CN110514184A - One kind being used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device and its method for measurement - Google Patents
One kind being used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device and its method for measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110514184A CN110514184A CN201910812872.0A CN201910812872A CN110514184A CN 110514184 A CN110514184 A CN 110514184A CN 201910812872 A CN201910812872 A CN 201910812872A CN 110514184 A CN110514184 A CN 110514184A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, including total station, further includes the measuring basis point for the stratum embedded device of the total station front end being arranged in, and be arranged on stabilization stratum.The method for measurement of the easy device is also disclosed, this method includes being arranged to measure datum mark, installation stratum embedded device, and the deflection of initial reading and target measuring point measures.Apparatus of the present invention are simple, it is low in cost, it is easy to operate, required place is small, wide adaptability, vertical, inclination and curve shape arrangement can be carried out as needed, suitable for measure the measurement of different depth stratum deformation amount and the measurement of building underface stratum deformation amount during Urban Underground Space Excavation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stratum deformation monitoring technical fields, and in particular to one kind is simply filled for deeper formation deformation measurement
It sets and its method for measurement.
Background technique
The reasons such as excavation, the decline of groundwater level in tunnel cause formation stress field to change, and then stratum is caused to generate change
Shape, theory and practice prove that stratum deformation is deformed size along depth direction and speed is different.Such as opening for subterranean tunnel
It digs, its periphery rock-soil layer is caused to deform first, then extended again to its outer edge, it is big to show as the deformation of tunnel surrounding formations
And speed block, tunnel outer edge stratum deformation is small and speed is slow.
City underground engineering construction is often more stringent to stratum deformation requirements, and biggish deformation and inhomogeneous deformation are often
Huge threat is brought to engineering construction and surrounding enviroment, is the weight that engineering construction and later period operation are controlled in the process
Difficult point.In view of dense distributions such as City Building, road, pipelines, and working space is narrow, this leaves to point layout
Space be extremely limited and increase the risk of measuring point destruction, cause existing stratum deformation method to fail or application difficult.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for design a kind of deep formation deformation measurement device suitable for city complex environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind to be used for deeper formation deflection
Survey easy device, the device can flexibly be effectively adapted to the intensive region of building in city, road, pipeline equal distribution with
And narrow engineering construction working space, and its lower different depth stratum deformation variable quantity is monitored；The device has behaviour
The characteristics of making simple, flexible arrangement, safe and efficient, low in cost, wide adaptability, while being also applied for stratum below concealed work
Deformation measurement.The present invention also provides the application methods of the device.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
One kind being used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, including total station, further includes that the total station front end is arranged in
Measuring basis point on stratum embedded device, and setting good ground；
The stratum embedded device includes the anchoring piece being anchored in stratum, for the connection of connection anchoring element and earth's surface measuring point
Line, and be arranged on the outside of the connecting line for protecting the PVC pipeline of connecting line；Aerial part in the PVC pipeline
Place is equipped with mobile measuring point moving up and down, and the end measuring point fixed in the setting of its top；The external of the connecting line exposes
The lightweight sphere for being equal to the PVC pipeline diameter across a diameter is held, and is equipped with coil in the end of connecting line；
The measuring basis point includes the steel in the concret block being cast in good ground and the insertion concret block
Muscle is welded with iron plate in the reinforcing steel bars exposed end point, the first reflecting piece is pasted on the iron plate.
Preferably, the mobile measuring point includes being sleeved on arc sleeve outside the PVC pipeline, being arranged in the arc
The hook of sleeve upper end and the second reflecting piece being pasted on the outside of the arc sleeve.
Preferably, the end measuring point is the third reflecting piece for being pasted onto the PVC pipeline top.
Preferably, at the larger position of stratum deformation, the PVC pipeline is made of PVC extra heavy pipe suit PVC tubule, and two
Coincidence length between person is 10-20cm.
Preferably, the measuring basis point is arranged in not by the stratum deformation settling position of tunnel excavation function influence.
