CN110558033A - Self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester - Google Patents
Self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN110558033A CN110558033A CN201910982686.1A CN201910982686A CN110558033A CN 110558033 A CN110558033 A CN 110558033A CN 201910982686 A CN201910982686 A CN 201910982686A CN 110558033 A CN110558033 A CN 110558033A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251169 Alopias vulpinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/1208—Tanks for grain or chaff
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/127—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/127—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
- A01D41/1271—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow
- A01D41/1272—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow for measuring grain flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/14—Mowing tables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/04—Harvesting of standing crops of rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D47/00—Headers for topping of plants, e.g. stalks with ears
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers
- A01D75/02—Implements for collecting grain crop
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers
- A01D75/28—Control mechanisms for harvesters or mowers when moving on slopes; Devices preventing lateral pull
- A01D75/282—Control mechanisms for harvesters or mowers when moving on slopes; Devices preventing lateral pull acting on the grain cleaning and separating device
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester, wherein a pneumatic conveying device of the self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester comprises a conveying fan, an aggregate funnel, a diversion trench, a first corrugated hose, a second corrugated hose and a cyclone separator, wherein the aggregate funnel, the diversion trench, the first corrugated hose and the second corrugated hose are arranged corresponding to a cleaning device; the air-out end of second bellows is connected with the switching structure that has first discharge gate and second discharge gate, be equipped with the change-over board that is used for switching first discharge gate and second discharge gate in the switching structure, the switching mechanism outside is equipped with the control mechanism who is used for controlling the change-over board position, first discharge gate is connected with its terminal first connecting pipe that corresponds the setting with numerous seed case, the second discharge gate passes through the import intercommunication of second connecting pipe with cyclone, cyclone's export and breeding case subassembly are connected, be equipped with in the breeding case subassembly and survey the apparatus of producing. According to the invention, the harvest of breeding or seed reproduction is realized, and the yield measuring device is arranged in the breeding box assembly, so that the planting data can be collected more conveniently, and a test basis is provided for subsequent work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester.
Background
The plot experiment is a field contrast experiment for the bred crop variety, and is an important link of agricultural crop breeding. The link has long operation period, high precision requirement and high labor intensity. Compared with field harvesting, the harvesting operation of the small-area crops is greatly different: the single cell area is very small; different crop varieties are planted in adjacent cells, and after each cell is harvested, seeds in the machine are cleaned up and then the next cell is harvested, so that the mixing of different varieties is avoided.
At present, most of district test harvests are mainly manual harvests and the segmentation operation mode of threshing of a common thresher, the manual harvest period is long, the farming season is delayed, the working efficiency is low, the indirect loss is large, and the comparability of test data is poor. The common grain harvester has the problems of high seed crushing rate, high loss rate, difficult internal cleaning and large seed residue, and easily causes seed mixing, thus leading to test data distortion.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester which is suitable for breeding, breeding and harvesting.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention comprises a rack, a walking device, a header device, a threshing device, a cleaning device, a pneumatic conveying device, an operation control device and a driving device, wherein the header device comprises a header frame, a left side plate, a right side plate, a divider, a reel, a cutting device, a first conveying device, a feeding auger and a feeding roller;
the pneumatic conveying device comprises a conveying fan, an aggregate funnel, a diversion trench, a first corrugated hose, a second corrugated hose and a cyclone separator, wherein the aggregate funnel, the diversion trench, the first corrugated hose and the second corrugated hose are arranged corresponding to the cleaning device; the aggregate funnel is arranged at the lowest end of the pneumatic conveying device and below the cleaning sieve of the cleaning device; the diversion trench is composed of a bent inlet pipe and an arc-shaped diversion pipe, the bottom end of the inlet pipe is connected with the middle part of the diversion pipe, the lower opening of the collecting hopper is connected with the top end of the inlet pipe, the conveying fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the diversion pipe through a first corrugated pipe, the air outlet end of the diversion pipe is connected with the air inlet end of a second corrugated pipe, the air outlet end of the second corrugated pipe is connected with a switching structure with a first discharge port and a second discharge port, a conversion plate for switching the first discharge port and the second discharge port is arranged in the switching structure, a control mechanism for controlling the position of the conversion plate is arranged outside the switching mechanism, the first discharge port is connected with a first connecting pipe, the tail end of the first connecting pipe is correspondingly arranged with the seed breeding box, the second discharge port is communicated with the inlet of the cyclone separator through a second connecting pipe, and the outlet of the cyclone, the breeding box assembly is internally provided with a production measuring device.
