CN110482683B - Sewage advanced treatment method and equipment based on activated carbon technology - Google Patents
Sewage advanced treatment method and equipment based on activated carbon technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110482683B CN110482683B CN201910665816.9A CN201910665816A CN110482683B CN 110482683 B CN110482683 B CN 110482683B CN 201910665816 A CN201910665816 A CN 201910665816A CN 110482683 B CN110482683 B CN 110482683B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 317
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical class C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 13
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
- C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sewage advanced treatment method and treatment equipment based on an activated carbon technology. The method comprises the following steps: 1) Injecting a wastewater sample to be treated into a culture device, and then adding powdery activated carbon and a culture solution; 2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device; 3) Introducing sewage to be treated into the biological activated carbon water treatment device, and performing first aeration treatment to obtain biodegradable produced water; 4) Introducing the biodegradable produced water into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, adding a sewage treatment reagent, and performing secondary aeration treatment; 5) Filtering the multifunctional treated produced water by an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard. The treatment method greatly simplifies the existing technical process of advanced municipal sewage treatment technology, improves the use efficiency of the activated carbon, and reduces the investment and operation cost of advanced municipal sewage treatment to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the device has simple structure and low use cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage advanced treatment method and equipment based on an activated carbon technology.
Technical Field
With the rapid development of the economy and the continuous growth of the population in China, the demand of the water for production and life is continuously increased, and the shortage of clean water sources is gradually reduced. At present, more than 60% of cities in China are water-deficient, and nearly 20% of cities are water-deficient with serious consequences, so that the shortage of water resources has become an important factor for restricting the economic construction and urban development in China. In order to solve the problem of water resource shortage, water regeneration and reuse, the development of municipal sewage as a second water source has been increasingly receiving attention. The urban sewage is used as an origin, advanced treatment and reuse are carried out according to the needs, and then industrial production, urban greening, municipal water and the like are supplied, so that the urban sewage is the most effective way for solving the water resource shortage. Not only can realize the recycling of water, but also can effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution. In recent years, with further improvement of wastewater pollutant emission standards in China and places, the technical defects that main pollutants such as chromaticity, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended matters of tail water are out of standard and the like of the traditional municipal wastewater treatment plants adopting secondary or tertiary biochemical treatment are common. In the current market, the advanced treatment technology for the tail water of municipal sewage treatment plants mainly comprises the following steps: artificial wetland treatment technology, membrane treatment technology, ozone advanced treatment technology and active carbon advanced treatment technology. The constructed wetland treatment technology has the technical defects of large occupied area, unstable water outlet quality and the like, the membrane treatment technology has the technical defects of high water outlet quality, excessively high operation cost, incapability of properly disposing concentrated water generated by a system and the like, and the ozone advanced treatment technology has good treatment effect on main pollutants of tail water, and has the technical defects of complex process flow, risk of secondary byproduct pollution and the like. The advanced treatment technology of the activated carbon utilizes the physical adsorption capacity of the activated carbon to combine the microorganism combined treatment attached to the surface of the activated carbon, has good decoloring and deodorizing effects, has obvious removal effects on main pollutants of tail water, but still has the technical defects that the non-biochemical organic pollutants with certain concentration including dinitrophenol, dinitrobenzene and the like cannot be adsorbed and degraded, the current advanced treatment of the activated carbon also has complex technological process, low using efficiency of the activated carbon, excessive consumption and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a sewage advanced treatment method and treatment equipment based on an activated carbon technology. The treatment method greatly simplifies the existing technical process of advanced municipal sewage treatment technology, improves the use efficiency of the activated carbon, and reduces the investment and operation cost of advanced municipal sewage treatment to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the sewage advanced treatment method based on the activated carbon technology of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Injecting a wastewater sample to be treated into a culture device, adding powdery activated carbon and a culture solution, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface;
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) Introducing sewage to be treated into the biological activated carbon water treatment device, and performing first aeration treatment to obtain biodegradable produced water; in the step, the microorganisms on the biological activated carbon convert part of biodegradable organic matters in the consumed wastewater into carbon dioxide for degradation elimination;
4) Introducing the biodegradable produced water into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, adding a sewage treatment medicament into the multifunctional sewage treatment device, and performing secondary aeration treatment to obtain multifunctional treated produced water;
5) And filtering the multifunctional treated produced water by an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard.
Preferably, further preferably, the culture solution in step 1) is: one or more of glucose, starch, urea or ammonium salts.
