CN110587464A

CN110587464A - Polishing grinding tool, polishing device containing polishing grinding tool and polishing method

Info

Publication number: CN110587464A
Application number: CN201910962863.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李二虎
Original assignee: Lansi Technology (changsha) Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lansi Technology (changsha) Co Ltd; Lens Technology Changsha Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-11
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The invention provides a polishing device which comprises a rotary base, a polishing grinding tool, a positioning jig and a swinging mechanism, wherein the polishing grinding tool is arranged on the rotary base, the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool faces upwards, a spiral groove and a clearance groove positioned in the center of the spiral groove are arranged on the polishing surface, the positioning jig is positioned above the polishing grinding tool and comprises a vertical ejector rod and a product placing table which can be rotatably arranged at the lower end of the ejector rod, the positioning jig is matched with a pressure load mechanism to tightly press a product on the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool, the swinging mechanism comprises a power source and a double-crank mechanism, one end of the double-crank mechanism is connected with the power source, and the other end of the double-crank; the invention also provides a polishing method by using the device, which realizes that the surface to be processed of the product does 360-degree self-rotation motion and periodic circular motion on the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool by matching the rotary base and the double-crank mechanism, thereby ensuring that all parts of the product are uniformly polished and the polishing surface is uniformly worn.

Description

Polishing grinding tool, polishing device containing polishing grinding tool and polishing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of polishing of ceramic, gem and glass materials, in particular to a polishing abrasive tool, a polishing device containing the polishing abrasive tool and a polishing method for processing a ceramic product by using the polishing device.

Background

With the development of science and technology, materials such as ceramics, gems, glass and the like are widely applied, and corresponding processing technologies are continuously innovated in order to meet the requirements of different industries on the materials. At present, when the surface of a product is polished, the most used method is to polish by matching a brush with polishing solution, but the method is more suitable for products with common structures such as large plane, and products with special structures such as step surfaces, concave-convex surfaces and chamfered edges have the problems of low polishing efficiency and poor polishing effect, and the defects of over-polishing collapse or incomplete polishing and the like are easily generated in the process of polishing the step surfaces, the concave-convex surfaces and the chamfered edges by using the brush.

This is due to: 1. the brush is soft material, and its effort that produces on the product surface can change because of the change of self compression extrusion degree to lead to containing the product of dysmorphism structures such as step face, concave-convex face to have the inhomogeneous problem of structural pressure, make the product can't realize the even polishing in every department. 2. Even if the appearance of the brush is designed into a convex surface, a concave surface or other corresponding special-shaped structures, the brush made of soft materials can generate obvious deformation once being extruded, and the problem of polishing caused by uneven structural pressure can still not be solved.

Therefore, in order to achieve a good processing effect, it is preferable to use a polishing grinding tool made of a hard material, and when the polishing grinding tool is used, since the polishing surface of the grinding tool is matched and attached with the processing surface of the product, the stress of the attachment position at each point can be ensured to be uniform, so that a product with uniform polishing can be obtained.

However, this type of polishing abrasive tool also has the following problems: the traditional hard polishing tool has the phenomena that the edge part is abraded quickly and the middle part is abraded slowly due to high edge linear speed and low middle linear speed, and the difference of the abrasion degrees of the polishing tool at different positions can cause poor uniformity of processed products, so that the service life of a grinding tool is prolonged, and the processing quality of the grinding tool is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a polishing device and a polishing method which are suitable for processing products with non-planar structures, uniform abrasion of a grinding tool and good processing quality, and solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a polishing grinding tool which comprises an upward polishing surface, wherein a spiral groove and a clearance groove are arranged on the polishing surface, and the clearance groove is positioned in the center of the spiral groove. The polishing surface is a resin copper grinding head, and the resin copper grinding head is prepared by dry pressing and molding a resin copper blank material formed by mixing copper powder, diamond particles, a resin adhesive and water, firing at a high temperature and carrying out CNC (computer numerical control) processing.

Preferably, the width of the spiral groove is 0.2-3 mm, the depth of the spiral groove is 0.2-5 mm, and the distance between adjacent grooves is 0.2-5 mm.

Preferably, the clearance groove is a circular groove, and the diameter of the circular groove is 3-25 mm, and the depth of the circular groove is 0.2-5 mm.