The breeding box assembly comprises a feed hopper, a containing box, a first production testing box, a second production testing box and a breeding bin which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a first partition plate, a second partition plate and a third partition plate, wherein the first partition plate is arranged corresponding to the lower part of the containing box, the second partition plate is arranged corresponding to the lower part of the first production testing box, the third partition plate is arranged corresponding to the lower part of the second production testing box, the first partition plate, the second partition plate and the third partition plate can respectively seal or open the lower parts of the containing box, the first production testing box and the second production testing box, and control oil cylinders are correspondingly arranged on the first partition plate, the second partition plate and the third partition plate respectively; the first survey is installed in the production case and is used for measuring the measuring apparatu of seed moisture and unit weight, the second is surveyed and is produced the incasement and be equipped with the weighing sensor who is used for measuring seed weight, measuring apparatu and weighing sensor's signal output part is connected with the controller electricity respectively, first survey is produced case upper portion and is installed and is used for measuring the altitude sensor of seed height, altitude sensor's signal output part is connected with the controller electricity, the control end and the controller electricity of control hydro-cylinder are connected.
The breeding box assembly is fixedly arranged on the rack through an installation frame; the mounting frame comprises a first laminate, a second laminate, a third laminate, a fourth laminate, a first side plate and a second side plate, wherein the first laminate, the second laminate, the third laminate and the fourth laminate are arranged at intervals from top to bottom, the first side plate and the second side plate are connected into a whole, the lower end of the feed hopper is fixedly arranged on the first laminate, the lower end of the containing box is fixedly arranged on the second laminate, the upper end of the containing box is fixedly arranged on the first laminate, and a first opening is formed in the first laminate and corresponds to the upper part of the containing box; the control oil cylinder of the first clapboard is fixedly arranged on the second laminate; the lower end of the first yield measurement box is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate, the upper end of the first yield measurement box is fixedly arranged on the second layer plate, and a second opening is formed in the second layer plate corresponding to the upper part of the first yield measurement box; the control oil cylinder of the second partition plate is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate; the lower end of the second yield measurement box is fixedly arranged on a fourth layer plate, the upper end of the second yield measurement box is fixedly arranged on a third layer plate, and a third opening is formed in the third layer plate corresponding to the upper part of the second yield measurement box; the control oil cylinder of the third partition plate is fixedly arranged on the fourth laminate; the upper end of the breeding bin is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the fourth layer plate.
the cross section size of feeder hopper, holding box, first survey case, second survey case, breed storehouse all reduces from top to bottom gradually.
The utility model discloses a straw cutting machine, including cutting bench, cutting device, first conveyor, first conveyer, left side board and right side board, cutting bench's both sides are equipped with left side board and right side board respectively, reel is installed on cutting bench adjustably, the divider is two, its front end that sets up at left side board and right side board respectively, cutting device adorns admittedly in cutting bench front end bottom, first conveyor sets up at the cutting device rear side between two parties, the left and right sides of first conveyor is equipped with respectively collects the board, collect the board and set up downwards by the outside to first conveyor incline of curb plate rigid coupling that corresponds, the upper surface that corresponds on left side board and the right side board and collect the board is equipped with a plurality of blast holes along the fore-and-aft direction interval respectively, the blast hole passes through wind channel and first.