In the step 3), the air-water ratio is controlled to be 20-30:1 in the first aeration treatment, and the treatment time is 90-120 min.
The sewage treatment agent in step 4) comprises: the device comprises powdery active carbon, anion exchange resin, a phosphorus precipitant and a flocculating agent, wherein the phosphorus precipitant is calcium hydroxide and/or calcium chloride, and the flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride and/or polyacrylamide.
Still more preferably, in step 4), the gas-water ratio is controlled to be 15-20:1 during the second aeration treatment.
In the step 4), the adding amount of the sewage treatment agent is as follows: the powdery activated carbon is 0.005-0.01% of the total weight of the sewage to be treated, the adding amount of the anion exchange resin is 2-5 mg/l, the adding amount of the calcium hydroxide and/or the calcium chloride is 0.01-0.05% of the total weight of the sewage to be treated, the adding amount of the polyaluminum chloride is 30-80 mg/l, and the adding amount of the polyacrylamide is 2-5 mg/l.
In the step 5), the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.4-10 nm.
The invention also provides a sewage advanced treatment device based on the activated carbon technology: the device comprises a biological activated carbon water treatment device and a multifunctional sewage treatment device which are communicated through a transfusion pipeline, wherein a filtering membrane component is arranged in the multifunctional sewage treatment device, a wastewater collection inlet, an activated carbon collection inlet and an activated carbon discharge outlet are arranged on the biological activated carbon water treatment device, an activated carbon reflux device is arranged on the multifunctional sewage treatment device, the outlet end of the activated carbon reflux device is communicated with the activated carbon collection inlet, and a negative pressure water suction pump is connected to the outlet of the filtering membrane component.
Preferably, the multifunctional water treatment device is provided with three medicament feeding inlets which are respectively an active carbon feeding inlet, an ion exchange resin feeding inlet and a phosphorus precipitant feeding inlet.
Still preferably, a first aeration system is arranged in the biological activated carbon device, and a second aeration system is arranged in the carbon-water separation device.
The invention relates to a sewage advanced treatment method based on an activated carbon technology, which comprises the following steps: through culturing and domesticating the biological activated carbon with surface parasitic microorganisms, the municipal sewage is subjected to degradation treatment of biodegradable matters, produced water enters the multifunctional sewage treatment device, and the multifunctional sewage treatment device is supplemented with sewage treatment agents: the novel sewage treatment device comprises active carbon, anion exchange resin, phosphorus precipitant (calcium hydroxide and/or calcium chloride), flocculant (polyaluminum chloride and/or polyacrylamide) and the like, wherein the newly-supplemented active carbon is used for adsorbing non-biodegradable organic matters and other impurities in sewage, the anion exchange resin can be used for treating nitrate nitrogen impurities in sewage, the phosphorus precipitant is used for carrying out precipitation treatment on phosphorus in sewage, the flocculant can enable fine particles and natural colloidal particles in the water to be aggregated into large floccules, and the subsequent ultrafiltration membrane filtration operation is combined to effectively remove the impurities in the sewage. After the activated carbon reflux device is additionally arranged on the multifunctional sewage treatment device, the total carbon amount in the multifunctional sewage treatment device is controlled, the refluxed activated carbon can be continuously adsorbed on the surface of the biological activated carbon water treatment device to form the biological activated carbon, the degradable organisms in the sewage are further adsorbed, the bottom of the biological activated carbon water treatment device is provided with the activated carbon discharge port, and the carbon content in the biological activated carbon water treatment device is controlled in a proper range. The discharged carbon can be partially used as a strain for municipal sewage treatment, and the other part can be subjected to high-temperature regeneration treatment. The ultrafiltration membrane component is arranged at the tail end of the multifunctional sewage treatment device, the water outlet end of the filtration membrane component can be connected with a negative pressure water suction pump, sewage after multifunctional treatment is filtered, and produced water meeting the discharge standard is formed for discharge.
