CN110611414A - A hybrid nanogenerator for powering portable and wearable electronics via low-frequency vibration and mechanical shock - Google Patents

Abstract

In this work, we propose a new generator design model for a pentastable hybrid nanogenerator that simultaneously includes electromagnetic, impact piezoelectric, and triboelectric power generation. And utilize contact-separation and sliding modes to power electronic devices under low-frequency vibration or mechanical shock. The impact piezoelectric generator component utilizes an impact-based up-conversion mechanism to improve energy conversion efficiency at low frequency operation. This up-conversion mechanism will be further enhanced by the five-steady-state dynamic behavior, and the energy conversion efficiency of this method is expected to be 20 times higher than that of the traditional method. The surface of the triboelectric nanogenerator component adopts triboelectric material to improve the output performance, and the repulsive force between the magnets can enhance the friction process. The difficulty of this study lies in the design of three different acquisition methods that can effectively work simultaneously under the same mechanical motion. The main goal is to generate significant output power from low-frequency vibration or mechanical shock by optimizing this five-stable structure.

Description

A method for powering portable and wearable electronic devices through low-frequency vibration and mechanical shock electric hybrid nanogenerator

technical field

The invention relates to the field of model design, and proposes a five-steady-state hybrid generator that simultaneously collects electric power through three methods: coil cutting magnetic induction lines, piezoelectric sheet vibration and friction material friction, which greatly improves energy conversion efficiency.

Background technique

With the development of society, people's awareness of environmental protection has begun to strengthen. However, as the main power supply method of equipment, batteries will cause serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, the development of more environmentally friendly power generation methods has become a hot spot for researchers.

As a power supply method, the battery needs to be replaced regularly. Due to the complex structure or poor installation environment of some electronic equipment, it takes a lot of manpower and financial resources to replace it once, resulting in a waste of resources. Therefore, designing a self-powered power supply is the primary goal of saving resources. The energy in nature is inexhaustible, rational use of natural energy and converting it into electrical energy to power equipment has become the first choice.

Nowadays, the collection of energy in nature is mainly based on one method, such as the collection of vibration energy is mainly driven by piezoelectricity, and the vibration energy is converted into electrical energy through the vibration of the piezoelectric sheet. However, the conversion efficiency is not high. If several collection methods can be designed to work effectively at the same time under the same mechanical motion, the conversion efficiency will be greatly improved, and the natural energy will be utilized to the maximum extent.

When the structure is relatively complex, the processed device is often relatively large in size, which will lead to a series of problems such as bulky equipment and inconvenient portability. Therefore, designing a reasonable structure and gradually miniaturizing the equipment has become the research goal of designers.

When the equipment resonates, the energy conversion efficiency is the highest. However, due to the small bandwidth at the resonance, the applicable range of the device is very small. By adjusting the structure to increase the bandwidth, the conversion efficiency of the device will be greatly increased.

The mechanical properties of today's generators are mainly monostable, and only one frequency will produce main resonance, resulting in high output power. Designing the generator structure and increasing the steady state can make the generator resonate at multiple frequencies, which can generate high power output in different working environments and improve energy conversion efficiency.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to overcome the above deficiencies and obtain higher energy conversion efficiency of the generator, a five-stable hybrid nanogenerator that simultaneously collects energy by three methods including electromagnetic, impact piezoelectric and friction is proposed. First, the generator should be designed to be as small as possible so that it can power portable and wearable electronics under low-frequency vibration and mechanical shock. Secondly, it is necessary to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the generator during operation through the cooperation of the three methods. Then, select the appropriate triboelectric material to improve the output performance. The most important point is that three different acquisition methods are designed to work effectively simultaneously under the same mechanical motion.

(2) Technical solution

In order to make the three collection methods work effectively at the same time, this model uses the contact separation and sliding modes, through the sliding of the magnet to rub against the contact surface and collide with the bracket with the piezoelectric sheet to achieve friction and piezoelectric collection of electricity, and then above the magnet Coils are placed below and below, and the coils are used to cut the magnetic induction lines to realize electromagnetic electricity generation.