The anti-lodging edge protector frame comprises a lower protective plate and an upper protective plate, wherein the two sides of the upper protective plate are recessed to form a ridge shape, the front end of the lower protective plate is upwarped to be in a sledge shape, the front end of the upper protective plate and the front end of the lower protective plate are fixedly connected, the upper protective plate is arranged in a forward backward inclined mode, a clamping plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lower protective plate, a clamping opening for clamping the front end of the edge protector is formed in the clamping plate in a corresponding mode, and a bolt hole is formed in the rear end of the lower protective plate and used for fixedly connecting the edge protector on a mounting plate together through a bolt.
The threshing device comprises a threshing roller, a threshing baffle, a threshing concave plate, a threshing gap adjusting device and a roller rotating speed adjusting device, wherein the wrap angle of the threshing concave plate is 113 degrees, and the separation baffle is arranged above the threshing roller.
By adopting the structure, the anti-lodging edge protection frame can better protect the cutting knife, reduce the failure rate of the cutting knife and improve the service life of the cutting knife; the switching structure that has first discharge gate and second discharge gate is held to air-out at the second bellows setting to can be connected or directly be connected with numerous seed case with breeding case subassembly, realize breeding or the results of numerous seed, be equipped with in the breeding case subassembly and survey the product device, the collection that can be more convenient is planted data, provides experimental foundation for follow-up work.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 1 taken along the longitudinal centerline;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the header device.
Detailed Description
The following description is based on the walking direction of the harvester, and as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester includes a frame, a walking device, a header device, a threshing device, a cleaning device, a pneumatic conveying device, an operation control device and a driving device, wherein the walking device, the cleaning device, the operation control device and the driving device are prior art and are not described herein again.
as shown in fig. 5, the cutting table device comprises a cutting table frame 1, a left side plate 2, a right side plate 3, a divider 4, a reel, a cutting device, a first conveying device, a feeding auger 5 and a feeding roller 6, wherein the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the cutting table frame 1, and the reel is adjustably mounted on the cutting table frame 1. The two ends of a wheel shaft of the reel are respectively fixedly provided with an end plate 24, the upper ends of the two end plates are respectively fixedly provided with a sliding sleeve 25 with a rectangular cross section, each sliding sleeve is respectively sleeved on a sliding rod 26, the rear ends of the two sliding rods are connected into a whole through a connecting rod 27, a cutting table frame 1 is hinged with a lifting oil cylinder 28 corresponding to each sliding rod, the end part of a piston rod of each lifting oil cylinder is hinged with the corresponding sliding rod, the upper surface of each sliding rod is fixedly provided with a push-pull oil cylinder 29, a piston rod of each push-pull oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding sleeve, and the height of the reel and the distance between the reel and a cutting table can be effectively adjusted through the arrangement of the sliding rods, the sliding sleeves, the lifting oil cylinders and. The shifting teeth 30 arranged on the reel are flexible lodging-resistant shifting teeth, a lodging plant can be easily shifted into the cutting table, the shifting teeth can be flexible teeth made of nylon materials, and the shifting teeth are flexible teeth, so that the hardness is small, the damage to seeds is small, the damage rate of the seeds is reduced, and the breeding and seed reproduction yield is improved.
The two grain dividers 4 are respectively arranged at the front ends of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, the cutting device is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the front end of the cutting rack 1, the first conveying device is arranged in the middle of the rear side of the cutting device, in the embodiment, the first conveying device is a conveying belt 31 which is driven by a driving device, the left side and the right side of the first conveying device are respectively provided with a collecting plate 22, the collecting plate 22 is fixedly connected with the corresponding side plate and is obliquely and downwards arranged from the outer side (namely the side connected with the side plate) to the conveying belt side, the upper surfaces of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 corresponding to the collecting plate 22 are respectively provided with a plurality of air supply holes 23 at intervals along the front-back direction, and the air supply holes 23. When the threshing device works, the first air blower is started to send air into the air channel to blow out the air through the air supply hole 23, the air blows the seeds and the seed ears scattered on the collecting plate 22 to the conveying belt and sends the seeds and the seed ears to the threshing roller along with the conveying belt, and by means of the threshing device, the seed residues can be effectively reduced, the seed harvesting rate is improved, and seeds are prevented from being mixed.