Preferably, the connecting line is flexible wires, and the flexible wires are PE fiber.
A kind of method for measurement using for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, comprising the following steps:
(1) setting measures datum mark: setting measures datum mark at the ground location not by tunnel excavation function influence, in stabilization
Stratum casting concrete block welds iron plate in the upper end of reinforcing bar, and the reinforcing bar bottom for being welded with iron plate is embedded in the coagulation
In soil block body, the first reflecting piece is pasted on iron plate；
(2) stratum embedded device is installed: avoiding building and underground utilities, selects suitable direction to drill to target by earth's surface
Layer position monitoring point will be placed in drilling bottom end with the anchoring piece of the secured bolt knot of connecting line, and pouring mortar or concrete will anchor
Part is anchored in formation at target locations；PVC tubule and PVC extra heavy pipe are successively passed through into flexible wires to predetermined position, and ensure extra heavy pipe and thin
It is 10 ~ 20cm that pipe, which is overlapped length, and the upper end is made to be located at ground predetermined position, connecting line is then passed through lightweight sphere, and even
Coil is set at terminal stud；Mobile measuring point is covered on the outside of PVC pipeline, and connection line end coil is hung on mobile measuring point
On side hanging hook, the connecting line of extra exposing is hidden in PVC pipeline；PVC pipeline basset end point paste reflecting piece conduct
End measuring point；
(3) initial reading: depth displacement of the PVC pipeline end measuring point relative to measuring basis point is measured using total stationh 0；Due to
The end coil of connecting line is hung on the hook of mobile measuring point, and tightening connecting line moves mobile measuring point downwards, until pipeline
Connection wire is exceptionally straight, measures depth displacement of the mobile measuring point relative to measuring basis point at this timeH 0；
(4) deflection of target measuring point measures: monitoring scheme is formulated as requested, the 1st measurement after carrying out initial reading,
The end measuring point of PVC pipeline and mobile measuring point are respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis pointh 1WithH 1；N-th measurement, PVC
The end measuring point of pipeline and mobile measuring point are respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis pointh nWithH n；
According to i-th measurement it is found that target measuring point is relative to deformation size μ caused by datum mark are as follows:
µ= H i- H 0+h i-h 0
Target measuring point is relative to deformation size △ μ caused by (i-1) secondary measurement resultiAre as follows:
△µi= H i- H i-1+h i-h i-1。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention has the characteristics that intensity height, durability using flexible wires, and in underground, trend can be built according to earth's surface and underground
Build object, line distribution is adjusted flexibly.The characteristic of flexible wires is utilized, flexible arrangement can be well adapted for city complexity
Environment carries out Reasonable Arrangement.
PVC pipeline moves towards arrangement along flexible wires, quick in stratum deformation for protecting flexible wires from by ground formation influence
At sense, such as: at geotechnical stratified, by way of being nested by PVC tubule and PVC extra heavy pipe and being overlapped 10-20cm with reduce stratum and
The influence that PVC pipeline deforms flexible wires, reduce measurement is influenced by the deformation of measuring point upper formation, and it is accurate to increase measurement
Property.
Monitoring point of the invention is divided into three classes, i.e. measuring basis point, end measuring point and mobile measuring point, the setting of measuring basis point
In the stratum deformation settling position not influenced by the effects of tunnel excavation；End measuring point arrives end point by being pasted onto pvc pipe
Third reflecting piece measures earth's surface deflection；Mobile measuring point using when cover on the outside of pvc pipe, slide up and down, pass through exposed flexibility
The deflection that line length changes to measure deep formation with respect to ground.Each monitoring point can be convenient for measuring point with centralized arrangement management
Protection and measure work development.
Reinforcing bar can be used in anchoring piece of the invention and iron plate welding manner makes, while can also use factory's Mass production
Plastic material anchoring piece, securely connect with flexible wires bottom end, mutually anchored by pouring mortar or concrete with formation at target locations.