According to the sewage advanced treatment method based on the activated carbon technology, the biological activated carbon water treatment device and the multifunctional sewage treatment device are arranged separately, activated carbon is continuously supplemented in the multifunctional treatment device, and the activated carbon is refluxed to the biological activated carbon water treatment device to treat biodegradable and non-biodegradable pollutants in sewage separately, so that the use efficiency of the activated carbon is greatly improved, the sewage treatment effect is improved, and the quality of the produced water is more stable. Meanwhile, the treatment method has complete functions, good removal effect on organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus, chromaticity and suspended matters, and the modularized design of the process flow has compact structure, and can realize the automatic integrated design of the whole process for the tail water advanced treatment engineering of the small-scale sewage treatment plant, thereby having convenient operation and simple operation and further reducing the investment operation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage advanced treatment apparatus based on activated carbon technology according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method and the equipment for advanced sewage treatment based on the activated carbon technology of the invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
The utility model provides a sewage advanced treatment equipment based on active carbon technique, as shown in fig. 1, this equipment includes biological active carbon water treatment facilities 1 and multi-functional sewage treatment facilities 2 that are linked together through infusion pipeline 6, be provided with filtration membrane subassembly 3 in the multi-functional sewage treatment facilities 2, wherein, be provided with waste water collection entry 1a on the biological active carbon water treatment facilities 1, active carbon collection entry 1b and active carbon discharge port 1c, be provided with active carbon reflux unit 2a on the multi-functional sewage treatment facilities 2, active carbon reflux unit 2 a's exit end is linked together with active carbon collection entry 1b, filtration membrane subassembly 3 exit is connected with negative pressure suction pump 4. The multifunctional water treatment device 2 is also provided with three medicament feeding inlets 5, namely an active carbon feeding inlet 5a, an ion exchange resin feeding inlet 5b and a phosphorus precipitant feeding inlet 5c. The filtering membrane component 3 is an immersed curtain type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration membrane component. The membrane material of the filtering membrane component 3 is one of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene fluoride. The biological active carbon device 1 is provided with a first aeration system 7, and the carbon-water separation device 2 is provided with a second aeration system 8.
The sewage treatment method in actual operation sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Adding a sewage water sample to be treated into a culture device, adding powdery activated carbon and a culture solution, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface; the culture solution is urea.
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) The sewage to be treated is treated by a conventional anaerobic treatment means and then is introduced into a biological activated carbon water treatment device, the main component detection result of the sewage is shown in table 1, the mass concentration of activated carbon in the biological activated carbon water device is kept to be 0.5%, a first aeration system is started for aeration treatment, the air-water ratio is controlled to be 25:1 during aeration treatment, the treatment time is 120min, the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device is in a complete suspension mixing state with the wastewater, the wastewater fully contacts with the biological activated carbon, and organic pollutants, chromaticity, suspended matters and other pollutants in the wastewater can be effectively removed by utilizing the physical adsorption effect of the activated carbon and the biological oxidation effect of microbial communities attached to the surface of the wastewater, so that the biological degradation produced water is obtained.
4) The biodegradable produced water is introduced into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, and a sewage treatment reagent is added into the multifunctional sewage treatment device: powdery activated carbon, anion exchange resin, calcium hydroxide emulsion, polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, starting a second aeration device to perform aeration treatment according to a control gas-water ratio of 15:1, ensuring that a medicament and a sewage mixture in the multifunctional treatment device are in a suspension state, and not easy to agglomerate and precipitate, and treating produced water by a multifunctional system, wherein the sewage treatment medicament is added in the following manner: the powdered activated carbon is added to the total weight of the wastewater to be treated, the addition amount of the anion exchange resin is 2mg/l, the addition amount of calcium hydroxide (weight percentage content is 10%) is 0.01-0.02% of the total amount of the wastewater to be treated, the addition amount of PAC is 30-40 mg/l, and the addition amount of PAM is 2-3 mg/l. Further absorbing non-biochemical organic pollutant components in the wastewater by utilizing the physical absorption capacity of the activated carbon; anion exchange resin is added, and nitrate nitrogen in tail water can be effectively removed by utilizing the ion exchange function of the anion exchange resin; the added calcium hydroxide and flocculant convert phosphorus pollutants in sewage into flocs under the action of the flocculant and coagulant aid, and the membrane component can effectively intercept the part of insoluble matters.
In order to improve the use efficiency of the activated carbon, a reflux device can be started according to a certain reflux ratio, the carbon-water mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device is refluxed to the biological activated carbon treatment device, and the biological degradation and adsorption effects of the biological activated carbon are fully utilized. When the mass concentration of the activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device reaches 2%, the activated carbon in the device is close to saturated adsorption, an activated carbon discharge port is opened, carbon discharge operation is performed, and the discharged saturated biological activated carbon is recycled after regeneration.