The cutting device comprises a plurality of lodging-resistant edge protecting frames and a mounting plate fixedly arranged on the cutting table frame 1, wherein the mounting plate is provided with a cutting knife and an edge protector, and the lodging-resistant edge protecting frames are arranged on the corresponding edge protectors at intervals. The lodging-resistant blade protecting frame comprises a lower protecting plate 33 and an upper protecting plate 32, the two sides of the upper protecting plate 32 are recessed to form ridge shapes, the front end of the lower protecting plate 33 is tilted up to be sled-shaped, the front ends of the upper protecting plate 32 and the lower protecting plate 33 are fixedly connected, the upper protecting plate 32 is arranged obliquely from front to back, the upper protecting plate and the lower protecting plate with the structure can reduce the forward resistance, the straws can be prevented from being tangled with the blade protecting frame to influence harvesting, a clamping plate 34 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lower protecting plate 33, the two ends of the clamping plate are fixedly connected to the lower protecting plate, the middle part of the clamping plate is recessed, a clamping opening for clamping the front end of the blade protecting device is formed in the front side of the upper recess corresponding to the blade protecting device, a bolt hole is formed in the rear end of the lower protecting plate 33 and is fixedly arranged on a mounting plate together with the blade protecting. The anti-lodging protects the setting of sword frame can be better the protection cutting knife, reduces the fault rate of cutting knife, improves the life of cutting knife, still can carry out effectual reaping to the rice and wheat that lodges, solves the problem that current harvester can't the results lodging crop to reduce the amount of labour of harvester.
The threshing device comprises a threshing roller, a threshing baffle 39, a threshing concave 40, a threshing gap adjusting device and a roller rotating speed adjusting device, wherein the wrap angle of the threshing concave 40 is 113 degrees, and the threshing efficiency is enhanced, the threshing time is reduced and the threshing rate is improved by increasing the wrap angle of the threshing concave 40; threshing baffle 39 is installed above threshing roller 41, and threshing baffle 39 is set up to stop raised grains from falling down, so that it can prevent grains from raising and falling down all around to cause seed residue. The diameter of the threshing roller in the embodiment is 400mm, and the threshing roller with the structure can be used for better threshing rice and wheat, so that the threshing efficiency is improved.
The pneumatic conveying device comprises a conveying fan, an aggregate funnel 35 arranged corresponding to the cleaning device, a diversion trench, a first corrugated hose, a second corrugated hose 37 and a cyclone separator 7; the aggregate funnel 35 is arranged at the lowest end of the pneumatic conveying device and below the cleaning sieve of the cleaning device; the guiding gutter comprises the inlet pipe that is the shape of turning and is curved honeycomb duct, the bottom of inlet pipe is connected with the middle part of honeycomb duct 36, and the export of inlet pipe is towards the exit end of honeycomb duct 36, the inlet pipe is close to the pipe wall that is longer than honeycomb duct 36 that links to each other of 36 air inlet ends of honeycomb duct, the lower part opening of funnel 35 that gathers materials is connected with the top of inlet pipe, the air inlet end intercommunication of conveying fan through first bellows and honeycomb duct 36, the air-out end and the air inlet end of second bellows of honeycomb duct 36 are connected. Therefore, when the air current reaches the junction of the feeding pipe and the guide pipe 36 from the air inlet end of the guide pipe 36, the pipe diameter is firstly reduced and then increased, the cleaned grain particles fall into the guide groove from the collecting hopper 35, the grain particles slide into the guide groove along the inlet pipe in a curve shape, the air current is blown into the junction of the feeding pipe and the guide pipe 36 through the first corrugated pipe, the air inlet is gradually increased after the air inlet is reduced at the feed inlet, the air pressure at the feed outlet is reduced due to the Venturi effect, thereby generating the adsorption effect and being beneficial to smooth feeding of the grain particles. In addition, the feeding pipe with the elbow-shaped structure guides the seeds to be fed along the air flow direction, so that the problem of interference damage of vertical feeding of the seeds to the transverse air flow is solved. The air flow and the seeds are mixed and then enter the second corrugated hose 37 together, then enter the cyclone separator 7 to realize solid-gas separation, the air flow is discharged from the upper end, and the seeds fall through the cyclone separator 7.
