CN110547089B - Crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester, comprising a pair of walking crawlers, a main frame, a cutting device, an auxiliary feeding and weeding device and a laying device; the laying device is arranged above the front half of the walking crawlers at an angle toward the direction of the rapeseed to be harvested, and the upper end of the laying device is installed on the main frame, and the lower end of the laying device is fixed on the cutting device; a frame is used to cooperate with the laying device, and at the same time, a space is left in the middle of the machine as a rapeseed cutting and drying laying channel, and the rapeseed is cut and felled by using the cutting and conveying device, concentrated in the middle and laid backwards, thereby reducing the conveying distance of the rapeseed after it is cut and improving the conveying efficiency; no manual road is required before operation, and the rapeseed stubble in the middle laying area is not crushed, so that the plants are laid on the stubble, forming an overhead drying, which does not contact with the moist soil, is light-permeable and air-permeable, is conducive to post-ripening, and is convenient for subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting.

Description

A crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of segmented harvesting in agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester.

Background Art

Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in my country. In recent years, the planting area has exceeded 100 million mu, of which 90% is in the Yangtze River Basin. Domestic rapeseed oil accounts for more than 55% of the domestic oil crop production. The development of rapeseed production is of great strategic significance to maintaining the security of the country's edible oil supply. However, in recent years, due to the market impact of rural labor transfer, low mechanization level, high labor costs, and imported low-priced rapeseed, rapeseed planting benefits are low and industrial development is facing tremendous pressure. The Central Document No. 1 of 2019 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to support rapeseed production in the Yangtze River Basin, promote the demonstration and promotion of new varieties and new technologies, and promote full mechanization.

Rapeseed harvesting is a key link in the mechanized production of rapeseed. According to the harvesting process, it is mainly divided into mechanized combined harvesting and mechanized segmented harvesting. The segmented harvesting of rapeseed is to cut the rapeseed plants in advance before the rapeseed matures and dry them in the field. After the rapeseed matures, it is picked up, threshed, cleaned and harvested. Compared with combined harvesting, segmented harvesting has the advantages of a long harvesting period, strong adaptability to the morphology of rapeseed plants, consistent grain maturity, full grains, and small harvest losses. In the southern rice-oil rotation area, segmented harvesting can also clear the land in advance, which is conducive to the planting of subsequent rice crops.

Existing rapeseed harvesters can be divided into two categories. One is a large rapeseed harvester with an operating width of more than 2.5 meters. It is usually mounted on a high-clearance tractor and laid in the middle. This type of harvester has high efficiency, but is large in size and has a large turning radius. It is suitable for dry land operations with large fields and flat terrain, such as Europe, Canada, and spring rapeseed areas in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, my country. The other is a small rapeseed harvester with an operating width of less than 2.5 meters, powered by a small tractor or crawler power chassis. For example, Chinese patent application number 2012510559271.1 discloses a reaper suitable for rapeseed harvesting, with a working width of 1.85 meters and full hydraulic drive. The cutting, conveying, laying and reel and other functional components are mounted on the power machine in a front suspension manner. After being cut, the rapeseed is transported to the middle by the joint action of the conveying and laying devices. However, due to the rice-oil rotation in the Yangtze River Basin, rice planting is long-term submerged in water in summer and autumn, and rapeseed planting has a lot of rain in winter and spring, the fields are deep in mud and the soil is heavy. In addition, the machine adopts a front suspension assembly, which has problems such as heavy front wheel load, easy vehicle getting stuck during operation, large turning radius in the field, and insufficient passability of the machine. Chinese patent application number 201420571400.3 discloses a small crawler rapeseed reaper, which adopts crawler-type walking chassis, and has improved operation performance and maneuverability, but the machine still adopts front suspension transfer, and the reaper mainly adopts side laying, that is, the crop discharge port is on the side of the cutting platform, and the plants are transported to the laying side after being cut. It is necessary to open the way in advance during operation, and the plant transportation distance is long, which is easy to cause the transportation device to be blocked and the laying is disordered. Chinese patent application number 201520074744.8 discloses a rapeseed reaper, which adopts crawler-type walking chassis, is flexible in operation and has good adaptability to terrain, and the reaper combines the conveyor chain and the conveyor belt to lay the cut plants behind the transport equipment, and the plant transportation distance is long, which increases the disorder of plant laying and is easy to be blocked.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester that can enhance laying efficiency and avoid blockage in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester designed by the present invention comprises a pair of walking crawlers, a main frame, a cutting device, an auxiliary feeding and weeding device and a laying device; the laying device is arranged above the front half of the walking crawler in an inclined manner toward the direction of the rapeseed to be harvested, and the upper end of the laying device is installed on the main frame, and the lower end of the laying device is fixed on the cutting device;

