CN110581194A - A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and specifically discloses a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic glass is provided, and a mounting seat is injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass, and a fixing hole is opened on the mounting seat. The bottom and side walls of the fixing hole are spaced from the photovoltaic glass. set to form a photovoltaic module. The embodiment of the present invention does not use an aluminum frame to encapsulate the photovoltaic glass, and directly injects the mounting seat on the back side of the photovoltaic glass, and opens a fixing hole on the mounting seat, which solves the high production cost of the photovoltaic module due to the use of aluminum frame materials , Occupying a large volume, and at the same time, compared with the aluminum frame photovoltaic module with low production efficiency due to the complicated packaging process, the invention also accelerates the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module through the rapid prototyping characteristics of the injection molding mounting seat.

Description

A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic systems, in particular to a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module.

Background technique

At present, the manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules generally includes seven major processes, namely, cell inspection, cell single-piece welding, cell series welding, stacking, lamination, framing and cleaning. Among them, as shown in Figure 1, tempered glass 11. EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) 12 and crystalline silicon wafer cell strings 13 are stacked and laminated to obtain photovoltaic glass 1, and photovoltaic glass 1 is packaged on a processed aluminum frame and cleaned to form Finished photovoltaic modules. When installing the photovoltaic module, the installation of the photovoltaic module can be completed through the holes on the aluminum frame and the mounting body. However, aluminum is expensive, difficult to form and process, and the encapsulation process with photovoltaic glass is complicated, and the structural shape used to fix photovoltaic glass is complicated, which makes the finished photovoltaic module have problems of high production cost, large footprint and low production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, which solves the problems of high production cost and large occupied volume of the photovoltaic module.

To achieve this purpose, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

Provided is a photovoltaic module manufacturing method, providing photovoltaic glass, injection-molding a mounting seat on the back side of the photovoltaic glass, opening a fixing hole on the mounting seat, the bottom and side walls of the fixing hole are spaced from the photovoltaic glass set to form a photovoltaic module.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, the photovoltaic glass is preheated before the photovoltaic glass is injection-molded to the mounting seat.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, the temperature of the preheating treatment is 30°C to 100°C.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, cooling treatment is performed after the photovoltaic glass is injected into the mounting seat, and the cooling treatment includes cooling with cold air at 15°C to 20°C.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, the mounting seat is injection-molded with thermosetting plastic.

As a preferred solution of the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the mounting base is respectively extended to the edge and the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic glass after injection molding.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, the width of the installation seat on the back side is larger than the extension width of the installation seat on the light receiving surface.

As a preferred solution of the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the installation seat injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass is 2 cm to 3 cm.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, after the photovoltaic glass is injection-molded with the installation seat, a buffer strip is pasted on the edge of the photovoltaic glass.

As a preferred solution of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method, the manufacturing steps of the photovoltaic glass include:

Provide glass, perform frosting treatment on the position where the mounting seat needs to be injection molded, then temper the glass to form toughened glass, and then laminate the toughened glass with EVA and silicon wafer battery strings to form the Said photovoltaic glass.

The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

After the photovoltaic glass is obtained, the process of encapsulating the aluminum frame is not carried out, and the mounting seat is replaced by injection molding on the back side of the photovoltaic glass, and a fixing hole is opened on the mounting seat to form a photovoltaic module, wherein the bottom of the fixing hole on the mounting seat and the The side wall and the photovoltaic glass are arranged at intervals so that the fixing hole does not penetrate the mounting seat and does not touch the photovoltaic glass. The fixing hole can provide fixed positioning when installing the photovoltaic module to achieve the purpose of fixing the photovoltaic module. In addition, the photovoltaic glass is not packaged with an aluminum frame, and the mounting seat is directly injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass, which solves the problems of high production cost and large footprint caused by the use of aluminum frame materials for photovoltaic modules. The complexity of the packaging process leads to low production efficiency of the aluminum frame photovoltaic module. The invention also accelerates the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module through the rapid prototyping characteristics of the injection molding mounting seat.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below according to the drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of photovoltaic glass in the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Photovoltaic glass; 11. Tempered glass; 12. EVA; 13. Crystal silicon wafer battery string;

2. Mounting seat; 21. Fixing hole;

3. Buffer rubber strip.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only the technical solutions of the present invention. Some, but not all, embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

As shown in Figures 2 to 5, Figure 2 is a flowchart of a photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is another embodiment of the present invention The flowchart of the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 2, a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

S101. Provide photovoltaic glass, and inject and mold the mounting seat on the back side of the photovoltaic glass;

S102. A fixing hole is provided on the mounting base, and the bottom and side walls of the fixing hole are spaced apart from the photovoltaic glass to form a photovoltaic module.

