CN110601651A - Sunlight tracking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solar light tracking mechanism and relates to the field of mechanism design. There is a grooved base on the fixed bottom plate, along the horizontal bottom surface inside the grooved base, there is a slide rail matched with the slider, and the outer side of the grooved base is provided with a stepping motor output shaft passing through the groove wall and passing through the joint. The shaft device is fixedly connected with one end of the leading screw. The lower surface of the screw nut is solidified with the upper surface of the slider, the upper surface of the screw nut is fixed with the bottom of the U-shaped block, the connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod is provided with a lower through hole, and the middle and upper part is provided with a positioning hole with a shaft center Ring, the middle part of the rotating shaft is interference fit with the central hole of the positioning ring; the upper end surface of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the middle supporting plate by bolts; two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic supporting plate are provided with two concave A hinged head is hinged with the convex hinged head through pins; the bottom of the linear motor is hinged with the base of the linear motor through pins.

Description

A solar tracking mechanism

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of mechanism design.

Background technique

As the world's energy shortage continues to intensify, solar energy harvesting has become a popular direction at present. In order to improve the efficiency of solar energy harvesting, solar tracking mechanisms have also received more and more attention. The solar light tracking mechanism adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time to ensure that it receives sunlight at an optimal angle at all times, so as to improve the efficiency of solar power generation and ultimately increase the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic panel per unit area.

According to the search, there are related solar tracking devices at present, such as the Chinese patent application number: 201910263984.5, which is a Chinese invention patent named "An Adjustable High Efficiency Solar Photovoltaic Support". The device includes a lighting support unit and an angle tracking unit, including The double-axis rotary reducer is used to adjust the pitch angle and horizontal angle, and the support unit, and the double-axis rotary reducer is installed between the support unit and the daylighting support unit. The structure size of the device is large, and the single-axis support leads to poor reliability of the overall structure, which reduces the practicability of the dual-axis tracking mechanism.

Another example is the Chinese invention patent with the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN105471320A titled "An Adjustable High-efficiency Solar Photovoltaic Support", which is characterized in that the device consists of a fixed base, an electrical box, a first motor, a support rod and a hydraulic cylinder. , through the combined use of the hydraulic system and the motor to realize the dual-axis photovoltaic tracking of the system. This device has the following defects. Firstly, the overall system is relatively complicated, the system volume is large, and installation is inconvenient. Secondly, a hydraulic system is used to realize the tracking function. The overall technical economy is relatively poor, and the practical value is low.

In view of the situation of the above-mentioned solar tracking device, it is necessary to develop a simple structure, safe and reliable solar tracking device.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a solar light tracking mechanism, which can effectively solve the problem of low energy collection efficiency of solar panels.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a solar tracking mechanism, including a fixed base plate, a stepping motor and a steering mechanism, the fixed base plate is provided with a groove-shaped base with vertical walls at both ends, and the groove-shaped There are supporting seats on both sides of the middle part of the base, slide rails are provided along the horizontal bottom surface inside the groove-shaped base, and a reversed groove is provided in the middle of the bottom of the slider, and the grooves are in clearance with the surface of the slide rails; the grooves The outside of the vertical wall on one side of the type base is provided with a stepping motor, the output shaft of the stepping motor passes through the vertical wall and is fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw through a coupling, and the other end of the lead screw is connected with the groove type through a bearing. The vertical wall on the other side of the base is fixed; the lead screw is matched with the lead screw nut, the lower surface of the lead screw nut is consolidated with the upper surface of the slider, the upper surface of the lead screw nut is fixed with the bottom of the U-shaped block, and the U-shaped block The top is provided with a square connection plate with screw holes, the connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod is provided with a lower through hole, along the inner walls of both sides of the V-shaped connecting rod are provided with facing grooves, and the middle and upper parts of the facing grooves are provided with belt shafts. The positioning ring of the center hole, the middle part of the rotating shaft is interference fit with the center hole of the positioning ring shaft; the lower through hole is interference fit with the middle part of the push rod, and the two ends of the push rod are in contact with the elongated through holes on both sides of the U-shaped block Clearance fit; the two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed with the bearing seat on the upper part of the support seat through deep groove ball bearings; the upper end surface of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the middle support plate through bolts; the middle support plate is opposite, And on both sides perpendicular to the rotating shaft, there are two convex joints on one side, and a linear motor base on the other side, which are distributed on the edge of the middle support plate in a triangular shape; on the opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate, there are two The first concave hinge is hinged with the convex hinge by a pin; the other side is provided with a second concave hinge, the top of the linear motor is hinged with the second concave hinge by a pin, and the bottom of the linear motor is hinged by a pin and The base of the linear motor is hinged.