5) The multifunctional treated produced water is filtered by an immersed curtain type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration membrane component to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard, and the main component detection result of the produced water is shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparative table for detecting water quality components
Example 2
The method for advanced sewage treatment of municipal sewage based on activated carbon technology by adopting the sewage treatment equipment of the embodiment 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Adding powdered activated carbon and a culture solution into a biological activated carbon culture device of a wastewater sample to be treated, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface; wherein the culture solution is glucose.
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) Introducing the sewage to be treated into a biological activated carbon water treatment device after being treated by a conventional anaerobic treatment means, wherein the main component detection result of the sewage is shown in table 2, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard and the quality of organic matter effluent is unstable, the mass concentration of activated carbon in the biological activated carbon treatment device is kept to be 0.5-0.6%, a first aeration system is started for aeration treatment, the air-water ratio is controlled to be 30:1, the treatment time is 100min, the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device is in a fully suspended and mixed state with the wastewater, the wastewater is fully contacted with the biological activated carbon, and the organic pollutant, chromaticity, suspended matters and other pollutants in the wastewater can be effectively removed by utilizing the physical adsorption effect of the activated carbon and the biological oxidation effect of microbial communities attached to the surface of the activated carbon, so that the biological degradation produced water is obtained;
4) The biodegradable produced water is introduced into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, and a sewage treatment reagent is added into the multifunctional sewage treatment device: powdered activated carbon, anion exchange resin, calcium chloride emulsion and polyaluminium chloride; and starting a second aeration device to perform aeration treatment according to the control gas-water ratio of 20:1, so as to ensure that the medicament and sewage mixture in the multifunctional treatment device are in a suspension state, are not easy to agglomerate and precipitate, and are subjected to multifunctional treatment to produce water, wherein the amount of the added activated carbon is 0.004% of the wastewater treatment amount, and the non-biochemical organic pollutant components in the wastewater are further adsorbed by utilizing the physical adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The activated carbon for adsorbing non-biochemical organic pollutants still has certain biological activity; the anion exchange resin is added according to the wastewater treatment capacity of 3mg/l, and the nitrate nitrogen in the tail water can be effectively removed by utilizing the ion exchange function of the anion exchange resin. Adding calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 10% which is 0.020-0.03% of the water to be treated, adding polyaluminium chloride according to the water treatment amount of 30mg/l, converting the pollutants such as phosphorus in the sewage into precipitate, and removing the precipitate by interception of an ultrafiltration membrane.
In order to improve the use efficiency of the activated carbon, a reflux device can be started according to a certain reflux proportion of 100%, a carbon-water mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device is refluxed to the biological activated carbon treatment device, and the biological degradation and adsorption effects of the biological activated carbon are fully utilized. When the mass concentration of the activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device reaches 1.5%, the activated carbon in the device is close to saturated adsorption, an activated carbon discharge port is opened, the carbon discharge operation is performed, and the discharged saturated biological activated carbon is recycled after regeneration.
5) And starting a negative pressure water suction pump during the second aeration, and filtering the multifunctional treated produced water through an immersed curtain type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration membrane component to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard, wherein the main component detection result of the produced water is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 comparative table for detecting water quality components
Example 3
The method for advanced sewage treatment of municipal sewage based on activated carbon technology by adopting the sewage treatment equipment of the embodiment 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Adding powdered activated carbon and a culture solution into a biological activated carbon culture device of a wastewater sample to be treated, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface; wherein the culture solution is starch.