The present apparatus is at low cost, principle is simple and convenient to operate, and is conducive to during engineering construction and operation phase in later period in time
Situations such as understanding and grasping deep formation consolidating settlement makes constructor take pretreatment measure in time, prevents the larger sedimentation in ground
With the generation of uneven subsidence, increase working security.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of stratum embedded device；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of mobile measuring point；
Fig. 4 is the top view of mobile measuring point.
In figure: 1-1 is total station, and 1-2 is measuring basis point, and 1-3 is end measuring point, and 1-4 is mobile measuring point, and 2-3 is line
Circle, 2-4 are PVC pipeline, and 2-5 is PVC tubule, and 2-6 is anchoring piece, and 2-7 is PVC extra heavy pipe, and 2-8 is lightweight sphere, and 2-9 is connection
Line, 3-1 are arc sleeve, and 3-2 is hook, and 3-3 is the second reflecting piece.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, including total station 1-1, it further include using institute
State the stratum embedded device of total station 1-1 measurement, and the measuring basis point 1-2 being arranged on good ground, the measurement base
1-2 is arranged at the stratum deformation settling position not influenced by the effects of tunnel excavation on schedule.As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the stratum
Embedded device includes the anchoring piece 2-6 being anchored in stratum, for the connecting line 2-9 of connection anchoring element 2-6 and earth's surface measuring point, with
And it is arranged on the outside of the connecting line 2-9 for protecting the PVC pipeline 2-4 of connecting line 2-9；On the PVC pipeline 2-4 on the ground
It is equipped with mobile measuring point 1-4 moving up and down at part, and is also fixed with end measuring point 1-3 on its top, the end is surveyed
Point 1-3 is the third reflecting piece for being pasted onto the top the PVC pipeline 2-4；The external bared end of the connecting line 2-9 passes through one
Diameter is equal to the lightweight sphere 2-8 of the PVC pipeline 2-4 diameter, and is equipped with coil 2-3 in the end of connecting line 2-9；The company
Wiring 2-9 is flexible wires, and the flexible wires are PE fiber.
The measuring basis point 1-2 includes pouring in the concret block for consolidating stratum and being partially submerged into the concrete block
Reinforcing bar in body is welded with iron plate on the exposed top of the reinforcing bar, the first reflecting piece is pasted on the iron plate.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the mobile measuring point 1-4 includes the arc sleeve 3- being sleeved on outside the PVC pipeline 2-4
1, the second reflecting piece 3- that the hook 3-2 of the upper end the arc sleeve 3-1 is set and is pasted on the outside of the arc sleeve 3-1
3。
The PVC pipeline 2-4 installed at landform deformation sensitive is made of PVC extra heavy pipe 2-7 suit PVC tubule 2-5, and the two
Between coincidence length be 10-20cm.In order to mitigate the influence that stratum deforms connecting line 2-9, increase the accurate of measurement data
Property.