Preferably, the working surface of the polishing surface is in any one of a planar structure, a concave structure or a convex structure.

The invention also provides a polishing device which comprises a rotating base, a positioning jig and any one of the polishing grinding tools, wherein the polishing grinding tool is fixedly arranged on the rotating base and rotates in a plane along with the rotating base, and the positioning jig is positioned above the polishing grinding tool and is used for realizing the attachment of the surface to be processed of the product and the polished surface.

Preferably, the positioning jig comprises a vertically arranged ejector rod and a product placing table positioned at the lower end of the ejector rod, and the lower end of the ejector rod is connected with the product placing table in a rotating mode.

Preferably, the lower bottom surface structure of the product placing table is correspondingly designed according to the structure of a product to be processed; under the pressure effect of ejector pin, the product is pressed and is put below the platform is placed to the product, and the product is placed between the platform through the recess and the protruding structure of mutual matching and is realized the two fixed position in the three direction of X/Y/Z between the platform, and it is relatively fixed to guarantee to place the platform linkage and position with the product during processing to prevent the product roll-off.

Preferably, burnishing device still includes the swing mechanism who sets up with the linkage of positioning jig, swing mechanism includes power supply and double crank mechanism, the power supply is connected to double crank mechanism's one end and the other end is connected positioning jig, through double crank mechanism drives the product and places the platform and the product on it and is periodic horizontal circular motion on the polishing surface of polishing grinding apparatus, and then realizes that the product treats 360 even polishing of processing face and polishing surface wearing and tearing are even.

Preferably, the double-crank mechanism is horizontally arranged and comprises a connecting rod, a transmission part and a guide part, the transmission part is driven by a power source to periodically rotate, one end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the transmission part, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the ejector rod, and the guide part is located between the transmission part and the ejector rod and movably connected with the connecting rod.

Preferably, the transmission part is a transmission rod or a transmission wheel; the guide part is a guide rod or a guide wheel or a guide groove.

Specifically, the driving medium makes crank circular motion under the power supply drives, and then places the platform through connecting rod, guide, ejector pin and product and drive the product in step and do periodic circular motion on the polished surface of grinding apparatus, and the product produces 360 periodic displacements for the grinding apparatus with the point as the center, and this can effectively avoid the product only to operate in certain fixed area of grinding apparatus, has ensured that the wearing and tearing of each position of grinding apparatus are even, has improved the life of grinding apparatus, machining efficiency and the processingquality of product.

Preferably, the polishing device further comprises a pressure loading mechanism, and the pressure loading mechanism applies a vertically downward acting force to the product through the positioning jig, so that the product is ensured to be pressed on the polishing grinding tool all the time in the polishing process.

The invention also provides a polishing method using the polishing device, which comprises the following steps:

1) fixing the product on a product placing table, and enabling the surface to be processed of the product to face downwards and to be in contact with or be opposite to the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool;

2) the product is tightly pressed on the polishing grinding tool through the ejector rod;

3) starting a power source of the rotary base to drive the polishing grinding tool to rotationally polish the surface to be processed of the product, starting a power source of the swing mechanism, driving the product to synchronously perform periodic horizontal circular motion on the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool through the double-crank mechanism and the positioning jig, and spraying polishing solution at the polishing position;

4) and stopping the operation after polishing is finished, and taking down the processed product.

The technical scheme provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

1. the polishing grinding tool is suitable for polishing products with special structures such as step surfaces, concave-convex surfaces, chamfered edges and the like, and effectively avoids the problems of over-polishing collapse or impermissible polishing in the traditional brush polishing method; the polishing grinding tool can correspondingly design the polishing surface into various forms such as a plane, a concave surface or a convex surface according to the characteristics of the surface to be processed of the product, has a simple structure, good processing effect, easy popularization and realization and great application value.

2. The polishing grinding tool is provided with the spiral groove and the clearance groove on the polishing surface, so that the polishing grinding tool can play a role in chip removal and auxiliary polishing in the processing process, and the linear velocity difference of an inner area and an outer area is reduced to a certain extent, so that the grinding tool is uniformly abraded, the service life of the grinding tool is prolonged, and the processing quality of a product is improved; meanwhile, the spiral groove and the clearance groove can also be used for storing falling diamond polishing solution, so that the effects of auxiliary grinding, lubrication and cooling are achieved in the machining process, the spraying amount of the polishing solution is effectively reduced, and the production cost is greatly reduced.