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) Introducing the sewage to be treated into a biological activated carbon water treatment device after being treated by a conventional anaerobic treatment means, wherein the main component detection result of the sewage is shown in table 3, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard and the quality of the organic matter effluent is unstable, the mass concentration of the activated carbon in the biological activated carbon water blowing device is kept to be 0.6%, a first aeration system is started for aeration treatment, the gas-water ratio is controlled to be 25:1, the treatment time is 100min, the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device is in a complete suspension mixing state with the wastewater, the wastewater is fully contacted with the biological activated carbon, and pollutants such as organic pollutant, chromaticity and suspended matters in the wastewater can be effectively removed by utilizing the physical adsorption effect of the activated carbon and the biological oxidation effect of microbial communities attached to the surface of the activated carbon, so as to obtain biodegradable produced water;
4) The biodegradable produced water is introduced into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, a sewage treatment reagent is added into the multifunctional sewage treatment device, a second aeration device is started to perform aeration treatment according to a gas-water ratio of 18:1, the reagent and the sewage mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device are ensured to be in a suspension state and not easy to agglomerate and precipitate, and the multifunctional treated produced water is treated, wherein the sewage treatment reagent comprises powdery activated carbon, ion exchange resin, 10% calcium hydroxide solution, polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide in mass fraction; the added activated carbon amount is 0.003% of the wastewater treatment amount, and the non-biochemical organic pollutant components in the wastewater are further adsorbed by utilizing the physical adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The activated carbon adsorbed with non-biochemical organic pollutants still has certain biological activity; the total nitrogen in the tail water can be effectively removed by adding 4mg/l of anion exchange resin and utilizing the ion exchange function of the anion exchange resin. Adding 0.03-0.04% of phosphorus precipitant (10% lime milk) into the wastewater, adding 50mg/l of polyaluminium chloride and 2mg/l of anionic PAM, converting the pollutants such as phosphorus in the wastewater into precipitate, and removing the precipitate by ultrafiltration membrane interception.
In order to improve the use efficiency of the activated carbon, a reflux device can be started according to a certain reflux proportion of 120%, a carbon-water mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device is refluxed to the biological activated carbon treatment device, and the biological degradation and adsorption effects of the biological activated carbon are fully utilized. When the mass concentration of the activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device reaches 2%, the activated carbon in the device is close to saturated adsorption, an activated carbon discharge port is opened, carbon discharge operation is performed, and the discharged saturated biological activated carbon is recycled after regeneration.
5) And starting a negative pressure water suction pump during the second aeration, and filtering the multifunctional treatment produced water through an immersed curtain type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration membrane component to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard, wherein the main component detection result of the produced water is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 comparative table for detecting water quality components
Example 4
The method for advanced sewage treatment of municipal sewage based on activated carbon technology by adopting the sewage treatment equipment of the embodiment 1 sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) Adding powdered activated carbon and a culture solution into a biological activated carbon culture device of a wastewater sample to be treated, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface; the culture solution is urea or ammonium salt
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) The sewage to be treated is treated by a conventional anaerobic treatment means and then is introduced into a biological activated carbon water treatment device, the detection results of the main components of the sewage are shown in table 4, and the main components of the sewage mainly include total nitrogen exceeding and unstable water quality of organic matter effluent. The mass concentration of the activated carbon in the biological activated carbon water blowing device is kept to be 0.6%, a first aeration system is started to perform aeration treatment, the gas-water ratio is controlled to be 28:1, the treatment time is 120min, the biological activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device and the wastewater are in a complete suspension mixing state, the wastewater is fully contacted with the biological activated carbon, and organic pollutants, chromaticity, suspended matters and other pollutants in the wastewater can be effectively removed by utilizing the physical adsorption effect of the activated carbon and the biological oxidation effect of a microbial community attached to the surface of the activated carbon, so that biodegradable produced water is obtained;
4) The biodegradable produced water is introduced into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, a sewage treatment reagent is added into the multifunctional sewage treatment device, a second aeration device is started to perform aeration treatment according to a gas-water ratio of 16:1, the reagent and the sewage mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device are ensured to be in a suspension state and not easy to agglomerate and precipitate, and the multifunctional treated produced water is treated, wherein the sewage treatment reagent is powdery activated carbon, anion exchange resin, calcium chloride solution, polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide; the added active carbon amount is 0.002% of the treated water amount, the total mass percentage of the active carbon in the multifunctional treatment device is kept to be 1.2%, and the physical adsorption capacity of the active carbon is utilized to further adsorb and degrade non-biochemical organic pollutant components in the wastewater. The activated carbon adsorbed with non-biochemical organic pollutants still has certain biological activity; the total nitrogen in the tail water can be effectively removed by adding 5mg/l of anion exchange resin and utilizing the ion exchange function of the anion exchange resin. Lime milk with the weight percentage concentration of 10 percent is added according to the water treatment amount of 0.04-0.05 percent, PAC with the concentration of 30mg/l and PAM with the concentration of 2mg/l are added, so that pollutants such as phosphorus in sewage are converted into sediment, and the sediment is removed by interception of a membrane component.