The main frame includes a front frame, a rear frame, a left loading platform and a right loading platform, and the left loading platform and the right loading platform are arranged symmetrically; the left end of the front frame is fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform, the right end of the front frame is fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform, the left end of the rear frame is fixed to the inner edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform, and the right end of the rear frame is fixed to the inner edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform;

The laying device includes a laying frame and a pair of chain conveying devices, the pair of chain conveying devices are symmetrically installed on both sides of the conveying frame, the upper part of the laying frame is hinged to the middle part of the front frame, the lower part of the laying frame is welded to the cutting device, and a first hydraulic cylinder is installed between the two sides of the laying frame and the front frame; at the same time, the front frame and the rear frame are both hollow frame structures, and the channel formed by the empty middle part of the laying frame and the space between the left loading platform and the right loading platform together form an barrier-free laying channel for laying rapeseed.

Furthermore, each of the chain conveying devices includes a conveying support plate, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a conveyor belt and spring teeth installed on the conveyor belt, and the lower end of the conveying support plate is connected to the laying frame; the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively installed on the conveying support plate through bearing seats, the driving shaft is connected to the hydraulic motor through a coupling, the driving shaft drives the driven shaft through a chain drive, and the driven shaft can change its position by adjusting the tensioning bolts welded to the bearing seat.

Furthermore, the spring teeth are arranged in a matrix on the conveyor belt, and a stopper is provided under the conveyor belt, and the stopper is fixed between two side plates of the conveying support plate; in addition, the stopper is provided with a groove for the spring teeth to pass through.

Furthermore, the laying device further includes a pair of conveying shells, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a pair of chain conveying devices, and the conveying shells surround the chain conveying devices from the outside of the chain conveying devices.

Furthermore, the cutting device includes a transverse cutter and a straw divider; the transverse cutter includes a transverse fixed knife, a transverse movable knife, a first eccentric disk and a transverse guide rod, the transverse fixed knife is fixed to the lower crossbeam of the laying frame, the transverse movable knife is slidably connected to the transverse fixed knife, the transverse movable knife is hinged to the transverse guide rod, the transverse guide rod is hinged to the first eccentric disk, and the first eccentric disk is driven by a cutting hydraulic motor.

Further, the crop divider includes a pair of vertical cutting knives and a pair of passive crop dividers, the pair of vertical cutting knives are respectively arranged in the vertical direction of the left and right ends of the horizontal cutter, and the vertical cutting knives include a vertical cutting frame, a vertical fixed knife, a vertical moving knife, a vertical guide rod, a second eccentric disk, and the vertical cutting frame is fixedly connected to the two ends of the lower cross beam of the laying frame. At the same time, the vertical cutting frame is fixedly connected to the conveying shell of the laying device through a baffle;

The vertical fixed knife is fixed to the front end crossbeam of the vertical cutting machine frame, the vertical movable knife is slidably connected to the vertical fixed knife, the vertical guide rod is composed of two ball heads with built-in ball bearings and a threaded rod with threads at both ends, the two ball heads are respectively connected to the two ends of the threaded rod through threaded connections, one ball head is hinged to the second eccentric disk, and the other ball head is hinged to the horizontal guide rod.

Furthermore, a pair of the passive crop dividers and a pair of the vertical cutters are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the passive crop dividers are arranged in the lower front part of the vertical cutters and welded to the vertical cutting frame.