Structural composition of photovoltaic modules Referring to Fig. 3, after the photovoltaic glass 1 is obtained in the embodiment of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the process of encapsulating the aluminum frame is no longer carried out, instead, it is replaced by injection molding on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 The forming technology sets the mounting base 2, and opens a fixing hole 21 on the mounting base 2, wherein the bottom and side walls of the fixing hole 21 on the mounting base 2 are spaced from the photovoltaic glass 1, and do not penetrate the mounting base 2 and do not touch the photovoltaic glass. Glass 1, the photovoltaic module formed by the embodiment of the present invention can provide fixed positioning function when installing the photovoltaic module through the fixing hole 21, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the photovoltaic module, while ensuring that the fixing hole 21 with sufficient depth is left for the fixing function , and the fixing holes 21 will not be excessively processed, causing the risk of damaging the photovoltaic glass 1 .

Since the photovoltaic module manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present invention does not use an aluminum frame to encapsulate the photovoltaic glass 1, the mounting seat 2 is directly injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1, and the fixing hole 21 is opened on the mounting seat 2, which solves the problem of photovoltaic Due to the use of aluminum frame materials to encapsulate the frame, the production cost is high and the volume occupied is large. At the same time, compared with the aluminum frame photovoltaic modules in the prior art that have low production efficiency due to the use of complex packaging processes, the embodiment of the present invention adopts The injection molding technology is used to set the installation seat 2 by utilizing the technical characteristics of rapid prototyping, thereby speeding up the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Wherein, the injection-molded mounting seat 2 can form a continuous "□" shape on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1, or the mounting seat 2 can be set at a certain preset distance on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 near the edge. Position, so that the mounting base 2 forms a discontinuous "□" shape on the back side. In addition, the shape of the fixing hole 21 can be a "○" shape, or a geometric shape such as a "△" shape or a "□" shape. In addition, a screw thread can be provided in the fixing hole 21, and a fixing structure such as a card slot or a magnet can also be provided. , the fixing hole 21 can also be a combination of the above multiple geometric shapes, or a combination of the above multiple fixing structures, or even a combination of the above multiple geometric shapes and the above multiple fixing structures, so as to utilize the structural characteristics of the shape to provide corresponding The immobilization effect is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the production and manufacture of photovoltaic modules, the temperature of photovoltaic glass 1 is usually maintained at room temperature. When contacting the photovoltaic glass 1 which is in a normal temperature state and has fast heat transfer, it may cause the plastic in the molten state to harden in advance on the contact surface with the photovoltaic glass 1, destroying the structural shape of the mounting seat 2 after molding, for example, the plastic in the molten state does not If the injection mold is fully filled, it will be hardened in advance, so that there will be air gaps between the mounting seat 2 and the photovoltaic glass 1 and the photovoltaic glass 1 will not fit, resulting in weakened connection strength between the mounting seat 2 and the photovoltaic glass 1, and there is a risk of the mounting seat 2 being peeled off.

In order to increase the connection strength between the mount 2 and the photovoltaic glass 1 , in one embodiment, the photovoltaic glass 1 is preheated before the photovoltaic glass 1 is injection-molded into the mount 2 , so as to prevent the molten plastic from hardening in advance. Wherein, the preheating method of the photovoltaic glass 1 may be preheating by exposing it to sunlight, or placing it in a heating device for preheating, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

The temperature resistance limit of the crystalline silicon cell string 13 in the photovoltaic glass 1 is below 200°C, while the temperature at the feeding place of the injection molding machine is generally between 30°C and 70°C, and the temperature in the barrel is between 75°C and 85°C , while the temperature of the nozzle of the injection molding machine can reach 100°C, in order to reduce the temperature difference between the photovoltaic glass 1 and the plastic in the molten state in the injection molding machine, so as to reduce the cooling and hardening speed of the plastic, in one embodiment, the photovoltaic glass 1 is pre-heated. The heat treatment temperature is between 30° C. and 100° C., and preheating is carried out without damaging the photovoltaic glass 1 and the molten plastic.

