Capacity-expanding film coating process for polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery piece processing, and particularly relates to a capacity-expanding coating process of an antireflection film of a polycrystalline solar battery.
Background
The cost of photovoltaic power generation is too high, so that the photovoltaic power generation still cannot replace traditional energy, and the key that the photovoltaic industry can gradually replace the traditional energy is to reduce the cost and improve the conversion efficiency of the solar cell. At present, photovoltaic power generation products in the market mainly use polycrystalline solar cell modules, and the key for reducing the cost of the polycrystalline solar cells and improving the conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline cells is cost reduction.
The polycrystalline silicon is subjected to texturing by adopting a hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid system to prepare a micron-sized worm-shaped structure, and the surface reflectivity of the textured polycrystalline silicon wafer is controlled to be about 22-24%.
However, with photovoltaic power generation, the production and processing of the battery pieces are difficult to break through the limitation, in the traditional battery piece coating process, 240 pieces per boat are fewer in the total coating processing quantity in one day, the requirement of yield cannot be met, in the traditional coating process, the color of the battery pieces is easy to generate color difference, and the rejection rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a capacity expansion coating process of a polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, and solves the problems of low processing efficiency and large chromatic aberration.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a capacity expansion coating process of an antireflection film of a polycrystalline solar cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, heating five temperature zones of the film coating chamber, and then filling N into the film coating chamber2Purging, namely placing the battery piece into a graphite boat after texturing, placing the graphite boat into a coating chamber, and heating the battery piece for 60 s;
s2, keeping the coating chamber at normal pressure, adjusting the temperature back to the temperature required by the process, continuously heating for 500S, keeping the temperature of the five temperature zones, and then evacuating the coating chamber to form a vacuum state;
s3, introducing NH into the film coating chamber3,NH3The flow is 7000sccm, the pressure in the coating chamber is increased after 300s, the pressure of the coating chamber is increased to 310Pa and is kept for 10s, and then NH is introduced into the coating chamber simultaneously3、SiH4Introducing SiH4The flow rate is 1600sccm, NH is introduced3Flow 7000sccm in NH3、SiH4Starting the radio frequency transmitter after 20s is introduced, wherein the power is 11250w, and at the moment, the pressure in the film coating chamber is 1600Pa, so that a first film is formed on the surface of the battery piece;
s4, turning off the radio frequency emitter and continuously introducing NH3、SiH4Introduction of NH3The flow rate is 8500sccm, SiH is introduced4The flow rate is 800sccm, the preparation for stabilizing the second layer film is carried out, the duration is 640s, the pressure in the film coating chamber is increased to 1600Pa, wherein NH is introduced3、SiH4After 10s, the RF transmitter is started at 13250w to make the first layer of the cell sheetForming a second layer film on the surface of the film;
s5, evacuating and filling N into the film coating chamber2Purging;
and S6, taking out the boat.
The ratio of silicon ammonia is the ratio of silane and ammonia.
In the capacity-expanding coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, the temperature of the five temperature zones is 575 ℃, 550 ℃, 565 ℃, 570 ℃ and 510 ℃ in sequence along the preset direction.
575 ℃ is the inlet temperature of the coating chamber. The temperature required by the process is 575 ℃, 550 ℃, 565 ℃, 570 ℃ and 510 ℃.
In the capacity expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, the number of the graphite boat pages is 27, and the distance between adjacent boat pages is 1.7 cm.
In the expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, the thickness of the first layer is 30 micrometers, and the thickness of the second layer is 50 micrometers.
In the expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, the first film and the second film are both silicon nitride films.
In the expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, N is filled into the coating cavity when the coating cavity is pressurized2And (4) pressurizing.
In the expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, when the first layer of film is coated, the ratio of ammonia to silicon in the coating cavity is 4.375: 1.
in the expansion coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, when the second film is coated, the proportion of ammonia silicon in the coating cavity is 10.625: 1.
in the dilatation coating process of the polycrystalline solar cell antireflection film, the ratio of the total amount of the silicon ammonia when the first layer of film is coated to the total amount of the silicon ammonia when the second layer of film is coated is 1: 2.248. the above is a volume ratio under a standard air pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. expand from conventional 240pcs of a boat and produce to a boat 460pcs, the length of extension graphite boat changes original 6 check boat pages into 8 check boat pages, changes the length of electrode bar into short further, makes the graphite boat can put in the central position of coating film cavity as far as possible, makes things convenient for better control temperature to adjust every warm area according to actual conditions, in order to adapt to the demand of big boat.
2. Changing the gas atmosphere during film coating, improving the radio frequency power, shortening the process time and achieving the purpose of increasing the yield.
3. Through temperature and gas atmosphere adjustment, the problem of color difference of the surface of the battery piece is reduced, and the rejection rate is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a process for expanding and coating an antireflection film of a polycrystalline solar cell includes the following steps:
s1, heating five temperature zones of the film coating chamber, and then filling N into the film coating chamber2Purging, namely placing the battery piece into a graphite boat after texturing, placing the graphite boat into a coating chamber, and heating the battery piece for 60 s;
s2, keeping the coating chamber at normal pressure, adjusting the temperature back to the temperature required by the process, continuously heating for 500S, keeping the temperature of the five temperature zones, and then evacuating the coating chamber to form a vacuum state;
s3, introducing NH into the film coating chamber3,NH3The flow is 7000sccm, the pressure in the coating chamber is increased after 300s, the pressure of the coating chamber is increased to 310Pa and is kept for 10s, and then NH is introduced into the coating chamber simultaneously3、SiH4Introducing SiH4The flow rate is 1600sccm, NH is introduced3Flow 7000sccm in NH3、SiH4Starting the radio frequency transmitter after 20s is introduced, wherein the power is 11250w, and at the moment, the pressure in the film coating chamber is 1600Pa, so that a first film is formed on the surface of the battery piece;
s4, turning off the radio frequency emitter and continuously introducing NH3、SiH4Introduction of NH3The flow rate is 8500sccm, SiH is introduced4The flow rate is 800sccm, the preparation for stabilizing the second layer film is carried out, the duration is 640s, the pressure in the film coating chamber is increased to 1600Pa, wherein NH is introduced3、SiH4After 10s, starting the radio frequency transmitter with power of 13250w to form a second film on the surface of the first film of the battery piece;
s5, evacuating and filling N into the film coating chamber2Purging;
and S6, taking out the boat.
The ratio of silicon ammonia is the ratio of silane and ammonia.
Specifically, the temperature of the five temperature zones is 575 ℃, 550 ℃, 565 ℃, 570 ℃ and 510 ℃ along the preset direction in sequence.
575 ℃ is the inlet temperature of the coating chamber. The temperature required by the process is 575 ℃, 550 ℃, 565 ℃, 570 ℃ and 510 ℃.
Specifically, the number of the graphite boat pages is 27, and the distance between adjacent boat pages is 1.7 cm.
Specifically, the first layer was 30 μm thick and the second layer was 50 μm thick.
Specifically, the first film and the second film are both silicon nitride films.
Specifically, when the film coating chamber is pressurized, N is filled into the film coating chamber2And (4) pressurizing.
Specifically, when the first layer of film is plated, the ratio of ammonia to silicon in the plating chamber is 4.375: 1.
specifically, when the second layer of film is plated, the ratio of ammonia to silicon in the plating chamber is 10.625: 1.
specifically, the ratio of the total amount of the silicon ammonia when the first layer of film is plated to the total amount of the silicon ammonia when the second layer of film is plated is 1: 2.248.
the above components are all standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and the structure and principle thereof can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through routine experiments.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.