This is used for the method for measurement of deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, comprising the following steps:
(1) setting measures datum mark 1-2: setting measures datum mark 1-2 at the ground location not by tunnel excavation function influence,
Casting concrete block in the earth formation welds iron plate in the upper end of reinforcing bar, and is embedded in ground for the reinforcing bar for being welded with iron plate insertion
Under concret block in, the first reflecting piece is pasted on iron plate；
(2) stratum embedded device is installed: avoiding building and underground utilities, selects suitable direction to drill to target by earth's surface
Layer position monitoring point will be placed in drilling bottom end with the anchoring piece 2-6 of the secured bolt knot of connecting line 2-9, pour mortar or concrete
Anchoring piece 2-6 is anchored in formation at target locations；PVC tubule 2-5 and PVC extra heavy pipe 2-7 is successively passed through into flexible wires to predetermined position,
And ensuring that extra heavy pipe and tubule are overlapped length is 10 ~ 20cm, so that the upper end is located at ground predetermined position, then wears connecting line 2-9
Lightweight sphere 2-8 is crossed, and coil 2-3 is set in the end point connecting line 2-9；Mobile measuring point 1-4 is covered on the outside of PVC pipeline 2-4,
And hang over the coil 2-3 of the end connecting line 2-9 on the upside of mobile measuring point 1-4 on hook 3-2, the connecting line 2-9 of extra exposing hides
In in PVC pipeline 2-4；End point stickup reflecting piece is basseted as end measuring point 1-3 in PVC pipeline 2-4；
(3) initial reading: height of the end the PVC pipeline 2-4 measuring point 1-3 relative to measuring basis point 1-2 is measured using total station 1-1
Path differenceh 0；Since the end coil 2-3 of connecting line 2-9 is hung on the hook 3-2 of mobile measuring point 1-4, tightening connecting line 2-9 makes to move
Dynamic measuring point 1-4 is moved downwards, until exposing connecting line 2-9 exceptionally straight, measures mobile measuring point 1-4 at this time relative to measuring basis
The depth displacement of point 1-2H 0；
(4) deflection of target measuring point measures: monitoring scheme is formulated as requested, the 1st measurement after carrying out initial reading,
The end measuring point 1-3 of PVC pipeline 2-4 and mobile measuring point 1-4 is respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis point 1-2h 1WithH 1；The
N times measurement, the end measuring point 1-3 of PVC pipeline 2-4 and mobile measuring point 1-4 are respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis point 1-2h nWithH n；
According to i-th measurement it is found that target measuring point is relative to deformation size μ caused by datum mark are as follows:
µ= H i- H 0+h i-h 0
Target measuring point is relative to deformation size △ μ caused by (i-1) secondary measurement resultiAre as follows:
△µi= H i- H i-1+h i-h i-1。
The measurement method of the measuring equipment is suitable for the measurement of the deep Different Strata deflection of city complex environment, the party
Method is easy to operate, and equipment therefor compact structure, suitable for the operating environment of small space, measurement result is reliable, convenient for slapping at any time
The deflection on control construction stratum, improves the safety of construction operation.
Related equipment component is conventional equipment element unless otherwise instructed in the embodiment above, related
Structure setting mode, working method or control mode are set-up mode, the working method of this field routine unless otherwise instructed
Or control mode.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, this field is common
Other modifications or equivalent replacement that technical staff makes technical solution of the present invention, without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Spirit and scope, be intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, including total station, which is characterized in that further include being arranged described
The stratum embedded device of total station front end, and the measuring basis point being arranged on good ground；
The stratum embedded device includes the anchoring piece being anchored in stratum, for the connection of connection anchoring element and earth's surface measuring point
Line, and be arranged on the outside of the connecting line for protecting the PVC pipeline of connecting line；Aerial part in the PVC pipeline
Place is equipped with mobile measuring point moving up and down, and fixed end measuring point is provided on its top；The external dew of the connecting line
Outlet passes through the lightweight sphere that a diameter is equal to the PVC pipeline diameter, and is equipped with coil in the end of connecting line；
The measuring basis point includes that the concret block being cast in good ground and bottom are embedded in the concret block
Reinforcing bar, be welded with iron plate in the reinforcing steel bars exposed end point, the first reflecting piece be pasted on the iron plate.
2. according to claim 1 be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, which is characterized in that the mobile measuring point
Including being sleeved on arc sleeve outside the PVC pipeline, the hook of the arc sleeve upper end is arranged in and being pasted onto described
The second reflecting piece on the outside of arc sleeve.
3. according to claim 1 be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, which is characterized in that the end measuring point
For the third reflecting piece for being pasted onto the PVC pipeline top.
4. it is according to claim 1 be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, which is characterized in that stratum deformation compared with
At big position, the PVC pipeline is made of PVC extra heavy pipe suit PVC tubule, and coincidence length between the two is 10-20cm.
5. according to claim 1 be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, which is characterized in that the measuring basis
Point is arranged in not by the stratum deformation settling position of tunnel excavation function influence.