In order to improve the use efficiency of the activated carbon, a reflux device can be started according to a certain reflux proportion of 100%, a carbon-water mixture in the multifunctional sewage treatment device is refluxed to the biological activated carbon treatment device, and the biological degradation and adsorption effects of the biological activated carbon are fully utilized. When the mass concentration of the activated carbon in the activated carbon biological reaction device reaches 2%, the activated carbon in the device is close to saturated adsorption, an activated carbon discharge port is opened, carbon discharge operation is performed, and the discharged saturated biological activated carbon is recycled after regeneration.
5) And starting a negative pressure water suction pump during the second aeration, and filtering the multifunctional treatment produced water through an immersed curtain type hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration membrane component to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard, wherein the main component detection result of the produced water is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 comparative table for detecting water quality components
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 to 4, the method of the invention adopts the biological activated carbon to carry out biological oxidation on the tail water, most of biodegradable substances in the tail water have higher degradation efficiency in an activated carbon biological reaction device, dinitrophenol and dinitrobenzene are substances which are difficult to degrade biologically and are removed by the absorption of the added activated carbon, and the removal rate is improved along with the increase of the addition amount of the activated carbon; the nitrate nitrogen in the effluent is enriched on the resin and removed by adding anion exchange resin; by continuously adding calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride and flocculant, phosphorus, suspended matters and microorganisms in the wastewater are effectively removed. And the use amount of the activated carbon is less, the use efficiency is higher, and the effluent quality is more stable.
Claims (5)
1. The advanced sewage treatment method based on the activated carbon technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Injecting a wastewater sample to be treated into a culture device, adding powdery activated carbon and a culture solution, and performing aeration culture to obtain the biological activated carbon with microorganisms on the surface;
2) Adding the cultured biological activated carbon into a biological activated carbon water treatment device;
3) Introducing sewage to be treated into the biological activated carbon water treatment device, and performing first aeration treatment to obtain biodegradable produced water;
4) Introducing the biodegradable produced water into a multifunctional sewage treatment device, adding a sewage treatment medicament into the multifunctional sewage treatment device, and performing secondary aeration treatment to obtain multifunctional treated produced water;
5) Filtering the multifunctional treated produced water by an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain the dischargeable produced water meeting the discharge standard;
wherein, in the step 1), the culture solution is: one or more of glucose, starch, urea or ammonium salts; the sewage treatment agent in step 4) comprises: the sewage treatment agent comprises powdery activated carbon, anion exchange resin, a phosphorus precipitant and a flocculating agent, wherein the phosphorus precipitant is calcium hydroxide and/or calcium chloride, the flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride and/or polyacrylamide, and the adding amount of the sewage treatment agent is as follows: the powdery activated carbon is 0.005-0.01% of the total weight of the wastewater to be treated, the addition amount of the anion exchange resin is 2-5 mg/l, the addition amount of the calcium hydroxide and/or the calcium chloride is 0.01-0.05% of the total amount of the wastewater to be treated, the addition amount of the polyaluminum chloride is 30-80 mg/l, and the addition amount of the polyacrylamide is 2-5 mg/l.
2. The advanced wastewater treatment method based on the activated carbon technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the air-water ratio is controlled to be 20-30:1 in the first aeration treatment, and the treatment time is 90-120 min.
3. The advanced wastewater treatment method based on the activated carbon technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the air-water ratio is controlled to be 15-20:1 in the second aeration treatment.
4. The advanced wastewater treatment method based on the activated carbon technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.4-10 nm.
5. Sewage advanced treatment equipment based on activated carbon technology, its characterized in that: the equipment comprises a biological activated carbon water treatment device (1) and a multifunctional sewage treatment device (2) which are communicated through a transfusion pipeline (6), wherein a filtering membrane component (3) is arranged in the multifunctional sewage treatment device (2), a wastewater collection inlet (1 a), an activated carbon collection inlet (1 b) and an activated carbon discharge outlet (1 c) are arranged on the biological activated carbon water treatment device (1), an activated carbon reflux device (2 a) is arranged on the multifunctional sewage treatment device (2), the outlet end of the activated carbon reflux device (2 a) is communicated with the activated carbon collection inlet (1 b), a negative pressure water suction pump (4) is connected to the outlet of the filtering membrane component (3), and three medicament charging inlets (5) are respectively arranged on the multifunctional sewage treatment device (2), namely an activated carbon charging inlet (5 a), an ion exchange resin charging inlet (5 b) and a phosphorus precipitant charging inlet (5 c), a first system (7) is arranged in the biological activated carbon water treatment device (1), and a second aeration system (8) is arranged in the multifunctional sewage treatment device (2).
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