Furthermore, the auxiliary feeding and reeling device includes a reeling frame and a reeling wheel, the reeling frame is hinged to the top of the front frame, the reeling wheel is arranged above the cross cutter and fixed on the reeling frame; a pair of second hydraulic cylinders are installed between the reeling frame and the top of the front frame.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester of the present invention has a compact longitudinal structure, and functional components such as a laying device, a cutting device, and an auxiliary feeding and weeding device are carried on the front half of the crawler. It has a small turning radius, good maneuverability, flexible field transportation, and stable walking, and can be adapted to small plots and hilly areas;

2) The crawler chassis is used as the walking device, which avoids the defect of wheeled tractor-mounted reaper easily sinking into the ground, and is suitable for operations in deep mud and soft and sticky surfaces in rice stubble fields;

3) A frame is used in conjunction with a laying device, and a space is left in the middle of the machine as a laying channel for rapeseed cutting and drying. The rapeseed is cut and concentrated in the middle and laid backwards by using a cutting and conveying device, which reduces the conveying distance after the rapeseed is cut and improves the conveying efficiency. No manual road is required before the operation, and the rapeseed stubble in the middle laying area is not crushed, ensuring that the plants are laid on the stubble, forming an overhead drying, not in contact with wet soil, light-permeable and air-permeable, which is conducive to post-ripening and convenient for subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting.

4) The cutting device and auxiliary feeding and weeding device can be raised and lowered by hydraulic cylinders to adjust the working height to adapt to rapeseed in different growth conditions, thereby enhancing the adaptability to rapeseed varieties and planting methods.

5) The laying device is arranged at an angle to shorten the distance from the rapeseed cut to the laying device, so that the rapeseed can be transported through the laying device and laid as soon as possible after being cut, thereby enhancing the laying efficiency and avoiding blockage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure in FIG1;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the chain conveyor device in FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of FIG3 ;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting device in FIG1 ;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the vertical cutting knife structure in FIG. 5 .

The components in the figure are numbered as follows: walking crawler 1, main frame 2 (including: front frame 21, rear frame 22, left crawler beam 221, right crawler beam 222, left loading platform 23, right loading platform 24), laying device 3 (including: chain conveyor 30, laying frame 31, conveying shell 32, first hydraulic cylinder 33, conveying support plate 301, driving shaft 302, driven shaft 303, conveyor belt 304, spring teeth 305, block 306, tension bolt 307), cutting device 4 (including: transverse cutter 41, transverse fixed knife 411, transverse Moving knife 412, first eccentric disc 413, transverse guide rod 414, cutting hydraulic motor 415, crop divider 42, vertical cutting knife 43, vertical cutting frame 431, vertical fixed knife 432, vertical moving knife 433, vertical guide rod 434, second eccentric disc 435, ball head 436, threaded rod 437, protective shell 438, vertical cutting hydraulic motor 439, passive crop divider 44, baffle 45), auxiliary feeding and plowing device 5, power system 6, driving system 7, barrier-free laying channel 8, plowing frame 51 (including: plowing wheel 52, second hydraulic cylinder 53).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG1 , a crawler self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester includes a pair of walking crawlers 1, a main frame 2, a cutting device 4, an auxiliary feeding and weeding device 5, and a laying device 3. The pair of walking crawlers 1 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and are welded with the main frame 2 to form a crawler chassis for walking, so as to avoid sinking into the ground easily when working in the field; the laying device 3 is arranged horizontally or tilted toward the direction of the rapeseed to be harvested above the front half of the walking crawler 1, and the upper end of the laying device 3 is installed on the main frame 2, and the lower end of the laying device 3 is fixed on the cutting device 4, so that the rapeseed can quickly reach the conveying area on the laying device 3 after being cut, thereby increasing the conveying efficiency; the auxiliary feeding and weeding device 5 is arranged above the cutting device 4 and connected to the main frame 2.

