CN110506675A - A method of cold water fishes is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area - Google Patents
A method of cold water fishes is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area Download PDFInfo
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- CN110506675A CN110506675A CN201910659048.6A CN201910659048A CN110506675A CN 110506675 A CN110506675 A CN 110506675A CN 201910659048 A CN201910659048 A CN 201910659048A CN 110506675 A CN110506675 A CN 110506675A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000277275 Oncorhynchus mykiss Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000881711 Acipenser sturio Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000276446 Gadiformes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000277263 Salmo Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000353345 Odontesthes regia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000277329 Oncorhynchus keta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001529596 Pontinus kuhlii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000026487 Triploidy Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037081 physical activity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000252344 Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001327647 Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butalbital Chemical compound CC(C)CC1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000277269 Oncorhynchus masou Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001596927 Enoplosus armatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A method of cold water fishes is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area, implement natural light+white LED lamp light filling aquaculture model when seawater upper layer temperature is lower than the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, after seawater TNE UPPER SEA TEMPERATURE is more than its optimum growth temperature upper limit, the blue LED illumination lamp that water layer under thermocline is set in net cage is opened, the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water is implemented.Due to the development of large-scale net cage equipment, people can cultivate cold water fishes in warm sea area, but cultured fishes need to spend very long summer in dark profundal zone, and the environment of long-term dark is totally unfavorable to the growth of cultured fishes, solves the above problem, this method is small on the influence of breeding water body thermal environment, and has many advantages, such as that cultured fishes growth can be accelerated, inhibit gonad development, reduce deformity, easy to operate, economical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquacultures and marine resources development field, and in particular to a kind of to utilize in open warm sea area
The method that net cage light filling cultivates cold water fish is used to support seawater fish cage culture and expands to far-reaching sea.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's mariculture industry, the extensive sea-farming in coastal waters brings industry conflict, ecology danger
A series of problems, such as evil, pest and disease risk, quality safety.Therefore, mariculture industry is expanded from coastal waters to offshore and far-reaching sea
Inexorable trend as China's sea-farming industry development.
Since upper ocean water temperature is excessively high, China in the past cannot be in cold water fishes such as the open sea area cultivation salmon trouts of offshore.
But in recent years due to getting over the application of laminar net cage and full submersible net cage (such as " dark blue No. 1 "), in the cold water of warm sea area cultivation
Property fish dive can spend very long summer into middle lower layer's cold water of water body when summer, surface temperature was high.However, long-term life
Totally unfavorable to fish in the environment of middle lower layer's dark, the growth that not only will affect cultured fishes also will increase abnormal rate etc..
To illumination, (intensity of illumination, photochromic, illumination is all about cold water fishes for development and people due to cold light source LED light
Phase) adaptability cognition, now, for the life of summer net cage deep water dark region cold water fish provide that suitable illumination has become can
Energy.
The present invention is a kind of method in warm sea area using net cage light filling cultivation cold water fishes, by extending to cold water
Fish grows advantageous light application time, provides suitable illumination especially for the cold water fish of summer net cage deep water dark region life,
Promote cultured fishes growth, inhibit gonad development, reduces abnormal rate.This method is a kind of urgent need skill of deep off-lying sea cultivation development
Art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of warm sea area using net cage light filling cultivation cold water fishes method, with gram
Take the deficiencies in the prior art.
