CN110561784A - Autoclave molding method for double-sided smooth composite material - Google Patents
Autoclave molding method for double-sided smooth composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110561784A CN110561784A CN201910827726.5A CN201910827726A CN110561784A CN 110561784 A CN110561784 A CN 110561784A CN 201910827726 A CN201910827726 A CN 201910827726A CN 110561784 A CN110561784 A CN 110561784A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- smooth
- preform
- composite
- sides
- forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002983 wood substitute Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000311 Fiber-reinforced composite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 layering Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009745 resin transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/681—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/683—Pretreatment of the preformed part, e.g. insert
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/78—Moulding material on one side only of the preformed part
Abstract
the invention discloses an autoclave molding method of a composite material with smooth two sides. According to the autoclave molding method of the composite material with smooth two sides, when autoclave molding is carried out, the online preform is placed on the bag attaching surface of the workpiece, so that on the premise of ensuring the smoothness of the two sides of the product, the defects of pores, poor grease, rich grease and the like in the appearance of the product can be effectively reduced, the accuracy degree of the main wall thickness of the workpiece is improved, and the time cost is greatly saved for the rear-end process.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of autoclave molding of resin-based fiber reinforced composite prepreg, in particular to an autoclave molding method of a composite part with a smooth surface on two sides.
Background
The composite material is more and more widely applied in various fields of aviation, aerospace, rail transit and the like. The composite material, especially the carbon fiber composite material, has attracted high attention of domestic and foreign scholars and related enterprises due to its high specific strength and high specific modulus. At first, due to the requirement on the mechanical property of the carbon fiber composite material, the autoclave molding process is the optimal process for preparing the main bearing structural member. However, with the development of the industry, the defects of the autoclave process are increasingly revealed, which are mainly reflected in the following three points:
(1) Forming a mold: the single-sided die forming process enables the film-sticking surface of the product to be smooth, but the pocket-sticking surface is rough and easily has the defects of glue shortage, fiber bridging, resin enrichment and the like.
(2) The size detection after molding is difficult: generally, the detection reference is fixed on the film surface, and the tolerance ranges of the main wall thickness, the aperture and the like of the detection product are relatively large by sticking the bag surface on the film surface.
(3) The assembly is difficult: if the molding of the workpiece is complex, the assembly process at the rear end is easily affected by poor grease, rich grease and lack of the shape in partial areas.
along with market demands, more and more scientific researchers have conducted a large number of tests on the smoothness improvement of the bag sticking surface of the autoclave product. It is common to prepare a product with smooth two sides by adopting a double-sided die forming process or adding auxiliary materials; however, the above paths all have some technical problems:
(1) RTM process: the technical difficulty is high, the technical state of a finished piece depends on the technical level of operators, various defects are easily generated in the RTM mold filling process, the product quality is good and uneven, and the rejection rate is high;
(2) The compression molding process has the defects of complicated mold manufacturing, large investment on equipment and molds, limited product size by equipment, high product porosity, easy occurrence of pinholes and the like.
(3) rubber flexible auxiliary material: composite materials are used in large quantities in the manufacture of aircraft fuselage structures and in the fabrication of integral unmanned aerial vehicle structures, such as wings, fuselage skins and bulkheads, tail wings, etc., which require a smooth double-sided surface and high dimensional accuracy. The method for improving the surface quality of the bag attaching surface of the autoclave product is mainly characterized in that a layer of Airpad rubber and other flexible materials are added on the surface of the bag attaching surface, but because the rigidity of a rubber soft mold is insufficient, the pressure of a local area is insufficient, so that the defects of dense pores, layering, resin accumulation, fiber wrinkles, shape deviation and the like of an R corner area are caused, the difficulty of later-stage repairing operation is high, and the machining cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the autoclave molding method of the composite material with smooth two sides, which can be used for manufacturing products with smooth two sides.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the autoclave forming method of the composite material with the smooth two sides is provided, when autoclave forming is carried out, an online preform is placed on a bag attaching surface of a workpiece, the online preform is made of carbon fibers, and the online preform is provided with an inner cavity surface matched with the bag attaching surface of the workpiece.
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) processing and forming of the wood substitute mold: selecting a proper wood substitute material, and processing the shape of the bag-attached surface of the product according to a 3D model of the product to manufacture a processed wood substitute mold;
(2) Preparation of an online preform: paving, making and curing the carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the processed wood-substitute mold prepared in the step (1) to form an online preform with a bag-attached surface inner cavity;
(3) Preparation of double-sided smooth parts: finishing a layering process of the workpiece on a product mould according to a layering surface, laying a layer of non-porous isolating membrane on the surface of the workpiece after the layering process is finished, fixing the online preform prepared in the step (2) on the surface of a forming mould, then laying an air-permeable felt and a vacuum bag in sequence, and curing and forming according to a forming process of materials after bag making is finished;
(4) Demolding: and demolding to obtain the product with smooth two sides.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), wood substitute materials with different densities are selected according to the requirements of the final product on the surface smoothness.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the shape of the product facing tape is machined by CNC.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the main wall thickness of the in-line preform is determined according to the complexity of the product, and the higher the complexity of the product, the larger the main wall thickness of the in-line preform.