After preheating the photovoltaic glass 1, the photovoltaic module is in a high-temperature state, and the injection-molded mounting seat 2 is also in a high-temperature state. In order to speed up the cooling and molding speed of the mounting In another embodiment, after the photovoltaic glass 1 is injected into the mounting seat 2, cooling treatment is performed, wherein the cooling treatment includes cooling with cold air at 15°C to 20°C.

When the high-temperature air encounters a low-temperature environment, the water vapor in the high-temperature air may condense and adhere to the surface of the object in contact with the air. In order to avoid short-circuit accidents caused by the condensed water attached to the formed photovoltaic module, in another embodiment In , the dehumidification process is performed after the photovoltaic module is formed and cooled. The dehumidification treatment may be to pass through dry air at normal temperature again, or to add a dehumidifier, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

Generally speaking, the injection molded mounting base 2 can be made of various plastic materials. However, in order to ensure that the molded mounting base 2 has stronger temperature resistance and greater structural strength, in one embodiment, the mounting base 2 Injection molded from thermosetting plastic. Since thermosetting plastics can soften and flow when heated for the first time, when heated to a certain temperature, a cross-linking reaction will occur and solidify and harden. This change is irreversible. After that, when heated again, it will no longer become soft and flow. characteristics, it can be solidified into a product with a certain shape and size, ensuring that the mounting seat 2 made of thermosetting plastic in the embodiment of the present invention has greater temperature resistance and structural strength than that made of thermoplastic.

When using the photovoltaic module that has been injection-molded on the back side of the mounting seat 2, since the photovoltaic module may be subjected to not only its own gravity but also external forces such as strong winds and impacts in practical applications, it only depends on the backside injection molding of the photovoltaic glass 1 The mounting seat 2 is relatively weak against the above-mentioned external force. Therefore, referring to FIG. 5 , in an example, the mounting seat 2 can be extended to the edge and the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 after injection molding, so that the mounting seat 2 wraps the photovoltaic glass. 1’s backside, edge and light-receiving surface to provide more all-round structural protection.

In addition, the fixing hole 21 on the mounting base 2 can be set at the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 or at the edge, but in order to maximize the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic module to achieve the maximum power generation efficiency, generally not The position of the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 is provided with a fixing hole 21. Therefore, in one embodiment, the width of the mounting seat 2 on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 is greater than the width of the extension of the mounting seat 2 on the light-receiving surface, so as to ensure the light receiving of the photovoltaic glass 1. While the surface is protected by the mounting seat 2, the area occupied by the mounting seat 2 on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic glass 1 can be reduced.

As a preferred embodiment, the fixing hole 21 provided on the mounting base 2 can be a threaded hole, and according to the weight of the photovoltaic module and the load-bearing strength of the photovoltaic module bracket, screws with specifications above M6×12 can be selected. In order to prevent the screws from penetrating through the mount 2 and not touching the photovoltaic glass 1 after installation, in one embodiment, the thickness of the mount 2 injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 is 2 cm to 3 cm. In this embodiment, by setting the mounting base 2 with a certain thickness, enough space can be left on the backside or edge of the photovoltaic glass 1 to set the fixing hole 21, so as to prevent the screws from penetrating through the mounting base 2 or contacting the photovoltaic glass 1 after installation. risk.

During the installation process of photovoltaic modules, collisions between photovoltaic modules will inevitably occur. In order to reduce the damage caused by direct collisions between photovoltaic modules, in one embodiment, after the photovoltaic glass 1 is injected into the mounting seat 2, the The edge of the photovoltaic glass 1 is pasted with a buffer strip 3, which can absorb the collision energy when the photovoltaic module directly collides, thereby reducing the external force on the photovoltaic glass 1 in the photovoltaic module and avoiding damage.