As shown in FIG2 , the main frame 2 includes a front frame 21, a rear frame 22, a left loading platform 23 and a right loading platform 24, wherein the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 are arranged symmetrically, wherein the left loading platform 23 is provided with a driving system 7, the right loading platform 24 is provided with a power system 6, and one side of the walking crawler 1 is fixedly connected to the left crawler cross beam 221 at the bottom of the left loading platform 23, and the other side of the walking crawler 1 is fixedly connected to the right crawler cross beam 222 at the bottom of the right loading platform 24; the left end of the front frame 21 is fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform 23, the right end of the front frame 21 is fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform 24, and the rear frame 22 is fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform 24. The left end of the frame 22 is fixed to the inner edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform 23, and the right end of the rear frame 22 is fixed to the inner edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform 24. Since the front frame 21 and the rear frame 22 are both hollow frame structures, the space between the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 forms an obstacle-free paving channel 8 for laying rapeseed, providing space for the middle laying of the rapeseed after the rapeseed is cut by the reaper, shortening the transportation distance of the rapeseed, and realizing rapid laying of the rapeseed after it is cut. At the same time, the rapeseed stalks on the middle channel are retained, so that the rapeseed can be laid on the stubble for aerial drying after it is cut, avoiding rotting and other losses caused by direct contact with the ground and poor ventilation during the drying process.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the laying device 3 is located between the cutting device 4 and the main frame 2 and above the walking crawler 1. It is arranged horizontally or tilted toward the direction of the rapeseed to be harvested according to the shape and size of the walking crawler. The laying device 3 includes a laying frame 31, a pair of chain conveying devices 30 and a pair of conveying shells 32. The pair of chain conveying devices 30 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the conveying frame 31 by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. At the same time, the pair of conveying shells 32 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the pair of chain conveying devices 30. The conveying shells 32 surround the chain conveying devices 30 from the outside of the chain conveying devices 30 to avoid the entanglement of rapeseed straw and improve the reliability of the laying device. The upper part of the laying frame 31 is hinged with the middle part of the front frame 21, and the lower part of the laying frame 31 is welded with the cutting device 4, and a first hydraulic cylinder 33 is installed between the two sides of the laying frame 31 and the front frame 21. By controlling the extension and contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 33, the working height of the cutting device can be adjusted, so as to obtain different stubble heights after the rapeseed is cut, so as to adapt to different harvesting needs, such as feed harvesting or rapeseed harvesting, etc., and enhance the versatility of the machine. At the same time, the channel formed by the empty middle part of the laying frame 31 and the space between the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 together form an obstacle-free laying channel 8 for laying rapeseed, so that the chain conveyor 30 conveys the rapeseed on the left and right sides to the obstacle-free laying channel 8 for laying, shortening the conveying distance after the rapeseed is cut.

Each chain conveyor device 30 includes a conveyor support plate 301, a driving shaft 302, a driven shaft 303, a conveyor belt 304, and a spring tooth 305 installed on the conveyor belt 304. The lower end of the conveyor support plate 301 is fixed to the laying frame 31 by bolt connection, and the two sides of the conveyor support plate 301 are respectively fixed to the two conveyor shells 32 by bolt connection, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and is conducive to later maintenance. The driving shaft 302 and the driven shaft 303 are respectively installed on the conveyor support plate 301 through bearing seats, and the driving shaft 302 is connected to the hydraulic motor through a coupling. The driving shaft 302 drives the driven shaft 303 through a chain drive, wherein the conveyor chain is provided with double-sided ears, and the conveyor belt 304 is made of nylon or canvas belt and is fixed to the ears of the conveyor chain by bolt connection. The driven shaft 303 can change its position by adjusting the tensioning bolt 307 welded to the bearing seat, and the center distance of the chain is adjusted to ensure the tension of the conveyor belt. When the hydraulic motor drives the driving shaft, the conveyor belt will move synchronously with the chain drive, and the conveyor belt is driven by the chain drive, avoiding the disadvantage of the existing roller-driven conveyor belt that may run away after the speed is too high, thereby enhancing the reliability of the machine, and at the same time reducing the tension required by the machine and reducing power consumption.

The spring teeth 305 are arranged in a matrix on the conveyor belt 304 to assist in the transportation of the cut rapeseed. The spring teeth 305 are made of nylon material and have a certain elasticity. When they run under the conveyor belt, they can be compressed to save space. According to the agronomic requirements of rapeseed, the rapeseed row spacing is 280-300mm, ensuring that the complexity of the mechanism is not increased while ensuring better transportation of rapeseed. The spring tooth row spacing is slightly smaller than the rapeseed row spacing, taking 200mm. A stopper 306 is also provided below the conveyor belt 304, which is made of wood or plastic. The stopper 306 is fixed between the two side plates of the conveying support plate by bolt connection. In addition, the stopper 306 is provided with a groove for the spring teeth 305 to pass through, which is used to prevent the rapeseed straw from entering the conveying shell 32 and affecting the operation of the chain conveying device.