3. The polishing device realizes that the product is driven by the polishing grinding tool to rotate 360 degrees in the polishing process by arranging the rotatable product placing table, ensures that a to-be-processed surface of the product is always attached to the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool by arranging the pressure load mechanism, and enables the product to perform periodic circular motion in the horizontal direction (namely displacement in the front and back and the left and right directions) relative to the polishing surface of the polishing grinding tool by arranging the swing mechanism with the double-crank mechanism, so that the uniform abrasion of each part of the polishing grinding tool is ensured, and each position on the product is uniformly polished, thereby ensuring the service life of the polishing grinding tool and the processing quality of the product.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a polishing apparatus comprising a polishing abrasive in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning fixture in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the polishing abrasive article of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of the polishing abrasive article of FIG. 1;

in the figure: the polishing machine comprises a product 01, a polishing grinding tool 1, a polishing surface 11, a spiral groove 12, a clearance groove 13, a rotating base 2, a base motor 21, a first transmission belt 22, a positioning jig 3, a top rod 31, a product placing table 32, a rolling bearing 33, a shaft sleeve 34, a swing mechanism 4, a connecting rod 41, a transmission wheel 42, a vertical rod 43, a swing motor 44, a second transmission belt 45, a guide groove 46 and a pressure loading mechanism 5.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-4, a polishing device comprises a polishing grinding tool 1, a rotating base 2, a positioning fixture 3, a swinging mechanism 4 and a pressure loading mechanism 5.

The polishing grinding tool 1 is similar to a cylinder and comprises an upward polishing surface 11, wherein a spiral groove 12 and a clearance groove 13 are arranged on the polishing surface 11, and the clearance groove 13 is positioned in the center of the spiral groove 12. The width of the spiral groove 12 is 2mm, the depth of the spiral groove is 3mm, and the distance between adjacent grooves is 1 mm; the clearance groove 13 is a circular groove, and the diameter of the circular groove is 15mm and the depth of the circular groove is 3 mm. The polishing surface 11 is a resin copper grinding head and is prepared by dry pressing and molding a resin copper blank material mixed by copper powder, diamond particles, a resin adhesive and water, firing at a high temperature and carrying out CNC (computer numerical control) processing, and in the embodiment, the operation surface of the polishing surface 11 is designed into a plane structure according to the shape of a surface to be processed of a product;

rotating base 2 includes base body, base motor 21 and first drive belt 22, polishing grinding apparatus 1 sets up on base body and realizes fastening connection through the screw thread, base motor 21's output sets up through first drive belt 22 and base body linkage, through base motor 21 drives base body and last polishing grinding apparatus 1 rotates together in the plane.

Positioning jig 3 is located 1 top of polishing grinding apparatus and is used for realizing that the product treats the laminating of machined surface and polished surface 11, positioning jig 3 places platform 32 including the ejector pin 31 of vertical setting and the product that is located ejector pin 31 lower extreme, the lower extreme of ejector pin 31 and product are placed and are adopted the rotary type to be connected between the platform 32.

In this embodiment, the product placing table 32 and the top bar 31 are connected by a bearing. The middle part of the product placing table 32 is embedded with a rolling bearing 33, the central position of the rolling bearing 33 is provided with a shaft sleeve 34 matched with the bearing, the upper end of the shaft sleeve 34 is provided with a groove, and the lower end of the ejector rod 31 is provided with an inverted cone structure or a convex structure matched with the groove on the shaft sleeve.

The swing mechanism 4 includes a connecting rod 41, a transmission member, a vertical rod 43, a power source, a second transmission belt 45 and a guide member. The power supply is swing motor 44, the vertical setting of pole setting 43 and the output linkage setting of lower extreme through second driving belt 45 and swing motor 44, the driving medium set up in the upper end of pole setting 43 just does periodic rotation along with pole setting 43, the one end and the driving medium swing joint (specifically be antifriction bearing formula hinged joint) of connecting rod 41 and the other end and ejector pin 31 fixed connection, the guide be located between driving medium and the ejector pin 31 and with connecting rod 41 swing joint, connecting rod 41, driving medium and guide cooperate and form horizontal double crank mechanism. The swing mechanism 4 and the positioning jig 3 drive the product 01 to do periodic horizontal circular motion on the polishing surface 11 of the polishing grinding tool, so that the to-be-processed surface of the product is uniformly polished by 360 degrees, and the polishing surface is uniformly worn.