the air outlet end of the second corrugated hose 37 is connected with a switching structure having a first outlet and a second outlet, a switching plate 38 for switching the first outlet and the second outlet is arranged in the switching structure, a control mechanism for controlling the position of the switching plate 38 is arranged outside the switching structure, the control mechanism controls the swinging displacement of the switching plate 38 and enables the switching plate 38 to be in a static state all the time when swinging in place, and the control mechanism can select a telescopic oil cylinder in the prior art. First discharge gate is connected with its terminal first connecting pipe that corresponds the setting with numerous kind of case, and the second discharge gate passes through the import intercommunication of second connecting pipe and cyclone 7, and cyclone 7's export is connected with breeding case subassembly, is equipped with in the breeding case subassembly and surveys the device of producing. In order to reduce the influence caused by the vibration of the machine, the first discharge port and the second discharge port are respectively connected with the corrugated pipe and then respectively connected with the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, so that the influence caused by the vibration is reduced. The middle part of the seed reproduction box is provided with a partition plate 43 which divides the space in the box into two parts, the partition plate 43 is provided with a seed passing port 44 which communicates the two spaces, the bottom of the seed reproduction box 45 is provided with a discharging auger 46, and when the harvesting is finished, the discharging auger is opened to output and store the seeds in the seed reproduction box 45. The switching structure comprises a cylinder, the lower end of the cylinder is connected with the air outlet end of a second corrugated pipe, the upper part of the cylinder is forked to form a first discharge port and a second discharge port, the first discharge port and the second discharge port are symmetrically arranged on the cylinder, the first discharge port is vertically arranged, the first discharge port is obliquely arranged, a conversion plate 38 is rotatably arranged at the forked part of the cylinder, the first discharge port is sealed when the conversion plate 38 swings downwards to be in place, the conversion plate 38 is in a vertical state at the moment, seeds are conveyed to a breeding box assembly, the second discharge port is sealed when the conversion plate 38 swings upwards to be in place, the conversion plate 38 is in an oblique state at the moment, and the seeds are conveyed to a breeding box 45. The structure of the cylinder, the discharge port and the conversion plate 38 can prevent the converted seeds from being gathered on the lower surface of the conversion plate 38 under the blowing of wind power, and the seeds gathered on the lower surface of the conversion plate 38 fall back to the air guide pipe after the machine stops working, so that the seeds are mixed, and the breeding accuracy is influenced.
As shown in fig. 3, the breeding box assembly comprises a feeding hopper 8, a containing box 9, a first production testing box 10, a second production testing box 11 and a breeding bin 12 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a first partition plate 13 arranged corresponding to the lower part of the containing box 9, a second partition plate 14 arranged corresponding to the lower part of the first production testing box 10 and a third partition plate 15 arranged corresponding to the lower part of the second production testing box 11, wherein the first partition plate 13, the second partition plate 14 and the third partition plate 15 can respectively seal or open the lower parts of the containing box 9, the first production testing box 10 and the second production testing box 11, the first partition plate 13, the second partition plate 14 and the third partition plate 15 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a control oil cylinder, and the control oil cylinder pushes and pulls the corresponding partition plate to extend into or draw out from the bottom of the box body, so as to realize the sealing and opening of the lower part of the box body; install the measuring apparatu that is used for measuring seed moisture and volume weight in the first survey case of producing 10, be equipped with the weighing sensor who is used for measuring seed weight in the second survey case of producing 11, the signal output part of measuring apparatu and weighing sensor is connected with the controller electricity respectively, and the height sensor who is used for measuring seed height is installed on first survey case of producing 10 upper portion, and height sensor's signal output part is connected with the controller electricity, and the control end and the controller electricity of control hydro-cylinder are connected. The mounting structures of the measuring instrument, the weighing sensor and the height sensor and the electric connection structure with the controller are the prior art, and workers in the field can obtain the height measuring instrument without spending creative labor according to the use requirements.