In the manufacture of photovoltaic modules, in order to increase the light transmittance of the tempered glass 11 in the photovoltaic glass 1 as much as possible, the surface of the glass is usually as smooth as possible. But the smooth glass surface is not conducive to the connection between the mounting base 2 and the photovoltaic glass 1 during injection molding. In order to increase the connection strength between the mounting base 2 and the photovoltaic glass 1 injection-molded on the photovoltaic glass 1, in one embodiment, the present invention also A manufacturing step of photovoltaic glass 1 is provided, comprising:

Provide glass, perform frosting treatment on the position where the mounting seat 2 needs to be injection molded, and then temper the glass to form tempered glass 11, and then connect the tempered glass 11 with EVA 12 and crystalline silicon wafer battery string 13 laminated photovoltaic glass 1 .

Since the characteristics of tempered glass 11 do not allow secondary processing such as opening, cutting, and grinding, the embodiment of the present invention performs frosting on the position where the glass needs to be injected into the mounting seat 2 before tempering the glass, and then performs tempering. , not only ensures the rough surface required on the glass when the mounting seat 2 is injected, but also avoids the risk of damaging the tempered glass 11 by processing the tempered glass 11 .

In order to further illustrate the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention, the structural composition of the photovoltaic module is referred to Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention adopts Fig. 4 illustrates the following steps of the photovoltaic module manufacturing method:

S201. Provide glass, frosting the position where the injection molded mounting seat 2 is required on the glass, then tempering the glass to form tempered glass 11, and then laminating the tempered glass 11 with EVA 12 and crystalline silicon wafer battery string 13 to form photovoltaic glass 1;

S202. Perform preheating treatment on the photovoltaic glass 1, the temperature of the preheating treatment is 30°C to 100°C;

S203. Use thermosetting plastic injection molding mounting seat 2 on the back side of photovoltaic glass 1. After injection molding, mounting seat 2 extends to the edge and light-receiving surface of photovoltaic glass 1 respectively. The width of mounting seat 2 on the back side is larger than the mounting seat on the light-receiving surface. 2 The width of the extension, the thickness of the mounting seat 2 injection-molded on the back side of the photovoltaic glass 1 is 2cm to 3cm;

S204. Open a fixing hole 21 on the mounting base 2, and the bottom and side walls of the fixing hole 21 are spaced apart from the photovoltaic glass 1;

S205. Paste the buffer strip 3 on the edge of the photovoltaic glass 1;

S206. Perform cooling treatment on the photovoltaic module, the cooling treatment includes cooling with cold air at 15°C to 20°C;

S207, performing dehumidification treatment on the photovoltaic module.

The technical effect achieved by the above steps is similar to the technical effect achieved by the above embodiment, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

In the description herein, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "up", "down", and "right" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and It is not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, or operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

In the description of this specification, a description referring to the terms "an embodiment", "an example" and the like means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention middle. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above describes the technical principles of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention, and cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation modes of the present invention without creative efforts, and these modes will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module is characterized in that photovoltaic glass is provided, an installation seat is formed on the back side of the photovoltaic glass in an injection molding mode, fixing holes are formed in the installation seat, and the bottom and the side wall of each fixing hole are arranged at intervals with the photovoltaic glass to form the photovoltaic module.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic glass is pre-heated prior to injection molding the mount.

3. The photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the preheating treatment is 30 ℃ to 100 ℃.

4. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein a cooling treatment is performed after the photovoltaic glass is injection-molded on the mount base, and the cooling treatment comprises cooling with cold air at 15 ℃ to 20 ℃.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mounting block is injection molded from a thermoset plastic.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mounting base extends to the edge and the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic glass after injection molding.

7. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein a width of the mount on the back side is larger than a width of the mount on the light receiving surface.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mount of the backside injection molded photovoltaic glass has a thickness of 2cm to 3 cm.

9. the method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a cushion rubber strip is adhered to the edge of the photovoltaic glass after the photovoltaic glass is injection-molded with the mounting seat.

10. The photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the photovoltaic glass manufacturing step includes:

and providing glass, performing frosting treatment on the position of the mounting seat, performing toughening treatment on the glass to form toughened glass, and laminating the toughened glass, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) and a crystal silicon wafer battery string to form the photovoltaic glass.