe is extended into the alloy liquid by 1 to 5cm during the ultrasonic treatment.
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| CN111849399A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-30 | 廖铁仙 | Heat dissipation composition of semiconductor device and preparation method thereof |
| CN112404371A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminum alloy wheel hub semisolid rheoforming slurry preparation and transfer device |
| CN114150170A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 大连交通大学 | Stirring device, stirring method and application for preparing aluminum alloy semi-solid composite slurry |
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