The breeding box assembly is fixedly arranged on the rack through an installation frame; the mounting frame comprises a first layer plate 16, a second layer plate 17, a third layer plate 18, a fourth layer plate 19 and a first side plate 20 and a second side plate 21 which are arranged from top to bottom at intervals, the layer plates are connected into a whole, the lower end of the feed hopper 8 is fixedly arranged on the first layer plate 16, the lower end of the containing box 9 is fixedly arranged on the second layer plate 17, the upper end of the containing box 9 is fixedly arranged on the first layer plate 16, and the upper part of the first layer plate 16 corresponding to the containing box 9 is provided with a first opening; a control oil cylinder of the first clapboard 13 is fixedly arranged on the second laminate 17; the lower end of the first production testing box 10 is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate 18, the upper end of the first production testing box is fixedly arranged on the second layer plate 17, and a second opening is formed in the second layer plate 17 corresponding to the upper part of the first production testing box 10; a control oil cylinder of the second clapboard 14 is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate 18; the lower end of the second obstetric examination box 11 is fixedly arranged on the fourth layer plate 19, the upper end is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate 18, and a third opening is formed in the third layer plate 18 corresponding to the upper part of the second obstetric examination box 11; a control oil cylinder of the third clapboard 15 is fixedly arranged on the fourth layer plate 19; the upper end of the breeding bin 12 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the fourth layer plate 19. The openings are correspondingly arranged on each laminate, so that each box body can be communicated with the outside, the rapid blanking of each box body can be ensured, and the material accumulation is prevented. The mounting frame provides good support for the breeding box assembly, and the stability of each part in the production testing process is ensured.
the cross-sectional sizes of the feed hopper 8, the accommodating box 9, the first obstetric examination box 10, the second obstetric examination box 11 and the breeding bin 12 are all gradually reduced from top to bottom. And the top opening of the box body positioned at the lower part is larger than the bottom opening of the box body positioned at the upper part, so that seeds can be ensured to fall into the box body positioned at the lower part from the box body positioned at the upper part, the seeds are prevented from being scattered, and the seed harvesting rate is improved.
During breeding, the first partition plate 13 is normally opened, the second partition plate 14 and the third partition plate 15 are respectively inserted into the bottoms of the first production testing box 10 and the second production testing box 11 under the action of corresponding control oil cylinders so as to seal the first production testing box 10 and the second production testing box 11, the control conversion plate 38 closes the first discharge port, seeds fall on the second partition plate 14 after passing through the cyclone separator 7, the seeds are gradually accumulated to a set height, the height sensor is triggered, the height sensor outputs a signal to the controller, the controller controls the control oil cylinder corresponding to the first partition plate 13, the control oil cylinder pushes the first partition plate 13 to move to close the bottom of the accommodating box 9, the first production testing box 10 is filled with the seeds, the controller controls the measuring instrument to work to measure the moisture and the volume weight of the seeds, the measuring instrument transmits the measuring result to the controller, and after the measurement is finished, the controller controls the control oil cylinder corresponding to the second partition plate 14, the second partition plate 14 is taken out, the bottom of the first production measurement box 10 is opened, the seeds in the first production measurement box 10 fall into the second production measurement box 11, the second partition plate 14 is closed, the first partition plate 13 is opened, the weighing sensor measures the weight of the seeds in the second production measurement box 11 and transmits a measurement signal to the controller, the controller controls the control oil cylinder corresponding to the third partition plate 15 to open the third partition plate 15 after measurement is finished, the seeds fall into the breeding bin 12, the processes are repeated, the measurement data are finally gathered and averaged, and the water content of the seeds, the volume-weight plumpness and the total weight are obtained. As the seeds are bred in the subdistricts, the weight of the seeds in each subdistrict is very small, generally about 5kg, and after the seeds are harvested in each subdistrict, the seeds in the subdistrict are discharged by sleeving a collecting bag at the lower part of the breeding bin 12.