The support seat is located on both sides of the middle part of the groove base, and is fixedly connected with the fixed bottom plate by bolts.

When the sun rises, the clock chip sends an electrical signal to the control unit every 15 minutes. When the angle of sunlight changes, the control unit controls the stepper motor to start working, driving the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw nut matched with the lead screw starts to work. Make a linear motion along the direction of the slide rail, in which the slider and the slide rail play a guiding role, and then drive the U-shaped block to move linearly and push the push rod to move. At this time, the push rod drives the V-shaped connecting rod to rotate around the rotating shaft, driving the middle support plate and The photovoltaic support plate rotates around the rotation axis to realize the function of single-axis tracking the angle change of sunlight. At the same time, the control unit simultaneously controls the linear motor to start working, and the linear motor starts to expand and contract, pushing the photovoltaic support plate to rotate around the two hinges, thereby realizing the function of dual-axis solar tracking.

After the sun sets, the clock chip sends an electrical signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the stepping motor and the linear motor to perform a reset action to realize the reset of the mechanism.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention realizes the dual-axis rotation of the solar panel by combining the principle of leverage and linear motor drive. Its structure is simple and compact, easy to manufacture and install, and has high stability.

2. The present invention is driven by a stepper motor and a linear motor, which is easy to control, low in cost and high in control precision.

3. The mechanism is mainly based on mechanical structure and has few electronic components, so the mechanism has high reliability, low cost, and low repair and maintenance costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the lever adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the limit position of the lever steering mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the steering mechanism of the linear motor of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod mechanism of the lever steering mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the control part in the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail: a solar tracking mechanism, including a fixed base plate 5, a stepping motor 6 and a steering mechanism, the fixed base plate 5 is provided with a grooved base 16, Both sides of the middle part of the trough base 16 are respectively provided with supporting seats 4, along the horizontal bottom surface of the inside of the trough base 16, a slide rail 12 is provided, and in the middle of the bottom of the slide block 14 is provided with a reversed groove. The surface of the slide rail 12 is clearance fit; the outside of the vertical wall on one side of the groove base 16 is provided with a stepper motor 6, and the output shaft of the stepper motor 6 passes through the vertical wall and is fixed to one end of the lead screw 13 by a coupling. The other end of the lead screw 13 is fixed to the vertical wall on the other side of the groove base 16 through the bearing; the lead screw 13 cooperates with the lead screw nut 15, the lower surface of the lead screw nut 15 is consolidated with the upper surface of the slider 14, The upper surface of the screw nut 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped block 10, and the lugs on both sides of the U-shaped block 10 are provided with coaxial elongated through holes; the top of the V-shaped connecting rod 7 is provided with a screw hole A square connecting plate, the connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod 7 is provided with a lower through hole, and the middle and upper part is provided with a positioning ring with a central hole, and the middle part of the rotating shaft 8 is interference fit with the central hole of the positioning ring; The hole is in interference fit with the middle part of the push rod 11, and the two ends of the push rod 11 are in clearance fit with the elongated through holes on both sides of the U-shaped block 10; The bearing seat is fixed with the bearing seat; the upper end surface of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected with the middle support plate 3 by bolts; the two sides of the middle support plate 3 opposite and perpendicular to the rotating shaft 8 are provided with two convex Shape hinge joint 19, the other side is provided with a linear motor base 18, they are triangularly distributed on the edge of middle layer support board 3; Photovoltaic support board 1 bottom relative two sides, one side is provided with two concave joint joints-20, and with Described convex joint 19 is hinged by pin 21; The other side is provided with a concave joint 2 17, and the top of linear motor 2 is hinged with concave joint 2 17 by pin 21, and the bottom of linear motor 2 is connected by pin 21 and The linear motor base 18 is hinged.

