CN110500686B - Multi-temperature-zone multi-combined supply system - Google Patents
Multi-temperature-zone multi-combined supply system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种多温区多联供系统。本发明包括各温级系统,由压缩机、中温级冷凝器、高温级冷凝器、中温级蒸发器、低温级蒸发器、节流阀、气液分离器组成。本系统可实现多温区多联供功能,可实现同时不同温级的制冷、供热、制生活热水的功能。制冷剂的多级增压和多级冷凝多级蒸发过程,通过多级冷凝过程实现对空气(水)的多次连续加热,可显著减小空气(水)加热过程的换热不可逆损失。通过多级蒸发过程,提升能效,提高经济效益。
The present invention discloses a multi-temperature zone combined supply system. The present invention includes various temperature level systems, which are composed of a compressor, a medium temperature level condenser, a high temperature level condenser, a medium temperature level evaporator, a low temperature level evaporator, a throttle valve, and a gas-liquid separator. The system can realize the multi-temperature zone combined supply function, and can realize the functions of refrigeration, heating, and domestic hot water production at different temperature levels at the same time. The multi-stage pressurization, multi-stage condensation, and multi-stage evaporation process of the refrigerant can realize multiple continuous heating of the air (water) through the multi-stage condensation process, which can significantly reduce the heat exchange irreversible loss of the air (water) heating process. Through the multi-stage evaporation process, energy efficiency is improved and economic benefits are improved.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及制冷、供暖技术领域,尤其涉及一种多温区多联供系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and heating, and in particular to a multi-temperature zone combined heat and power supply system.
背景技术Background technique
能源与环境问题已然成为限制我国经济和社会发展的重要因素。制冷空调领域的高耗能及其对环境的污染引起人们的普遍关注,同时也成为限制制冷空调发展的制约因素。对于民用和商业应用领域,多温区制冷及供热需求日益剧增。目前的解决方案大多是通过两个或者多个设备的使用来达到不同温区的要求,这样不仅造成了能源的极大浪费,还会对环境造成破坏。而且,大多数设备充注的制冷剂也多为HFCs等高GWP工质。Energy and environmental issues have become important factors restricting my country's economic and social development. The high energy consumption and environmental pollution in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning have attracted widespread attention and have also become a limiting factor in the development of refrigeration and air conditioning. For civil and commercial applications, the demand for multi-temperature zone refrigeration and heating is increasing rapidly. Most of the current solutions are to use two or more devices to meet the requirements of different temperature zones, which not only causes a huge waste of energy, but also damages the environment. Moreover, the refrigerants charged in most equipment are high GWP working fluids such as HFCs.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明目的在于提供一种新型多温区多联供系统,利用机组系统将能量转移到所需空间内,满足用户对所需空间温度等的需求。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel multi-temperature zone cogeneration system, which utilizes a unit system to transfer energy to a desired space to meet the user's requirements for the desired space temperature, etc.
多温区多联供系统主要由压缩机、气液分离器、高温级冷凝器、中温级冷凝器、低温级蒸发器、中温级蒸发器和节流阀组成。The multi-temperature zone cogeneration system is mainly composed of a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a high-temperature condenser, a medium-temperature condenser, a low-temperature evaporator, a medium-temperature evaporator and a throttle valve.