In the present embodiment, the transmission member is specifically a transmission wheel 42; said guide is embodied as an annular guide groove 46. The guide groove 46 is arranged below the connecting rod 41, the connecting rod 41 is slidably connected with the guide groove 46 through a sliding block, and the guide groove 46 is used for assisting the guide of the driving wheel 42 when driving the connecting rod 41 to rotate, so that the stable action of the swing mechanism is ensured, and meanwhile, the swing mechanism 4 is supported to a certain degree.

Pressure load mechanism 5 specifically is the cylinder, the output shaft of cylinder sets up with swing mechanism's connecting rod 41 linkage to make the lower extreme of ejector pin 31 and the recess joint of axle sleeve 34 and compress tightly through the vertical decurrent effort of output, thereby ensure that product 01 hugs closely all the time on polishing face 11, drive when polishing grinding apparatus 1 rotates and drive 360 rotations of product simultaneously through frictional force to the product polishing, ensured that every position of product is processed evenly.

The polishing method for processing the product by using the polishing device in the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a polishing grinding tool: mixing copper powder, diamond particles, a resin adhesive and water according to a proportion to prepare a resin copper blank, and sequentially carrying out dry pressing forming, high-temperature firing and CNC (computer numerical control) machining on the blank to obtain a required resin copper grinding head, wherein the resin copper grinding head is arranged on a polishing grinding tool 1 which is approximately cylindrical in shape, and a grinding surface is provided with a spiral groove and a clearance groove;

2) assembling a polishing device: fixing a polishing grinding tool 1 on a rotating base 2, arranging a positioning jig 3 right above the polishing grinding tool 1, and sequentially connecting the positioning jig 3, each part of a swinging mechanism 4 and a pressure load mechanism 5;

3) starting a polishing operation: fixing the product 01 on a product placing table 32, enabling the surface to be processed of the product to face downwards and to be opposite to the polishing surface 11 of the polishing grinding tool up and down, starting a pressure loading mechanism 5 according to a preset pressure, enabling the surface to be processed of the product to be attached to the polishing surface 11, spraying polishing liquid at a polishing operation position, starting a base motor 21 and a swing motor 44, enabling the polishing grinding tool 1 to carry out rotary polishing on the product 01, and simultaneously enabling the product 01 to be driven to synchronously carry out periodic circular motion in the horizontal direction;

In order to embody the advantages of the technical scheme of the present invention, the applicant further sets a plurality of comparative examples relative to example 1, and each example performs polishing operations under the same technical conditions (ceramic products with step surfaces in the same type and batch, diamond polishing solutions in the same type and batch, four-axis polishing machines, rotation speed of 1000rpm, air pressure of 0.2MPa, swing speed of 40rpm, and polishing time of 60s), and the difference parameters and corresponding test results of each example are detailed in table 1.

Watch 1

According to the embodiment, the polishing grinding tool with the periodic swing mechanism and the spiral groove and the clearance groove has the optimal polishing effect far exceeding the performance of the traditional brush polishing method on the product removal amount, the product roughness and the product yield, and the service life of the polishing grinding tool is obviously prolonged.

The polishing surface is provided with a spiral groove, and the spiral direction is the same as the rotation direction of the base; in the product processing process, the actively rotating base drives the product to rotate reversely/clockwise in the same direction under the action of friction force, and meanwhile, the product swings clockwise/anticlockwise relatively under the action of the double-crank mechanism and the ejector rod, so that each position of a polishing surface can be ensured to be used; because the thread groove is a structure which is integrally unified and is uniformly distributed for 360 degrees, the structure, the planeness and the resistance of each position point of the polishing surface where the thread groove is positioned can be ensured not to be changed rapidly, the friction resistance of a product during processing is uniform, and the product and each position of the grinding head are abraded uniformly, so that the whole processing process is ensured to be stable and smooth.