A baffle structure is placed at both ends of the magnet. When the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, a large electrical efficiency will be generated instantly. Through theoretical calculation, the size of the baffle is designed to be just the shape and size that can produce a large range of movement of the multi-well. The five-stable characteristics are realized by nonlinear magnetic force and piecewise linear baffle, and the bandwidth is increased.

The friction between the magnet and the contact surface is made of nano-structured polytetrafluoroethylene, nano-grass aluminum and nano-porous aluminum to improve the output performance, and the friction process is enhanced by the repulsion between the magnets

(3) Patent advantages

1. The present invention simultaneously collects electric power by three methods of coil cutting magnetic induction lines, piezoelectric sheet vibration and friction material friction, which greatly improves the energy conversion efficiency.

2. This model is small in size and wide in bandwidth, and can be applied to a wide range of vibration frequencies.

3. The impact piezoelectric generator component will use the impact-based up-conversion mechanism to improve the energy conversion efficiency at low frequency operation and reduce the overall volume of the device.

4. The five steady-state dynamic behavior strengthens the up-conversion conversion mechanism. Compared with the traditional up-conversion conversion mechanism, the energy conversion efficiency of this method is expected to increase by 20 times.

5. The repulsion between the magnets strengthens the friction process and improves the energy conversion efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a model diagram of a low-frequency vibration-driven hybrid nanogenerator.

Figure 2 shows the main dimensions of the hybrid nanogenerator.

Detailed ways

This paper proposes a five-stable hybrid generator that simultaneously collects power by three methods: coil cutting magnetic induction lines, piezoelectric sheet vibration and friction material friction, as shown in Figure 1. First, prepare a suitable plastic case as the outer structure of the generator. Then put two permanent magnets in the plastic shell as mass blocks, and the magnets can slide left and right for friction on the contact surface and impact collision with the baffle. Fix the aluminum electrode on the surface of the sliding magnet, and fix the polytetrafluoroethylene and copper electrodes on the side wall to collect the electricity generated when the magnet rubs against the contact surface. Piezoelectric baffles are installed on both sides of the sliding magnet. After the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, the piezoelectric sheet will bend. According to the performance of the piezoelectric sheet, the piezoelectric sheet will generate a certain amount of electricity after bending. Finally, the coil is fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hybrid generator. When the magnet slides, the coil will cut the magnetic induction line to generate electricity. The electricity collected by the three methods is stored for power generation of electronic equipment. The dimensions of the final assembled body are shown in Figure 2. Experiments show that the hybrid nanogenerator is expected to generate an output power of 5 mW through vibrations induced by the human body, such as shaking hands, walking and jogging. Due to the small size of the hybrid nanogenerator, the power density of the device can reach 536.5W/m ³ .

Claims (4)

1. The invention relates to the field of model design, and provides a pentastatic hybrid generator which simultaneously acquires electric quantity by three methods of cutting a magnetic induction line by a coil, vibrating a piezoelectric plate and rubbing a friction material.

2. Baffle structures are arranged at two ends of the magnet, and when the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, great electric efficiency can be generated instantly. The baffle plate is designed into a shape and size which can just generate the large-range movement of the multiple traps through theoretical calculation. The pentastatic characteristic is realized through the nonlinear magnetic force and the piecewise linear baffle, the bandwidth is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.

3. Baffle structures are arranged at two ends of the magnet, and when the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, great electric efficiency can be generated instantly. The baffle plate is designed into a shape and size which can just generate the large-range movement of the multiple traps through theoretical calculation. The pentastatic characteristic is realized through the nonlinear magnetic force and the piecewise linear baffle, the bandwidth is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.

4. In order to improve the output performance, the friction part between the magnet and the contact surface is made of friction electricity generating materials such as nano-structure polytetrafluoroethylene, nano-grass aluminum, nano-porous aluminum and the like, and the friction process is enhanced through the repulsion force between the magnets.