低压级压缩机压缩来自低温级蒸发器的制冷剂后与流经中温级蒸发器内的制冷剂混合,经过一段管道后,又与来自气液分离器一内的经节流后的制冷剂气体进行混合后再经中压级压缩机进行压缩。压缩后的制冷剂气体分成两路,一路则与气液分离器二内的制冷剂气体混合后经过高压级压缩机再次进行压缩后流经高温级冷凝器后进行节流,节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂在气液分离器二内进行储存,另外一路则是流经中温级冷凝器(制冷剂侧)后与气液分离器二内的制冷剂液体进行混合后经节流阀节流后流经至气液分离器一。气液分离器一内的气体经节流后与来自低压级压缩机和中温级蒸发器内的气体进行混合后由中压级压缩机吸入;而气液分离器一内的制冷剂液体则分成两路,一路经节流阀节流后流经中温级蒸发器与低压级压缩机压缩后的气体进行混合,另一路则是经节流阀节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂流经低温级蒸发器后被低压级压缩机吸入,如此反复,完成循环。The low-pressure compressor compresses the refrigerant from the low-temperature evaporator and mixes it with the refrigerant flowing through the medium-temperature evaporator. After passing through a section of pipeline, it is mixed with the throttled refrigerant gas from the gas-liquid separator 1 and compressed by the medium-pressure compressor. The compressed refrigerant gas is divided into two paths. One path is mixed with the refrigerant gas in the gas-liquid separator 2 and compressed again by the high-pressure compressor. After throttling, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state after throttling is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2. The other path flows through the medium-temperature condenser (refrigerant side) and mixes with the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 2. After throttling through the throttle valve, it flows to the gas-liquid separator 1. The gas in the gas-liquid separator 1 is throttled and mixed with the gas from the low-pressure compressor and the medium-temperature evaporator, and then sucked into the medium-pressure compressor; the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 1 is divided into two paths, one path is throttled by the throttle valve and flows through the medium-temperature evaporator to mix with the gas compressed by the low-pressure compressor, and the other path is the refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state throttled by the throttle valve, flows through the low-temperature evaporator and is sucked into the low-pressure compressor, and this cycle is repeated to complete the cycle.
使用的工质为可采用R1234ze(Z)、R1234ze(E)、R1233zd(E)、R1224yd(Z)、R1336mzz(Z)、R365mfc、R1234yf、R245fa等纯制冷剂,也可采用CO2/R1234ze(E)、CO2/R1234ze(Z)、CO2/R1234yf、R41/R1234ze(E)、R41/R1234ze(Z)、R41/R1234yf、R32/R1234ze(E)、R32/R1234ze(Z)、R32/R1234yf等非共沸混合工质。The working fluid used may be pure refrigerants such as R1234ze(Z), R1234ze(E), R1233zd(E), R1224yd(Z), R1336mzz(Z), R365mfc, R1234yf, R245fa, etc., or non-azeotropic mixed working fluids such as CO 2 /R1234ze(E), CO 2 /R1234ze(Z), CO 2 /R1234yf, R41/R1234ze(E), R41/R1234ze(Z), R41/R1234yf, R32/R1234ze(E), R32/R1234ze(Z), R32/R1234yf, etc.
热水先流经低温级冷凝器进行换热,水温升高,再进入高温级冷凝器进行换热,水温继续升高,通过两次换热,可以减小换热过程的不可逆损失。The hot water first flows through the low-temperature condenser for heat exchange, the water temperature rises, and then enters the high-temperature condenser for heat exchange, the water temperature continues to rise. Through two heat exchanges, the irreversible loss of the heat exchange process can be reduced.
低温级蒸发器、中温级蒸发器可以分别放置在不同的储藏库或者冷库中,以此来达到不同温区的要求。低温级蒸发器可以储存肉类、鱼类等食品;中温级蒸发器温度略高,可以储存乳制品、蔬菜水果、蛋类等。低温级蒸发器、中温级蒸发器也可以用作夏季室内房间的制冷。Low-temperature evaporators and medium-temperature evaporators can be placed in different storages or cold storages to meet the requirements of different temperature zones. Low-temperature evaporators can store foods such as meat and fish; medium-temperature evaporators have a slightly higher temperature and can store dairy products, vegetables, fruits, eggs, etc. Low-temperature evaporators and medium-temperature evaporators can also be used to cool indoor rooms in summer.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1)多温区多联供系统的制冷剂为低GWP工质或其混合物,是环境友好的制冷剂,大大缓解了温室效应,环保优势明显。(1) The refrigerant of the multi-temperature zone cogeneration system is a low-GWP refrigerant or its mixture, which is an environmentally friendly refrigerant that greatly alleviates the greenhouse effect and has obvious environmental advantages.
(2)多温区多联供系统可以采用一套系统即可实现多种温区的功能,设备集成,系统紧凑,方便不同温区的需求,减小设备占地。(2) The multi-temperature zone cogeneration system can use one set of systems to achieve the functions of multiple temperature zones. The equipment is integrated and the system is compact, which meets the needs of different temperature zones and reduces the equipment footprint.