The support base 4 is located on both sides of the middle part of the grooved base 16, and is fixedly connected with the fixed bottom plate 5 by bolts.

The photovoltaic tracking mechanism uses the indoor clock chip to cooperate with the wireless remote control of the control system to perform photovoltaic tracking movement.

Work process and working principle of the present invention:

When the sun rises, the clock chip sends an electrical signal to the control unit every 15 minutes. When the sunlight angle changes, the control unit controls the stepper motor 6 to start working, driving the lead screw 13 to rotate, and the lead screw 13 cooperates with the lead screw 13 to rotate. The lever nut 15 starts to move linearly along the direction of the slide rail 12, wherein the slide block 14 and the slide rail 12 play a guiding role, and then drives the U-shaped block 10 to move in a straight line, and pushes the push rod 11 to move. At this time, the push rod 11 drives the V-shaped connecting rod. The rod 7 rotates around the rotation axis 8, driving the middle support plate 3 and the photovoltaic support plate 1 to rotate around the rotation axis 8, realizing the function of single-axis tracking the angle change of sunlight. At the same time, the control unit simultaneously controls the linear motor 2 to start working, the linear motor 2 starts to expand and contract, and pushes the photovoltaic support plate 1 to rotate around the two hinges, thereby realizing the function of biaxial sunlight tracking.

After the sun sets, the clock chip sends an electrical signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the stepping motor 6 and the linear motor 2 to perform a reset action to realize mechanism reset.

Claims (2)

1. A solar light tracking mechanism, comprising a fixed base plate (5), a stepper motor (6) and a direction adjustment mechanism, characterized in that: the fixed base plate (5) is provided with a grooved base with vertical walls at both ends (16), the both sides of the middle part of the grooved base (16) are respectively provided with support bases (4), and the horizontal bottom surface along the grooved base (16) inboard is provided with slide rails (12), and the slide block (14) bottom The middle is provided with a reversed groove, and the groove is matched with the surface clearance of the slide rail (12); a stepping motor (6) is arranged on the outside of the vertical wall on one side of the grooved base (16), and the stepping motor (6) ) passes through the vertical wall and is fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw (13) through a coupling, and the other end of the lead screw (13) passes through the groove on the other side of the bearing and the grooved base (16) The wall is fixed; the lead screw (13) cooperates with the lead screw nut (15), the lower surface of the lead screw nut (15) is consolidated with the upper surface of the slider (14), and the upper surface of the lead screw nut (15) is connected with the U-shaped block (10 ) bottom is fixedly connected, and the lugs on both sides of the U-shaped block (10) are provided with coaxial elongated through holes; the top of the V-shaped connecting rod (7) is provided with a square connecting plate with screw holes, and the V-shaped The connecting part at the bottom of the connecting rod (7) is provided with a lower through hole, and the middle and upper part is provided with a positioning ring with a central hole, and the middle part of the rotating shaft (8) is in interference fit with the central hole of the positioning ring; The middle part of the rod (11) has an interference fit, and the two ends of the push rod (11) are in clearance fit with the elongated through holes on both sides of the U-shaped block (10); the two ends of the rotating shaft (8) pass through deep groove ball bearings ( 9) Cooperate and fix with the bearing seat on the upper part of the support seat (4); the upper end surface of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod (7) is fixedly connected with the middle support plate (3) by bolts; the middle support plate (3) is opposite , and on both sides perpendicular to the rotating shaft (8), one side is provided with two convex joints (19), and the other side is provided with a linear motor base (18), which are distributed in a triangular shape on the edge of the middle support plate (3); On the two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate (1), one side is provided with two concave hinge joints one (20), and is hinged with the convex hinge joint (19) by pins (21); the other side is provided with a concave joint Joint two (17), the top of the linear motor (2) is hinged with the concave hinge joint two (17) through pins (21), and the bottom of the linear motor (2) is hinged with the base of the linear motor (18) through pins (21) . 2. A solar tracking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support seat (4) is located on both sides of the middle of the groove-shaped base (16), and is fixedly connected to the fixed base plate (5) by bolts .