As shown in Figure 5, the cutting device 4 includes a transverse cutter 41 and a straw divider 42; wherein the transverse cutter 41 is horizontally arranged at the front end of the machine, is 2 meters long, and is adapted to the existing rapeseed compartment width, and includes a transverse fixed knife 411, a transverse movable knife 412, a first eccentric disk 413, and a transverse guide rod 414. The transverse fixed knife 411 is fixed to the lower crossbeam of the laying frame 31 by bolts, and the transverse movable knife 412 is slidably connected to the transverse fixed knife 411, and reciprocates back and forth to cut the rapeseed to be harvested, thereby ensuring the consistency of the cutting height. The transverse movable knife 412 is hinged to the transverse guide rod 414, and the transverse guide rod 414 is hinged to the first eccentric disk 413. The three constitute a crank slider mechanism, and the first eccentric disk 413 is directly driven by the cutting hydraulic motor 415, which simplifies the existing complex mechanical transmission unit, simplifies the structure, improves the transmission efficiency, and reduces vibration.

As shown in FIG6 , the straw divider 42 is used to separate the rapeseed plants entangled on the left and right before cutting, so as to avoid the loss of rapeseed caused by the rapeseed plants on both sides of the machine being pulled during the cutting process. Each straw divider includes a pair of vertical cutting knives 43 and a pair of passive straw dividers 44. The specific process is to first use the passive straw divider 44 to squeeze and separate the straw, and then use the vertical cutting knives on both sides to cut and separate the straw. The active straw divider and the passive straw divider are combined to reduce the straw loss, which is easy to operate and has a significant working effect. A pair of vertical cutting knives 43 are respectively arranged in the vertical direction at the left and right ends of the cross cutter 41, and the vertical cutting knives 43 include a vertical cutting frame 431, a vertical fixed knife 432, a vertical movable knife 433, a vertical guide rod 434, and a second eccentric plate 435. The vertical cutting frame 431 is fixedly connected to the two ends of the lower cross beam of the laying frame 31. At the same time, the vertical cutting frame 431 is fixedly connected to the conveying shell 32 of the laying device 3 through a baffle 45 to enhance the strength and improve the stability of the vertical cutting knives when working. At the same time, the baffle 45 is also used to cover the two sides of the laying device 3 to avoid the loss caused by the rapeseed popping out from the two sides of the laying device during the conveying and laying process;

The vertical fixed knife 432 is fixed to the front end crossbeam of the vertical cutting frame 431 by bolts, the vertical movable knife 433 is slidably connected to the vertical fixed knife 432, and the vertical guide rod 434 is composed of two ball heads 436 with built-in ball bearings and a threaded rod 437 with threads at both ends. The two ball heads 436 are connected to the two ends of the threaded rod 437 by threaded connections respectively. Through the threaded connection, the distance between the two ball heads 436 can be adjusted to enhance its versatility. One ball head 436 is hinged to the second eccentric disk 435, and the other ball head 436 is hinged to the horizontal guide rod 414.

The vertical cutting knife 43 also includes a protective shell 438, which wraps up the second eccentric disk 435 and the vertical cutting hydraulic motor 439 to prevent rapeseed plants from being entangled and affecting the operation of the vertical cutting knife. The second eccentric disk, the vertical guide rod and the vertical moving knife constitute a spatial crank slider mechanism. Because the ball head has a built-in ball bearing, it forms a spherical pair with the second eccentric disk and the vertical moving knife, which reduces the required installation accuracy and increases the reliability of the vertical cutting knife. The second eccentric disk 435 is directly driven by the vertical cutting hydraulic motor 439, and the vertical moving knife is driven to reciprocate relative to the vertical fixed knife through the vertical guide rod to achieve cutting, thereby simplifying the existing mechanical transmission form of the vertical cutting knife driven by the horizontal cutting knife, so that the vertical cutting knife has independent power, simplifies the structure, and has adjustable speed, which reduces mechanical vibration.