A method of cold water fish is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
First on more laminar net cage (net is deeper, partially on thermocline, partially under thermocline) or full submersible net cage
Portion and middle part installation are used for the LED light source of light filling,
Wherein each white LED lamp is arranged in above net cage, the position away from water surface for aquaculture no more than 2m, and white LED lamp function
Rate is 0.50W/ m2；
Each blue LED lamp is arranged in the middle part of net cage, the position under seawater thermocline, and blue LED lamp power is
0.25W/ m2；
Secondly, the upper limit of the optimum growth temperature of the cold water fish cultivated required for being determined according to existing knowledge,
Then the cold water fish of required cultivation is thrown in the more laminar net cage or full submersible net cage, and in different seasons
Section takes following different light filling breeding way:
(1) spring, before upper ocean water temperature rises to the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, net cage uses natural light+white light
LED light light filling aquaculture model, daily light application time are 20 ~ 22 hours, i.e., natural light adds artificially feed duration to be equal to 20 ~ 22 small
When, i.e., periodicity of illumination is 20 ~ 22L:04 ~ 02D, until early summer；This stage throws cold water fish according to conventional cultivation mode
Hello, i.e., bait is thrown on the water surface；Wherein 20 ~ 22L indicates light application time, and 04 ~ 02D indicates the interlunation of no light, unit:
Hour,
(2) to early summer, when upper ocean water temperature is more than the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, fish dive to middle lower layer sea
Water, i.e., water body activity, comes into effect the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water, i.e., underwater blue LED lamp opens 20 ~ 22 daily under thermocline
Hour, periodicity of illumination is 20 ~ 22L:04 ~ 02D, until autumn Mo；This stage feeds mode using deep water to cold water fish and throws
Hello, i.e., directly bait is thrown under thermocline；
(3), to autumn Mo, when upper ocean water temperature is down to the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, fish float, and activity is in water body
Upper layer is again carried out 20 ~ 22L:04 of natural light+white LED lamp light filling ~ 02D aquaculture model, until spring next year；This stage,
Cold water fish is still fed according to conventional cultivation mode,
If cultured fishes do not reach the marketable fish size of 4000g or more, or do not reach bigger expectation specification, repeat with
Upper step (1)-(3), until cultured fishes reach desired specification.
The cold water fish refers to according to usual definition, water temperature to 20 DEG C or more cannot normal growth or existence fish
Class, including salmon shape mesh, Gadiformes, Gadiformes and Rockfish shape purpose fish.
The cold water fish is Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), silverside, spot trout, chum salmon, mandarin sturgeon, Russia sieve
This sturgeon, oldwife, beshow and their triploid, complete female or trans genie individual.
The cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit refers to according to usual definition, when water temperature is more than this critical-temperature
The cultured fishes speed of growth can slow down afterwards, if Atlantic salmon is 19 DEG C or so.
The wavelength that the blue LED lamp uses is 465nm.
The white LED lamp refers to full-spectrum LED lamp.
Setting water layer under thermocline refers to according to common definition, and temperature is arranged in water body and density is anxious
It such as in Huanghai Cold Water Mass sea area is arranged above and below -30m water layer under one thin water layer of drastic change.
The present invention combine current cold light source LED light development and for cold water fishes to illumination (intensity of illumination, it is photochromic,
Periodicity of illumination) adaptability progress, realize for summer net cage deep water dark region life cold water fish provide it is suitable
Illumination.
Core of the invention is a kind of to cultivate various cold water fishes using net cage light filling technology in open warm sea area
Method, extend and advantageous light application time grown to cold water fish, especially for the cold water of summer net cage deep water dark region life
Property fish suitable illumination is provided, promote cultured fishes growth, inhibit gonad development, reduce abnormal rate.This method is a kind of depth
The urgent need technology of off-lying sea cultivation development has complied with the development trend that aquaculture is expanded from coastal waters to offshore and far-reaching sea.
Specific embodiment
Basic mode of the invention is implemented certainly when seawater upper layer temperature is lower than the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit
Right light+white LED lamp light filling aquaculture model is opened in net cage after seawater TNE UPPER SEA TEMPERATURE is more than its optimum growth temperature upper limit
The blue LED illumination lamp of water layer under thermocline is set, the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water is implemented.
(high 50 meters or so are netted, net using layer bottom-sitting type net cage is got over 120 nautical miles to the east of sunshine of Huanghai Cold Water Mass sea area
Case is suitable for reading to expose the surface, and net cage bottom is close to seabed；About 2500 m of net cage cross-sectional area2) cultivation rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) for, illustrate such as
Under:
(1) spring, on seawater upper layer, temperature is risen to before 20 DEG C of the optimum growth temperature upper limit of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), and net cage uses nature
Light+white LED lamp light filling aquaculture model, daily light application time are 22 hours, i.e., natural light adds artificially feed duration to be equal to 22 small
When, periodicity of illumination 22L:02D, until mid-June.
(2) in the above 2m or more of water surface for aquaculture, quantity and power are 12 and 100W/ for white LED lamp setting；Daily
About 2 hours unlatching LED light before sunset, about 2 hours closing LED light before sunrise.
(3) to mid-June, when cold water mass aquaculture sea area TNE UPPER SEA TEMPERATURE reaches 20 DEG C or so, age in winter for being cultivated in net cage
(1SW) rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fingerling (about 1000g) starts the lower water column dive into net cage, at this moment opens the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water,
Open the blue LED illumination lamp being arranged under thermocline in net cage.