(3)相对传统热泵系统,水依次流过不同温位的中温级冷凝器与高温级冷凝器,水与工质的温度匹配更加优异,换热平均温差明显减小,降低了换热不可逆损失,系统能效提升。(3) Compared with the traditional heat pump system, water flows through the medium-temperature condenser and the high-temperature condenser at different temperatures in turn. The temperature matching between water and the working fluid is better, the average temperature difference of heat exchange is significantly reduced, the irreversible loss of heat exchange is reduced, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved.
(4)与传统单级及双级压缩热泵系统相比,流过高温级压缩机的制冷剂流量显著减小,减小了高温级压缩机的体积及造价,减轻了系统的体积、重量和初投资,系统更加紧凑。(4) Compared with traditional single-stage and two-stage compression heat pump systems, the refrigerant flow rate flowing through the high-temperature compressor is significantly reduced, which reduces the size and cost of the high-temperature compressor, reduces the size, weight and initial investment of the system, and makes the system more compact.
(5)系统若采用混合制冷剂时,可以明显减小换热过程的不可逆损失,使得能源得到更合理的使用,系统效率得以提升。(5) If the system uses a mixed refrigerant, the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process can be significantly reduced, so that energy can be used more reasonably and the system efficiency can be improved.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的系统示意图;FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention;
图2为本发明的系统示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效,兹例举以下实施例,并配合附图详细说明如下:In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given as examples and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
实施例1:两级联供系统,其工作原理是:Embodiment 1: Two-stage cogeneration system, its working principle is:
第一步:低压级压缩机1压缩来自低温级蒸发器4的制冷剂后与流经中温级蒸发器2内的制冷剂混合,经过一段管道后,又与来自气液分离器一6内的经节流阀三7后的制冷剂气体进行混合后在经中压级压缩机8进行压缩。The first step: the low-pressure compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant from the low-temperature evaporator 4 and mixes it with the refrigerant flowing through the medium-temperature evaporator 2. After passing through a section of pipeline, it is mixed with the refrigerant gas from the gas-liquid separator 6 after passing through the throttle valve 3 7 and then compressed by the medium-pressure compressor 8.
第二步:压缩后的制冷剂气体分成两路,一路则与气液分离器二10内的制冷剂气体混合后经过高压级压缩机11再次进行压缩后流经高温级冷凝器12后进入节流阀四13进行节流,节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂在气液分离器二10内进行储存,另外一路则是流经中温级冷凝器9(制冷剂侧)后与气液分离器二10内的制冷剂液体进行混合后经节流阀二5节流后流经至气液分离器一6。Step 2: The compressed refrigerant gas is divided into two paths. One path is mixed with the refrigerant gas in the gas-liquid separator 10 and then compressed again by the high-pressure compressor 11. After flowing through the high-temperature condenser 12, it enters the throttle valve 4 13 for throttling. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state after throttling is stored in the gas-liquid separator 10. The other path flows through the medium-temperature condenser 9 (refrigerant side) and then mixes with the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 10. After throttling through the throttle valve 2 5, it flows to the gas-liquid separator 1 6.
第三步:气液分离器一6内的气体经节流阀三7后与来自低压级压缩机1和中温级蒸发器2内的气体进行混合后由中压级压缩机8吸入;而气液分离器一6内的制冷剂液体则分成两路,一路经节流阀五14节流后流经中温级蒸发器2与低压级压缩机1压缩后的气体进行混合,另一路则是经节流阀一3节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂流经低温级蒸发器4后被低压级压缩机1吸入,如此反复,完成循环。Step 3: The gas in the gas-liquid separator 6 is mixed with the gas from the low-pressure compressor 1 and the medium-temperature evaporator 2 after passing through the throttle valve 3 7, and then is sucked into the medium-pressure compressor 8; and the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 6 is divided into two paths, one path is throttled by the throttle valve 5 14, flows through the medium-temperature evaporator 2 and mixes with the gas compressed by the low-pressure compressor 1, and the other path is the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state after throttling by the throttle valve 3, flows through the low-temperature evaporator 4 and is sucked into the low-pressure compressor 1, and this cycle is repeated to complete the cycle.