A pair of passive grain dividers 44 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a pair of vertical cutters 43, and the passive grain dividers 44 are arranged in the lower front part of the vertical cutter 43 and welded to the vertical cutting frame 431. This arrangement can effectively solve the problem of grain loss and blockage caused by the dense entanglement of branches of rapeseed plants during harvesting. The rapeseed plants can be divided in advance before cutting them down by combining the active grain divider and the passive grain divider, thereby reducing rapeseed grain loss and passing resistance and improving the passability of the machine.

The auxiliary feeding and reeling device 5 includes a reeling frame 51 and a reeling wheel 52. The reeling frame 51 is hinged to the top of the front frame 21. The reeling wheel 52 is arranged above the cross cutter 41 and is fixed to the reeling frame 51 by bolts, and is used to feed the rapeseed to be harvested to the machine, so as to facilitate cutting and improve cutting efficiency. A pair of second hydraulic cylinders 53 are installed between the reeling frame 51 and the top of the front frame 21. By controlling the second hydraulic cylinders, the working height of the auxiliary feeding and reeling device can be adjusted, so as to adapt to the different heights of rapeseed harvesting caused by different varieties and regions, and enhance the applicability of the machine.

The power system drives the walking tracks, a pair of chain conveyors, a reel, a cross cutter and a vertical cutter through a hydraulic motor. When the reaper and sundryer is working in the field, the power system transmits power to the above-mentioned moving parts through the hydraulic motor, the walking crawler drives the machine forward, the hydraulic motor drives the reel wheel to rotate through the belt transmission, and the reel wheel pushes the rapeseed stems to be cut to the cutting and conveying device of the reaper and sundryer; the cross cutter reciprocates under the action of the hydraulic motor through the crank slider to cut the rapeseed stalks; at the same time, the straw dividers on both sides of the cross cutter divide the rapeseed stalks into rows, and the vertical cutters cut and separate the branches entangled on the upper part of the rapeseed to complete the straw division; after the rapeseed located in the middle of the cross cutter is cut, it is directly laid on the unrolled straw in the middle of the field through the barrier-free laying channel under the action of the reel wheel and the cross cutter, and the rapeseed located on the left and right sides of the cross cutter is cut and transported to the middle under the action of the spring teeth of the conveyor belt moving toward the middle on the chain conveyor devices on both sides of the laying device, and laid in the field through the barrier-free laying channel, thereby completing the entire rapeseed cutting, conveying and laying reaping and sundrying process.

The rapeseed harvester and sun-drying machine of the present invention adopts a walking crawler and a frame-type frame as a walking device, has good maneuverability, flexible field transportation, stable walking, good passability in small fields and hilly areas, and avoids the defects of tractor-drawn harvesters that are difficult to transport and easy to sink into the ground; at the same time, the frame-type frame leaves a space in the middle of the machine as a barrier-free paving channel, and cooperates with the paving device to transport the rapeseed to the middle for paving after it is cut, thereby reducing the transportation distance after the rapeseed is cut, enhancing the transportation efficiency, avoiding blockage and entanglement, and reducing the loss of rapeseed grains; no manual road is required before operation, and the rapeseed stubble in the middle paving area is not crushed, ensuring that the plants are laid on the stubble to form an overhead drying, without contact with moist soil, light-permeable and air-permeable, which is conducive to post-ripening and convenient for subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting, and the structure is simple and easy to operate.

Claims (8)

1. A crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower comprises a pair of walking crawlers (1), a main frame (2), a cutting device (4), an auxiliary feeding reel device (5) and a laying device (3); the method is characterized in that: the laying device (3) is obliquely arranged above the front half part of the walking crawler belt (1) towards the direction of rape to be collected, the upper end of the laying device (3) is arranged on the main frame (2), and the lower end of the laying device (3) is fixed on the cutting device (4);

The main frame (2) comprises a front frame (21), a rear frame (22), a left carrying platform (23) and a right carrying platform (24), wherein the left carrying platform (23) and the right carrying platform (24) are symmetrically arranged; the left end of the front frame (21) is fixed on the outer side edge of the upper surface of the left carrying platform (23), the right end of the front frame (21) is fixed on the outer side edge of the upper surface of the right carrying platform (24), the left end of the rear frame (22) is fixed on the inner side edge of the upper surface of the left carrying platform (23), and the right end of the rear frame (22) is fixed on the inner side edge of the upper surface of the right carrying platform (24);