(4) the thermocline depth of the aquaculture sea area is about above and below -25m, and therefore, LED illumination lamp and bait throwing in nozzle are all arranged
Above and below -30m water layer.
(5) blue LED illumination lamp wavelength 465nm, quantity and power are 12 and 50W/；Periodicity of illumination still uses 22L:
02D, i.e., daily 5:00 turn on light, and next day, 3:00 turned off the light；Until late October.
(6), to 10 the end of month, after surface seawater temperature is down to 20 DEG C or less, the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of cultivation starts to float, and specification is reachable
2000g or so stops the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water.
(7) natural light+white LED lamp light filling aquaculture model is opened, and periodicity of illumination still uses 22L:02D；Until cultured fishes
Reach the marketable fish size of 4000g or more.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of utilize the method for net cage light filling cultivation cold water fishes in warm sea area, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
First in more laminar net cage (part dictyosome on thermocline, partially the deep water mesh cage under thermocline) or full submersible
Net cage top and middle part installation are used for the LED light source of light filling,
Wherein each white LED lamp is arranged in above net cage, the position away from water surface for aquaculture no more than 2m, and white LED lamp function
Rate is 0.50W/ m2；The white LED lamp refers to full-spectrum LED lamp；
Each blue LED lamp is arranged in the middle part of net cage, the position under seawater thermocline, and blue LED lamp power is
0.25W/ m2；The wavelength that the blue LED lamp uses is 465nm；
Secondly, the upper limit of the optimum growth temperature of the cold water fish cultivated required for determining, then by the cold water of required cultivation
Fish are thrown in more laminar net cage or full submersible net cage, and following different light filling cultivation side is taken in different seasons
Formula:
(1) spring, before upper ocean water temperature rises to the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, net cage uses natural light+white light
LED light light filling aquaculture model, daily light application time are 20 ~ 22 hours, i.e., natural light adds artificially feed duration to be equal to 20 ~ 22 small
When, i.e., periodicity of illumination is 20 ~ 22L:04 ~ 02D, until early summer；This stage throws cold water fish according to conventional cultivation mode
Hello, i.e., bait is thrown on the water surface；Wherein 20 ~ 22L indicates light application time, and 04 ~ 02D indicates the interlunation of no light, unit:
Hour,
(2) to early summer, when upper ocean water temperature is more than the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, fish dive to middle lower layer sea
Water, i.e., water body activity, comes into effect the long illumination aquaculture model of deep water, i.e., underwater blue LED lamp opens 20 ~ 22 daily under thermocline
Hour, periodicity of illumination is 20 ~ 22L:04 ~ 02D, until autumn Mo；This stage feeds mode using deep water to cold water fish and throws
Hello, i.e., directly bait is thrown under thermocline；
(3), to autumn Mo, when upper ocean water temperature is down to the cultured fishes optimum growth temperature upper limit, fish float, and activity is in water body
Upper layer is again carried out 20 ~ 22L:04 of natural light+white LED lamp light filling ~ 02D aquaculture model, until spring next year；This stage,
Cold water fish is still fed according to conventional cultivation mode,
If cultured fishes do not reach the marketable fish size of 4000g or more, or do not reach bigger expectation specification, repeat with
Upper step (1)-(3), until cultured fishes reach desired specification.
2. the method for cultivating cold water fish using net cage light filling in warm sea area as described in claim 1, feature
Be cold water fish refer to water temperature to 20 DEG C or more cannot normal growth or existence fish, including salmon shape mesh, Gadiformes, cod shape
Mesh and Rockfish shape purpose fish.
3. as claimed in claim 2 in warm sea area using the method for net cage light filling cultivation cold water fish, it is characterized in that described
Cold water fish be Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), silverside, spot trout, chum salmon, mandarin sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedti Brandt, the Pacific Ocean
Cod, beshow and their triploid, complete female or trans genie individual.
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| CN201910659048.6A CN110506675A (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | A method of cold water fishes is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area |
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| CN201910659048.6A CN110506675A (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2019-07-22 | A method of cold water fishes is cultivated using net cage light filling in warm sea area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116998427A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Sea water net cage comprehensive breeding method for salmon, yellow-streak and sturgeon |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116998427A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-11-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Sea water net cage comprehensive breeding method for salmon, yellow-streak and sturgeon |
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