高温级冷凝器可用于制备高温热水等;中温级冷凝器可用于制取生活热水等;中温级蒸发器可用于食品(乳制品、蛋类)的储藏;低温级蒸发器可用于冷冻肉类等食品;根据不同的需求,两种蒸发器还可以用于室内房间的降温等。High-temperature condensers can be used to prepare high-temperature hot water, etc.; medium-temperature condensers can be used to prepare domestic hot water, etc.; medium-temperature evaporators can be used to store food (dairy products, eggs); low-temperature evaporators can be used to freeze meat and other foods; according to different needs, the two evaporators can also be used to cool indoor rooms, etc.
实施例2:三级联供系统,其工作原理是:Embodiment 2: Three-stage cogeneration system, its working principle is:
第一步:低压级压缩机1压缩来自低温级蒸发器4的制冷剂后与流经中温级蒸发器2内的制冷剂混合,经过一段管道后,混合的制冷剂气体被中压级压缩机8吸入并进行压缩。Step 1: The low-pressure compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant from the low-temperature evaporator 4 and mixes it with the refrigerant flowing through the medium-temperature evaporator 2. After passing through a section of pipeline, the mixed refrigerant gas is sucked into the medium-pressure compressor 8 and compressed.
第二步:经过中压级压缩机8压缩后的制冷剂分成两路,一路则与气液分离器二10内的制冷剂气体混合后经过高压级压缩机11再次进行压缩后流经高温级冷凝器12后进行节流阀四13,节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂在气液分离器二10内进行储存;另一路与来自气液分离器一6内的制冷剂经过第二中压级压缩机15压缩后的气体进行混合,流经中温级冷凝器9,而后与气液分离器二10内的制冷剂液体再次混合,经节流阀二5节流后流经至气液分离器一6。Step 2: The refrigerant compressed by the medium-pressure compressor 8 is divided into two paths. One path is mixed with the refrigerant gas in the gas-liquid separator 10 and then compressed again by the high-pressure compressor 11, and then flows through the high-temperature condenser 12 and passes through the throttle valve 4 13. The refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state after throttling is stored in the gas-liquid separator 10; the other path is mixed with the gas compressed by the second medium-pressure compressor 15 from the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 6, flows through the medium-temperature condenser 9, and then mixed with the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 10 again, and flows to the gas-liquid separator 6 after throttling by the throttle valve 2 5.
第三步:气液分离器一6内的气体被第二中压级压缩机15吸入并压缩,而气液分离器一6内的制冷剂液体则分成两路,一路经节流阀五14节流后流经中温级蒸发器2与低压级压缩机1压缩后的气体进行混合,另一路则是经节流阀一3节流后的气液两相状态的制冷剂流经低温级蒸发器4后被低压级压缩机1吸入,如此反复,完成循环。Step 3: The gas in the gas-liquid separator 6 is sucked into and compressed by the second medium-pressure compressor 15, and the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator 6 is divided into two paths. One path is throttled by the throttle valve 5 14 and flows through the medium-temperature evaporator 2 to mix with the gas compressed by the low-pressure compressor 1. The other path is the refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state after throttling by the throttle valve 3, flows through the low-temperature evaporator 4 and is sucked into the low-pressure compressor 1. This cycle is repeated to complete the cycle.
高温级冷凝器可用于制备高温热水等;中温级冷凝器可用于制取生活热水等;中温级蒸发器可用于食品(乳制品、蛋类)的储藏;低温级蒸发器可用于冷冻肉类等食品;根据不同的需求,两种蒸发器还可以用于室内房间的降温等。High-temperature condensers can be used to prepare high-temperature hot water, etc.; medium-temperature condensers can be used to prepare domestic hot water, etc.; medium-temperature evaporators can be used to store food (dairy products, eggs); low-temperature evaporators can be used to freeze meat and other foods; according to different needs, the two evaporators can also be used to cool indoor rooms, etc.
尽管上面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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