6. according to claim 1 be used for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device, which is characterized in that the connecting line is
Flexible wires, the flexible wires are PE fiber.
7. it is a kind of using any method for measurement for deeper formation deformation measurement easy device of claim 1-6,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
(1) setting measures datum mark: setting measures datum mark at the ground location not by tunnel excavation function influence, on stratum
Middle casting concrete block welds iron plate in the upper end of reinforcing bar, and the reinforcing bar bottom for being welded with iron plate is embedded in concret block
In, the first reflecting piece is pasted on iron plate；
(2) stratum embedded device is installed: avoiding building and underground utilities, selects suitable direction to drill to target by earth's surface
Layer position monitoring point will be placed in drilling bottom end with the anchoring piece of the secured bolt knot of connecting line, and pouring mortar or concrete will anchor
Part is anchored in formation at target locations；PVC tubule and PVC extra heavy pipe are successively passed through into flexible wires to predetermined position, and ensure extra heavy pipe and thin
It is 10 ~ 20cm that pipe, which is overlapped length, and the upper end is made to be located at ground predetermined position, connecting line is then passed through lightweight sphere, and even
Coil is set at terminal stud；Mobile measuring point is covered on the outside of PVC pipeline, and connection line end coil is hung on mobile measuring point
On side hanging hook, the connecting line of extra exposing is hidden in PVC pipeline；PVC pipeline basset end point paste reflecting piece conduct
End measuring point；
(3) initial reading: depth displacement of the PVC pipeline end measuring point relative to measuring basis point is measured using total stationh 0；Due to even
The end coil of wiring is hung on the hook of mobile measuring point, and tightening connecting line moves mobile measuring point downwards, until in pipeline
Connecting line is exceptionally straight, measures depth displacement of the mobile measuring point relative to measuring basis point at this timeH 0；
(4) deflection of target measuring point measures: monitoring scheme is formulated as requested, the 1st measurement after carrying out initial reading,
The end measuring point of PVC pipeline and mobile measuring point are respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis pointh 1WithH 1；N-th measurement, PVC
The end measuring point of pipeline and mobile measuring point are respectively relative to the depth displacement of measuring basis pointh nWithH n；
According to i-th measurement it is found that target measuring point is relative to deformation size μ caused by datum mark are as follows:
µ= H i- H 0+h i-h 0
Target measuring point is relative to deformation size △ μ caused by (i-1) secondary measurement resultiAre as follows:
△µi= H i- H i-1+h i-h i-1。
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| CN201910812872.0A CN110514184B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Simple device for measuring deep stratum deformation and measuring method thereof |
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| CN201910812872.0A CN110514184B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Simple device for measuring deep stratum deformation and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110567448A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-13 | 中铁十二局集团建筑安装工程有限公司 | Method for measuring elevation coordinates by total station |
| CN111276915A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction is with monitoring components and parts cable protection device |
| CN113432581A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 天津市勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for carrying out high-precision vault settlement observation by using precision leveling point |
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Inventor after: Sun Zhenchuan Inventor after: Feng Huanhuan Inventor after: You Yongfeng Inventor after: Kou Xiaolin Inventor after: Zhang Hongda Inventor after: Yang Luwei Inventor after: Sun Feixiang Inventor after: Cao Bin Inventor after: Li Fengyuan Inventor after: Zhou Jianjun Inventor after: Zhang Bing Inventor after: Yang Zhenxing Inventor after: Lv Qianqian Inventor after: Chen Ruixiang Inventor before: Sun Zhenchuan Inventor before: You Yongfeng Inventor before: Kou Xiaolin Inventor before: Zhang Hongda Inventor before: Yang Luwei Inventor before: Sun Feixiang Inventor before: Li Fengyuan Inventor before: Zhou Jianjun Inventor before: Zhang Bing Inventor before: Yang Zhenxing Inventor before: Lv Qianqian Inventor before: Chen Ruixiang Inventor before: Feng Huanhuan |
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