The laying device (3) comprises a laying frame (31) and a pair of chain conveying devices (30), wherein the pair of chain conveying devices (30) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the laying frame (31) left and right, the upper part of the laying frame (31) is hinged with the middle part of the front frame (21), the lower part of the laying frame (31) is welded with the cutting device (4), and a first hydraulic cylinder (33) is respectively arranged between the two sides of the laying frame (31) and the front frame (21); simultaneously, front frame (21) and back frame (22) are hollow frame structure, the space between the passageway that the middle part was left and was formed on the frame (31) of laying and left year thing platform (23) and right year thing platform (24) forms accessible and lays passageway (8) that supply oil dish to lay jointly.

2. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: each chain type conveying device (30) comprises a conveying supporting plate (301), a driving shaft (302), a driven shaft (303), a conveying belt (304) and elastic teeth (305) arranged on the conveying belt (304), and the lower end of the conveying supporting plate (301) is connected to a laying rack (31); the driving shaft (302) and the driven shaft (303) are respectively arranged on the conveying support plate (301) through bearing blocks, the driving shaft (302) is connected with a hydraulic motor through a coupler, the driving shaft (302) drives the driven shaft (303) through chain transmission, and the driven shaft (303) can change positions through adjustment of tensioning bolts (307) welded with the bearing blocks.

3. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 2, wherein: the elastic teeth (305) are arranged on the conveying belt (304) in a matrix manner, a stop block (306) is further arranged below the conveying belt (304), and the stop block (306) is fixed between two side plates of the conveying support plate (301); in addition, the stop block (306) is provided with a groove for the elastic tooth (305) to pass through.

4. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 2, wherein: the laying device (3) further comprises a pair of conveying shells (32), the pair of conveying shells (32) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the pair of chain conveying devices (30), and the chain conveying devices (30) are surrounded by the conveying shells (32) from the outer sides of the chain conveying devices (30).

5. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: the cutting device (4) comprises a transverse cutter (41) and a divider (42); the transverse cutter (41) comprises a transverse fixed cutter (411), a transverse movable cutter (412), a first eccentric disc (413) and a transverse guide rod (414), wherein the transverse fixed cutter (411) is fixed with a cross beam at the lower part of the laying frame (31), the transverse movable cutter (412) is in sliding connection with the transverse fixed cutter (411), the transverse movable cutter (412) is hinged with the transverse guide rod (414), the transverse guide rod (414) is hinged with the first eccentric disc (413), and the first eccentric disc (413) is driven by a cutting hydraulic motor (415).

6. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 5, wherein: the crop divider (42) comprises a pair of vertical cutters (43) and a pair of passive crop dividers (44), the pair of vertical cutters (43) are respectively arranged on the vertical directions of the left end and the right end of the transverse cutter (41), the vertical cutters (43) comprise a vertical cutter frame (431), a vertical fixed cutter (432), a vertical movable cutter (433), a vertical guide rod (434) and a second eccentric disc (435), the vertical cutter frame (431) is fixedly connected with the two ends of a cross beam at the lower part of the laying frame (31), and meanwhile, the vertical cutter frame (431) is fixedly connected with a conveying shell (32) of the laying device (3) through a baffle plate (45);

The vertical stationary knife (432) is fixed with a beam at the front end of the vertical cutting machine frame (431), the vertical movable knife (433) is in sliding connection with the vertical stationary knife (432), the vertical guide rod (434) is composed of two ball heads (436) with built-in ball bearings and a threaded rod (437) with threads at two ends, the two ball heads (436) are respectively connected with two ends of the threaded rod (437) through threaded connection, one ball head (436) is hinged with a second eccentric disc (435), and the other ball head (436) is hinged with a transverse guide rod (414).

7. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 6, wherein: the pair of passive crop dividers (44) and the pair of vertical cutters (43) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the passive crop dividers (44) are arranged at the front lower part of the vertical cutters (43) and welded with the vertical cutter frame (431).

8. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary feeding reel device (5) comprises a reel frame (51) and reels (52), the reel frame (51) is hinged with the top of the front frame (21), and the reels (52) are arranged above the transverse cutter (41) and fixed on the reel frame (51); a pair of second hydraulic cylinders (53) are arranged between the reel stand (51) and the top of the front frame (21).