In addition, the polishing solution can be stored in the communicated spiral grooves, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the polishing solution at all positions of the grinding head and the reduction of the spraying amount of the polishing solution; meanwhile, the rolling bearing and the shaft sleeve in the positioning jig are favorable for realizing smooth rotation and smooth processing of the product.

The clearance groove is arranged in the middle of the polishing surface, so that the chip removal effect is good, the linear velocity difference of the inner area and the outer area of the grinding head during polishing is reduced, the abrasion degree of each position of the grinding head is balanced, and the good processing uniformity of a product is ensured.

In conclusion, the polishing device is suitable for polishing step surfaces, concave-convex surfaces and arc-shaped chamfered edges on products such as ceramics, glass and the like, and effectively overcomes the defects of low operation efficiency, high polishing difficulty, poor processing quality, easiness in polishing collapse or non-thorough polishing and the like in the prior art.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any improvement or equivalent replacement directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit and principle of the invention and the contents of the specification and the drawings of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The polishing grinding tool is characterized in that the polishing grinding tool (1) comprises a polishing surface (11) which is arranged upwards, a spiral groove (12) and a clearance groove (13) are formed in the polishing surface (11), and the clearance groove (13) is located in the center of the spiral groove (12).

2. The polishing abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the spiral groove (12) has a groove width of 0.2 to 3mm, a groove depth of 0.2 to 5mm, and a groove pitch of 0.2 to 5 mm; the clearance groove (13) is a circular groove, the diameter of the circular groove is 3-25 mm, and the depth of the circular groove is 0.2-5 mm.

3. The polishing abrasive tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the working surface of the polishing surface (11) is any one of a planar structure, a concave structure or a convex structure.

4. A polishing device is characterized by comprising a rotating base (2), a positioning jig (3) and the polishing grinding tool (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polishing grinding tool (1) is fixedly arranged on the rotating base (2) and rotates in a plane along with the rotating base (2), and the positioning jig (3) is positioned above the polishing grinding tool (1) and is used for realizing the joint of a surface to be processed of a product and a polishing surface (11).

5. The polishing device according to claim 4, wherein the positioning fixture (3) comprises a vertically arranged ejector rod (31) and a product placing table (32) located at the lower end of the ejector rod (31), and the lower end of the ejector rod (31) is rotatably connected with the product placing table (32).

6. The polishing device according to claim 5, further comprising a swing mechanism (4) linked with the positioning fixture (3), wherein the swing mechanism (4) comprises a power source and a double-crank mechanism, one end of the double-crank mechanism is connected with the power source, the other end of the double-crank mechanism is connected with the positioning fixture (3), and the double-crank mechanism drives the product placing table (32) and the products thereon to do periodic horizontal circular motion on the polishing surface (11) of the polishing grinding tool, so that the to-be-processed surface of the product is uniformly polished by 360 degrees and the polishing surface is uniformly worn.

7. The polishing device according to claim 6, wherein the double crank mechanism is horizontally arranged and comprises a connecting rod (41), a transmission member and a guide member, the transmission member is driven by a power source to periodically rotate, one end of the connecting rod (41) is movably connected with the transmission member, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the ejector rod (31), and the guide member is positioned between the transmission member and the ejector rod (31) and movably connected with the connecting rod (41).

8. Polishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the transmission element is in particular a transmission rod or a transmission wheel (42); the guide is embodied as a guide bar or guide wheel or guide groove (46).

9. A polishing device according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising a pressure loading mechanism (5), wherein the pressure loading mechanism (5) directly or indirectly applies a vertically downward force to the product through the positioning fixture (3) to ensure that the product is always pressed against the polishing abrasive tool during the polishing process.

10. A polishing method using the polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) fixing the product (01) on a product placing table (32) to enable the surface to be processed of the product to face downwards and to be in contact with or be opposite to the polishing surface (11) of the polishing grinding tool;

2) the product (01) is tightly pressed on the polishing grinding tool (1) through the ejector rod (3);

3) starting a power source of the rotary base (2) to drive the polishing grinding tool (1) to rotationally polish the surface to be processed of the product (01), starting a power source of the swing mechanism (4), driving the product (01) to synchronously perform periodic horizontal circular motion on a polishing surface (11) of the polishing grinding tool through the double-crank mechanism and the positioning jig (3), and spraying polishing solution at a polishing position;