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the prepared in-line preform is subjected to a grinding treatment on the edge.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the in-line preform is fixed to the surface of the molding die using a pressure sensitive adhesive tape.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the autoclave molding method of the composite material with smooth two sides, when autoclave molding is carried out, the online preform is placed on the bag attaching surface of the workpiece, so that on the premise of ensuring the smoothness of the two sides of the product, the defects of pores, poor grease, rich grease and the like in the appearance of the product can be effectively reduced, the accuracy degree of the main wall thickness of the workpiece is improved, and the time cost is greatly saved for the rear-end process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a two-sided smooth composite article of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wood-substitute mold corresponding to the part shown in FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of in-line preform molding;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a product-forming mold;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the formed product.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention includes:
An autoclave molding method of a composite material with smooth double surfaces comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) processing and forming a wood substitute mold: and selecting wood substitute materials with different densities according to the requirements of the final product on the surface smoothness. And (4) machining the shape of the tape surface of the product by using CNC according to a 3D digital model of the product.
(2) preparing an online preform: and (3) paving, making a bag and curing the surface of the processed wood substitute mold by using carbon fiber prepreg to form an online preform with a bag surface inner cavity, which is detailed in figure 3. Here, the main wall thickness of the in-line preform can be determined according to the complexity of the product of fig. 1, and the higher the complexity of the product, the larger the main wall thickness of the in-line preform should be. The prepared on-line preform should be subjected to edge polishing treatment, so that the subsequent process is not affected.
(3) Preparing a double-sided smooth part: and (3) finishing a layering process of the workpiece on the product mold in fig. 4 according to a layering surface, after the layering process is finished, laying a layer of non-porous isolating membrane on the surface of the workpiece, fixing the online preform prepared in the step (2) on the surface of a forming mold by using a pressure sensitive adhesive tape, and then sequentially laying an air-permeable felt and a vacuum bag, wherein the final state is as shown in fig. 5. And after bag making is finished, curing and forming are carried out according to the material forming process.
(4) Demolding: because the main body of the product and the on-line preform product have a layer of non-porous isolating membrane, the demoulding is very easy. After demolding, a finished product with smooth two sides is obtained, and the online preform can be repeatedly used for multiple times.
compared with the existing autoclave process, the invention provides a composite product with smooth double surfaces manufactured by using a carbon fiber press plate, and the main advantages are embodied in the following aspects:
(1) Forming a mold: as previously investigated and tested, the difference between the molds can cause the difference between the molding processes. Therefore, aiming at the autoclave product, a finished piece with smooth double surfaces is required to be obtained only by putting a wood substitute mold, and then the preparation of the finished piece with smooth double surfaces is completed by using an online preform;
(2) the size of the molded part is as follows: the online preform is used for preparing a finished piece with smooth double surfaces, and the product has high dimensional precision and good process stability. The operation time of later-stage assembly polishing and repairing is reduced.
(3) The use of the online preform replaces the use of flexible rubber and silica gel, and the use of uncured silica gel is avoided in the product forming process from the consideration of the safety coefficient of the product, so that the high-quality workpiece surface is provided for the subsequent processes of gluing, assembling and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the autoclave forming method of the composite material with the smooth two sides is characterized in that when autoclave forming is carried out, an online preform is placed on a bag attaching surface of a workpiece, the online preform is made of carbon fibers, and the online preform is provided with an inner cavity surface matched with the bag attaching surface of the workpiece.
2. The autoclave molding method of the composite material with smooth two sides according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Processing and forming of the wood substitute mold: selecting a proper wood substitute material, and processing the shape of the bag-attached surface of the product according to a 3D model of the product to manufacture a processed wood substitute mold;
(2) preparation of an online preform: paving, making and curing the low-temperature cured carbon fiber prepreg on the surface of the processed wood-substitute mold prepared in the step (1) to form an online preform with a bag-attaching surface inner cavity;
(3) preparation of double-sided smooth parts: finishing a layering process of the workpiece on a product mould according to a layering surface, laying a layer of non-porous isolating membrane on the surface of the workpiece after the layering process is finished, fixing the online preform prepared in the step (2) on the surface of a forming mould, then laying an air-permeable felt and a vacuum bag in sequence, and curing and forming according to a forming process of materials after bag making is finished;
(4) Demolding: and demolding to obtain the product with smooth two sides.
3. the autoclave molding method of composite material with smooth two sides according to claim 2, characterized in that in step (1), wood substitute materials with different densities are selected according to the requirements of the final product on the surface smoothness.
4. the autoclave molding method of two-sided smooth composite material according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the shape of the product facing tape is processed using CNC.
5. The autoclave molding method of double-sided smooth composite material according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the main wall thickness of the in-line preform is determined according to the complexity of the product, and the higher the complexity of the product, the larger the main wall thickness of the in-line preform.
6. The autoclave molding method of composite material with two smooth sides according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the prepared in-line preform is subjected to edge grinding treatment.
7. The autoclave molding method of a composite material with two smooth sides according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the in-line preform is fixed on the surface of the molding die using a pressure sensitive adhesive tape.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112721243A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏集萃复合材料装备研究所有限公司 | Rapid molding process for high-gloss product on surface of resin-based fiber composite material part |
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| CN109703057A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司基础技术研究院 | A kind of composite product autoclave molding technique covering, and preparation method thereof |
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