According to the invention, the seed breeding or seed reproduction can be realized by one harvester through the arrangement of the switching mechanism, the seeds can be prevented from being mixed, the applicability of the harvester is improved, the accurate measurement of the breeding data is realized through the arrangement of the breeding box assembly and the yield measurement system, and the labor intensity is reduced. In order to facilitate accurate control, a Beidou control system can be additionally arranged in a control system of the harvester to assist driving, so that the walking track of the harvester is effectively controlled, and the automation of the control of the harvester is improved.
Claims (7)
1. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester comprises a rack, a traveling device, a header device, a threshing device, a cleaning device, a pneumatic conveying device, an operation control device and a driving device, wherein the header device comprises a header frame (1), a left side plate (2), a right side plate (3), a divider (4), a reel, a cutting device, a first conveying device, a feeding auger (5) and a feeding roller (6), and is characterized in that the cutting device comprises a lodging-resistant blade protecting frame and a mounting plate fixedly arranged on the header frame (1), wherein the mounting plate is provided with a cutting knife and a blade protector, the lodging-resistant blade protecting frames are multiple and are arranged on the corresponding blade protector at intervals;
The pneumatic conveying device comprises a conveying fan, an aggregate funnel, a diversion trench, a first corrugated hose, a second corrugated hose and a cyclone separator (7), wherein the aggregate funnel, the diversion trench, the first corrugated hose and the second corrugated hose are arranged corresponding to the cleaning device; the aggregate funnel is arranged at the lowest end of the pneumatic conveying device and below the cleaning sieve of the cleaning device; the diversion trench is composed of a bent inlet pipe and an arc-shaped diversion pipe, the bottom end of the inlet pipe is connected with the middle part of the diversion pipe, the lower opening of the collecting funnel is connected with the top end of the inlet pipe, the conveying fan is communicated with the air inlet end of the diversion pipe through a first corrugated pipe, the air outlet end of the diversion pipe is connected with the air inlet end of a second corrugated pipe, the air outlet end of the second corrugated pipe is connected with a switching structure with a first discharge port and a second discharge port, a conversion plate for switching the first discharge port and the second discharge port is arranged in the switching structure, a control mechanism for controlling the position of the conversion plate is arranged outside the switching mechanism, the first discharge port is connected with a first connecting pipe, the tail end of the first connecting pipe is correspondingly arranged with a breeding box, the second discharge port is communicated with the inlet of a cyclone separator (7) through a second connecting pipe, the outlet of the cyclone separator (7) is, the breeding box assembly is internally provided with a production measuring device.
2. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester of claim 1, wherein the breeding box assembly comprises a feed hopper (8), a containing box (9), a first production testing box (10), a second production testing box (11), a breeding bin (12), a first partition plate (13) arranged corresponding to the lower portion of the containing box (9), a second partition plate (14) arranged corresponding to the lower portion of the first production testing box (10), and a third partition plate (15) arranged corresponding to the lower portion of the second production testing box (11), the first partition plate (13), the second partition plate (14), and the third partition plate (15) can respectively seal or open the lower portions of the containing box (9), the first production testing box (10), and the second production testing box (11), and control oil cylinders are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the first partition plate (13), the second partition plate (14), and the third partition plate (15); install the measuring apparatu that is used for measuring seed moisture and unit weight in first survey production case (10), be equipped with the weighing sensor who is used for measuring seed weight in second survey production case (11), the signal output part of measuring apparatu and weighing sensor is connected with the controller electricity respectively, first survey production case (10) upper portion is installed and is used for measuring the height sensor of seed height, height sensor's signal output part is connected with the controller electricity, the control end and the controller electricity of control hydro-cylinder are connected.
3. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester of claim 2, wherein the breeding box assembly is fixedly mounted on the frame by a mounting frame; the mounting frame comprises a first layer plate (16), a second layer plate (17), a third layer plate (18), a fourth layer plate (19) and a first side plate (20) and a second side plate (21) which connect the layer plates into a whole, wherein the first layer plate (16), the second layer plate (17), the third layer plate (18) and the fourth layer plate are arranged at intervals from top to bottom, the lower end of the feed hopper (8) is fixedly arranged on the first layer plate (16), the lower end of the accommodating box (9) is fixedly arranged on the second layer plate (17), the upper end of the accommodating box is fixedly arranged on the first layer plate (16), and a first opening is formed in the first layer plate (16) corresponding to the upper part of; the control oil cylinder of the first clapboard (13) is fixedly arranged on the second laminate (17); the lower end of the first production testing box (10) is fixedly arranged on a third layer plate (18), the upper end of the first production testing box is fixedly arranged on a second layer plate (17), and a second opening is formed in the second layer plate (17) corresponding to the upper part of the first production testing box (10); the control oil cylinder of the second clapboard (14) is fixedly arranged on the third layer plate (18); the lower end of the second production testing box (11) is fixedly arranged on a fourth layer plate (19), the upper end of the second production testing box is fixedly arranged on a third layer plate (18), and a third opening is formed in the upper part, corresponding to the second production testing box (11), of the third layer plate (18); a control oil cylinder of the third partition plate (15) is fixedly arranged on the fourth layer plate (19); the upper end of the breeding bin (12) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the fourth layer plate (19).
4. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester of claim 3, wherein the cross-sectional dimensions of the feed hopper (8), the containing box (9), the first yield measuring box (10), the second yield measuring box (11) and the breeding bin (12) are gradually reduced from top to bottom.
5. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a left side plate (2) and a right side plate (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of the cutting stand (1), the reel is adjustably mounted on the cutting stand (1), the two grain dividers (4) are respectively arranged at the front ends of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3), the cutting device is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the front end of the cutting stand (1), the first conveying device is centrally arranged at the rear side of the cutting device, collecting plates (22) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the first conveying device, the collecting plates (22) are fixedly connected with the corresponding side plates and are obliquely arranged downwards from the outer side to the first conveying device side, a plurality of air supply holes (23) are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) corresponding to the collecting plates (22) at intervals along the front and back direction, the air supply hole (23) is communicated with the first air blower through an air duct.
6. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester according to claim 5, wherein the lodging-resistant blade guard frame comprises a lower guard plate and an upper guard plate, the two sides of the upper guard plate are recessed to form a ridge shape, the front end of the lower guard plate is raised to be in a sled shape, the upper guard plate is fixedly connected with the front end of the lower guard plate, the upper guard plate is arranged obliquely upwards from front to back, a clamping plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lower guard plate, a clamping opening for clamping the front end of the blade protector is formed in the clamping plate corresponding to the blade protector, and a bolt hole is formed in the rear end of the lower guard plate and used for fixedly connecting the blade protector with a mounting plate through bolts.
7. The self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester of claim 5, wherein the threshing device comprises a threshing roller, a threshing baffle, a threshing concave, a threshing gap adjusting device and a roller rotating speed adjusting device, the wrap angle of the threshing concave is 113 degrees, and the separation baffle is arranged above the threshing roller.
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| CN201910982686.1A CN110558033A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester |
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| CN201910982686.1A CN110558033A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Self-propelled rice and wheat breeding harvester |
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